A vertical wheel-rail force eccentric loading device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wheel-rail vertical force eccentric loading device, which relates to the field of simulation test research of railway vehicles and can simulate the eccentric loading of wheel-rail vertical forces. The device includes a vertical mechanism, a lateral mechanism and a loading mechanism. The vertical mechanism is an isosceles triangular reaction frame structure. The lateral mechanism is composed of symmetrically arranged horizontal beams and support columns. The loading mechanism includes a pressure-bearing body and a grooved rail grip block. One end of the grooved rail grip block is fixedly connected to the horizontal beam, and the other end clamps the rail head. Two symmetrically arranged grooved rail grip blocks form a group, and there are more than two positioning grooves on one group, which hold the pressure-bearing body in the horizontal direction. The pressure-bearing body is a cuboid, its upper end is connected to the hydraulic cylinder and its lower end is connected to the rail head. The height of the pressure-bearing body is greater than the depth of the positioning groove. The positioning groove includes a centering groove and at least one eccentric groove. The longitudinal symmetry plane of the centering groove coincides with the longitudinal symmetry plane of the rail web, and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the eccentric groove is parallel to the longitudinal symmetry plane of the rail web.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of research on simulation tests of rail vehicles, and particularly to a vertical wheel-rail force eccentric loading device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of rail transit, the safety, stability and comfort of rail vehicle operation have attracted more and more attention. The contact force and contact position generated by the wheel-rail interaction are important factors affecting the dynamic performance, operation safety and comfort of trains. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the corresponding relationship and variation law between the mechanical response characteristics and mechanism of the track and the magnitude and acting position of the vertical wheel-rail force. The main research method is to use a simulation loading device to simulate the vertical wheel-rail force loading on the track under laboratory conditions, record the mechanical response characteristics of the track, and explore its variation law. The existing domestic and foreign vertical wheel-rail force loading devices can meet the vertical centric loading, lateral or lateral-vertical coupling loading. The contact surface between the train wheel and the track is the force-receiving surface of the vertical wheel-rail force. When the central axis of this force-receiving surface along the track extension direction is on the longitudinal symmetry plane of the track web, it is called centric, and when the central axis is on a plane parallel to the longitudinal symmetry plane of the track web, it is called eccentric.

[0003] However, during the actual operation of rail vehicles, the central axis of the force-receiving surface is not always on the longitudinal symmetry plane of the track web. Due to the snake-like movement generated by the high-speed operation of the train or when the train passes through a curve, the wheel will generate left and right offsets relative to the longitudinal symmetry plane of the track web, resulting in eccentric loading of the vertical wheel-rail force on the track, thereby increasing the load on the web and even affecting the service life of the track. It will also cause hazards such as widening of the gauge and wheel-rail separation.

[0004] In order to better explore the variation law of the mechanical response characteristics of the track and provide data support for the maintenance plan of the rail transit system and the modeling of wheel-rail contact force, there is an urgent need for a simulation device that can achieve eccentric loading of the vertical wheel-rail force. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the needs existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a vertical wheel-rail force eccentric loading device, which can simulate the eccentric loading of the vertical wheel-rail force.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions. A vertical wheel-rail force eccentric loading device includes:

[0007] Vertical mechanism, the upper end of which is a symmetric body with symmetrically opened holes in the middle and on both sides. Fixed blocks are fixed on the middle hole and the holes on both sides of the symmetric body. The fixed block on the middle hole is fixedly connected to the upper end of a fixed cylinder. The fixed blocks on the holes on both sides are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of inclined tie rods. The lower ends of the inclined tie rods are fixedly connected to the upper end of a fixed clamp. The lower end of the fixed clamp is forked and is respectively fixedly connected to fixed plates. The two fixed plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the track, and there are grip blocks symmetrically arranged on both sides of the track between them. The fixed clamp clamps the fixed plates to make the grip blocks clamp the rail head. A spoke-type sensor is connected below the fixed cylinder. A buffer cylinder with the same length as its diameter is connected below the spoke-type sensor. A hydraulic cylinder is connected below the buffer cylinder. A pressure-bearing body is connected below the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is perpendicular to the track. The two inclined tie rods are symmetric with respect to the hydraulic cylinder. The vertical mechanism is an isosceles triangular reaction frame structure.

[0008] Transverse mechanism, including horizontally arranged beams and support columns symmetrically arranged on both sides of the railway track. The lower ends of the support columns are fixed on the ground, and the upper ends are connected to one end of the horizontally arranged beam. The other end of the horizontally arranged beam is fixedly connected to a grooved grip block.

[0009] Loading mechanism, including the pressure-bearing body and the grooved grip block. One end of the grooved grip block is fixedly connected to the horizontally arranged beam, and the other end clamps the rail head. Two symmetrically arranged grooved grip blocks are in a group. There are more than two positioning grooves on a group of grooved grip blocks. The positioning grooves are rectangular grooves with the same shape, used to hold the pressure-bearing body to prevent it from moving in the horizontal direction. The pressure-bearing body is a cuboid loaded in the positioning groove, its upper end is connected to the hydraulic cylinder, and its lower end is connected to the rail head. The height of the pressure-bearing body is greater than the depth of the positioning groove. The positioning groove includes a centering groove and at least one eccentric groove. The longitudinal symmetry plane of the centering groove coincides with the longitudinal symmetry plane of the railway track web. The longitudinal symmetry plane of the eccentric groove is parallel to the longitudinal symmetry plane of the railway track web (18).

[0010] In the description of this application: longitudinally refers to the direction in which the track extends; the side of the positioning groove parallel to the longitudinal symmetry plane of the railway track web is the depth; when the pressure-bearing body is loaded in the positioning groove, the side of the pressure-bearing body parallel to the longitudinal symmetry plane of the railway track web is the height;

[0011] Since the height of the pressure-bearing body is greater than the depth of the positioning groove, the force applied by the hydraulic cylinder is transmitted to the track through the pressure-bearing body. The contact surface between the pressure-bearing body and the track is the vertical force receiving surface of the track. When this wheel-rail vertical force eccentric loading device is operating, when the pressure-bearing body is loaded into the centering groove, the longitudinal central axis of the vertical force receiving surface of the track is on the longitudinal symmetry plane of the railway track web, and the centering loading of the track vertical force can be realized; when the pressure-bearing body is loaded into the eccentric groove, the longitudinal central axis of the vertical force receiving surface of the track is on a plane parallel to the longitudinal symmetry plane of the railway track web, and the eccentric loading of the track vertical force can be realized.

[0012] Furthermore, the grooved rail grip block includes a centering groove and two symmetric eccentric grooves. The symmetric structure of the positioning groove makes the eccentric loading device operate more stably.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure-bearing body is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder. The pressure-bearing body is welded to the lower bottom surface of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the symmetric body is an isosceles triangular body, and its longitudinal section is an isosceles triangle. Designed as an isosceles triangle here, precise centering and symmetric hole opening can be achieved through simple measurement, so as to achieve the purpose of symmetric and uniform stress on both sides during the test. The vertical mechanism is installed above the rail, and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the symmetric body coincides with the longitudinal symmetry plane of the rail web.

[0015] Furthermore, the support column is threaded and can cooperate with the horizontal beam to adjust its horizontal height. Adjusting to the appropriate horizontal height can make the overall eccentric loading device more balanced.

[0016] Furthermore, the included angle between the inclined pull rod and the rail is 60°. If the isosceles triangular reaction frame structure of the vertical mechanism is an equilateral triangle, the eccentric loading device will operate more stably.

[0017] Furthermore, the fixing block is fixed to the middle hole and two side holes of the symmetric body by bolts and nuts. This fixed connection method is firm and convenient for adjustment.

[0018] Furthermore, four rail grip blocks are clamped between the two symmetrically arranged fixing plates. This can make the eccentric loading device stable during operation.

[0019] Furthermore, the oil source system of the hydraulic cylinder uses a non-electrically controlled hydraulic system. The oil source system can use a manual loading oil pump, which is convenient to move and is not restricted by the power supply position.

[0020] Furthermore, the spoke-type sensor is equipped with a battery. This makes the eccentric loading device more convenient to move. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a side view schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the loading mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the loading principle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] 1. Symmetrical body; 2. Fixed cylinder; 3. Spoke-type sensor; 4. Buffer cylinder; 5. Hydraulic cylinder; 6. Inclined tie rod; 7. Fixed clamp; 8. Rail grip block; 9. Fixed plate; 10. Support column; 11. Horizontal beam; 12. Slotted rail grip block; 13. Bearing body; 14. Fixed block; 15. Centering groove; 16. Eccentric groove; 17. Rail head; 18. Rail web. Specific implementation manner

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification and embodiments. It should be noted that unless otherwise specified, the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate and explain the preferred solutions of the present solution, rather than limiting the present invention. The present invention includes but is not limited to the content of the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and will not be elaborated further below.

[0028] See Figures 1 - 3 , a specific implementation manner of the present invention is as follows: A wheel-rail vertical force eccentric loading device includes a vertical mechanism, a horizontal mechanism, and a loading structure.

[0029] The vertical mechanism is installed above the rail. Its upper end is a symmetrical body 1 with symmetrically opened holes in the middle and on both sides. The symmetrical body 1 is an isosceles triangular body. The middle hole and the holes on both sides are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed block 14 through bolts and nuts. The fixed block 14 on the middle hole is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixed cylinder 2, and the fixed blocks 14 on the holes on both sides are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the inclined tie rods 6. The lower ends of the inclined tie rods 6 are fixedly connected to the fixed clamp 7. The lower end of the fixed clamp 7 is forked and is respectively fixedly connected to the fixed plate 9. The two fixed plates 9 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rail, and there are rail grip blocks 8 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rail between them. Two rail grip blocks 8 are a group, and two groups of rail grip blocks 8 are clamped between the two symmetrical fixed plates 9. The fixed clamp 7 clamps the fixed plate 9 through bolts and nuts to make the rail grip blocks 8 clamp the rail head 17. The lower end of the fixed cylinder 2 is connected to a spoke-type sensor 3. The spoke-type sensor 3 is a cylinder, and a buffer cylinder 4 with the same diameter as it is connected below. The buffer cylinder 4 is connected to a cylindrical hydraulic cylinder 5 below. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to a bearing body 13 below. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is perpendicular to the rail. The two inclined tie rods 6 are symmetrical with respect to the hydraulic cylinder 5. The vertical mechanism as a whole is an isosceles triangular reaction frame structure, and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the symmetrical body 1 coincides with the longitudinal symmetry plane of the rail web 18.

[0030] The horizontal mechanism includes horizontal beams 11 and support columns 10 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the railway track. The support columns 10 are threaded, and their lower ends are fixed on the ground, and their upper ends are connected to one end of the horizontal beam 11. The horizontal beam 11 is fixedly connected to the slotted rail grip block 12.

[0031] The loading mechanism includes a pressure-bearing body 13 and a grooved rail gripper 12. One end of the grooved rail gripper 12 is fixedly connected to the horizontal beam 11, and the other end clamps the rail head 17. Two symmetrically arranged grooved rail grippers 12 form a group. There are three positioning grooves on a group of grooved rail grippers 12. The positioning grooves are rectangular grooves with the same shape, which are used to hold the pressure-bearing body 13 to prevent it from moving in the horizontal direction. The pressure-bearing body 13 is a cuboid, its upper end is welded to the bottom surface of the hydraulic cylinder 5, and the lower end is connected to the rail head 17. The height of the pressure-bearing body 13 is greater than the depth of the positioning groove. The positioning groove includes a centering groove 15 and two symmetric eccentric grooves 16. The longitudinal symmetry plane of the centering groove 15 coincides with the longitudinal symmetry plane of the rail web, and the longitudinal symmetry plane of the eccentric groove 16 is parallel to the longitudinal symmetry plane of the rail web.

[0032] The hydraulic cylinder 5 and the oil source system are connected by high-pressure oil pipes, and dust-proof protection caps are provided at the interfaces. A shock-resistant precision pressure gauge and a combined check valve are provided at the front end of the oil source system. Single-channel oil supply loading effectively ensures continuous and stable pressurization and a long pressure stabilization time; the oil source system uses a manual loading oil pump, which does not need to be connected to the power supply and is not restricted by electricity.

[0033] The spoke-type sensor 3 is connected to the data acquisition module through a data cable, and the test can start after the machine is turned on. The measurement system is provided with a one-key zero clearing function, equipped with a battery, and an industrial-grade display module, which has strong adaptability to harsh environments and has the characteristics of earthquake resistance, moisture resistance, dust resistance, and high temperature resistance; the spoke-type sensor has high precision, good repeatability, and good long-term stability.

[0034] See Figure 4 , when this specific embodiment is running, the hydraulic cylinder 5 applies force to the pressure-bearing body 13. When the pressure-bearing body 13 is loaded into the centering groove 15, the rail vertical force between the pressure-bearing body 13 and the rail is centric; when the pressure-bearing body 13 is loaded into the eccentric groove 16, the rail vertical force between the pressure-bearing body 13 and the rail is eccentric. The data acquisition module collects and stores the data of the spoke-type sensor 3.

Claims

1. A vertical force eccentric loading device for wheel-rail, characterized in that: it includes a vertical mechanism, a lateral mechanism and a loading mechanism, the upper end of the vertical mechanism is a symmetric body (1) with symmetrically opened holes in the middle and on both sides. Fixed blocks (14) are fixed on the middle hole and the holes on both sides of the symmetric body (1). The fixed block on the middle hole is fixedly connected to the upper end of a fixed cylinder (2). The fixed blocks on the holes on both sides are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of inclined tie rods (6). The lower end of the inclined tie rod (6) is fixedly connected to the upper end of a fixed clamp (7). The lower end of the fixed clamp (7) is forked and is respectively fixedly connected to a fixed plate (9). The two fixed plates (9) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the track, and there are grip blocks (8) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the track between them. The fixed clamp 7 clamps the grip blocks (8) to clamp the rail head (17) by clamping the fixed plate (9). A spoke-type sensor (3) is connected below the fixed cylinder (2). A buffer cylinder (4) is connected below the spoke-type sensor (3). A hydraulic cylinder (5) is connected below the buffer cylinder (4). A pressure-bearing body (13) is connected below the hydraulic cylinder (5). The hydraulic cylinder (5) is perpendicular to the track. The two inclined tie rods (6) are symmetric with respect to the hydraulic cylinder (5). The vertical mechanism is an isosceles triangle reaction frame structure; the lateral mechanism includes horizontally arranged beams (11) and support columns (10) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the railway track. The lower ends of the support columns (10) are fixed on the ground, and the upper ends are connected to one end of the horizontally arranged beam (11). The other end of the horizontally arranged beam (11) is fixedly connected to a grooved grip block (12); the loading mechanism includes the pressure-bearing body (13) and the grooved grip block (12). One end of the grooved grip block (12) is fixedly connected to the horizontally arranged beam (11), and the other end clamps the rail head (17). Two symmetrically arranged grooved grip blocks (12) form a group. There are more than two positioning grooves on a group of grooved grip blocks (12). The positioning grooves are rectangular grooves with the same shape, used to hold the pressure-bearing body (13) to prevent it from moving in the horizontal direction. The pressure-bearing body (13) is a cuboid loaded in the positioning groove. Its upper end is connected to the hydraulic cylinder (5), and its lower end is connected to the rail head (17). The height of the pressure-bearing body (13) is greater than the depth of the positioning groove. The positioning groove includes a centering groove (15) and at least one eccentric groove (16). The longitudinal symmetry plane of the centering groove (15) coincides with the longitudinal symmetry plane of the track web (18). The longitudinal symmetry plane of the eccentric groove (16) is parallel to the longitudinal symmetry plane of the track web (18).

2. A vertical force eccentric loading device for wheel-rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: a group of grooved grip blocks (12) includes a centering groove (15) and two symmetric eccentric grooves (16).

3. A vertical force eccentric loading device for wheel-rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressure-bearing body (13) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder (5).

4. A vertical force eccentric loading device for wheel-rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The symmetric body (1) is an isosceles triangular body, and its longitudinal section is an isosceles triangle.

5. A wheel-rail vertical force eccentric loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support column (10) is threaded and can be adjusted in its horizontal height in cooperation with the transverse beam (11).

6. A wheel-rail vertical force eccentric loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the inclined tie rod (6) and the track is 60°.

7. A wheel-rail vertical force eccentric loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing block (14) is fixed on the middle hole and the two side holes of the symmetric body (1) by bolts and nuts.

8. A wheel-rail vertical force eccentric loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four rail gripping blocks (8) are clamped between the two symmetrically arranged fixing plates (9).

9. A wheel-rail vertical force eccentric loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil source system of the hydraulic cylinder (5) uses a non-electrically controlled hydraulic system.

10. A wheel-rail vertical force eccentric loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spoke-type sensor (3) is equipped with a battery.

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