Battery cell, battery module, and electric device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide an electric core, a battery module, a battery pack and a power utilization device. The electric core can include an electric core shell and a burst film with a lower melting point than the electric core shell, so that the burst film can melt preferentially when the electric core overheats. The electric core shell can include, from inside to outside, an encapsulation layer, a heat conduction layer and an insulation layer, and the heat conduction layer is wrapped around the outer periphery of the encapsulation layer to transfer heat to other electric cores.

Claims

1. An electric cell (131), characterized by, The battery includes a battery cell housing (133), a bursting membrane (134), and an electrode. The battery cell housing (133) is used to house the electrode and has an opening (135). The bursting membrane (134) covers the opening (135). The battery cell housing (133) includes an encapsulation layer (210), a thermally conductive layer (220), and an insulating layer (230); the encapsulation layer (210) is located on the side of the battery cell housing (133) closer to the electrode; the insulating layer (230) is located on the side of the battery cell housing (133) away from the electrode; the thermally conductive layer (220) is located between the encapsulation layer (210) and the insulating layer (230), the thermally conductive layer (220) includes a first thermally conductive wall, a second thermally conductive wall, and a third thermally conductive wall, the first thermally conductive wall and the second thermally conductive wall being opposite to the surface of the battery cell housing (133) for stacking adjacent battery cells (131), and the first thermally conductive wall and the second thermally conductive wall being opposite to different surfaces of the battery cell housing (133), the third thermally conductive wall being connected between the first thermally conductive wall and the second thermally conductive wall; the melting point of the bursting membrane (134) is lower than the melting point of the encapsulation layer (210); The encapsulation layer (210) includes an encapsulation layer through-hole (217), and the rupture membrane (134) covers the encapsulation layer through-hole (217) on the side of the encapsulation layer (210) near the thermal conductive layer (220) and is sealed to the encapsulation layer (210); the insulating layer (230) includes an insulating layer through-hole (237) disposed opposite to the encapsulation layer through-hole (217), and the rupture membrane (134) covers the insulating layer through-hole (237) on the side of the insulating layer (230) near the encapsulation layer (210) and is connected to the insulating layer (230); or, the rupture membrane (134) is in contact with the thermal conductive layer (220).

2. The electric cell (131) according to claim 1, characterized in that The first heat-conducting wall (221) and the second heat-conducting wall (222) are opposite to the surface with the largest area of ​​the cell casing (133).

3. The electric cell (131) according to claim 2, characterized in that The first heat-conducting wall (221) and the second heat-conducting wall (222) are opposite to the central region of the surface with the largest area.

4. The battery cell (131) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third heat-conducting wall (223 / 224) is opposite to the side of the cell casing (133), and the area of ​​the side is greater than the area of ​​the smallest surface of the cell casing (133).

5. The battery cell (131) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thermal conductive layer (220) further includes a fourth thermal conductive wall (225 / 226), which is connected between the first thermal conductive wall (221) and the second thermal conductive wall (222), and the fourth thermal conductive wall (225 / 226) is opposite to the surface with the smallest area of ​​the cell casing (133).

6. The battery cell (131) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The encapsulation layer (210) includes an encapsulation layer through hole (217), and the bursting membrane (134) covers the encapsulation layer through hole (217) on the side of the encapsulation layer (210) near the heat-conducting layer (220) and is sealed to the encapsulation layer (210). The thermal conductive layer (220) includes a thermal conductive layer through hole (227) disposed opposite to the encapsulation layer through hole (217). The bursting membrane (134) covers the thermal conductive layer through hole (227) on the side of the thermal conductive layer (220) near the encapsulation layer (210) and is connected to the thermal conductive layer (220). The insulating layer (230) includes an insulating layer through hole (237) disposed opposite to the encapsulation layer through hole (217), and the insulating layer through hole (237) communicates with the thermal conductive layer through hole (227).

7. The battery cell (131) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The encapsulation layer (210) includes an encapsulation layer via (217); The thermally conductive layer (220) includes a thermally conductive layer through-hole (227) disposed opposite to the encapsulation layer through-hole (217), the thermally conductive layer through-hole (227) communicating with the encapsulation layer through-hole (217), the bursting membrane (134) covers the thermally conductive layer through-hole (227) on the side of the thermally conductive layer (220) near the insulating layer (230) and is sealed to the encapsulation layer (210); The insulating layer (230) includes an insulating layer through hole (237) disposed opposite to the heat-conducting layer through hole (227). The bursting membrane (134) covers the insulating layer through hole (237) on the side of the insulating layer (230) near the heat-conducting layer (220) and is connected to the insulating layer (230).

8. The battery cell (131) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The material of the encapsulation layer (210) is 3-series aluminum alloy, and the material of the bursting membrane (134) is any one of the following: Al-Zn, Al-Sn, or 7-series aluminum alloy.

9. The battery cell (131) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The difference in melting points between the encapsulation layer (210) and the bursting membrane (134) is 70~200℃.

10. The battery cell (131) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The material of the thermally conductive layer (220) is any one of the following: graphene, thermally conductive graphite, or copper.

11. The battery cell (131) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive layer (220) is greater than 1000 W / (m·K).

12. The battery cell (131) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The ratio of the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive layer (220) to that of the encapsulation layer (210) is greater than 5.

13. The battery cell (131) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The thickness of the thermally conductive layer (220) is 0.01~1mm.

14. The battery cell (131) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The battery cell (131) also includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal; the positive terminal, the negative terminal and the rupture membrane (134) are located on the same side of the battery cell (131), and the rupture membrane (134) is located between the positive terminal and the negative terminal.

15. The battery cell (131) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The battery cell (131) also includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal, which are located on opposite sides of the battery cell (131). The rupture membrane (134) and the positive terminal are located on the same side of the battery cell (131), or the rupture membrane (134) and the negative terminal are located on the same side of the battery cell (131).

16. A battery module, characterized in that, It includes one or more battery cells (131) as described in any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. An electrical device, characterized in that, Includes the battery module as described in claim 16.

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