T-shaped Workbench, Tooling and Usage Method for Machining Oblique Oil Holes of Bearing Rings

Abstract

T-shaped workbench, tooling and usage method for machining inclined oil holes of bearing rings, relating to the technical field of machining. To solve the problems that when the existing universal rotary indexing head clamps the bearing ring, due to the thin wall thickness of the bearing ring, deformation is likely to occur, and restricted by the large size of the universal rotary indexing head and the working principle that the workpiece needs to be immersed in the working fluid during the machining process of the electric discharge forming machine, the electric discharge oil needs to be repeatedly injected and discharged into the working chamber during the workpiece adjustment and machining process, resulting in extremely low machining efficiency. The tooling has a clever structural design and flexible combination methods, which can improve the machining accuracy and quality of the bearing ring; using this tooling to clamp the bearing ring avoids the quality problem of deformation caused by radial three-point clamping of the bearing ring, and the tooling has a small volume, without the need to repeatedly inject and drain a large amount of electric discharge oil during workpiece adjustment and machining, improving the working efficiency. The present invention is applicable to machining the inclined oil holes of bearing rings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining, and particularly to a T-shaped workbench, a tooling and a using method for machining inclined oil holes of bearing rings. Background Art

[0002] With the progress of technology, the working conditions of bearings are becoming more and more demanding, the technical requirements for bearings are becoming stricter, and the structural design is becoming more and more complex. For example, in order to better achieve bearing lubrication and improve the working quality, the bearing structure is designed with multiple angular lubricating oil holes, the axial direction of the oil holes is perpendicular or at a certain obtuse angle to the axial direction of the ring, there are 2 to 4 rows of oil holes in a single-piece bearing ring, and the oil holes in each row are equally divided into 2 to 8 parts in the circumferential direction; when machining the oil holes of the bearing ring, the traditional clamping method is to use a three-jaw universal rotary indexing head. However, due to the thin wall of the bearing ring, it is easy to deform under the radial clamping force, and the oil hole machining process in the process flow is usually arranged after the final machining process of the rotary surface. Once the clamping deformation occurs, it cannot be trimmed or repaired.

[0003] In addition, the clamping mechanism currently equipped with the electric discharge forming machine is a universal rotary indexing head. The universal rotary indexing head is large in size, and during the machining process of the electric discharge forming machine, the workpiece needs to be immersed in the working fluid (electric discharge oil). Due to the limitation of the working principle of the electric discharge forming machine, the electric discharge oil needs to be repeatedly injected and discharged from the working chamber during the adjustment of the workpiece and the machining process. The rhythm of injecting and emptying the electric discharge oil is long, resulting in extremely low machining efficiency. In addition, due to the thin wall thickness of the bearing ring and the three-jaw clamping of the universal rotary indexing head, the bearing ring is prone to deformation after being clamped at three points radially, losing the machining accuracy and becoming a waste product, resulting in a low qualification rate.

[0004] To sum up, when the existing universal rotary indexing head clamps the bearing ring, due to the thin wall thickness of the bearing ring, deformation is likely to occur, and due to the large size of the universal rotary indexing head and the working principle that the workpiece needs to be immersed in the working fluid during the machining process of the electric discharge forming machine, the electric discharge oil needs to be repeatedly injected and discharged from the working chamber during the adjustment of the workpiece and the machining process, resulting in extremely low machining efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the problems that when the existing universal rotary indexing head clamps the bearing ring, due to the thin wall thickness of the bearing ring, deformation is likely to occur, and due to the large size of the universal rotary indexing head and the working principle that the workpiece needs to be immersed in the working fluid during the machining process of the electric discharge forming machine, the electric discharge oil needs to be repeatedly injected and discharged from the working chamber during the adjustment of the workpiece and the machining process, resulting in extremely low machining efficiency, and provides a T-shaped workbench, a tooling and a using method for machining inclined oil holes of bearing rings.

[0006] A T-shaped workbench for machining inclined oil holes of bearing rings, wherein a plurality of horizontal T-shaped grooves 1-2 are uniformly machined on the upper surface of the T-shaped workbench 1, and three vertical T-shaped grooves 1-1 are machined on the side surface of the T-shaped workbench along the height direction. The vertical T-shaped grooves 1-1 are perpendicular to the horizontal T-shaped grooves 1-2 in direction.

[0007] Further, the vertical T-shaped grooves 1-1 and the horizontal T-shaped grooves 1-2 have the same groove dimensions and spacings.

[0008] A tooling for machining inclined oil holes of bearing rings according to the present invention includes two T-shaped workbenches 1 and two T-shaped sliders 2. The horizontal T-shaped grooves 1-2 of the two T-shaped workbenches 1 are combined and connected through the two T-shaped sliders 2 to form a horizontal tooling; or the vertical T-shaped grooves 1-1 of one T-shaped workbench 1 and the horizontal T-shaped grooves 1-2 of another T-shaped workbench are combined and connected through the two T-shaped sliders 2 to form a vertical tooling.

[0009] Further, threaded through holes are respectively machined at both ends of the T-shaped slider 2, and the two stepped surfaces of the trapezoidal slider are pressed against the stepped surfaces of the horizontal T-shaped groove 1-2 through the locking bolts 3.

[0010] Further, the locking bolts 3 are used to lock the connection between the end of the T-shaped slider 2 and the T-shaped workbench 1.

[0011] Further, the tooling for machining inclined oil holes of bearing rings also includes a pressing plate 4. One of the T-shaped workbenches 1 is placed vertically, and the other T-shaped workbench 1 is connected to it through the locking bolts 3 and the pressing plate 4 on its working surface. The working surface of the other T-shaped workbench 1 forms an angle of b° with the horizontal direction. Three T-shaped sliders 2 are arranged in the T-shaped grooves on the working surface of the inclined T-shaped workbench 1. According to the principle of three points on the same circle, the positions of the three T-shaped sliders 2 are adjusted to limit the ring to be machined at a suitable position on the inclined T-shaped workbench 1. Bolt through holes are provided on each T-shaped slider 2, and the stepped surface of the T-shaped slider 2 is pressed against the stepped surface of the horizontal T-shaped groove 1-2 on the inclined T-shaped workbench 1 through the short locking bolts 3. At the same time, the ring to be machined is locked and fixed on the working surface of the other T-shaped workbench 1 through the three short locking bolts 3 and the pressing plate 4 above them.

[0012] Further, the b° = 90° - 180°.

[0013] A method for using the tooling for machining inclined oil holes of bearing rings according to the present invention is as follows:

[0014] Step 1: Select the combination mode of the tooling according to the angle a between the axis of the oil hole of the ring and the axis of the ring.

[0015] Step 2: Use a wire cutting device to find the center of the circle by three-point edge touching, and then find the corresponding angular positions of 0 degrees, β degrees and degrees, and mark on the end face of the ferrule;

[0016] Step 3: Place the ferrule at a suitable position on the inclined T-shaped workbench 1, with the 0-degree mark at the top. Using the principle of three points on the same circle, fix the ferrule to be processed on the inclined T-shaped workbench 1 through three T-shaped sliders 2 and a pressing plate 4;

[0017] Step 4: Mark the three angular marks on the end face of the ferrule correspondingly on the T-shaped workbench 1; keep the angular position unchanged;

[0018] Step 5: Perform numerical control programming on the electric discharge machining machine according to the processing drawing;

[0019] Step 6: Make the electrode of the electric discharge machining machine touch the edge and set the workpiece zero point;

[0020] Step 7: Execute drilling the first hole, that is, the hole at the 0-degree angular position;

[0021] Step 8: Adjust the angular position of the bearing ferrule, align the hole at the 0-degree position with the degree mark on the workbench, and clamp it again;

[0022] Step 9: Execute drilling the second hole;

[0023] Step 10: Repeat the operation in Step 8 to drill the third hole, and drill all the holes in the same radial plane in sequence;

[0024] Step 11: Flip the ferrule and clamp it again. One of the holes of the bearing ferrule corresponds to the β-degree mark on the T-shaped workbench 1;

[0025] Step 12: Execute drilling the first hole in the other radial plane;

[0026] Step 13: Repeat the above Steps 8, 9 and 10 to drill all the holes in the other radial plane of the bearing ferrule in sequence.

[0027] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0028] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art. According to the processing technology of bearing rings, the combination mode of two T-shaped worktables can be flexibly changed according to processing requirements. When machining lubricating oil holes at multiple angular positions on the bearing, one T-shaped worktable is placed on the working surface of the other T-shaped worktable, and the inclination angle is adjusted according to b° to 90°. The two T-shaped worktables are fixed by using T-shaped sliders, locking bolts and pressing plates. Then, the workpiece to be machined is fixed to the working surface of the T-shaped worktable with an inclination angle through the pressing plate. Next, the bearing ring is machined by using an electric discharge machine; this kind of tooling is also used to machine the bearing ring, achieving high utilization rate of the blank material, low processing cost, and the slider is cut out from the T-shaped groove of the T-shaped worktable; moreover, the tooling structure is ingeniously designed and the combination mode is flexible and diverse, thus being able to improve the machining accuracy and quality of the bearing ring; using this kind of tooling to clamp the bearing ring avoids the quality problem of deformation caused by radial three-point clamping of the bearing ring; and the volume of this tooling is small, without the need to repeatedly inject and drain a large amount of electric discharge oil during workpiece adjustment and machining, greatly improving the work efficiency. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is a top view of a T-shaped worktable for machining inclined oil holes of a bearing ring according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a top view of a horizontal type of tooling for machining inclined oil holes of a bearing ring according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is a top view of a vertical type of tooling for machining inclined oil holes of a bearing ring according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 is a side view of a multi-angle adjustment and assembly mode of a tooling for machining inclined oil holes of a bearing ring according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 is a top view of a tooling for machining inclined oil holes of a bearing ring in a working state according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a K-direction view of a tooling for machining inclined oil holes of a bearing ring in a working state according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 is a top view of a bearing ring manufactured by using a tooling for machining inclined oil holes of a bearing ring;

[0036] Figure 8 is a main cross-sectional view of a bearing ring manufactured by using a tooling for machining inclined oil holes of a bearing ring;

[0037] Among them are the T-shaped workbench 1, horizontal T-shaped groove 1-2, vertical T-shaped groove 1-1, T-shaped slider 2, locking bolt 3, pressing plate 4, and bearing ring 5. Detailed implementation mode

[0038] Detailed implementation mode one: In combination with Figure 1 To illustrate this implementation mode, for a T-shaped workbench used for machining inclined oil holes of bearing rings described in this implementation mode, a plurality of horizontal T-shaped grooves 1-2 are evenly machined on the upper surface of the T-shaped workbench 1, and three vertical T-shaped grooves 1-1 are machined on the side surface of the T-shaped workbench along the height direction. The vertical T-shaped grooves 1-1 are perpendicular to the direction of the horizontal T-shaped grooves 1-2.

[0039] Detailed implementation mode two: In combination with Figure 1 To illustrate this implementation mode, this implementation mode is a further limitation on the workbench described in the first detailed implementation mode. For a T-shaped workbench used for machining inclined oil holes of bearing rings described in this implementation mode, the groove dimensions and spacings of the vertical T-shaped grooves 1-1 and the horizontal T-shaped grooves 1-2 are the same.

[0040] Detailed implementation mode three: In combination with Figure 2 and Figure 3 To illustrate this implementation mode, a tooling for machining inclined oil holes of bearing rings described in this implementation mode includes two T-shaped workbenches 1 and two T-shaped sliders 2; the horizontal T-shaped grooves 1-2 of the two T-shaped workbenches 1 are combined and connected through the two T-shaped sliders 2 to form a horizontal tooling; or the vertical T-shaped groove 1-1 of one T-shaped workbench 1 and the horizontal T-shaped groove 1-2 of another T-shaped workbench are combined and connected through the two T-shaped sliders 2 to form a vertical tooling.

[0041] Detailed implementation mode four: In combination with Figure 2 and Figure 3 To illustrate this implementation mode, this implementation mode is a further limitation on the tooling described in the third detailed implementation mode. For a tooling for machining inclined oil holes of bearing rings described in this implementation mode, threaded through holes are respectively machined at both ends of the T-shaped slider 2, and the two stepped surfaces of the trapezoidal slider are tightly attached to the stepped surfaces of the horizontal T-shaped groove 1-2 through the locking bolt 3.

[0042] Detailed implementation mode five: In combination with Figure 2 and Figure 3 To illustrate this implementation mode, this implementation mode is a further limitation on the tooling described in the fourth detailed implementation mode. For a tooling for machining inclined oil holes of bearing rings described in this implementation mode, the locking bolt 3 is used to lock the connection between the end of the T-shaped slider 2 and the T-shaped workbench 1.

[0043] Detailed implementation mode six: In combination with Figure 4Description of this embodiment: This embodiment further limits the tooling described in the third specific embodiment. A tooling for machining inclined oil holes of bearing rings described in this embodiment further includes a pressing plate 4. One of the T-shaped worktables 1 is placed vertically, and the other T-shaped worktable 1 is connected to it through a locking bolt 3 and the pressing plate 4 on its working surface. Moreover, the working surface of the other T-shaped worktable 1 forms an angle of b° with the horizontal direction. Three T-shaped sliders 2 are arranged in the T-shaped grooves on the working surface of the inclined T-shaped worktable 1. According to the principle of three points being on the same circle, the positions of the three T-shaped sliders 2 are adjusted to limit the ring to be machined at a suitable position on the inclined T-shaped worktable 1. Each T-shaped slider 2 is provided with a bolt through-hole, and the stepped surface of the T-shaped slider 2 is pressed against the stepped surface of the horizontal T-shaped groove 1-2 on the inclined T-shaped worktable 1 through a short locking bolt 3. At the same time, the ring to be machined is locked and fixed on the working surface of the other T-shaped worktable 1 through three short locking bolts 3 and the pressing plate 4 above them.

[0044] Specific embodiment seven: In combination with Figure 4 Description of this embodiment: This embodiment further limits the tooling described in the sixth specific embodiment. For a tooling for machining inclined oil holes of bearing rings described in this embodiment, b° = 90° - 180°.

[0045] Specific embodiment eight: In combination with Figures 5 to 8 Description of this embodiment: The using method of a tooling for machining inclined oil holes of bearing rings described in this embodiment is as follows:

[0046] Step 1: Select the combination mode of the tooling according to the angle a between the axis of the oil hole of the ring and the axis of the ring.

[0047] Step 2: Use a wire cutting equipment to find the center of the circle by touching the edges at three points, and then find the corresponding angular positions of 0°, β°, and the angle, and draw marks on the end face of the ring.

[0048] Step 3: Place the ring at a suitable position on the inclined T-shaped worktable 1, with the 0° mark at the top. Using the principle of three points being on the same circle, fix the ring to be machined on the inclined T-shaped worktable 1 through three T-shaped sliders 2 and the pressing plate 4.

[0049] Step 4: Draw the three angle marks on the end face of the ring corresponding to the T-shaped worktable 1; keep the angular position unchanged.

[0050] Step 5: Perform numerical control programming on the electric discharge forming machine according to the machining drawing.

[0051] Step 6: Make the electrode of the electric discharge forming machine touch the edge and set the workpiece zero point.

[0052] Step 7: Drill the first hole, i.e., the hole at the 0-degree angle position;

[0053] Step 8: Adjust the angular position of the bearing ring so that the hole at the 0-degree position corresponds to the degree mark on the workbench and clamp it again;

[0054] Step 9: Drill the second hole;

[0055] Step 10: Repeat the operation in Step 8 to drill the third hole, and successively drill all the holes in the same radial plane;

[0056] Step 11: Flip the ring and clamp it again. One of the holes in the bearing ring corresponds to the β-degree mark on the T-shaped workbench 1;

[0057] Step 12: Drill the first hole in the other radial plane;

[0058] Step 13: Repeat the above Steps 8, 9, and 10 to successively drill all the holes in the other radial plane of the bearing ring.

Claims

1. A tooling for machining the inclined oil holes of bearing rings, characterized in that: It includes two T-shaped worktables (1), two T-shaped sliders (2) and a pressing plate (4); multiple horizontal T-shaped grooves (1-2) are evenly machined on the upper surface of the T-shaped worktable (1), and three vertical T-shaped grooves (1-1) are machined on the side surface of the T-shaped worktable along the height direction. The vertical T-shaped grooves (1-1) are perpendicular to the horizontal T-shaped grooves (1-2) in direction; the groove sizes and spacings of the vertical T-shaped grooves (1-1) and the horizontal T-shaped grooves (1-2) are the same; One of the T-shaped worktables (1) is placed vertically, and the other T-shaped worktable (1) is connected to it through a locking bolt (3) and a pressing plate (4) on its working surface. Moreover, the working surface of the other T-shaped worktable (1) forms an angle of b° with the horizontal direction. And three T-shaped sliders (2) are arranged in the T-shaped grooves on the working surface of the inclined T-shaped worktable (1). According to the principle of three points being on the same circle, the positions of the three T-shaped sliders (2) are adjusted to limit the to-be-machined ring at a suitable position on the inclined T-shaped worktable (1). Each T-shaped slider (2) is provided with a bolt through-hole, and the step surface of the T-shaped slider (2) is made to fit and press against the step surface of the horizontal T-shaped groove (1-2) on the inclined T-shaped worktable (1) through the locking bolt (3). At the same time, through the three locking bolts (3) and the pressing plate (4) thereon, the to-be-machined ring is locked and fixed on the working surface of the other T-shaped worktable (1).

2. The tooling for machining the inclined oil hole of the bearing ring according to claim 1, wherein: Threaded through-holes are respectively machined at both ends of the T-shaped slider (2), and the two step surfaces of the T-shaped slider (2) are made to fit and press against the step surfaces of the horizontal T-shaped groove (1-2) through the locking bolt (3).

3. The tooling for machining the inclined oil hole of the bearing ring according to claim 2, wherein: The locking bolt (3) is used to lock the end of the T-shaped slider (2) and the T-shaped worktable (1).

4. A tooling for machining inclined oil holes of a bearing race, according to claim 1, characterized in that: 90°<b°<180°。 5. A method for using a tooling for machining inclined oil holes of a bearing race according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The specific method is as follows: Step 1: Select the combination mode of the tooling according to the angle a between the axis of the oil hole of the ring and the axis of the ring; Step 2: Use a wire cutting device to touch the edges at three points to find the center of the circle, and then find the corresponding angular positions of 0 degrees, β degrees and ɣ degrees, and draw marks on the end face of the ring; Step 3: Place the ring at a suitable position on the inclined T-shaped worktable (1), with the 0-degree mark at the top. Using the principle of three points being on the same circle, fix the to-be-machined ring on the inclined T-shaped worktable (1) through the three T-shaped sliders (2) and the pressing plate (4); Step 4: Draw the three angle marks on the end face of the ring correspondingly on the T-shaped worktable (1); keep the angular position unchanged; Step 5: Perform numerical control programming on the electric discharge machining machine according to the machining drawing; Step 6: Make the electrode of the electric discharge machining machine touch the edge and set the workpiece zero point; Step 7: Execute drilling the first hole, that is, the hole at the 0-degree angular position; Step 8: Adjust the angular position of the bearing ring, align the hole at the 0-degree position with the ɣ-degree mark on the worktable, and clamp it again; Step 9: Execute drilling the second hole; Step 10: Repeat the operation in Step 8 to drill the third hole, and drill all the holes in the same radial plane in sequence; Step 11: Flip the ring and then clamp it. One of the holes of the bearing ring corresponds to the β-degree mark on the T-shaped worktable (1); Step 12: Execute drilling the first hole in the other radial plane; Step Thirteen: Repeat the above Steps Eight, Nine, and Ten to drill all the holes in the other radial plane of the bearing ring in sequence.

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