Target pieces and removable target plates for heavy-frequency laser target shooting

Abstract

The present invention discloses a target piece and a detachable target disk for heavy-frequency laser target shooting, wherein the target piece comprises two metal pieces and an insulating piece clamped therebetween, a target hole set on the target piece sequentially passes through the metal piece, the insulating piece and the metal piece, and the portion of the target hole on the metal piece is composed of a cylinder and a frustum, thereby limiting the high-temperature material generated after laser focusing target shooting to the frustum-shaped hole area, solving the problem of surrounding non-target shooting materials being burned due to energy transfer during target shooting; the target piece and a discrete target pressure plate are assembled into a discrete target carrier, and then the discrete target carrier is installed on a target disk frame to assemble the target disk, multiple target pieces do not contact each other on the discrete target pressure plates, so that heat will not be conducted to adjacent separated target pieces after laser target shooting, further avoiding heat accumulation, and multiple discrete target carriers are independently installed on the target disk frame for easy loading and unloading; the setting of the detachable structure of the target piece, the discrete target pressure plate and the target disk frame facilitates processing, installation and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of laser technology and relates to a target piece and a target disk for heavy-frequency laser target shooting. Background Art

[0002] With the development of high-power laser technology, femtosecond (10 -15 s) Laser power has reached petawatts (10 15 w) level, after focusing the laser and interacting with the nanoscale thin film target, a proton beam of the order of hundreds of mega-electron volts can be generated. The proton beam is used in cancer tumor treatment, and its unique Bragg peak characteristics can be utilized to kill cancer cells while protecting normal tissues. This new treatment method is called laser proton knife.

[0003] The laser proton knife, due to its small size and low cost, has been highly anticipated since its introduction, with countries around the world investing billions in its research and development. However, several key technical challenges remain, such as the burning of surrounding unfired material after repeated laser firing.

[0004] Specifically, a large amount of energy generated by laser targeting is concentrated on the target material. The ultra-high laser energy instantly ionizes the target material into a plasma state, and some of the shock waves and heat energy generated are transmitted laterally along the target. Since the untargeted material is all nanometer thick, a large area of ​​it is damaged, resulting in the unsustainability of laser targeting and the inability to continue to produce proton beams. In the treatment scenario of laser proton knife, this will cause interruption of treatment, which has a great impact on both patients and equipment. In addition, the large target disk structure makes the target material preparation, installation, use, and disassembly process extremely complicated, further restricting the promotion and use of laser proton knife.

[0005] In view of the above reasons, it is urgent to further improve the target plate structure and study a target plate that can meet the needs of high-frequency laser target shooting. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above problems, the inventors have conducted intensive research on target pieces and target plates for heavy-frequency laser target shooting, and have developed target pieces and detachable target plates for heavy-frequency laser target shooting. The target pieces include two metal pieces and an insulating piece clamped therebetween. The target holes set on the target pieces sequentially penetrate the metal pieces, the insulating piece and the metal piece. The part of the target hole on the metal piece is composed of a cylinder and a frustum, which realizes the limitation of the high-temperature material generated after laser focusing target shooting to the frustum-shaped hole area, and solves the problem of surrounding unresolved particles caused by energy transfer during target shooting. The problem of target material being burned is solved; the target piece and the discrete target pressure plate are assembled into a discrete target carrier, and then the discrete target carrier is installed on the target disk frame to assemble into the target disk. Multiple target pieces do not contact each other on the discrete target pressure plate, so the heat after laser targeting will not be transferred to the adjacent separated target pieces, further avoiding the accumulation of heat. Multiple discrete target carriers are independently installed on the target disk frame for easy loading and unloading; the setting of the detachable structure of the target piece, discrete target pressure plate and target disk frame is convenient for processing, installation and use, thereby completing the present invention.

[0007] Specifically, the purpose of the present invention is to provide the following aspects:

[0008] On the one hand, a target plate for heavy-frequency laser targeting is provided to prevent surrounding untargeted materials from being burned. The target plate includes two metal plates and an insulating plate clamped therebetween. A target hole and a threaded hole are provided on the target plate. The metal plate and the insulating plate are installed by installing bolts in the threaded holes to assemble the target plate.

[0009] Among them, the material of the metal sheet is selected from pure metals such as titanium, nickel, chromium, zirconium, etc., or alloys such as gold indium, stainless steel, nickel chromium, titanium aluminum, etc.; the material of the insulating sheet is selected from any one or more of ceramics, Teflon, silicon substrate, and organic silicon mica.

[0010] Among them, the part of the target hole on the metal sheet is composed of a cylinder and a frustum. The aperture of the cylinder is the same as the aperture of the small hole 111 contacting the frustum. The angle between the busbar of the frustum and the central axis is 5 to 70 degrees. The part of the target hole on the insulating sheet is cylindrical.

[0011] The target sheet has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm, the metal sheet has a thickness of 0.4 to 4 mm, and the insulating sheet has a thickness of 0.1 to 2 mm.

[0012] On the other hand, a detachable laser target plate for high-frequency laser target shooting is provided. The target plate includes a target plate frame and a separate target carrier. The separate target carrier is mounted on the target plate frame by bolts.

[0013] Wherein, a plurality of discrete target carriers are independently installed on the target disk frame, and the number of the discrete target carriers is more than 2, preferably 2 to 8.

[0014] The discrete target carrier includes the target piece and discrete target pressure plate mentioned above, and the target piece and discrete target pressure plate are movably connected to each other. Preferably, the target piece and discrete target pressure plate are assembled into a discrete target carrier through positioning pins.

[0015] Wherein, a plurality of target pieces are independently mounted on separate target pressure plates, and the number of the target pieces is 2 to 12.

[0016] The target pieces do not contact each other on the separate target pressure plates, and plate holes are provided on the separate target pressure plates at positions where the target pieces do not contact each other, for fixed installation with the target plate frame.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0018] (1) The target hole structure of the metal target sheet in the target sheet provided by the present invention is composed of a cylinder and a frustum. On the one hand, during target shooting, the laser can be focused along the frustum-shaped hole onto the target material without causing obstruction; on the other hand, the frustum-shaped hole can limit the heat and shock wave generated during laser shooting to the area and direction perpendicular to the target surface, and will not cause large-scale damage to the surrounding untargeted materials due to propagation parallel to the target surface.

[0019] (2) The target plates provided by the present invention do not contact each other, so that after a target plate is laser-targeted to generate a proton beam, the next untargeted plate can be moved to the laser point according to the position where the target needs to be targeted, thereby achieving the repeatability of laser targeting.

[0020] (3) The target plate, the discrete target pressure plate and the target plate frame included in the target plate provided by the present invention are all detachable structures, which are convenient for processing, installation and use, and have important significance in practical applications.

[0021] (4) When laser target shooting is performed using the target sheet or target disk provided by the present invention, the high stability and repeatability of the system are guaranteed under the repeated target switching, so that the proton beam generated by each laser target shooting has good stability and robustness, thereby improving the quality of the laser proton knife. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the structure of an unassembled target piece according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the target piece structure after assembly is shown in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 Show Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along the AA section;

[0025] Figure 4 Show Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along the middle section BB;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the target plate structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a target plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 7 Show Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of the target frame portion included in the target plate;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a discrete target pressure plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a discrete target carrier according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 10 A schematic structural diagram of a target shooting assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 11 Show Figure 10 A partial enlarged view of the target assembly;

[0033] Figure 12 A photo of the target material obtained after the heavy-frequency laser targeting in Example 1 is shown;

[0034] Figure 13 A photo of the target material obtained after the heavy-frequency laser targeting in Comparative Example 1 is shown;

[0035] Figure 14 A photo of the metal sheet obtained after the heavy-frequency laser targeting in Comparative Example 2 is shown.

[0036] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0037] 1-target piece;

[0038] 11-Metal sheet;

[0039] 111-small hole;

[0040] 12-insulation sheet;

[0041] 13-target hole;

[0042] 14-threaded hole;

[0043] 15-target hole;

[0044] 2-target plate frame;

[0045] 21-hole;

[0046] 22-pin hole;

[0047] 23-target plate hole;

[0048] 3-Discrete target vector;

[0049] 4-Location pin;

[0050] 5-Separate target pressure plate;

[0051] 51- positioning hole;

[0052] 52-plate hole;

[0053] 53-center hole;

[0054] 54-large target slot;

[0055] 55-Small target slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, through which the features and advantages of the present invention will become more clearly understood.

[0057] The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, example, or illustration." Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise indicated.

[0058] On the one hand, the present invention aims to provide a target piece for heavy-frequency laser target shooting that prevents surrounding untargeted materials from being burned. The target piece 1 is provided with a target hole 13. The target piece 1 includes two metal pieces 11 and an insulating piece 12 sandwiched therebetween. Figure 1 shown.

[0059] During the high-frequency laser targeting process, laser light irradiates the target material exposed at the target hole 13. The hydrogen atoms in the target material are accelerated by the strong electrostatic field generated by the laser targeting process to form a high-energy proton beam. The metal sheet 11 has excellent thermal conductivity, and the insulating sheet 12 sandwiched between them effectively prevents the heat accumulated in the metal sheet 11 from being transferred to the untargeted material and damaging it.

[0060] Furthermore, since laser targeting generates extremely high heat and other forms of energy, in addition to excellent thermal conductivity, the materials of the metal sheet 11 and the insulating sheet 12 must also be resistant to high temperatures to prevent them from melting or deforming. Due to "thermal expansion and contraction", if the thermal expansion coefficient between the materials of the metal sheet 11 and the insulating sheet 12 is too large, at high temperatures, the materials of the metal sheet 11 and the insulating sheet 12 will undergo a phase change, thereby causing the metal sheet 11 and the insulating sheet 12 to deform, affecting the target accuracy of laser targeting.

[0061] The metal sheet 11 and the insulating sheet 12 are made of materials with a high temperature resistance of 600-1000°C, preferably 1000°C, and the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the materials of the metal sheet 11 and the insulating sheet 12 is not greater than 1×10 -6 / K.

[0062] According to a preferred embodiment, the material of the metal sheet 11 is selected from pure metals such as titanium, nickel, chromium, zirconium, etc., or alloys such as gold indium, stainless steel, nickel chromium, titanium aluminum, etc., and is further preferably an alloy, such as stainless steel; the material of the insulating sheet 12 is selected from any one or more of ceramics, Teflon, silicon substrates, and organosilicon mica, and is further preferably ceramics.

[0063] According to the present invention, the target hole 13 on the metal sheet 11 is composed of a cylinder and a truncated cone. The diameter of the cylinder is the same as the diameter of the small hole 111 in contact with the truncated cone. The angle between the busbar of the truncated cone and the central axis is 5 to 70 degrees, preferably 15 to 60 degrees, more preferably 30 to 50 degrees, for example, 45 degrees. The target hole 13 on the insulating sheet 12 is cylindrical. Figure 3-4 shown.

[0064] The cylindrical aperture of the target hole 13 on the insulating sheet 12 and the aperture of the target hole 13 on the metal sheet 11 only need to meet the requirement that the high-power laser can irradiate the target material placed at the target hole 13 and not irradiate the insulating sheet 12; preferably, the cylindrical aperture of the target hole 13 on the insulating sheet 12 is equal to or larger than the aperture of the truncated cone hole 111 on the metal sheet 11, and more preferably, the cylindrical aperture of the target hole 13 on the insulating sheet 12 is larger than the aperture of the truncated cone hole 111 on the metal sheet 11, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 shown.

[0065] When the cylindrical aperture of the target hole 13 on the insulating sheet 12 is smaller than the aperture of the truncated cone hole 111 on the metal sheet 11, the insulating sheet 12 may be deformed during the shooting process, which directly affects the accuracy of the laser shooting; when the cylindrical aperture of the target hole 13 on the insulating sheet 12 is equal to the aperture of the truncated cone hole 111 on the metal sheet 11, during the assembly of the target sheet 1, if there is a slight misalignment or deviation in the drilling position processing, the target hole 13 will be partially blocked by the insulating sheet 12, which will affect the accuracy of the laser shooting; when the cylindrical aperture of the target hole 13 on the insulating sheet 12 is larger than the aperture of the truncated cone hole 111 on the metal sheet 11, it will not affect the processing, assembly of the target sheet 1, or the accuracy of the laser shooting.

[0066] In practice, when high-power laser light strikes a target, some of it is reflected by the surface, some is transmitted through it, some is scattered, and the majority is absorbed by the target. The target absorbs the laser energy through various physical mechanisms, causing atoms within the target to gain energy and become instantly ionized. This transforms the entire target, including the irradiated target and surrounding unattacked material, into a plasma state. This process accelerates protons to high energies, but also completely destroys the entire target. Therefore, the target needs to be refreshed to achieve high-frequency proton acceleration through laser targeting.

[0067] Therefore, when laser target shooting, protecting the surrounding untargeted materials from being damaged by high-energy plasma is the key to achieving repeated target shooting. The inventors found that the traditional target hole 13 structure, such as cylindrical or square, can be changed to Figure 3 The structure of the target hole can limit the heat and shock wave generated during laser targeting to the area and direction perpendicular to the target surface, and will not cause large-scale damage to the surrounding untargeted materials due to propagation parallel to the target surface. More energy is reflected at the frustum surface to prevent the energy from being transferred to the adjacent target hole 13, thereby reducing the impact on the target material in the adjacent untargeted hole 13, effectively protecting the untargeted material, and thus improving the survival rate of the target material.

[0068] In the present invention, the target sheet 1 has a thickness of 1 to 10 mm, preferably 2 to 6 mm, and more preferably 3 to 4 mm. The metal sheet 11 has a thickness of 0.4 to 4 mm, preferably 1 to 3 mm, and more preferably 1.2 to 2 mm. The height of the cylinder on the metal sheet 11 is approximately 1 / 3 of the thickness of the metal sheet 11. The insulating sheet 12 has a thickness of 0.1 to 2 mm, preferably 0.2 to 1 mm, and more preferably 0.5 to 0.8 mm.

[0069] In the present invention, the target holes 13 on the target sheet 1 can be evenly distributed or randomly distributed, preferably evenly distributed, for example, distributed in a lattice manner.

[0070] A uniform distribution method can increase the density of the target holes 13, fully utilizing the area of ​​the target sheet 1. This makes it easier to perform equidistant position changes during target shooting and facilitates processing. When the target holes 13 are distributed in a lattice pattern on the target sheet 1, the spacing between the center points of two adjacent target holes 13 in the same row or column is 5 to 20 mm, preferably 10 mm. When the spacing between target holes 13 is within this range, target shooting is safe and reliable.

[0071] In the present invention, the size and shape of the target plate 1 are determined by the target plate used with the target plate 1, and the shape can be processed into square, diamond, circular, elliptical, etc. The number of target holes 13 on the target plate 1 is determined by the size of the target plate 1, and is preferably 10 to 100, more preferably 20 to 60, and even more preferably 24 to 36.

[0072] According to a preferred embodiment, when the target holes 13 are arranged in a dot matrix, the number of rows of the target holes 13 is 2 to 6, preferably 3 to 5, and the number of columns of the target holes 1 is 3 to 8, preferably 5 to 7.

[0073] In one embodiment, the shape of the target plate 1 is adapted to the matching target plate, which is rectangular in shape. There are 24 target holes 13 on the target plate 1, which are arranged in 4 rows with 6 target holes 13 in a row. Figure 1-2 shown.

[0074] In the present invention, the processing size of the target hole 13 is determined according to the actual target shooting requirements. Generally, the cylindrical aperture on the metal sheet 11 is 3 to 8 mm, preferably 5 to 6 mm; the cylindrical aperture on the insulating sheet 12 is 1 to 5 mm larger than the cylindrical aperture on the metal sheet 11. Preferably, the cylindrical aperture on the insulating sheet 12 is 2 to 3 mm larger than the cylindrical aperture on the metal sheet 11.

[0075] In the present invention, a threaded hole 14 is provided on the target sheet 1 , wherein the threaded hole 14 is provided with threads, and the metal sheet 11 and the insulating sheet 12 are mounted on each other by installing bolts in the threaded hole 14 .

[0076] Preferably, threaded holes 14 are provided between two adjacent rows of target holes 13, at the same height as the target holes 13, or between two adjacent rows of target holes 13. The provision of multiple threaded holes 14 strengthens the fixed installation between the metal plate 11 and the insulating plate 12. For example, Figure 1-2 The target plate 1 shown has threaded holes 14 arranged between the target holes 13 in the first and second columns, the third and fourth columns, and the fifth and sixth columns, respectively; more specifically, threaded holes 14 are arranged between the target holes 13 in the first and second columns, the third and fourth columns, and the fifth and sixth columns of the first row, between the target holes 13 in the first and second columns, the third and fourth columns, and the fifth and sixth columns of the fourth row, and between the target holes 13 in the first and second columns, the third and fourth columns, and the fifth and sixth columns between the second and third rows.

[0077] Optionally, a target hole 15 is provided on the target plate 1 to facilitate connection with a matching target disk.

[0078] On the other hand, the present invention aims to provide a removable target plate for high-frequency laser target shooting, the target plate comprising a target plate frame 2 and a discrete target carrier 3, the discrete target carrier 3 being mounted on the target plate frame 1 by bolts. According to the present invention, the target plate frame 2 is a plate-like frame structure in any shape, such as square or circular, preferably square, to facilitate processing and the layout of the discrete target carrier 3 in the middle, thereby maximizing the space utilization of the discrete target carrier 3.

[0079] Furthermore, holes 21 are provided on the periphery of the target frame 2, preferably 2 to 12 holes 21 are provided on each side of the periphery, preferably 4 to 6 holes 21, for connecting with the large frame outside the target, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0080] In the present invention, the target plate is a discrete structure, that is, a plurality of discrete target carriers 3 are independently installed on the target plate frame 2. The number of the discrete target carriers 3 is more than 2, preferably 2 to 8, and more preferably 4 to 6.

[0081] Since laser targeting is carried out under a high vacuum, and the target material stored on the discrete target carrier 3 is limited, new target material needs to be replenished after the target material is used up. In this way, the discrete target carrier 3 is installed independently, which is convenient for installation and disassembly, and also convenient for replacing the target material on the discrete target carrier 3.

[0082] The discrete target carrier 3 is in the shape of a square, a diamond or a circle, preferably a square.

[0083] In the present invention, the discrete target carrier 3 includes the target piece 1 and the discrete target pressure plate 5 described in the first aspect. The target piece 1 and the discrete target pressure plate 5 are movably connected. Preferably, the target piece 1 and the discrete target pressure plate 5 are assembled into a discrete target carrier 2 through a positioning pin 4, and then the discrete target carrier 2 is installed on the target disk frame 1 through bolts.

[0084] In the present invention, there are protruding parts around the discrete target pressing plate 5 , namely at the upper, lower, left and right positions, and plate holes 52 are provided in the protruding parts for fixed installation with the target plate frame 1 .

[0085] Furthermore, a plurality of discrete target carriers 3 are mounted on the target disk frame 1, which essentially means that the discrete target pressure plates 5 are fixedly mounted on the target disk frame 1. Preferably, the protruding portion on a discrete target pressure plate 5 and the non-protruding portion, i.e., the recessed portion, on the adjacent discrete target pressure plate 5 are coupled to each other, so as to achieve seamless connection between the plurality of discrete target pressure plates 5 within the smallest area, minimize the spacing between the discrete target pressure plates 5, and thus maximize the use of the area of ​​the target disk frame 1, exposing more target holes 13 in the target sheet 1 mounted on the discrete target pressure plates 5, as shown in FIG. Figure 5-6 shown.

[0086] Furthermore, two left and right protruding parts are provided above the discrete target pressure plate 5, each protruding part is provided with two plate holes 52, and the center positions of the two protruding parts are respectively placed at 1 / 4 and 3 / 4 above the discrete target pressure plate 5; two upper and lower protruding parts are provided on the right side of the discrete target pressure plate 5, each protruding part is provided with two plate holes 52, and the center positions of the two protruding parts are respectively placed at 1 / 4 and 3 / 4 of the right side of the discrete target pressure plate 5; three protruding parts are provided at the left end, middle part and right end below the discrete target pressure plate 5, among which the protruding parts at the left end and the right end are respectively provided with a plate hole 52, and the middle protruding part is provided with two plate holes 52; three protruding parts are provided at the upper end, middle end and lower end on the left side of the discrete target pressure plate 22, among which the upper end and lower end protruding parts are respectively provided with a plate hole 52, and the middle protruding part is provided with two plate holes 52.

[0087] In the present invention, the shape of the protruding portion is any one or more of tooth-shaped, wavy, and semi-rounded rectangles, preferably semi-rounded rectangles, which are easy to process and install.

[0088] In the present invention, a target plate hole 23 is provided on the target plate frame 1 at the same position as the plate hole 52 of the discrete target pressure plate 5. Threads are provided in the plate hole 52 and the target plate hole 23, and the discrete target pressure plate 5 and the target plate frame 1 are fixedly installed by bolts.

[0089] In the present invention, when the target sheet 1 and the discrete target pressure plate 5 are mounted, the target hole 13 on the target sheet 1 needs to be exposed, so that during the repetitive laser target shooting process, the laser can be irradiated on the target material exposed at the target hole 13, and the protons in the target material can be excited to form a proton beam. Therefore, the discrete target pressure plate 5 is a hollow plate structure, that is, a target groove is provided in the middle of the discrete target pressure plate 5, and the target hole 13 on the target sheet 1 is exposed in the target groove, as shown in FIG. Figure 5-7 shown.

[0090] According to the present invention, positioning holes 15 are provided on the upper and lower sides or left and right sides or all around of the target groove on the discrete target pressure plate 5, and a target plate hole 15 is provided on the target sheet 1 for use in conjunction with the positioning hole 15 on the discrete target pressure plate 5. The aperture size of the target plate hole 15 can be completely engaged with the positioning pin 3. Through the positioning pin 3, the target sheet 1 and the discrete target pressure plate 5 are assembled into a discrete target carrier 3.

[0091] According to a preferred embodiment, positioning holes 15 are provided on the upper and lower sides or the left and right sides of the target groove on the separate target pressing plate 5 .

[0092] When the positioning holes 15 are distributed around the target groove on the discrete target pressure plate 5, on the one hand, there may be a gap between the target sheet 1 and the discrete target pressure plate 5, resulting in inaccurate shooting. On the other hand, the uneven stress distribution during shooting will also affect the shooting accuracy. The inventors move the position of the positioning holes 15 to the internal position of the discrete target pressure plate 5, so that more plate-shaped space is required on the discrete target pressure plate 5 for opening the positioning holes 15, which will further result in blocking a portion of the target holes 13 when the target sheet 1 is positioned and installed. When the positioning holes 15 are located on the upper and lower sides or the left and right sides of the target groove on the discrete target pressure plate 5, it can not only reduce stress, but also open a target groove with a larger area on the discrete target pressure plate 5, exposing more target holes 13.

[0093] In a further preferred embodiment, small target grooves are further formed on the upper and lower sides, or left and right sides, of the target groove on the separate target pressure plate 5, where the grooves do not overlap with the target holes 13, forming a central large target groove 54 and a groove body of small target grooves 55 on both sides. The portion between the large target groove 54 and the small target grooves 55 is called a positioning portion, that is, a positioning hole 15 is formed in the positioning portion. The small target grooves 55 on both sides can expose the obscured target holes 13, and the positioning holes 15 between the large target groove 54 and the small target grooves 55 connect the target sheet 1 to the separate plate pressure plate 5, making the fixation or installation between the target sheet 1 and the separate plate pressure plate 5 more stable and controllable.

[0094] In the present invention, a plurality of groups of groove bodies consisting of two small target grooves 55 and one large target groove are provided on the discrete target pressure plate 5, and each groove body can accommodate a target piece 1. The number of the groove bodies is 2 to 12, more preferably 6 to 8, for example 4, that is, the number of the target pieces 1 is preferably 2 to 12, more preferably 6 to 8, for example 4.

[0095] Furthermore, the target pieces 1 do not contact each other on the separate target pressing plates 5 .

[0096] In the present invention, the target pieces 1 do not contact each other, which not only makes the installation between the target piece 1 and the discrete target pressure plate 5 more stable, but also has the effect of blocking heat conduction, so that after a target piece 1 is hit by the laser and generates heat, the heat will not be conducted to the adjacent separated target piece 1, thus avoiding heat accumulation. Figure 9 shown.

[0097] Furthermore, plate holes 52 are provided at positions on the discrete target pressure plate 5 where the target pieces 1 do not contact each other, for further fixing and mounting with the target plate frame 2; at the same time, center holes 53 are provided at cross positions where the target pieces 1 do not contact each other, for fixing materials such as needle tips and crosshairs to represent the exact center of the target plate.

[0098] In the present invention, the target plate frame 2 is provided with a pin hole 22 for use with the positioning hole 15 on the separate target pressure plate 5 and the target hole 15 on the target plate 1, and is provided with a large target slot and a small target slot of the same size as those on the separate plate pressure plate 5.

[0099] Furthermore, a positioning rod is provided between the large target slot and the small target slot of the target disk frame 2, and a pin hole 22 is provided on the positioning rod. The height difference between the positioning rod and the plane of the target disk frame 2 is equal to the thickness of the target piece 1. This can also be understood as follows: the target disk frame 2 is provided with a slot that can be engaged with the target piece 1, the slot including a large target slot and two small target slots, the large target slot being located between the small target slots, and the large target slot and the small target slot being separated by the positioning rod, the positioning rod being provided with a pin hole 22, and the height difference between the positioning rod and the plane of the target disk frame 2 is equal to the thickness of the target piece 1.

[0100] During installation, the target piece 1 and the discrete target pressure plate 5 are assembled into a discrete target carrier 3 by means of the positioning pins 4, and then the discrete target carrier 3 is preliminarily mounted on the target disk frame 2 by means of the positioning pins 4, with the target piece 1 clamped between the discrete target pressure plate 5 and the target disk frame 2. Bolts are then screwed into the plate holes 52 provided on the discrete target pressure plate 5 and the target disk holes 23 provided on the target disk frame 2 to achieve a fixed connection between the discrete target carrier 3 and the target disk frame 2.

[0101] According to the present invention, a plurality of target pieces 1 that do not contact each other can be installed on the discrete target pressing plate 5 at the same time, so as to avoid the energy transmission between the target pieces 1 affecting the shooting effect. The large target groove 54 and the small target groove 55 provided on the discrete target pressing plate 5 completely expose the target hole 13 on the target piece 1, thereby maximizing the utilization rate of the target hole 13. A plurality of discrete target carriers 3 are independently installed on the target plate frame 2, and the discrete target carriers 3 or the target material on the discrete target carriers 3 can be replaced at any time, which makes it more convenient to use or load and unload. Figure 5-9 shown.

[0102] In the present invention, the shape of the target piece 1 needs to be aligned with the discrete target pressure plate 5. Since the discrete target pressure plate 5 needs to be aligned with the target disk frame 2, the shape of the target piece 1 determines the shape of the intermediate groove of the discrete target pressure plate 5, and the external shape of the discrete target pressure plate 5 determines the internal shape that matches the target disk frame 2. The target piece 1, the discrete target pressure plate 5, and the target disk frame 2 are square, trapezoidal, or circular in shape; preferably, the target piece 1, the discrete target pressure plate 5, and the target disk frame 2 are square in shape, which is convenient for processing and use, and also facilitates maximizing the area utilization of each part.

[0103] During installation, first clamp the insulating sheet 12 between the metal sheet 11, and assemble the metal sheet 11 and the insulating sheet 12 into a target sheet 1 by inserting bolts into the threaded holes 14. Then, connect the target sheet 1 to the discrete target carrier 3. Insert the positioning pin 4 at the "trinity" position, that is, the target sheet hole 15 on the target sheet 1, the discrete target hole 15 on the discrete target pressure plate 5, and the pin hole 22 on the target plate frame 2 to achieve the connection between the discrete target carrier 3 and the target plate frame 2. Then, insert bolts into the plate hole 52 on the discrete target pressure plate 5 and the target plate hole 32 on the target plate frame 2 to achieve a fixed connection between the discrete target carrier 3 and the target plate frame 2, completing the assembly of the discrete detachable laser target plate. Finally, connect the target plate frame 2 to the large frame outside the target plate through the holes 21 around the target plate frame 2 to form a target shooting assembly. Figure 10-11 shown.

[0104] According to the present invention, a target material is placed in the target hole 13 in the target piece 1 described in the first aspect or the target hole 13 in the target piece 1 on the target disk described in the second aspect, and the target material is irradiated with a laser to gather protons in the target material, and the protons in the target material are excited to obtain a proton beam.

[0105] When the laser bombards the target material, the target hole 13 is moved according to the target position required so that the laser directly hits the target material to complete the generation of the proton beam.

[0106] In the present invention, when the laser bombards the target material, the high-power laser is irradiated on the target material, which will generate a large amount of energy. With the help of the truncated cone structure of the target hole 13, more energy is reflected at the truncated cone surface to prevent the energy from being transmitted to the adjacent target hole 13, effectively protecting the surrounding un-hit target materials, thereby improving the survival rate and utilization rate of the target material; the target pieces 1 matched with the separate target pressure plate 5 do not contact each other, which not only makes the installation between the target piece 1 and the discrete target pressure plate 5 more stable, but more importantly, it plays a role in blocking heat conduction, so that after a target piece 1 is hit by the laser to generate energy, the energy will not be transmitted to the adjacent separated target piece 1, further avoiding energy accumulation.

[0107] Furthermore, in this process, a high-intensity, quasi-monoenergetic, high-quality proton beam was obtained, meeting the requirements of proton knife diagnosis and treatment.

[0108] In the present invention, when using the target piece described in the first aspect or the target plate described in the second aspect for target shooting, each component is detachable, which is convenient for installation and use.

[0109] The present invention is further described in detail below through examples.

[0110] Example

[0111] Example 1

[0112] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, a rectangular target plate 1 for heavy-frequency laser targeting consists of two metal plates 11 and an insulating plate 12 sandwiched therebetween. The metal plate 11 is made of stainless steel with a thickness of 2 mm, and the insulating plate 12 is made of ceramic with a thickness of 0.7 mm. Four target plate holes 15 are symmetrically arranged on the target plate 1, and 24 target holes 13 are arranged in a dot matrix with 6 target holes 13 per row and a total of 4 rows. The spacing between the center points of two adjacent target holes 13 in the same row and column is 10 mm; the part of the target hole 13 on the metal plate 11 is composed of a cylinder and a frustum, the angle between the busbar of the frustum and the central axis is 45°, the height of the cylinder is 0.6 mm, and the aperture is 5 mm. The part of the target hole 13 on the insulating plate 12 is cylindrical with an aperture of 7 mm, and a polyethylene nanofilm target material is placed on the target hole 13.

[0113] like Figures 5 to 9 As shown, the discrete target pressure plate 5 has a protruding portion around it, and a plate hole 52 is provided on the protruding portion. The discrete target pressure plate 5 is also provided with four slots consisting of two small target slots 55 and one large target slot 54. The large target slot 54 is located between the two small target slots 55. Two positioning holes 51 are respectively provided on the positioning portion between the large target slot 54 and the small target slot 55. A target piece 1 can be installed on each slot; the above four rectangular target pieces 1 and the discrete target pressure plate 5 are assembled into a discrete target carrier 3 through the positioning pins 4, and then the discrete target carriers 3 are installed independently on the target disk frame 2. Figure 5-6 It can be seen that the protruding portion on the discrete target pressure plate 5 and the non-protruding portion on the adjacent discrete target pressure plate 5 are coupled with each other to achieve seamless connection. Figure 5-6 The target plate frame 2 shown is a frame structure that can be used in conjunction with 6 discrete target carriers 3. The above 6 discrete target carriers 3 and the target plate frame 2 are fixedly installed to form a target plate for repeated laser target shooting; Figure 10-11 As shown, the target frame 2 is connected to the large frame outside the target plate through the holes 21 on the periphery of the target plate to form a target assembly.

[0114] The target material in the target hole 13 is irradiated with laser light. The parallel laser beam is focused into a focal spot within 10 μm by the focusing optical element. All the laser energy is focused in the focal spot and produces a relativistic light intensity (>10 18 W / cm 2 ), the laser at the focus interacts with the ultra-thin nano-target to achieve laser targeting.

[0115] After the target shooting is completed, observe the surrounding unshot target materials of the target irradiated by the laser, that is, whether the surrounding brother target materials (polyethylene nanofilm) are damaged. Figure 12 The following is a photo of the target material obtained after the shooting. It can be clearly seen in the photo that there is a small hole in the middle of the target, that is, there are traces of shooting, while the surrounding targets are intact.

[0116] Comparative Example

[0117] Comparative Example 1

[0118] Repetitive laser targeting is performed in a manner similar to Example 1, with the following difference: the target sheet 1 is only a metal sheet 11, that is, the polyethylene nanofilm target material is supported by only a metal sheet 11, the material of the metal sheet 11 is stainless steel, the thickness is 2 mm, the target hole 13 on the target sheet 11 is cylindrical, and the aperture of the target hole 13 is 5 mm.

[0119] Figure 13 The figure shows the target material damage photo obtained after the target shooting. It can be seen from the figure that after the laser target shooting, the surrounding brother target materials were burned. This is because the plasma spread to the surrounding area, which in turn caused serious damage to the surrounding brother target materials.

[0120] Comparative Example 2

[0121] The repetitive laser targeting is performed in a manner similar to that of Example 1, except that the insulating sheet 12 is replaced by a metal sheet made of the same material as the metal sheet 11 .

[0122] Figure 14 A photo of the metal sheet (without the target material placed on it) obtained after the target shooting is completed is shown. As can be seen in the photo, the metal sheet 12 has obvious burn marks and has been deformed, indicating that during the laser target shooting process, the entire metal sheet 12 becomes a high thermal conductivity material, and the heat generated is conducted and spread on the metal sheet 12, causing the metal sheet 12 to burn and deform, and causing damage to the surrounding brother targets.

[0123] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" and the like, indicating positions or locations, are based on the operating state of the present invention and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0124] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to preferred embodiments and exemplary examples. However, it should be noted that these specific embodiments are merely illustrative explanations of the present invention and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Various improvements, equivalent substitutions, or modifications may be made to the technical content of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of protection of the present invention, and all of these fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A target piece for high-frequency laser target shooting that prevents surrounding untargeted materials from being burned, the target piece (1) comprising two metal pieces (11) and an insulating piece (12) sandwiched therebetween, a target hole (13) and a threaded hole (14) being provided on the target piece (1), the metal piece (11) and the insulating piece (12) being assembled by installing bolts in the threaded hole (14) to obtain the target piece.

2. The target sheet according to claim 1, wherein the material of the metal sheet (11) is selected from pure metal or alloy; the material of the insulating sheet (12) is selected from any one or more of ceramic, Teflon, silicon-based sheet, and organosilicon mica. 3 . The target according to claim 2 , wherein the pure metal is selected from titanium, nickel, chromium, and zirconium, and the alloy is selected from gold-indium, stainless steel, nickel-chromium, and titanium-aluminum.

4. The target sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the portion of the target hole (13) on the metal sheet (11) is composed of a cylinder and a truncated cone, the aperture of the cylinder is the same as the aperture of the small hole (111) in contact with the truncated cone, and the portion of the target hole (13) on the insulating sheet (12) is cylindrical.

5. The target piece according to claim 4, wherein the angle between the truncated cone generatrix and the central axis is 5-70°.

6. The target piece according to claim 4, wherein the thickness of the target piece (1) is 1-10 mm, wherein: The thickness of the metal sheet (11) is 0.4-4 mm, and the thickness of the insulating sheet (12) is 0.1-2 mm.

7. A removable laser target plate for high-frequency laser target shooting, characterized in that: The target disc comprises a target disc frame (2) and a discrete target carrier (3), wherein the discrete target carrier (3) is mounted on the target disc frame (2) by bolts; the discrete target carrier (3) comprises a target piece (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and a discrete target pressure plate (5).

8. The laser target according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of discrete target carriers (3) are independently mounted on the target disc frame (2), and the number of the discrete target carriers (3) is more than two.

9. The laser target according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of the discrete target carriers (3) is 2 to 8.

10. The laser target according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The target piece (1) and the discrete target pressure plate (5) are movably connected, and the target piece (1) and the discrete target pressure plate (5) are assembled into a discrete target carrier (3) via a positioning pin (4).

11. The laser target disk according to claim 10, characterized in that: A plurality of target pieces (1) are independently mounted on a separate target pressure plate (5), and the number of the target pieces (1) is 2 to 12.

12. The laser target disk according to claim 11, characterized in that: The target pieces (1) do not contact each other on the separate target pressure plate (5), and plate holes (52) are provided at positions on the separate target pressure plate (5) where the target pieces (1) do not contact each other, for fixed installation with the target plate frame (2).

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