A phased array antenna for simultaneous same-frequency full-duplex communication

Abstract

The application discloses a phased array antenna for simultaneous same-frequency full-duplex communication and relates to the technical field of phased array antennas.The phased array antenna comprises, from top to bottom, a radio frequency feeding structure, a dielectric substrate and a modulation feeding structure, wherein the modulation feeding structure is further connected with the radio frequency feeding structure; the radio frequency feeding structure is used for receiving a radio frequency signal; and the modulation feeding structure is used for receiving a low-frequency modulation signal.The phased array antenna for simultaneous same-frequency full-duplex communication can realize the non-reciprocity of the transmitting pattern and the receiving pattern of the phased array antenna in the spatial domain by adjusting the phase of the radio frequency signal and the phase of the low-frequency modulation signal, and the independent transmitting pattern and receiving pattern of the phased array antenna can prevent the transmitting signal and the receiving signal from interfering with each other, so that the phased array antenna can realize the simultaneous same-frequency full-duplex communication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of phased array antennas, and in particular to a phased array antenna capable of simultaneous, same-frequency, full-duplex communication. Background Art

[0002] Currently, mobile communication systems typically use frequency division duplex (FDD) or time division duplex (TDD) technologies to achieve full-duplex communication. FDD requires two independent channels, with the uplink and downlink channels operating at different frequencies; TDD uses separate time slots for the uplink and downlink channels. Simultaneous on-frequency full-duplex communication, a key candidate for 6G, differs from FDD and TDD in that it uses completely independent uplink and downlink channels, enabling full-duplex communication at the same time and frequency. This significantly increases spectrum utilization, measured in bits / second / Hz, and holds broad application prospects.

[0003] Traditionally, methods such as phase cancellation are used to achieve simultaneous, co-frequency, full-duplex communication. However, the hardware required is often complex. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a phased array antenna for simultaneous, co-frequency, full-duplex communication with a simple hardware structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a phased array antenna for simultaneous and same-frequency full-duplex communication, so as to realize simultaneous and same-frequency full-duplex communication on the basis of a simple hardware structure.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] A phased array antenna for simultaneous, same-frequency, full-duplex communication, comprising: a radio frequency feed structure, a dielectric substrate, and a modulation feed structure arranged in order from top to bottom; the modulation feed structure is further connected to the radio frequency feed structure; the radio frequency feed structure is used to receive radio frequency signals; and the modulation feed structure is used to receive low-frequency modulation signals.

[0007] When the phased array antenna is in the transmitting mode, the phased array antenna transmits at a frequency of f m The radio frequency signal with a frequency of f0 is converted into a radio frequency signal with a frequency of f0+f m When the phased array antenna is in receiving mode, the phased array antenna transmits a signal at a frequency of f m The frequency in the receiving space under the action of the low-frequency modulation signal is f0+f m signal and converts it into the radio frequency signal with a frequency of f0.

[0008] Optionally, the RF feeding structure includes: two square radiating patches and a RF feeding network; the square radiating patches are provided with metallized vias;

[0009] The two square radiation patches are respectively connected to the radio frequency feeding network and the modulation feeding structure through the metallized vias; the diameter of the metallized vias is smaller than the width of the radio frequency feeding network.

[0010] Optionally, the meshes on the radio frequency feeding network feed radio frequency signals.

[0011] Optionally, the modulation feed structure includes: an uplink modulation feed network, a downlink modulation feed network and a modulation circuit;

[0012] The ends of the uplink modulation feed network and the downlink modulation feed network are both connected to the modulation circuit; the end of the modulation circuit is connected to the square radiation patch through the metallized via.

[0013] Optionally, the uplink modulation feeding network feeds an uplink low-frequency modulation signal, and the downlink modulation feeding network feeds a downlink low-frequency modulation signal; a phase difference between the uplink low-frequency modulation signal and the downlink low-frequency modulation signal is 180°.

[0014] Optionally, the modulation circuit includes: an inductor, a capacitor and a varactor diode.

[0015] Optionally, when the stepped phase of the RF signal is equal to 0 and the stepped phases of the uplink low-frequency modulation signal and the downlink low-frequency modulation signal are not equal to 0, the transmit pattern and the receive pattern of the phased array antenna are non-reciprocal and symmetrical.

[0016] Optionally, when the stepped phase of the RF signal is not equal to 0 and the stepped phase of the uplink low-frequency modulation signal and the downlink low-frequency modulation signal are not equal to 0, the transmit pattern and the receive pattern of the phased array antenna are non-reciprocal and asymmetric.

[0017] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0018] The present invention provides a phased array antenna capable of simultaneous, co-frequency, full-duplex communication. The antenna comprises, from top to bottom, an RF feed structure, a dielectric substrate, and a modulation feed structure. The modulation feed structure is connected to the RF feed structure, the RF feed structure receiving RF signals, and the modulation feed structure receiving low-frequency modulated signals. By adjusting the phase of the RF signal and the phase of the low-frequency modulated signal, the phased array antenna's transmit and receive patterns in the spatial domain can be non-reciprocal. The independent transmit and receive patterns prevent mutual interference between the transmit and receive signals, enabling the phased array antenna to achieve simultaneous, co-frequency, full-duplex communication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art clearer, the accompanying drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only need to be some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the radio frequency feeding structure provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0021] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the modulation feeding structure provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0022] Figure 3 A circuit schematic diagram of the modulation circuit provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0023] Figure 4 The transmit pattern and the receive pattern provided by the present application are non-reciprocal and symmetric. Figure 4 (a) is the transmit pattern, Figure 4 (b) is the receive pattern.

[0024] Figure 5 The transmit pattern and the receive pattern provided by the present application are non-reciprocal and asymmetric. Figure 5 (a) is the transmit pattern, Figure 5 (b) is the receive pattern. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0026] The purpose of the present application is to provide a phased array antenna for simultaneous same frequency full duplex communication, so as to realize the non-reciprocal transmit pattern and receive pattern of the phased array antenna in the spatial domain.

[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] The phased array antenna for simultaneous same frequency full duplex communication provided by the present application comprises, from top to bottom, a radio frequency feeding structure, a dielectric substrate and a modulation feeding structure.

[0029] The modulation feed structure is connected to the RF feed structure. The RF feed structure is used to receive RF signals; the modulation feed structure is used to receive low-frequency modulation signals. When the phased array antenna is in the transmitting mode, the antenna is at a frequency of f m The RF signal with a frequency of f0 is converted to a frequency of f0+f m When the phased array antenna is in receiving mode, the antenna transmits the signal at a frequency of f m The frequency in the receiving space under the action of the low-frequency modulation signal is f0+f m signal and converts it into a radio frequency signal with a frequency of f0.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the RF feed structure includes two square radiating patches 1 and an RF feed network 2. Metallized vias 3 are provided on the square radiating patches 1. Mesh holes 5 on the RF feed network 2 feed the RF signal. The two square radiating patches 1 are connected to the RF feed network 2 and the modulation feed structure, respectively, through the metallized vias 3. The diameter of the metallized vias 3 is smaller than the width of the RF feed network 2.

[0031] The size of the square radiation patch 1 is 1 / 2 times the wavelength of the medium, and the spacing between the two square radiation patches is 1 / 2 times the wavelength of free space. The expression of the medium wavelength is The expression for the free space wavelength is Where c is the speed of light in vacuum, ε r is the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate, f0 is the frequency of the RF signal, f m is the frequency of the low-frequency modulation signal.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the modulation feed structure includes an add modulation feed network 6, a drop modulation feed network 7, and a modulation circuit 4. The ends of both the add modulation feed network 6 and the drop modulation feed network 7 are connected to the modulation circuit 4; the end of the modulation circuit 4 is connected to the square radiating patch 1 via a metallized via 3. Both the add modulation feed network 6 and the drop modulation feed network 7 are coplanar waveguide feed networks. The add modulation feed network 6 feeds the add low-frequency modulation signal, while the drop modulation feed network 7 feeds the drop low-frequency modulation signal. The phase difference between the add low-frequency modulation signal and the drop low-frequency modulation signal is 180°.

[0033] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the modulation circuit 4 includes: an inductor, a capacitor and a varactor diode.

[0034] The phased array antennas provided by the present invention can be arranged to form a phased array antenna array with any aperture and number of elements. Any aperture refers to the array aperture size formed by the number of phased array antennas in the horizontal and vertical directions and the spacing between the phased array antennas.

[0035] When the phased array antenna array is in transmit mode, the expression of the transmit pattern is:

[0036]

[0037] Wherein, k is the number of rows of the phased array antenna array; k = 1, ..., K; K is the total number of rows of the phased array antenna array; l is the number of columns of the phased array antenna array; l = 1, ..., L; L is the total number of columns of the phased array antenna array; d x is the longitudinal spacing between the phased array antennas, d y is the lateral spacing between phased array antennas, is the phase of the RF signal, is the phase of the low-frequency modulation signal, θ is the pitch angle, is the horizontal plane angle, and k0 is the free space wave number.

[0038] When the phased array antenna array is in receiving mode, the receiving pattern is expressed as:

[0039]

[0040] Wherein, k is the number of rows of the phased array antenna array; k = 1, ..., K; K is the total number of rows of the phased array antenna array; l is the number of columns of the phased array antenna array; l = 1, ..., L; L is the total number of columns of the phased array antenna array; d x is the longitudinal spacing between the phased array antennas, d y is the lateral spacing between phased array antennas, is the phase of the RF signal, is the phase of the low-frequency modulation signal, θ is the pitch angle, is the horizontal plane angle, and k0 is the free space wave number.

[0041] When the stepped phase of the RF signal is 0 and the stepped phase of the added and dropped low-frequency modulation signals is not 0, the transmit and receive patterns of the phased array antenna are non-reciprocal and symmetrical. When the stepped phase of the RF signal is not 0 and the stepped phase of the added and dropped low-frequency modulation signals is not 0, the transmit and receive patterns of the phased array antenna are non-reciprocal and asymmetrical.

[0042] As a specific embodiment, the phased array antenna array has four columns and one row. The dielectric substrate is made of Wangling WL-CT338, with a dielectric constant of 3.38, a loss tangent of 0.0029, and a thickness of 0.305 mm. The RF signal frequency is designed to be 3.2 GHz, the side length of the square radiating patch is 24 mm, and the spacing between the two square radiating patches is 43 mm. The varactor diode in the modulation circuit is a Skyworks SMV1231, the inductor is a 20 nH chip inductor, and the capacitor is a 5 pF chip capacitor.

[0043] In the test, the DC bias voltage loaded on the modulation circuit is 1V, the frequency of the low-frequency modulation signal is 300MHz, and the modulation coefficient is 0.4, that is, the amplitude of the low-frequency modulation signal is 0.4V. The step phase of the control RF signal is 0°, and the step phase of the control low-frequency modulation signal is 60°. Figure 4 As shown, the beam pointing direction of the transmitting pattern of the phased array antenna is -19°, and the beam pointing direction of the receiving pattern is 19°. At this time, the transmitting pattern and the receiving pattern of the phased array antenna are non-reciprocal and symmetrical.

[0044] The step phase of the RF signal is controlled to be 31°, and the step phase of the low-frequency modulation signal is controlled to be 60°. Figure 5 As shown in FIG, the beam pointing direction of the transmitting pattern of the phased array antenna is -30°, and the beam pointing direction of the receiving pattern is 9°. At this time, the transmitting pattern and the receiving pattern of the phased array antenna are non-reciprocal and asymmetric.

[0045] The present invention provides a phased array antenna capable of simultaneous, co-frequency, full-duplex communication. The antenna comprises, from top to bottom, an RF feed structure, a dielectric substrate, and a modulation feed structure. The modulation feed structure is connected to the RF feed structure, the RF feed structure receiving RF signals, and the modulation feed structure receiving low-frequency modulated signals. By adjusting the phase of the RF signal and the phase of the low-frequency modulated signal, the phased array antenna's transmit and receive patterns in the spatial domain can be non-reciprocal. The independent transmit and receive patterns prevent mutual interference between the transmit and receive signals, enabling the phased array antenna to achieve simultaneous, co-frequency, full-duplex communication.

[0046] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0047] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the device and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A phased array antenna for simultaneous, same-frequency, full-duplex communication, characterized in that: include: A radio frequency feeding structure, a dielectric substrate and a modulation feeding structure are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; The modulation feeding structure is also connected to the radio frequency feeding structure; The radio frequency feeding structure is used to receive radio frequency signals; The modulation feeding structure is used to receive a low-frequency modulation signal; The RF feeding structure includes: two square radiating patches and a RF feeding network; the square radiating patches are provided with metallized vias; the two square radiating patches are respectively connected to the RF feeding network and the modulation feeding structure through the metallized vias; the diameter of the metallized vias is smaller than the width of the RF feeding network; and the spacing between the two square radiating patches is 1 / 2 of the free space wavelength; The modulation feed structure includes: an uplink modulation feed network, a downlink modulation feed network, and a modulation circuit; the ends of the uplink modulation feed network and the downlink modulation feed network are both connected to the modulation circuit; the end of the modulation circuit is connected to a square radiation patch through a metallized via; the uplink modulation feed network and the downlink modulation feed network are both coplanar waveguide feed networks; When the phased array antenna is in the transmitting mode, the phased array antenna converts the radio frequency signal with a frequency of f0 into a signal with a frequency of f0+fm under the action of the low-frequency modulation signal with a frequency of fm and radiates it out; when the phased array antenna is in the receiving mode, the phased array antenna receives the signal with a frequency of f0+fm in space under the action of the low-frequency modulation signal with a frequency of fm and converts it into the radio frequency signal with a frequency of f0.

2. The phased array antenna for simultaneous, same-frequency, full-duplex communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meshes on the radio frequency feeding network feed radio frequency signals.

3. The phased array antenna for simultaneous, same-frequency, full-duplex communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The uplink modulation feed network feeds the uplink low-frequency modulation signal, and the downlink modulation feed network feeds the downlink low-frequency modulation signal; The phase difference between the added low-frequency modulation signal and the dropped low-frequency modulation signal is 180°.

4. The phased array antenna for simultaneous, same-frequency, full-duplex communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modulation circuit includes: an inductor, a capacitor and a varactor diode.

5. The phased array antenna for simultaneous, same-frequency, full-duplex communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the stepped phase of the radio frequency signal is equal to 0 and the stepped phases of the added low-frequency modulation signal and the dropped low-frequency modulation signal are not equal to 0, the transmitting pattern and the receiving pattern of the phased array antenna are non-reciprocal and symmetrical.

6. The phased array antenna for simultaneous, same-frequency, full-duplex communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the stepped phase of the radio frequency signal is not equal to 0 and the stepped phases of the added low-frequency modulation signal and the dropped low-frequency modulation signal are not equal to 0, the transmit pattern and the receive pattern of the phased array antenna are non-reciprocal and asymmetric.

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