A high-performance surface-crosslinked composite transparent component, preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of glass transparent components, and particularly to a high-performance surface crosslinked composite transparent component, a preparation method and an application thereof. The transparent component includes a first activated glass layer, a first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, a second activated glass layer, a second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, a third activated glass layer, a third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer and a fourth activated glass layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; wherein the first activated glass layer, the second activated glass layer, the third activated glass layer and the fourth activated glass layer have activated interfaces, the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, the second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer and the third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer have highly crosslinkable surfaces, and the transparent component is optionally provided with a functional film layer. The interfaces of the transparent component provided by the present invention are uniformly and densely combined, have strong adhesiveness, and can effectively improve the impact resistance and buffering performance of the glass and reduce the probability of its degumming and delamination without affecting the function of the functional film layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of glass transparent components, and particularly to a high-performance surface crosslinked composite transparent component, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The safety of a windshield comes from the fact that when subjected to an external force impact, the middle adhesive layer can absorb most of the energy effectively through its own deformation, thereby protecting the inner layer of glass from breaking, and the outer layer of glass remains adhered to the adhesive layer without splashing. To achieve such a safety protection function, the adhesive layer must meet the following requirements:

[0003] (1) The adhesive layer itself must have high mechanical strength, be able to withstand high external forces or impacts, and not break after deformation.

[0004] (2) A good bonding interface must be formed between the surface of the film and the surface of the glass, with good buffering performance. When the outer layer of glass is impacted, the impact force can be conducted to the inside of the adhesive layer through the glass - adhesive layer interface to the greatest extent, and the film can play the best buffering and protection role to prevent the inner layer of glass from breaking.

[0005] (3) The adhesion between the film and the glass surface should be strong. When the outer layer of glass is impacted by an external force and broken, the adhesive layer must have sufficient bonding strength and not delaminate, so that the broken outer layer of glass can be firmly adhered to the laminated film.

[0006] The polyurethane (PU) film currently widely used in the structure of laminated glass is a thermoplastic elastomer composed of a linear block copolymer consisting of hard segments and soft segments. Since polyurethane contains highly polar functional groups, it has good adhesion to the polar surface of glass. However, the linear polymer chain structure of thermoplastic materials is mainly connected by molecular chain entanglement, and such intermolecular forces are weak. Under continuous external forces, thermoplastic materials will creep over time, which is caused by the slow entanglement between molecular chains, and ultimately will cause material aging, resulting in weakened adhesion, loss of buffering function, and reduced product safety. To increase the functionality of glass, the addition of functional film layers further reduces the connection between the film adhesive layer and the glass surface. Therefore, there is an urgent need to produce a reliable product with better high interfacial strength. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-performance surface crosslinked composite transparent component, a preparation method and an application thereof.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-performance surface-crosslinked composite transparent component, which includes a first activated glass layer, a first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, a second activated glass layer, a second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, a third activated glass layer, a third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, and a fourth activated glass layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom; wherein the first activated glass layer, the second activated glass layer, the third activated glass layer, and the fourth activated glass layer have activated interfaces, the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, the second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, and the third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer have highly crosslinkable surfaces, and the transparent component optionally is provided with a functional film layer.

[0009] Preferably, it further includes a first functional film layer disposed between the first activated glass layer and the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, and a second functional film layer disposed between the second activated glass layer and the second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer.

[0010] Preferably, the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, the second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, and the third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer are PU films.

[0011] More preferably, the first activated glass layer, the second activated glass layer, the third activated glass layer, and the fourth activated glass layer are made of inorganic glass or organic glass, preferably inorganic glass; preferably, the inorganic glass includes at least one of soda-lime-silica glass, high-aluminum glass, lithium-aluminum-silica glass, and borosilicate glass.

[0012] Preferably, the lower surface of the first activated glass layer, the upper and lower surfaces of the second activated glass layer, the upper and lower surfaces of the third activated glass layer, and the upper and lower surfaces of the fourth activated glass layer are activated interfaces; the activated interfaces are obtained by bombarding the inorganic glass with argon gas having a flow rate of 10-15 cm 3 s -1 and air plasma with a pressure of 5-8 Pa and a power of 25-30 W.

[0013] Preferably, the activated interfaces are doped with a silane coupling agent; preferably, the selected concentration of the silane coupling agent is an aqueous solution of 4-5%.

[0014] More preferably, the upper and lower surfaces of the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, the upper and lower surfaces of the second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, and the upper and lower surfaces of the third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer are highly crosslinkable surfaces; preferably, the highly crosslinkable surfaces are doped with a polyethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer, and more preferably a polyethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer with a molar ratio of ethylene: maleic anhydride of 1-2:1-2. More preferably, the doping effect is optimal when the molar ratio of ethylene: maleic anhydride is 1:1.

[0015] Preferably, the functional film layer is selected from ITO transparent film, metal transparent film, metal wire mesh, SiO 2 protective film or diamond-like carbon film; preferably, the first functional film layer and the second functional film layer are each selected from ITO transparent film, metal transparent film, metal wire mesh, SiO 2 protective film or diamond-like carbon film; the light transmittance of the first functional film layer and the second functional film layer is greater than or equal to 80%, and the haze is less than or equal to 2%.

[0016] More preferably, it further includes increasing the number of structural layers of the transparent component, preferably increasing the highly crosslinkable adhesive layer and the activated glass layer to the Nth layer or the N+1th layer respectively, where N is an integer greater than or equal to four; and / or, the average peel force between the first activated glass layer and the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer and the second activated glass layer, the second activated glass layer and the second highly crosslinked adhesive layer, the second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer and the third activated glass layer, the third activated glass layer and the third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, the third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer and the fourth activated glass layer, and the Nth activated glass layer and the N+1th highly crosslinked adhesive layer is greater than or equal to 970 N, and the average peel strength is greater than or equal to 45 N / mm; and / or, the light transmittance of the transparent component is greater than or equal to 80%, and the haze is less than or equal to 2%.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the multi-layer high-performance surface cross-linked composite transparent component, including: pre-treating the glass to make the activated glass layer have an activated interface; pre-treating the PU film to make the highly crosslinked adhesive layer have a highly crosslinkable surface; laminating each layer in sequence, wherein the pre-treatment of the glass includes plasma pre-treatment and coupling agent pre-treatment.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of the multi-layer high-performance surface cross-linked composite transparent component, and the application of the transparent component in the window glass of facilities including vehicles, airplanes, and ships. In the present invention, the facilities include military and civilian.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are at least as follows: By specifically treating and laminating the glass and the PU film, the activation energy, adhesiveness of the glass surface, and the crosslinking degree of the PU film are sequentially improved, so that a dense and uniform transition interface is formed between the PU film and the glass. Using the transparent glass piece with the highly crosslinkable adhesive layer and the activated glass can effectively enhance the interfacial bonding strength of the laminated glass, greatly improve the adhesiveness of the PU film to the glass surface, reduce the occurrence of defects such as degumming and delamination, and improve the reliability of the laminated glass. The present invention uses the composite material interface enhancement and surface pretreatment technology to improve the impact resistance of the laminated glass, and achieves better effects by improving the coupling between the film and the glass interface, and at the same time does not reduce the overall transparency of the windshield glass. Description of the Drawings

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention and the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a multi-layer high-performance surface cross-linked composite transparent component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a multi-layer high-performance surface cross-linked composite transparent component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Reference numerals: 1 - first activated glass layer, 2 - second activated glass layer, 3 - third activated glass layer, 4 - first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, 5 - second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, 6 - highly crosslinkable surface of the highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, 7 - activated interface of the activated glass layer, 8 - second functional film layer, 9 - first functional film layer. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials and reagents used in the following embodiments are all commercially available products, or can be prepared by known methods. For those embodiments where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated, they are all conventional methods or are carried out according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field, or according to the product instructions. For those reagents and instruments where the manufacturer is not indicated, they are all conventional products that can be obtained through regular channels.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] Some embodiments of the present invention provide a high-performance surface-crosslinked composite transparent component, which includes a first activated glass layer, a first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, a second activated glass layer, a second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, a third activated glass layer, a third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, and a fourth activated glass layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom; wherein the first activated glass layer, the second activated glass layer, the third activated glass layer, and the fourth activated glass layer have activated interfaces, the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, the second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, and the third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer have highly crosslinkable surfaces, and the transparent component optionally has a functional film layer. In the present invention, the contact surface between the activated glass layer and the crosslinkable adhesive layer in the above structure of the transparent component is a highly active contact surface that has been treated. The interfaces between the layers of this multi-layer transparent component are combined evenly and densely, with strong adhesiveness, and do not affect the function of the functional film layer.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, it further includes a first functional film layer disposed between the first activated glass layer and the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, and a second functional film layer disposed between the second activated glass layer and the second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer. Preferably, the functional film layer is selected from ITO transparent films, metal transparent films, metal meshes, SiO 2 protective films or diamond-like films; preferably, the first functional film layer and the second functional film layer are each selected from ITO transparent films, metal transparent films, metal meshes, SiO 2 protective films or diamond-like films; the light transmittance of the first functional film layer and the second functional film layer is greater than or equal to 80%, and the haze is less than or equal to 2%. The addition of the functional film layer can endow the transparent component with more functions. Exemplarily, adding an ITO film with an electric heating function can play an anti-icing and anti-fogging role; adding a SiO 2 film layer with an isolation and protection function can play an anti-corrosion role; adding a metal mesh with shielding performance can play a signal shielding role. Thus, rich functionality is given to the transparent component so that it can adapt to more usage scenarios.

[0030] In a further preferred embodiment, the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, the second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, and the third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer are PU films. Further preferably, the first activated glass layer, the second activated glass layer, the third activated glass layer, and the fourth activated glass layer are made of inorganic glass or organic glass, preferably inorganic glass; preferably, the inorganic glass includes at least one of soda-lime-silica glass, high-aluminum glass, lithium-aluminum-silica glass, and borosilicate glass. The compatibility between inorganic glass and the coupling agent is high, and the coupling agent can be effectively adsorbed on the bonding surface to obtain an activated glass surface, so as to effectively improve the bonding strength between the glass and the adhesive layer.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments, the lower surface of the first activated glass layer, the upper and lower surfaces of the second activated glass layer, the upper and lower surfaces of the third activated glass layer, and the upper and lower surfaces of the fourth activated glass layer are activated interfaces; the activated interfaces are treated by bombarding the inorganic glass with argon gas having a flow rate of 10-15 cm 3 s -1 and air plasma with a pressure of 5-8 Pa and a power of 25-30 W. Under the bombardment of active particles, the pollutants attached to the glass surface are removed, and at the same time, the functional groups on the glass surface react with the high-energy plasma, increasing the functionality of the glass surface, enhancing the surface tension and activation energy of the glass surface, and effectively improving the adhesion between the glass surface and the adhesive layer.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the activated interface is doped with a silane coupling agent; preferably, the selected concentration of the silane coupling agent is a 4-5% aqueous solution. Further preferably, the upper and lower surfaces of the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, the upper and lower surfaces of the second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, and the upper and lower surfaces of the third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer are highly crosslinkable surfaces; preferably, the highly crosslinkable surfaces are doped with a polyethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer, more preferably a polyethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer with a molar ratio of ethylene:maleic anhydride of 1-2:1-2, and further preferably a polyethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer with a molar ratio of ethylene:maleic anhydride of 1:1, when the obtained transparent component has optimal performance in all aspects. The maleic anhydride functional group can react with the amino group on the surface of the PU film at high temperature to form a stable high-strength imide, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the PU film. Moreover, during autoclaving, the polyethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer can react with the surface of the PU film as a crosslinking agent to form a crosslinked network, and at the same time, it will also react with the silane grafted on the glass surface, playing a better interfacial coupling and transition role, so that the bonding between the glass and the film is denser.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes increasing the number of structural layers of the transparent component. Preferably, the highly crosslinkable adhesive layer and the activated glass layer are each increased to the Nth layer or the (N + 1)th layer, where N is an integer greater than or equal to four; and / or, the average peel force between the first activated glass layer and the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, between the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer and the second activated glass layer, between the second activated glass layer and the second highly crosslinked adhesive layer, between the second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer and the third activated glass layer, between the third activated glass layer and the third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, between the third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer and the fourth activated glass layer, and between the Nth activated glass layer and the (N + 1)th highly crosslinked adhesive layer is greater than or equal to 970 N, and the average peel strength is greater than or equal to 45 N / mm; and / or, the light transmittance of the transparent component is greater than or equal to 80%, and the haze is less than or equal to 2%, preferably 0.2 - 0.3%.

[0034] Some embodiments of the present invention provide a method for preparing the multi-layer high-performance surface crosslinked composite transparent component, including: pretreating the glass to make the activated glass layer have an activated interface; pretreating the PU film to make the highly crosslinked adhesive layer have a highly crosslinkable surface; laminating each layer in sequence, wherein the pretreatment of the glass includes plasma pretreatment and coupling agent pretreatment.

[0035] Some other embodiments of the present invention provide an application of the multi-layer high-performance surface crosslinked composite transparent component, and the application of the transparent component in the window glass of facilities including vehicles, airplanes, and ships. In the present invention, the facilities include military and civilian.

[0036] According to the embodiments of the present invention, crosslinking is a reaction that connects polymer chains together to form covalent bonds or a relatively short sequence of chemical bonds. After crosslinking, the polymer material can form a crosslinked network, and its mechanical properties are enhanced. In the present invention, using the concept of intermolecular crosslinking to form a crosslinked network, the surface of the existing PU film is modified, so that there is a certain degree of crosslinking at the interface between the glass and the PU film, enhancing the interface strength, improving the adhesion between the PU film and the glass, thereby enhancing the reliability of the laminated structure and reducing the probability of product delamination.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to enhance the interfacial adhesion between the glass and the PU film, the plasma pretreatment technology is adopted for the glass surface. When the plasma contacts the material surface, it will transfer additional energy from the plasma to the material surface for subsequent reactions. This technology can increase the surface tension of the bonding interface, remove static electricity, and activate the glass surface, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the adhesion between the PU film and the glass.

[0038] In the embodiments of the present invention, based on existing raw materials, autoclave lamination equipment, and process technologies, by adopting glass surface plasma pretreatment technology, coupling agent pretreatment technology for the bonding surface between glass and PU film, and film crosslinking agent pretreatment technology, the activation energy, bondability of the glass surface, and crosslinking degree of the PU film are successively improved, so as to form a dense and uniform transition interface between the PU film and the glass, and greatly improve the interfacial bonding strength.

[0039] In the embodiments of the present invention, the composite material interface enhancement and surface pretreatment technology is used to improve the impact resistance of laminated glass, and a better effect is achieved by enhancing the coupling between the film and the glass interface, without reducing the overall transparency of the windshield glass.

[0040] The treatment methods involved in the embodiments of the present invention include:

[0041] 1) Pretreat the surface of inorganic glass with plasma before lamination to achieve effects that cannot be achieved by conventional cleaning. The inorganic glass used in this embodiment is soda-lime-silica glass. Argon with a flow rate of 10 cm 3 s -1 and active air plasma particles with a pressure of 5 Pa and a power of 25 W are used to bombard the glass surface. Under the bombardment of the active particles, while the pollutants attached to the glass surface are detached, the high-energy plasma reacts with the functional groups on the glass surface, increasing the functionality of the glass surface, enhancing the surface tension and activation energy of the glass, and effectively improving the adhesion between the glass surface and the PU polyurethane film;

[0042] 2) Pretreat the glass lamination surface with a coupling agent. The selected silane coupling agent contains amino functional groups that can chemically react with polyurethane in an autoclave environment of high temperature and high pressure to form covalent bonds. At the same time, after the siloxy groups are hydrolyzed, they react with the active functional groups on the glass surface, thereby coupling the originally incompatible organic body surface with the inorganic glass surface. The silane is pre-prepared into a 5% aqueous solution, hydrolyzed at room temperature for 30 minutes, and then the silane aqueous solution is evenly coated on the plasma-treated glass surface. An appropriate amount of ethanol can be added to improve the volatility of the aqueous solution, and it is left to naturally volatilize to dryness at room temperature. After drying, the glass surface is cleaned with a gauze to ensure that no water marks are left.

[0043] 3) Pretreat the PU polyurethane film with a crosslinking agent, and add polyethylene - maleic anhydride copolymer (EMA) to improve the surface crosslinking degree of the PU film. Add EMA powder with a molar ratio of ethylene to maleic anhydride of 1:1 to water, then add 2 equiv of triethylamine, heat the temperature to 90 °C and keep it for 1 hour to obtain a transparent aqueous solution. Dilute the EMA aqueous solution and evenly apply it on the PU film, and dry it at room temperature. The maleic anhydride functional groups contained in EMA can react with the amino groups on the surface of the PU film at high temperature to form stable high - strength imides, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the PU film. During autoclaving, EMA acts as a crosslinking agent, reacts with the surface of the PU film to form a crosslinking network, and also reacts with the silane grafted on the glass surface, playing a better role in interfacial coupling and transition.

[0044] Obtain the activated glass layer by implementing steps 1) and 2), and obtain the highly crosslinkable adhesive layer by implementing step 3). Arrange the first layer of activated glass layer, the first layer of highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, the second layer of activated glass layer, the second layer of highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, the third layer of activated glass layer, the third layer of highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, the fourth layer of activated glass in sequence, and so on until the Nth layer structure required in practice. Add the first functional film and the second functional film as needed, or they can be not added. Place the multi - layer structure in a vacuum bag, evacuate it, and perform autoclaving according to the existing autoclaving procedure to obtain the multi - layer high - performance surface - crosslinked composite transparent component of Example 1.

[0045] Conduct a comparative test on the highly crosslinkable adhesive layer and the activated glass described in the embodiments of the present invention with untreated materials. The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the highly crosslinkable PU in the example is changed to an ordinary PU film, and the surface - activated soda - lime - silica glass is changed to an ordinary soda - lime - silica glass; the difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that only the surface - activated soda - lime - silica glass is changed to an ordinary soda - lime - silica glass. The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that when the soda - lime - silica glass is surface - activated, argon with a flow rate of 5 cm 3 s -1 and active air plasma particles with a pressure of 5 Pa and a power of 25 W bombard the glass surface; the difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that when the soda - lime - silica glass is surface - activated, argon with a flow rate of 15 cm 3 s -1Argon with a pressure of 5 Pa and active air plasma particles with a power of 25 W bombarded the glass surface; the difference between Example 4 and Example 1 was that when performing coupling agent pretreatment on the laminated surface of soda-lime-silica glass, an aqueous solution of silane with a concentration of 3% was selected; the difference between Example 5 and Example 1 was that when performing coupling agent pretreatment on the laminated surface of soda-lime-silica glass, an aqueous solution of silane with a concentration of 7% was selected; the difference between Example 6 and Example 1 was that when performing crosslinking agent pretreatment on the PU polyurethane film, an aqueous solution was prepared with EMA powder having a molar ratio of ethylene to maleic anhydride of 2:1; the difference between Example 7 and Example 1 was that when performing crosslinking agent pretreatment on the PU polyurethane film, an aqueous solution was prepared with EMA powder having a molar ratio of ethylene to maleic anhydride of 1:2.

[0046] Table 1 Test Results

[0047]

[0048] The transparent glass piece prepared by using the highly crosslinkable adhesive layer and the activated glass described in the embodiments of the present invention can effectively enhance the interfacial strength of the laminated glass, greatly improve the adhesiveness of the PU film to the glass surface, reduce the occurrence of defects such as delamination and debonding, and improve the reliability of the laminated glass.

[0049] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings.

[0050] See Figure 1 , the embodiments of the present invention provide a transparent component, which sequentially includes a first activated glass layer 1, a first functional film layer 9, a first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer 4, a second activated glass layer 2, a second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer 5, and a third activated glass layer 3. The activation interface 7 of the activated glass layer includes the lower surface of the first activated glass layer, the upper and lower surfaces of the second activated glass layer, and the upper surface of the third activated glass layer. The highly crosslinkable surface 6 of the highly crosslinkable adhesive layer includes the upper and lower surfaces of the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer 4 and the second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer 5. The activated glass layers are bonded together through the highly crosslinkable adhesive layer.

[0051] For the transparent component of the embodiments of the present invention, since the transparent component includes the activated surface of the glass and the highly crosslinkable surface of the adhesive layer film, it has a uniform and dense bonding interface, can improve the bonding degree between the glass and the adhesive layer PU film, and realizes the improvement of the reliability, weather resistance, and peel strength of the transparent part on the premise of adding a functional film to the glass.

[0052] Therefore, when the transparent component is applied to a harsher climate environment, it can effectively extend the service life and reduce the probability of defects such as degumming and delamination. For example, when the transparent component is applied to a marine environment, the humidity of the maritime climate is high, and there is corrosion by mildew and salt spray. The transparent component can be used as the window glass of a ship. While meeting the requirements that the ship glass has an electric heating film and a stealth film, it will not show situations such as degumming and delamination, ensuring that the observer has a good view. Of course, the transparent component can also be applied to facilities such as vehicles and airplanes and used as the window glass of these facilities.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present invention, the glass activation surface is bombarded with plasma to increase the functionality of the glass surface, enhance the surface tension and activation energy of the glass, and effectively improve the adhesion between the glass surface and the PU film. The plasma flow rate is not less than 10 cm 3 s -1 of argon. The glass lamination surface is pretreated with a coupling agent. The selected silane coupling agent contains amino functional groups that can chemically react with polyurethane in a high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave environment to form covalent bonds. At the same time, after the siloxy groups are hydrolyzed, they react with the active functional groups on the glass surface, thereby coupling the originally incompatible organic surface and inorganic glass surface together.

[0054] When the first activated glass layer 1, the second activated glass layer 2, and the third activated glass layer 3 are organic glass layers, the mass of the organic glass layer is relatively light, so that the overall mass of the transparent component is relatively light. However, due to the low compatibility between the coupling agent and the organic material, the amount of coupling agent that can be adsorbed by the organic glass layer of the same area is relatively small. Specifically, when using an organic glass layer, the average peel force of the transparent component is only about 700 N. Based on this, the first activated glass layer 1, the second activated glass layer 2, and the third activated glass layer 3 are selected as inorganic glass layers. The coupling agent can be effectively adsorbed on the bonding surface to obtain an activated glass surface, so that the average peel force between the glass and the adhesive layer is greater than or equal to 970 N, and the average peel strength is greater than or equal to 45 N / mm. The greater the average peel force and the average peel strength, the higher the reliability and the longer the service life of the transparent component.

[0055] Considering that when the transparent component is applied to a low-temperature scenario, for example, when the transparent component is applied to a space shuttle, since the temperature inside the cabin is high and the temperature outside the cabin is low, the inner surface of the transparent component (i.e., the side where the third activated glass layer 3 is located is the inner surface) is prone to fogging, which will affect the viewing effect of the transparent component. Based on this, in some embodiments, the functional film can be set as an electric heating layer. In this way, the fogging of the transparent component can be effectively alleviated to improve the viewing effect.

[0056] Optionally, the functional film includes any one of an ITO transparent film, a metal transparent film, and a metal wire mesh. In this way, while achieving the light transmittance of the transparent component, the defogging of the transparent component can be achieved by energizing the functional film, the defogging effect is better, and it is convenient to dispose the functional film on the inner surface of the first activated glass layer.

[0057] To facilitate the control of the energization or de-energization of the functional film, optionally, the transparent component may further be provided with a temperature sensing element, such as a temperature sensing component, a thermistor, etc. The temperature sensing element may be disposed between the first activated glass layer 1 and the second activated glass layer 2 to sense the temperature of the transparent component through the temperature sensing element. The temperature sensing element may also be connected to a temperature control system to facilitate the automatic energization or de-energization of the functional film electric heating film for heating or stopping heating. Specifically, the temperature sensing element may be disposed on a side of the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer 4 close to the first activated glass layer 1. By disposing the temperature sensing element using the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer 4, it is not necessary to additionally occupy the space between the first activated glass layer 1 and the second activated glass layer 2, and it is not necessary to provide an additional adhesive material for bonding.

[0058] In some usage scenarios, such as for transparent components on equipment such as vehicles transporting missiles, bombers carrying special weapons, and space shuttles, the transparent component is also required to have a stealth function. Based on this, in some embodiments, the second functional film layer 8 may be set as a protective film layer, for example, SiO 2 film, diamond-like film, etc. In this way, by depositing the second functional film layer 8, the stealth function of the transparent component is achieved.

[0059] The first functional film layer 9 and the second functional film layer 8 are respectively deposited on two surfaces of the activated glass layer. Exemplarily, the first functional film layer 9 is deposited on a surface of the first activated glass layer 1 facing the second activated glass layer 2, and the second functional film layer 8 is deposited on a surface of the second activated glass layer 2 facing the first activated glass layer 1. In this way, the transparent component can have a better stealth effect and heating effect.

[0060] Optionally, the light transmittance of the first functional film layer 9 and the second functional film layer 8 is greater than or equal to 80%, and the haze is less than or equal to 2%. Exemplarily, the light transmittance of the first functional film layer 9 and the second functional film layer 8 may be 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, etc., and the haze of the first functional film layer 9 and the second functional film layer 8 may be 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, etc. By defining that the light transmittance of the first functional film layer 9 and the second functional film layer 8 is greater than or equal to 80% and the haze is less than or equal to 2%, the light transmittance degree of the transparent component can be ensured to achieve a better viewing effect of the transparent component.

[0061] As described above, the activated glass layer is inorganic glass, which may include at least one of soda-lime-silica glass, high-aluminum glass, lithium-aluminum-silica glass, and borosilicate glass, and has relatively high strength. Refer to Figure 2 , the number of transparent layers of the present invention can be increased without limitation. Exemplarily, the activated glass layer can be set to Figure 2 four layers, and the highly crosslinkable adhesive layer can be set to Figure 2 four layers. In this way, the transparent layer has better structural strength and can achieve better defense effects. Therefore, when using this transparent component, for example, when applying this transparent component to some special scenarios, such as the windows of vehicles transporting missiles, bombers carrying special weapons, space shuttles, etc., the first activated glass layer of the transparent component can be arranged facing the outside of the cabin, and the fourth activated glass layer can be arranged facing the inside of the cabin. In other words, the outer surface of the first activated glass layer serves as the outer surface of the transparent component, the inner surface of the fourth activated glass layer serves as the inner surface of the transparent component, and the inner surface of the first activated glass layer is arranged opposite to the outer surface of the fourth activated glass layer. In this way, it is beneficial to achieve better defense effects.

[0062] In the transparent component of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, since the transparent component includes a first functional film layer 9 using an electrically heated functional film and a second functional film layer 8 using a stealth protection film, the transparent component not only has good reliability and weather resistance, but also has the functions of anti-icing and anti-fogging and stealth protection at the same time, and its structural strength is also very high, so that the transparent component integrates multiple functions and has strong applicability to some special scenarios.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-performance surface cross-linked composite transparent component, characterized in that, the transparent component includes a first activated glass layer, a first highly cross-linkable adhesive layer, a second activated glass layer, a second highly cross-linkable adhesive layer, a third activated glass layer, a third highly cross-linkable adhesive layer, and a fourth activated glass layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom; Wherein the first activated glass layer, the second activated glass layer, the third activated glass layer and the fourth activated glass layer are inorganic glasses and have activation interfaces. The lower surface of the first activated glass layer, the upper and lower surfaces of the second activated glass layer, the upper and lower surfaces of the third activated glass layer, and the upper and lower surfaces of the fourth activated glass layer are activation interfaces; the upper and lower surfaces of the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, the upper and lower surfaces of the second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, and the upper and lower surfaces of the third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer are highly crosslinkable surfaces; the activation interfaces are bombarded with argon gas with a flow rate of 10 cm 3 s -1 and active air plasma with a pressure of 5 Pa and a power of 25 W on the inorganic glass; then a silane coupling agent containing amino functional groups is configured into an aqueous solution with a concentration of 5%, and then the aqueous solution of the silane coupling agent is coated on the surface of the plasma-treated inorganic glass to obtain an activation interface; the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, the second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer and the third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer have highly crosslinkable surfaces, and the first highly crosslinkable adhesive layer, the second highly crosslinkable adhesive layer and the third highly crosslinkable adhesive layer are PU films; the highly crosslinkable surfaces use a polyethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer with a molar ratio of ethylene:maleic anhydride of 1:

1.

2. The high-performance surface cross-linked composite transparent component according to claim 1, characterized in that, it further includes a first functional film layer disposed between the first activated glass layer and the first highly cross-linkable adhesive layer, and a second functional film layer disposed between the second activated glass layer and the second highly cross-linkable adhesive layer.

3. The high-performance surface cross-linked composite transparent component according to claim 1, characterized in that, the inorganic glass includes at least one of soda-lime-silica glass, high-aluminum glass, lithium-aluminum-silica glass, and borosilicate glass.

4. The high-performance surface cross-linked composite transparent component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first functional film layer and the second functional film layer are each selected from an ITO transparent film, a metal transparent film, a metal wire mesh, SiO 2 a protective film or a diamond-like carbon film; the light transmittance of the first functional film layer and the second functional film layer is greater than or equal to 80%, and the haze is less than or equal to 2%.

5. The high-performance surface cross-linked composite transparent component according to claim 1, characterized in that, the average peel strength between the first activated glass layer and the first highly cross-linkable adhesive layer, the first highly cross-linkable adhesive layer and the second activated glass layer, the second activated glass layer and the second highly cross-linked adhesive layer, the second highly cross-linkable adhesive layer and the third activated glass layer, the third activated glass layer and the third highly cross-linkable adhesive layer, and the third highly cross-linkable adhesive layer and the fourth activated glass layer is greater than or equal to 45 N / mm; and / or, the light transmittance of the transparent component is greater than or equal to 80%, and the haze is less than or equal to 2%.

6. A method for preparing the high-performance surface cross-linked composite transparent component according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, it includes: pretreating the glass to make the activated glass layer have an activated interface; pretreating the PU film to make the highly cross-linkable adhesive layer have a highly cross-linkable surface; laminating each layer in sequence, wherein the pretreatment of the glass includes plasma pretreatment and coupling agent pretreatment.

7. The application of the multi-layer high-performance surface cross-linked composite transparent component according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, the application of the transparent component in the window glass of vehicles, airplanes, and ships.

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