A cyclonic separation monomer, separation device, separation system and method of use

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of cyclone separation monomer, separation device, separation system and use method, belong to separation technical field.The separation cylinder side wall is equipped with several primary dust discharging ports, and the lower part of separation cylinder is also surrounded with the dust discharging cone with open lower end, all primary dust discharging ports are located in the dust discharging cone, the lower exhaust pipe passes through the open end of dust discharging cone and extends to the outside of dust discharging cone, and the lower exhaust pipe and the open end of dust discharging cone form secondary dust discharging and discharging port;The side wall of dust discharging cone is equipped with secondary dust discharging port below primary dust discharging port, and the opening direction of secondary dust discharging port, upper exhaust slot and lower exhaust slot is opposite to the opening direction of primary dust discharging port.Solve the technical problems of high energy consumption of existing switchable cyclone separator and low separation efficiency of multiple parallel cyclone separation monomers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of separation technology, specifically to a cyclone separator, a separation device, a separation system, and a method of use. Background Technology

[0002] Cyclone separators are classified into counter-current cyclone separators and direct-flow cyclone separators based on their separation method. Counter-current cyclone separators are characterized by high efficiency and relatively high pressure drop, making them suitable for separating smaller, more expensive particles. Direct-flow cyclone separators, on the other hand, do not have internal swirl, thus avoiding dust back-mixing and entrainment caused by the gas rising in the counter-current center in a single tube. They also feature low pressure drop, simple structure, and uniform gas distribution, but their separation efficiency is relatively lower, making them suitable for applications with high energy-saving requirements.

[0003] In actual separation processes, when the solid particles or droplets in the gas to be separated become smaller, the separation efficiency needs to be improved, or the energy-saving indicators of the separation site need to be improved, it is necessary to switch between direct-flow cyclone separators and counter-flow cyclone separators. However, existing switchable cyclone separators combine the two types of separators together, which prolongs the separation process in actual use. It is necessary to add rotating parts at the bottom of the separation cylinder to enhance the centrifugal force of the gas to be separated to ensure the separation effect, resulting in higher energy consumption.

[0004] Moreover, the throughput of a single cyclone separator is typically 2000 Nm³. 3 / h, compared to large industrial plants, such as the third-stage cyclone separator in catalytic cracking, its flue gas processing capacity is generally 10 5 m 3 For flow rates above a certain threshold, a single cyclone separator cannot meet the gas separation requirements, necessitating the parallel connection of multiple cyclone separators. However, this parallel connection results in uneven flow distribution and significant pressure drop variations. The closer a cyclone separator is to the inlet, the greater the intake volume and the higher the pressure drop. Conversely, the farther a cyclone separator is from the inlet, the smaller the intake volume and the lower the pressure drop. A lower pressure drop corresponds to a lower separation efficiency for the individual cyclone separators, leading to even lower separation efficiency for those farther from the inlet. Consequently, the combined efficiency of the parallel cyclone separators is not high. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems of high energy consumption, low separation efficiency, and inability to switch between existing combined cyclone separators, this invention provides a cyclone separator unit, a separation device, a separation system, and a method of use.

[0006] The specific solution adopted in this invention is a cyclone separator unit, including a separator cylinder closed at one end and an upper exhaust pipe with an upper exhaust valve. The upper exhaust pipe is concentrically inserted into the separator cylinder from the open end at the top. An air inlet with a guide vane structure is installed between the side wall of the upper exhaust pipe and the separator cylinder. The end of the upper exhaust pipe located inside the separator cylinder is connected to an upper exhaust cone with an upper exhaust slit. A lower exhaust pipe with a lower exhaust valve passes through the bottom end of the separator cylinder. The end of the lower exhaust pipe located inside the separator cylinder is connected to a lower exhaust cone with a lower exhaust slit. The separator cylinder surrounds the lower exhaust pipe. The lower sidewall of the body has several primary dust discharge ports with the same opening direction as the air intake rotation direction, and the lower exhaust cone is located above the primary dust discharge ports. The lower part of the separation cylinder is surrounded by a dust discharge cone with an open lower end. All primary dust discharge ports are located inside the dust discharge cone. The lower exhaust pipe passes concentrically through the opening end of the dust discharge cone and extends to the outside of the dust discharge cone. A secondary dust discharge port is formed between the lower exhaust pipe and the opening end of the dust discharge cone. The sidewall of the dust discharge cone has a secondary dust discharge port located below the primary dust discharge ports, and the opening direction of the secondary dust discharge port, the upper exhaust slit, and the lower exhaust slit is opposite to the opening direction of the primary dust discharge port.

[0007] As an optimized scheme for the above-mentioned cyclone separator unit, the primary dust discharge port is a side slit with an angle γ to the horizontal direction, 0 < γ < 90°, the total area of ​​the side slit is S5, the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower exhaust pipe is S6, the cross-sectional area of ​​the separation cylinder is S1, and S5 / (S1-S6) = 0.2~1.0; the ratio of the height of the side slit of the primary dust discharge port to the height of the separation cylinder is h8 / h = 0.1~0.2.

[0008] As an optimized solution for the aforementioned cyclone separator unit, the dust discharge cone is a cylinder formed by a cylindrical section and a conical section, and a cover plate is provided at the end of the cylinder near the cylindrical section to form a cavity with an opening at the lower end. The secondary dust discharge port is located on the conical section. The secondary dust discharge port and the primary dust discharge port have the same size but opposite rotation direction. The separator cylinder and the cylindrical section are coaxial and extend into the cylindrical section, and the primary dust discharge port is located in the cylindrical section.

[0009] As an optimized solution for the aforementioned cyclone separator, the ratio of the diameter of the cylindrical section to the diameter of the separator cylinder is d9 / d = 1.5~2.0, and the ratio of the depth of the separator cylinder inserted into the dust discharge cone to the height of the cylindrical section is h9 / h. 10 =0.5~1.0; the ratio h of the height of the conical section to the height of the cylindrical section 11 / h 10 =0.5~1.5.

[0010] As an optimized scheme for the aforementioned cyclone separator, the ratio of the diameter of the upper exhaust pipe to the diameter of the separator cylinder, d3 / d, and the ratio of the diameter of the lower exhaust pipe to the diameter of the separator cylinder, d7 / d, are both 0.1~0.9; the heights of the upper and lower exhaust pipes inserted into the separator cylinder are h6 and h3, respectively; the heights of the upper and lower exhaust cones are h7 and h5, respectively; and (h6+h7) / h and (h3+h5) / h are both 0.1~0.5.

[0011] As an optimized scheme for the above-mentioned cyclone separator unit, the upper exhaust slit or the lower exhaust slit is a side slit at an angle α to the horizontal plane, 0 < α < 90°, and the angle between the upper exhaust slit or the lower exhaust slit and the horizontal plane may be the same or different. There are multiple side slits, the total area of ​​the upper exhaust slit or the lower exhaust slit is S4, the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower opening of the upper exhaust cone or the cross-sectional area of ​​the upper opening of the lower exhaust cone is S3, the cross-sectional area of ​​the separation cylinder is S1, and S4 / (S1-S3) = 0.2~1.0.

[0012] As an optimized scheme for the above-mentioned cyclone separator, the ratio of the upper diameter to the lower diameter of the upper exhaust cone is d4 / d3=0.2~1.0, the ratio of the upper diameter to the lower diameter of the lower exhaust cone is d6 / d7=0.15~1.0, and the upper diameter of the upper exhaust cone and the lower diameter of the lower exhaust cone are the same as the diameter of the upper exhaust pipe or the lower exhaust pipe, respectively.

[0013] As an optimized solution for the aforementioned cyclone separator unit, the diameter of the small end of the air inlet is the same as the diameter of the separator cylinder, and a trumpet-shaped gas guide plate is provided around it. The large end faces the upper exhaust pipe. The ratio of the diameter of the large end to the small end is d1 / d2=1.5~5, and the diameter of the small end is the same as the diameter of the separator cylinder. The ratio of the height of the guide plate to the height of the separator cylinder is h1 / h=0.1~0.5. The ratio of the height of the air inlet to the height of the upper exhaust pipe inserted into the separator cylinder is h4 / h3=0.2~1.0.

[0014] A separation device includes a cyclone separator shell and an inlet pipe and a discharge pipe located at the top and bottom of the cyclone separator shell, respectively. A gas distribution plate and a partition are provided inside the cyclone separator shell, dividing the inner cavity of the cyclone separator shell from top to bottom into a first-stage gas distribution chamber, a second-stage gas distribution chamber, and a first-stage dust collection chamber. A plurality of cyclone separator units are inserted inside the cyclone separator shell. The upper exhaust pipe of each cyclone separator unit passes through the opening area of ​​the gas distribution plate and the cyclone separator shell, extending to the top of the cyclone separator shell. The lower exhaust pipe of each cyclone separator unit passes through the cyclone separator shell and extends to the bottom of the cyclone separator shell. The air inlet of each cyclone separator unit is located in the second-stage gas distribution chamber, and both the first-stage and second-stage dust discharge ports are located in the first-stage dust collection chamber.

[0015] As an optimized solution of the above-mentioned separation device, the cyclone separator shell is a closed structure formed by an upper end cap, a lower end cap, and a cylinder. The air inlet pipe is set on the upper end cap, the discharge pipe is set on the lower end cap, and an inner baffle is set on the lower end face of the baffle, which evenly divides the first-stage dust collection chamber into four dust collection zones. The bottom end of the dust discharge cone is above the lower end of the inner baffle, and the lower end of the inner baffle does not exceed the upper end face of the lower end cap.

[0016] As an optimized solution of the above-mentioned separation device, the partition is composed of a cone and a circular plate located at the small end of the cone, and the angle between the cone and the horizontal plane is 30°~70°.

[0017] As an optimized solution for the above-mentioned separation device, the opening area is circular, with several circular air inlets of 1-5mm in diameter evenly distributed on it, and the opening area of ​​each opening area is larger than the area of ​​the large opening end of the gas guide plate.

[0018] A separation system includes a data acquisition and control system, a cyclone separator device, and a second-stage dust collection chamber. The data acquisition and control system is connected to an upper exhaust valve and a lower exhaust valve, respectively. The upper exhaust pipe and the lower exhaust pipe are connected to the air inlet of the second-stage dust collection chamber located on the side wall of the second-stage dust collection chamber via a tee and a reducing joint. The top and bottom ends of the second-stage dust collection chamber are respectively connected to the exhaust pipe of the second-stage dust collection chamber and the unloading pipe of the second-stage dust collection chamber.

[0019] A method of using a separation system, based on the cyclone separator system, includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. Determine the separation method of the cyclone separator unit.

[0021] S11. When the separation efficiency requirement is high and the amount of solid or liquid to be separated is small, switch the cyclone separator to countercurrent flow.

[0022] S12. When the separation efficiency requirement is low or the pressure drop is low, switch the cyclone separator unit to DC type.

[0023] S2. Determine the number of cyclone separator units to be activated.

[0024] The data acquisition and control system calculates the required number of cyclone separators based on the amount of flue gas to be treated, and controls the corresponding number of cyclone separators to be turned on.

[0025] S3. The gas to be separated enters the first-stage gas distribution chamber through the inlet pipe and is then distributed. The gas to be separated then enters the second-stage gas distribution chamber through the opening area and then enters the cyclone separator unit through the inlet for separation. The separated particles or liquid are discharged from the discharge pipe, and the separated gas is discharged from the upper exhaust pipe or the lower exhaust pipe.

[0026] S4. After separation, the gas enters the second-stage dust collection chamber through the three-way valve for further separation. Finally, the clean gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe of the second-stage dust collection chamber, and the particles or liquid are discharged from the unloading pipe of the second-stage dust collection chamber.

[0027] As an optimized method of using the above separation system, in S11, the lower exhaust pipe valve is closed and the upper exhaust pipe valve is opened; in S12, the upper exhaust pipe valve is closed and the lower exhaust pipe valve is opened, and S11 and S12 are executed separately.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0029] 1. The cyclone separator of the present invention switches the separation mode of the cyclone separator to direct flow or counterflow by controlling the opening and closing of the upper exhaust pipe valve or the lower exhaust pipe valve. A dust discharge cone with an open lower end is provided around the lower part of the separator body. A secondary dust discharge port for dust discharge is formed between the lower exhaust pipe and the opening end of the dust discharge cone. The side wall of the dust discharge cone also has a secondary dust discharge port. The opening direction of the secondary dust discharge port, the upper exhaust cone and the lower exhaust cone are all opposite to the opening direction of the primary dust discharge port. By having the upper exhaust cone or the lower exhaust cone and the secondary dust discharge port open in opposite directions, the gas separated from the primary dust discharge port is forced to flow through the secondary dust discharge port and the upper exhaust cone or the lower exhaust cone, which enhances the dust separation effect. This not only meets the requirements for switching the separation mode, but also eliminates the need for external power components to enhance the gas separation speed, thus reducing separation energy consumption.

[0030] 2. In the separation device of the present invention, the cyclone separator shell is divided into a first-stage gas distribution chamber, a second-stage gas distribution chamber, and a first-stage dust collection chamber. The cyclone separator unit is installed through the cyclone separator shell, with the air inlet located in the first-stage gas distribution chamber and the dust outlet located in the first-stage dust collection chamber. The first-stage gas distribution chamber allows the airflow to be evenly distributed before entering each cyclone separator unit, reducing cross-flow and back mixing. The first-stage dust collection chamber and the first-stage gas distribution chamber or the second-stage gas distribution chamber are forcibly separated to prevent dust back mixing and improve separation efficiency.

[0031] 3. The separation system of the present invention selects different separation methods according to the specific requirements of the separation site, and activates a corresponding number of cyclone separator units based on the amount of flue gas to be treated, so as to meet the requirements of separation environment and energy saving. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cyclone separator in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the exhaust cone shown in the image;

[0034] Figure 3This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the separation cylinder;

[0035] Figure 4 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the dust extraction cone;

[0036] Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the secondary dust discharge port;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the separation device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a top view of the inner partition;

[0039] Figure 8 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the opening area;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the separation system in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0041] In the attached diagram: 1. Separator cylinder; 101. Air inlet; 1011. Guide vane; 102. Primary dust discharge port; 103. Upper exhaust pipe; 1031. Upper exhaust pipe valve; 1032. Upper exhaust cone; 104. Lower exhaust pipe; 1041. Lower exhaust pipe valve; 1042. Lower exhaust cone; 105. Dust discharge cone; 1051. Upper top plate; 1052. Cylindrical section; 1053. Conical section; 1054. Secondary dust discharge port; 106. Baffle plate; 107. Secondary dust discharge outlet; 2. Cyclone separator shell; 201. Upper... 1. End cap, 202. Lower end cap, 203. Cylinder, 3. Inlet pipe, 4. Discharge pipe, 5. Gas distribution plate, 501. Opening area, 6. Baffle, 601. Inner baffle, 7. First-stage gas distribution chamber, 8. Second-stage gas distribution chamber, 9. First-stage dust collection chamber, 10. Data acquisition and control system, 11. Tee, 12. Reducing joint, 14. Second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder, 1401. Second-stage dust collection chamber inlet, 1402. Second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder exhaust pipe, 1403. Second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder discharge pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Parts not described or disclosed in detail in the following embodiments of the present invention should be understood as prior art known or should be known by those skilled in the art. For example, the data acquisition and control system 10 can calculate the number of cyclone separators that need to be opened according to the amount of flue gas treated. Both the air inlet pipe 3 and the discharge pipe 4 are equipped with shut-off valves, which control their opening or closing. The secondary dust discharge port 1054 is connected to a dust collection bin. The first-stage dust collection chamber 9 in the separation device is equivalent to a bin, which facilitates the rapid reduction of the airflow velocity entering the bin through the secondary dust discharge port 107, so that the dust particles remain in the bin under the action of inertia.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is similar to conventional prior art in that the cyclone separator unit includes a separator cylinder 1 and an upper exhaust pipe 103 with an upper exhaust valve 1031. The separator cylinder 1 is a cylinder closed at one end. The upper exhaust pipe 103 is inserted into the separator cylinder 1 concentrically from the open end at the top of the separator cylinder 1. An air inlet 101 with a guide vane 101 structure is installed between the side wall of the upper exhaust pipe 103 and the separator cylinder 1. The guide vane 1011 is a spiral vane and can realize axial air intake or tangential air intake, so that the gas to be separated can enter the separator cylinder 1 in a clockwise and counterclockwise direction for separation. The upper exhaust pipe 103 located inside the separation cylinder 1 is connected to an upper exhaust cone 1032 with an upper exhaust slit at its end. The bottom end of the separation cylinder 1 is provided with a lower exhaust pipe 104 having a lower exhaust pipe valve 1041. The lower exhaust pipe 104 located inside the separation cylinder 1 is connected to a lower exhaust cone 1042 with a lower exhaust slit at its end. Several primary dust discharge ports 102 are opened on the bottom side wall of the separation cylinder 1 surrounding the lower exhaust pipe 104, with the opening direction being the same as the air intake rotation direction. The several primary dust discharge ports 102 are evenly distributed on the separation cylinder 1, and the lower exhaust cone 1042 is located above the primary dust discharge ports 102.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, unlike the prior art, the lower part of the separation cylinder 1 is surrounded by a dust discharge cone 105. The dust discharge cone 105 is a hollow cavity with an opening at the bottom. All primary dust discharge ports 102 are located inside the dust discharge cone 105. The lower exhaust pipe 104 passes concentrically through the opening end of the dust discharge cone 105 and extends to the outside of the dust discharge cone 105. A secondary dust discharge port 107 is formed between the lower exhaust pipe 104 and the opening end of the dust discharge cone 105. The lower exhaust pipe 104, the separation cylinder 1, and the dust discharge cone 105 are coaxial. Several secondary dust discharge ports 1054 located below the primary dust discharge ports 102 are opened on the side wall of the dust discharge cone 105. The opening direction of the secondary dust discharge ports 1054, the upper exhaust slit, and the lower exhaust slit are all opposite to the opening direction of the primary dust discharge ports 102. The opening direction of the primary dust discharge ports 102 is the same as the air intake rotation direction.

[0046] During counter-current separation, the upper exhaust valve 1031 is opened and the lower exhaust valve 1041 is closed. After the gas to be separated is swirled and guided by the guide vanes 1011 of the inlet 101, it rotates into the separation cylinder 1. When the swirling airflow enters the bottom of the separation cylinder 1, most of the dust particles are separated. A small portion of the separated dust particles are carried by the gas through the primary dust discharge port 102 and discharged into the dust discharge cone 105. After being further separated by the secondary dust discharge port 1054, the dust particles are discharged into the silo through the secondary dust discharge outlet 107. The primary dust discharge port 102 rotates in the same direction as the airflow, facilitating the discharge of separated solid particles. The secondary dust discharge port 1054 rotates in the opposite direction to the airflow. When the dust-laden gas is discharged, the flow direction changes drastically, and the resulting inertial effect further enhances the separation of this part of the gas and dust particles. The particles are discharged from the secondary dust discharge port 107 and enter the silo. Since the diameter of the silo is much larger than the diameter of the lower opening of the dust discharge cone 105, the gas carrying the particles enters the silo, causing the velocity of this part of the gas to decrease rapidly. Under the action of inertia, the separation of dust particles is achieved.

[0047] When a portion of the dust-laden gas returns through the secondary dust discharge port 1054 and the primary dust discharge port 102, the rotation direction of this portion of the dust-laden gas is opposite to the opening direction of the primary dust discharge port 102. The flow direction changes drastically upon return, and the resulting inertial effect further enhances the separation of dust particles within this portion of the dust-laden gas. The separated dust particles are then discharged through the secondary dust discharge port 107, reducing backmixing and improving separation efficiency. When this portion of gas exits the cyclone separator unit through the upper exhaust cone 1032, the opening direction of the upper exhaust cone 1032 is opposite to the rotation direction of the gas. The flow direction of the dust-laden gas changes drastically again upon discharge, and the resulting inertial effect further enhances the separation of this portion of the gas and dust particles. Finally, the clean gas is discharged through the upper exhaust cone 1032 and the upper exhaust pipe 103. At this time, the lower exhaust cone 1042 acts as a guide.

[0048] During direct-flow separation, the upper exhaust valve 1031 is closed and the lower exhaust valve 1041 is open. The gas to be separated enters the separation cylinder 1 through the swirling guide inlet 101. When the swirling airflow enters the bottom of the separation cylinder 1, most of the dust particles are separated. A small portion of the separated dust particles are carried by the gas through the primary dust discharge port 102 into the dust discharge cone 105, and then discharged into the hopper through the secondary dust discharge outlet 107. The primary dust discharge port 102 rotates in the same direction as the airflow, facilitating the discharge of the separated solid particles. The secondary dust discharge port 1054 rotates in the opposite direction to the airflow. The flow direction of the dust-laden gas changes drastically when it is discharged, and the resulting inertia further strengthens the separation of this part of the gas and dust particles. The particles are discharged from the secondary dust discharge outlet 107 and enter the hopper. Since the diameter of the hopper is much larger than the diameter of the dust discharge cone 105, the gas carrying the particles enters the hopper, causing the velocity of this part of the gas to decrease rapidly. Under the action of inertia, the separation of dust particles is achieved.

[0049] When this portion of dust-laden gas returns through the secondary dust discharge port 1054 and the primary dust discharge port 102, the rotation direction of this portion of dust-laden gas is opposite to the opening direction of the primary dust discharge port 102. The flow direction changes drastically upon return, and the resulting inertial effect further enhances the separation of dust particles within this portion of dust-laden gas, reducing back-mixing and improving separation efficiency. When this portion of dust-laden gas is discharged from the cyclone separator unit through the lower exhaust cone 1042, the opening direction of the lower exhaust cone 1042 is opposite to the gas rotation direction. The flow direction of the dust-laden gas changes drastically again upon discharge, and the resulting inertial effect further enhances the separation of this portion of gas and dust particles. Finally, the clean gas is discharged through the lower exhaust cone 1042 and the lower exhaust pipe 104. At this time, the upper exhaust cone 1032 plays a guiding role.

[0050] Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, the separator 1 is a cylindrical body with an open top and a closed bottom, and its diameter d = 100~300mm, in this embodiment d = 280mm. The height of the separator 1 is h, h = 500~1000mm, in this embodiment h = 900mm. The cross-sectional area of ​​the separator 1 is S1. A trumpet-shaped gas guide plate 106 is provided around the outside of the air inlet 101. The larger end of the guide plate 106 faces the upper exhaust pipe 103. The diameter of the smaller end of the guide plate 106 is the same as the diameter of the separator 1, i.e., d2 = d; the diameter of the larger end of the guide plate 106 is d. 2， Furthermore, the ratio of the diameter of the larger end to the diameter of the smaller end, d1 / d2, is 1.5~5; in this embodiment, d1 / d2 = 3. The ratio of the height of the guide plate 106 to the height of the separation cylinder 1, h1 / h, is 0.1~0.5; in this embodiment, h1 / h = 0.4. The height of the air inlet 101 is h. 4， The height to which the upper exhaust pipe 103 is inserted into the separation cylinder 1 is h. 3，And h4 / h3 = 0.2~1.0, in this embodiment h4 / h3 = 0.5.

[0051] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown, the primary dust discharge port 102 is a side slit at an angle γ to the horizontal direction, where 0 < γ < 90°. The total area of ​​the side slit is S5, the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower exhaust pipe 104 is S6, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the separation cylinder 1 is S1. S5 / (S1-S6) = 0.2~1.0. In this embodiment, S5 / (S1-S6) = 0.8. The ratio of the height of the side slit of the primary dust discharge port 102 to the height of the separation cylinder 1 is h8 / h = 0.1~0.2. In this embodiment, h8 / h = 0.15.

[0052] The diameters of the upper exhaust pipe 103 and the lower exhaust pipe 104 can be the same or different, but the ratio of the diameter of the upper exhaust pipe 103 to the diameter of the separation cylinder 1 is the same as the ratio of the diameter of the lower exhaust pipe 104 to the diameter of the separation cylinder 1, that is, d3 / d=d7 / d=0.1~0.9, and in this embodiment d3 / d=d7 / d=0.8; the heights of the upper exhaust pipe 103 and the lower exhaust pipe 104 inserted into the separation cylinder 1 are h6 and h3 respectively, and the heights of the upper exhaust cone 1032 and the lower exhaust cone 1042 are h7 and h5 respectively, and (h6+h7) / h and (h3+h5) / h are both 0.1~0.5, and in this embodiment it is 0.3.

[0053] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, the upper exhaust cone 1032 is located at the bottom end of the upper exhaust pipe 103, and the lower exhaust cone 1042 is located at the top end of the lower exhaust pipe 104. Both the upper exhaust cone 1032 and the lower exhaust cone 1042 are located inside the separation cylinder 1. The upper exhaust slit of the upper exhaust cone 1032 or the lower exhaust slit of the lower exhaust cone 1042 are side slits at an angle α to the horizontal direction, where 0 < α < 90°. The angle between the upper exhaust slit and the lower exhaust slit and the horizontal plane may be the same or different, but both are side slits at an acute angle to the horizontal plane. In this embodiment, both the upper and lower exhaust slits are side slits at a 60-degree angle to the horizontal plane. There are multiple upper and lower exhaust slits, which can be the same or different. The number of upper and lower exhaust slits is represented by n1, where n1 = 4-20. In this embodiment, both the upper and lower exhaust slits are 16. The direction of the side seam can be clockwise or counterclockwise, but it must be opposite to the direction of air intake rotation. The total area of ​​the side seam is represented by S4, and the lower cross-sectional area of ​​the upper exhaust cone 1032 or the upper cross-sectional area of ​​the lower exhaust cone 1042 is represented by S3. The total area of ​​the side seam of the upper exhaust seam and the total area of ​​the lower exhaust seam can be the same or different. The lower cross-sectional area of ​​the upper exhaust cone 1032 and the upper cross-sectional area of ​​the lower exhaust cone 1042 can be the same or different. The cross-sectional area of ​​the separation cylinder 1 is S1, but all satisfy S4 / (S1-S3) = 0.2~1.0. In this embodiment, S4 / (S1-S3) = 0.5. The upper diameter of the upper exhaust cone 1032 is d. 3， d3 = 0.10~0.90d, the lower diameter of the upper exhaust cone 1032 is d 4， d4 / d3 = 0.2~1.0, in this embodiment d4 / d3 = 0.6. The ratio of the upper diameter to the lower diameter of the lower exhaust cone 1042 is d6 / d7 = 0.15~1.0, in this embodiment d6 / d7 = 0.6. The upper diameter of the upper exhaust cone 1032 and the lower diameter of the lower exhaust cone 1042 are the same as the diameter of the upper exhaust pipe 103 or the lower exhaust pipe 104, respectively.

[0054] like Figure 1 , 4 As shown in Figure 5, the dust discharge cone 105 includes a cylindrical body formed by a cylindrical section 1051 and a conical section 1052. The cylindrical body forms a cavity with one open end through a cover plate at its top. A secondary dust discharge port 1054 is located on the conical section 1052. The secondary dust discharge port 1054 and the primary dust discharge port 102 have the same dimensions but opposite rotation directions. The separating cylinder 1 and the cylindrical section 1051 are coaxial and extend into the cylindrical section 1051, while the primary dust discharge port 102 is located within the cylindrical section 1051. The ratio of the diameter of the cylindrical section 1051 to the diameter of the separating cylinder 1 is d9 / d = 1.5~2.0. In this embodiment, d9 / d = 1.8. The ratio of the depth of the separating cylinder 1 inserted into the dust discharge cone 105 to the height of the cylindrical section 1051 is h9 / h. 10 =0.5~1.0, in this embodiment h9 / h10 =0.9; the ratio h of the height of the conical section 1052 to the height of the cylindrical section 1051 11 / h 10 =0.5~1.5, h in this embodiment 11 / h 10 =1.3.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment is a separation device, including a cyclone separator housing 2 for separating dust or droplets. The top of the cyclone separator housing 2 is connected to an air inlet pipe 3, and the bottom of the cyclone separator housing 2 is connected to a discharge pipe 4. Both the air inlet pipe 3 and the discharge pipe 4 are welded to the cyclone separator housing 2. The air inlet pipe 3 is used to transport the gas to be treated into the cyclone separator housing 2, and the discharge pipe 4 is used to unload the separated dust or liquid.

[0057] like Figure 6 , 7 As shown in Figure 8, the improvement made to the scheme of Embodiment 1 is that a gas distribution plate 5 and a partition plate 6 are provided inside the cyclone separator housing 2. The gas distribution plate 5 and the partition plate 6 divide the inner cavity of the cyclone separator housing 2 into a first-stage gas distribution chamber 7, a second-stage gas distribution chamber 8 and a first-stage dust collection chamber 9 from top to bottom. Several cyclone separator units as described in the embodiment are inserted inside the cyclone separator housing 2. Several cyclone separator units are vertically installed inside the cyclone separator housing 2. The upper exhaust pipe 103 of each cyclone separator unit passes through the opening area 501 of the gas distribution plate 5 and the cyclone separator housing 2 in sequence and extends to the top of the cyclone separator housing 2. The axis of the upper exhaust pipe 103 passes through the center of the opening area 501. The lower exhaust pipe 104 of the cyclone separator unit passes through the cyclone separator housing 2 and extends to the bottom of the cyclone separator housing 2. The upper exhaust pipe valve 1031 and the lower exhaust pipe valve 1041 are both located on the upper exhaust pipe 103 and the lower exhaust pipe 104 on the outside of the cyclone separator housing 2. The air inlet 101 of the cyclone separator is located in the second-stage gas distribution chamber 8, and the first-stage dust discharge port 102 and the second-stage dust discharge port 1054 are both located in the first-stage dust collection chamber 9.

[0058] The opening area 501 is circular, and several circular air inlets with a diameter of 1-5mm are evenly distributed on the opening area 501. In this embodiment, the diameter of the air inlet is 4mm, and the opening area of ​​each opening area 501 is larger than the area of ​​the large opening end of the gas guide plate 106, so that the gas can enter the gas guide plate 106 after being guided by the air inlet, and enter the separation cylinder 1 after being guided by the guide plate 106 again.

[0059] like Figure 6 , 7As shown, the cyclone separator shell 2 includes an upper end cap 201, a lower end cap 202, and a cylinder 203. The upper end cap 201 is welded to the upper end of the cylinder 203, and the lower end cap 202 is welded to the lower end of the cylinder 203, forming a closed cavity. The air inlet pipe 3 is located on the upper end cap 201, and the discharge pipe 4 is located on the lower end cap 202. The gas distribution plate 5 and the baffle plate 6 are both welded to the inner wall of the cyclone separator shell 2. An inner baffle plate 601 is welded to the lower end face of the baffle plate 6. The inner baffle plate 601 divides the first-stage dust collection chamber 9 into four dust collection zones, and the bottom end of the dust discharge cone 105 is above the lower end of the inner baffle plate 601. The lower end of the inner baffle plate 601 does not exceed the upper end face of the lower end cap 202.

[0060] like Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the partition 6 consists of a cone and a circular plate located at the small end of the cone. As the cross-sectional area of ​​the cone gradually decreases, it is beneficial to accelerate the gas, increase the initial velocity of the gas to be separated, and improve the separation efficiency. The cone and the circular plate are fixedly connected, which can be welded or integrally formed. In this embodiment, integral forming is adopted, and the angle between the cone and the horizontal plane is 30°~70°. In this embodiment, the angle between the cone and the horizontal plane is 50°.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] like Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment is a separation system, including a data acquisition and control system 10, the cyclone separator device described in Embodiment 2, and the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder 14. The data acquisition and control system 10 is connected to the upper exhaust pipe valve 1031 and the lower exhaust pipe valve 1041, respectively. The exhaust pipe 103 and the lower exhaust pipe 104 are connected to the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder 14 via a tee 11 and a reducing joint 12. The data acquisition and control system 10 is used to control the opening and closing of the upper exhaust pipe valve 1031 and the lower exhaust pipe valve 1041. The data acquisition and control system 10 determines the corresponding separation mode by controlling the opening of the upper exhaust pipe valve 1031 or the lower exhaust pipe valve 1041, and can determine the number of cyclone separator units to be opened according to the amount of flue gas to be treated. The top and bottom of the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder 14 are respectively provided with a second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder exhaust pipe 1402 for discharging clean gas and a second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder unloading pipe 1403 for unloading dust or liquid. The upper end of the side wall of the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder 14 is provided with a second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder inlet 1401 for introducing gas to be treated, and the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder inlet 1401 is located in the tangential direction of the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder 14. The second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder exhaust pipe 1402 passes through the upper top plate of the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder 14 and is inserted into the interior of the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder 14, and the insertion depth does not exceed 1 / 3 of the height of the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder 14.

[0063] like Figure 9As shown, both the upper exhaust pipe 103 and the lower exhaust pipe 104 are connected to the air inlet 1401 of the second-stage dust collection cylinder through a tee 11. The upper exhaust pipe 103 and the lower exhaust pipe 104 are respectively connected to the first and second ends of the tee 11, and are connected to the large end of the reducing connector 12 through the third end. The small end of the reducing connector 12 is connected to the air inlet 1401 of the second-stage dust collection cylinder. The inner diameter of the reducing connector 12 gradually decreases, which can further enhance the gas velocity entering the air inlet 1401 of the second-stage dust collection cylinder.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] A method of using a separation system, based on the cyclone separator system described in Example 3, specifically includes the following steps:

[0066] S1. Determine the separation method of the cyclone separator unit.

[0067] S11. When the separation efficiency requirement is high and the amount of solid or liquid to be separated is small, switch the cyclone separator to counter-current type, close the lower exhaust pipe valve 1041, and open the upper exhaust pipe valve 1031.

[0068] S12. When the separation efficiency requirement is low or the pressure drop is low, switch the cyclone separator to DC type, close the upper exhaust pipe valve 1031, and open the lower exhaust pipe valve 1041. S11 and S12 can be executed separately.

[0069] S2. Determine the number of cyclone separator units to be activated.

[0070] The data acquisition and control system 10 calculates the required number of cyclone separators based on the amount of flue gas to be treated, and controls the corresponding number of cyclone separators to be turned on.

[0071] S3. The gas to be separated enters the first-stage gas distribution chamber 7 through the inlet pipe 3 and is distributed. The gas to be separated enters the second-stage gas distribution chamber 8 through the opening area 501 and enters the cyclone separator described in Example 1 through the inlet 101 for separation. The separated particles or liquid are discharged from the discharge pipe 4, and the separated gas is discharged from the upper exhaust pipe 103 or the lower exhaust pipe 104.

[0072] S4. After separation, the gas enters the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder 14 through the three-way valve 11 for further separation. Finally, the particles or liquid are discharged from the discharge pipe 1403 of the second-stage dust collection chamber, and the clean gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 1402 of the second-stage dust collection chamber.

[0073] The separation system uses countercurrent separation for dust removal: in countercurrent separation, clean gas is discharged from the top and material is discharged from the bottom.

[0074] The data acquisition and control system 10 opens the upper exhaust pipe valve 1031 on each cyclone separator unit and closes the lower exhaust pipe valve 1041, converting all cyclone separator units into counter-current cyclone separators, thereby converting the separation system into a counter-current system.

[0075] Dust-laden gas enters the first-stage gas distribution chamber 7 through the inlet pipe 3 for gas distribution. After distribution, the dust-laden gas enters the second-stage gas distribution chamber 8 through the opening area 501, and then enters the cyclone separator unit through the inlet 101. Since the guide plate 106 is a cone-shaped structure with a wide upper opening and a large area, it is convenient for the gas to enter the cyclone separator unit for separation after distribution. The specific separation method is the same as the counter-current separation in Example 1. The first-stage dust collection chamber 9 is equivalent to the silo in Example 1.

[0076] Finally, the gas after separation is discharged through the upper exhaust pipe 103 and then enters the secondary dust collection chamber cylinder 14 through the tee 11, the reducer 12 and the secondary dust collection chamber inlet 1401. Since the secondary dust collection chamber inlet 1401 and the upper part of the secondary dust collection chamber cylinder 14 are tangentially connected, the gas entering it rotates, and the resulting centrifugal force is conducive to the separation of particles. After that, the clean gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 1402.

[0077] The separated solid particles are discharged through unloading pipe 4 and second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder unloading pipe 1403.

[0078] The lower exhaust cone 1042 is not used for exhaust at this time, but as a flow stabilizer to reduce airflow turbulence, reduce backmixing, improve the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator, and reduce pressure drop to a certain extent.

[0079] The separation system uses a direct current separation method for dust removal: in the direct current separation method, both clean gas and particles are discharged from the bottom, and the specific separation method is the same as the direct current separation in Example 1.

[0080] The data acquisition and control system 10 closes the upper exhaust pipe valve 1031 on each cyclone separator unit and opens the lower exhaust pipe valve 1041, converting all cyclone separator units into DC cyclone separators, thereby converting the separation system into a DC system.

[0081] Dust-laden gas enters the first-stage gas distribution chamber 7 through the inlet pipe 3 for gas distribution. After distribution, the dust-laden gas enters the second-stage gas distribution chamber 8 through the opening area 501, and then enters the cyclone separator unit through the inlet 101. Since the guide plate 106 is a cone structure with a wide upper opening and a large area, it is convenient for the gas to enter the cyclone separator unit for separation after distribution. The specific separation method is the same as the direct current separation in Example 1. The first-stage dust collection chamber 9 is equivalent to the silo in Example 1.

[0082] Finally, the separated gas is discharged through the upper exhaust pipe 103 and then enters the secondary dust collection chamber cylinder 14 through the tee 11, the reducer 12 and the secondary dust collection chamber inlet 1401. Since the secondary dust collection chamber inlet 1401 and the upper part of the secondary dust collection chamber cylinder 14 are tangentially connected, the gas enters it and rotates. The centrifugal force generated is conducive to the separation of particles. After that, the clean gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 1402.

[0083] The separated solid particles are discharged through unloading pipe 4 and second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder unloading pipe 1403.

[0084] The upper exhaust cone 1032 is not used for exhaust at this time, but as a flow guide to reduce airflow turbulence, reduce backmixing, and improve the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator.

[0085] The DC separation system of this invention improves separation efficiency while ensuring low pressure drop, simple structure and uniform air distribution.

Claims

1. A cyclone separator unit, comprising a separator cylinder (1) closed at one end and an upper exhaust pipe (103) having an upper exhaust valve (1031), the upper exhaust pipe (103) being concentrically inserted into the separator cylinder (1) from the open end at the top of the separator cylinder (1), an air inlet (101) with a guide vane (1011) structure being installed between the side wall of the upper exhaust pipe (103) and the separator cylinder (1), and an upper exhaust cone with an upper exhaust slit being connected to the end of the upper exhaust pipe (103) located inside the separator cylinder (1). 1032), a lower exhaust pipe (104) with a lower exhaust valve (1041) is provided at the bottom end of the separation cylinder (1), and the end of the lower exhaust pipe (104) located inside the separation cylinder (1) is connected to a lower exhaust cone (1042) with a lower exhaust slit. Several primary dust discharge ports (102) are opened on the lower side wall of the separation cylinder (1) surrounding the lower exhaust pipe (104), with the slit direction being the same as the air intake rotation direction, and the lower exhaust cone (1042) is located above the primary dust discharge ports (102). The feature is that: The lower part of the separation cylinder (1) is surrounded by a dust discharge cone (105) with an opening at the lower end. All primary dust discharge ports (102) are located inside the dust discharge cone (105). The lower exhaust pipe (104) passes concentrically through the opening end of the dust discharge cone (105) and extends to the outside of the dust discharge cone (105). A secondary dust discharge port (107) is formed between the lower exhaust pipe (104) and the opening end of the dust discharge cone (105). A secondary dust discharge port (1054) is opened on the side wall of the dust discharge cone (105) below the primary dust discharge port (102). The opening direction of the secondary dust discharge port (1054), the upper exhaust slit and the lower exhaust slit are opposite to the opening direction of the primary dust discharge port (102).

2. The cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary dust discharge port (102) is a side slit with an angle γ to the horizontal direction, 0 < γ < 90°, the total area of ​​the side slit is S5, the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower exhaust pipe (104) is S6, the cross-sectional area of ​​the separation cylinder (1) is S1, and S5 / (S1-S6) = 0.2~1.0; the ratio of the height of the side slit of the primary dust discharge port (102) to the height of the separation cylinder (1) is h8 / h = 0.1~0.

2.

3. The cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust discharge cone (105) is a cylinder formed by a cylindrical section (1051) and a conical section (1052). The end of the cylinder near the cylindrical section (1051) is provided with a cover plate to form a cavity with an opening at the lower end. The secondary dust discharge port (1054) is located on the conical section (1052). The secondary dust discharge port (1054) and the primary dust discharge port (102) have the same size and opposite rotation. The separation cylinder (1) and the cylindrical section (1051) are coaxial and extend into the cylindrical section (1051). The primary dust discharge port (102) is located in the cylindrical section (1051).

4. The cyclone separator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ratio of the diameter of the cylindrical section (1051) to the diameter of the separating cylinder (1) is d9 / d = 1.5~2.0, and the ratio of the depth of the separating cylinder (1) inserted into the dust discharge cone (105) to the height of the cylindrical section (1051) is h9 / h. 10 =0.5~1.0; the ratio h of the height of the conical section (1052) to the height of the cylindrical section (1051) 11 / h 10 =0.5~1.

5.

5. The cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the diameter of the upper exhaust pipe (103) to the diameter of the separation cylinder (1), d3 / d, and the ratio of the diameter of the lower exhaust pipe (104) to the diameter of the separation cylinder (1), d7 / d, are both 0.1 to 0.9; the heights at which the upper exhaust pipe (103) and the lower exhaust pipe (104) are inserted into the separation cylinder (1) are h6 and h3, respectively, and the heights of the upper exhaust cone (1032) and the lower exhaust cone (1042) are h7 and h5, respectively, and (h6+h7) / h and (h3+h5) / h are both 0.1 to 0.

5.

6. The cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper or lower exhaust slit is a slit at an angle α to the horizontal plane, where 0 < α < 90°, and the angle between the upper or lower exhaust slit and the horizontal plane may be the same or different. There are multiple side slits. The total area of ​​the upper or lower exhaust slit is S4. The cross-sectional area of ​​the lower opening of the upper exhaust cone (1032) or the cross-sectional area of ​​the upper opening of the lower exhaust cone (1042) is S3. The cross-sectional area of ​​the separation cylinder (1) is S1, and S4 / (S1-S3) = 0.2~1.

0.

7. The cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the upper diameter to the lower diameter of the upper exhaust cone (1032) is d4 / d3 = 0.2 to 1.0, and the ratio of the upper diameter to the lower diameter of the lower exhaust cone (1042) is d6 / d7 = 0.15 to 1.

0. The upper diameter of the upper exhaust cone (1032) and the lower diameter of the lower exhaust cone (1042) are the same as the diameter of the upper exhaust pipe (103) or the lower exhaust pipe (104), respectively.

8. The cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet (101) is surrounded by a trumpet-shaped gas guide plate (106), with the larger end facing the upper exhaust pipe (103). The ratio of the diameter of the larger end to the diameter of the smaller end is d1 / d2 = 1.5 to 5, and the diameter of the smaller end is the same as the diameter of the separation cylinder (1). The ratio of the height of the guide plate (106) to the height of the separation cylinder (1) is h1 / h = 0.1 to 0.

5. The ratio of the height of the air inlet (101) to the height of the upper exhaust pipe (103) inserted into the separation cylinder (1) is h4 / h3 = 0.2 to 1.

0.

9. A separation device, comprising a cyclone separator housing (2) and an air inlet pipe (3) and a discharge pipe (4) respectively located at the top and bottom of the cyclone separator housing (2), characterized in that: The cyclone separator housing (2) is provided with a gas distribution plate (5) and a partition plate (6). The gas distribution plate (5) and the partition plate (6) divide the inner cavity of the cyclone separator housing (2) into a first-stage gas distribution chamber (7), a second-stage gas distribution chamber (8), and a first-stage dust collection chamber (9) from top to bottom. A number of cyclone separator units as described in any one of claims 1-8 are inserted into the cyclone separator housing (2). The upper exhaust pipe (103) of each cyclone separator unit passes through the housing in sequence. The opening area (501) of the gas distribution plate (5) and the cyclone separator housing (2) extend to the top of the cyclone separator housing (2). The lower exhaust pipe (104) of the cyclone separator unit passes through the cyclone separator housing (2) and extends to the bottom of the cyclone separator housing (2). The air inlet (101) of the cyclone separator unit is located in the second-stage gas distribution chamber (8). The first-stage dust discharge port (102) and the second-stage dust discharge port (1054) are both located in the first-stage dust collection chamber (9).

10. The separation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cyclone separator shell (2) is a closed structure formed by an upper end cap (201), a lower end cap (202) and a cylinder (203). The air inlet pipe (3) is set on the upper end cap (201), and the discharge pipe (4) is set on the lower end cap (202). The lower end face of the partition (6) is provided with an inner partition (601), and the inner partition (601) divides the first-stage dust collection chamber (9) into four dust collection areas evenly. The bottom end of the dust discharge cone (105) is above the lower end of the inner partition (601), and the lower end of the inner partition (601) does not exceed the upper end face of the lower end cap (202).

11. The separation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The partition (6) consists of a cone and a circular plate located at the small end of the cone, and the angle between the cone and the horizontal plane is 30° to 70°.

12. The separation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The opening area (501) is circular, with several circular air inlets of 1-5 mm in diameter evenly distributed on it.

13. A separation system, characterized in that: The system includes a data acquisition and control system (10), a separation device as described in any one of claims 9-12, and a second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder (14). The data acquisition and control system (10) is connected to the upper exhaust pipe valve (1031) and the lower exhaust pipe valve (1041) respectively. The upper exhaust pipe (103) and the lower exhaust pipe (104) are connected to the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder inlet (1401) located on the side wall of the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder (14) through a tee (11) and a reducing joint (12). The top and bottom ends of the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder (14) are respectively connected to the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder exhaust pipe (1402) and the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder unloading pipe (1403).

14. A method of using a separation system, based on the separation system of claim 13, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Determine the separation method of the cyclone separator unit. S11. When the separation efficiency requirement is high and the amount of solid or liquid to be separated is small, switch the cyclone separator to countercurrent flow. S12. When the separation efficiency requirement is low or the pressure drop is low, switch the cyclone separator unit to DC type. S2. Determine the number of cyclone separator units to be activated. The data acquisition and control system (10) calculates the required number of cyclone separators based on the amount of flue gas to be treated, and controls the corresponding number of cyclone separators to be turned on. S3. The gas to be separated enters the first-stage gas distribution chamber (7) through the inlet pipe (3) and is then distributed. The gas to be separated then enters the second-stage gas distribution chamber (8) through the opening area (501) and then enters the cyclone separator described in claims 1-11 through the inlet (101) for separation. The separated particles or liquid are discharged from the discharge pipe (4), and the separated gas is discharged from the upper exhaust pipe (103) or the lower exhaust pipe (104). S4. After separation, the gas enters the second-stage dust collection chamber cylinder (14) through the three-way valve (11) for further separation. Finally, the clean gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe (1402) of the second-stage dust collection chamber, and the particles or liquid are discharged from the unloading pipe (1403) of the second-stage dust collection chamber.

15. The method of using the separation system according to claim 14, characterized in that: In S11, the lower exhaust pipe valve (1041) is closed and the upper exhaust pipe valve (1031) is opened; in S12, the upper exhaust pipe valve (1031) is closed and the lower exhaust pipe valve (1041) is opened, and either S11 or S12 is executed.

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