A low-temperature resistant copper-magnesium alloy wire

Abstract

This invention discloses a copper-magnesium alloy wire with good low-temperature resistance, relating to the field of copper-magnesium alloy wire preparation technology. It involves preparing a copper-magnesium alloy ingot with a magnesium content of 0.4-0.6 wt% using pure copper and a CuMg14 master alloy, continuously casting the ingot using a horizontal continuous casting method, and then sequentially drawing and extruding it to obtain the copper-magnesium alloy wire. The drawing process specifically involves: softening the copper-magnesium alloy ingot, spraying an additive onto the surface of the softened ingot, and finally performing hot drawing and cold drawing sequentially. This invention, by softening the ingot during the drawing process, makes the internal structure of the copper-magnesium alloy ingot looser, which is more conducive to grain refinement in subsequent drawing processes, releasing residual stress from defects, and homogenizing the grains, thereby resulting in superior strength and greater stability at low temperatures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of copper-magnesium alloy wire, specifically a copper-magnesium alloy wire with good low-temperature resistance. Background Technology

[0002] Today, in the high-speed rail transportation industry, train speeds reach as high as 515 km / h. This type of high-speed rail uses electric traction, and the power supply is achieved through the contact wire and pantograph. In particular, maximizing the tension in the contact wire is of great significance in achieving high-speed levels, especially during high-speed operation.

[0003] In existing technologies, copper-magnesium alloy wire is often used as the contact wire, which has high requirements for conductivity and strength and provides beneficial resistance at high temperatures. However, in some particularly cold regions or during harsh winters, copper-magnesium alloy wire is affected by low temperatures and may experience low-temperature creep. Therefore, improvements are needed.

[0004] In metallic materials, the atoms are bonded with good elasticity and are relatively loose, absorbing more external impact energy. At low temperatures, the atoms are bonded more tightly due to poor elasticity, absorbing very little external energy. As the "cohesive force" around the atoms weakens and the free electrons become less mobile, the materials become brittle. Therefore, metallic materials are prone to brittle fracture at low temperatures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and to provide a copper-magnesium alloy wire with good low-temperature resistance.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for producing copper-magnesium alloy wire with good low-temperature resistance involves preparing copper-magnesium alloy ingots with a magnesium content of 0.4-0.6 wt% using pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, continuously casting copper-magnesium alloy rods by horizontal continuous casting, and then sequentially drawing and extruding to obtain copper-magnesium alloy wire.

[0008] The drawing process is as follows:

[0009] The copper-magnesium alloy rod is softened, then an additive is sprayed onto the surface of the softened copper-magnesium alloy rod, and finally hot drawing and cold drawing are performed in sequence.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the softening treatment includes: subjecting the copper-magnesium alloy rod to electrical treatment and / or irradiation treatment.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the additives include molybdenum disulfide and paraffin.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during the smelting process of pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, a layer of zirconium powder of 2-3 cm is coated on the surface of the molten alloy liquid.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during the smelting process, argon gas is introduced after vacuuming, heated to 1000-1150°C, phosphorus powder is added for deoxidation treatment, and the casting temperature is 1050-1100°C.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the hot drawing is 350-450℃.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cold drawing is performed by: standing at -10 to -5°C for 20-30 seconds, and then drawing 1-3 times at -1 to 1°C.

[0016] The present invention also discloses a copper-magnesium alloy wire with good low-temperature resistance, which is prepared by any of the preparation methods described above.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] (1) The copper-magnesium alloy wire with good low-temperature resistance of the present invention is softened during the drawing process, so that the internal structure of the copper-magnesium alloy rod is loose, which is more conducive to grain refinement in the subsequent drawing process, releasing the residual stress of defects, and making the grain uniform, thereby making its strength better and more stable at low temperature.

[0019] (2) The copper-magnesium alloy wire of the present invention with good low-temperature resistance is made of molybdenum disulfide and paraffin wax during drawing. Since molybdenum disulfide has a layered structure, the sulfur atom bonding force (van der Waals force) between the layers is weak and easy to slide, thus exhibiting a good friction reduction effect. The sulfur atoms exposed on the crystal surface have a strong adhesion to the metal surface, forming a very strong film, which can reduce the friction defects generated on the copper-magnesium alloy surface during the drawing process, thereby improving the strength of the copper-magnesium alloy.

[0020] (3) The present invention provides a copper-magnesium alloy wire with good low-temperature resistance. Zirconium is a grain refiner in copper-magnesium alloy and can also remove impurities in the alloy liquid and enhance the tensile strength of magnesium alloy. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] A method for producing copper-magnesium alloy wire with good low-temperature resistance involves preparing a copper-magnesium alloy ingot with a magnesium content of 0.6 wt% by using pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, continuously casting the copper-magnesium alloy rod by horizontal continuous casting, and then sequentially drawing and extruding to obtain the copper-magnesium alloy wire.

[0024] The drawing process is as follows:

[0025] The copper-magnesium alloy rod is softened, then an additive is sprayed onto the surface of the softened copper-magnesium alloy rod, and finally hot drawing and cold drawing are performed in sequence.

[0026] The softening treatment includes: subjecting the copper-magnesium alloy rod to electrical treatment and / or irradiation treatment.

[0027] The power supply process involves using alternating current (AC) at a frequency of 50 Hz and a current density of 93 A / m. 2 .

[0028] The irradiation treatment was carried out with an irradiation power of 15 kW, an electron beam energy of 11 MeV, and a dose rate of 0.5 kGy / s.

[0029] The additives include molybdenum disulfide and paraffin in a mass ratio of 1:3.

[0030] During the smelting process of pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, a 0.5 cm layer of zirconium powder is placed on the surface of the molten alloy liquid.

[0031] During the smelting process, argon gas is introduced after vacuuming, and the temperature is heated to 1150℃. Phosphorus powder is added for deoxidation treatment, and the casting temperature is 1100℃.

[0032] The temperature for hot drawing is 350°C.

[0033] The cold drawing process involves: standing at -10℃ for 20 seconds, followed by drawing twice at -1℃.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] A method for producing copper-magnesium alloy wire with good low-temperature resistance involves preparing a copper-magnesium alloy ingot with a magnesium content of 0.6 wt% by using pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, continuously casting the copper-magnesium alloy rod by horizontal continuous casting, and then sequentially drawing and extruding to obtain the copper-magnesium alloy wire.

[0036] The drawing process is as follows:

[0037] The copper-magnesium alloy rod is softened, then an additive is sprayed onto the surface of the softened copper-magnesium alloy rod, and finally hot drawing and cold drawing are performed in sequence.

[0038] The softening treatment includes: subjecting the copper-magnesium alloy rod to electrical treatment and / or irradiation treatment.

[0039] The power supply process involves using alternating current (AC) at a frequency of 50 Hz and a current density of 93 A / m. 2

[0040] The irradiation treatment was carried out with an irradiation power of 15 kW, an electron beam energy of 11 MeV, and a dose rate of 0.5 kGy / s.

[0041] The additives include molybdenum disulfide and paraffin in a mass ratio of 1:7.

[0042] During the smelting process of pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, a 0.5 cm layer of zirconium powder is placed on the surface of the molten alloy liquid.

[0043] During the smelting process, argon gas is introduced after vacuuming, and the temperature is heated to 1150℃. Phosphorus powder is added for deoxidation treatment, and the casting temperature is 1100℃.

[0044] The temperature for hot drawing is 350°C.

[0045] The cold drawing process involves: standing at -6℃ for 28 seconds, followed by drawing twice at 0℃.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] A method for producing copper-magnesium alloy wire with good low-temperature resistance involves preparing a copper-magnesium alloy ingot with a magnesium content of 0.6 wt% by using pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, continuously casting the copper-magnesium alloy rod by horizontal continuous casting, and then sequentially drawing and extruding to obtain the copper-magnesium alloy wire.

[0048] The drawing process is as follows:

[0049] The copper-magnesium alloy rod is softened, then an additive is sprayed onto the surface of the softened copper-magnesium alloy rod, and finally hot drawing and cold drawing are performed in sequence.

[0050] The softening treatment includes: subjecting the copper-magnesium alloy rod to electrical treatment and / or irradiation treatment.

[0051] The power supply process involves using alternating current (AC) at a frequency of 55 Hz and a current density of 96 A / m. 2

[0052] The irradiation treatment was carried out with an irradiation power of 17 kW, an electron beam energy of 12 MeV, and a dose rate of 0.5 kGy / s.

[0053] The additives include molybdenum disulfide and paraffin in a mass ratio of 1:3.

[0054] During the smelting process of pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, a 0.5 cm layer of zirconium powder is placed on the surface of the molten alloy liquid.

[0055] During the smelting process, argon gas is introduced after vacuuming, and the temperature is heated to 1150℃. Phosphorus powder is added for deoxidation treatment, and the casting temperature is 1100℃.

[0056] The temperature of the hot drawing is 400℃.

[0057] The cold drawing process involves: standing at -5℃ for 20 seconds, followed by drawing twice at -1℃.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] A method for producing copper-magnesium alloy wire with good low-temperature resistance involves preparing a copper-magnesium alloy ingot with a magnesium content of 0.6 wt% by using pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, continuously casting the copper-magnesium alloy rod by horizontal continuous casting, and then sequentially drawing and extruding to obtain the copper-magnesium alloy wire.

[0060] The drawing process is as follows:

[0061] The copper-magnesium alloy rod is softened, then an additive is sprayed onto the surface of the softened copper-magnesium alloy rod, and finally hot drawing and cold drawing are performed in sequence.

[0062] The softening treatment includes: subjecting the copper-magnesium alloy rod to electrical treatment and / or irradiation treatment.

[0063] The power supply process involves using alternating current (AC) at a frequency of 50 Hz and a current density of 93 A / m. 2

[0064] The irradiation treatment was carried out with an irradiation power of 17 kW, an electron beam energy of 12 MeV, and a dose rate of 0.7 kGy / s.

[0065] The additives include molybdenum disulfide and paraffin in a mass ratio of 1:4.

[0066] During the smelting process of pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, a 0.8 cm layer of zirconium powder is placed on the surface of the molten alloy liquid.

[0067] During the smelting process, argon gas is introduced after vacuuming, and the temperature is heated to 1150℃. Phosphorus powder is added for deoxidation treatment, and the casting temperature is 1100℃.

[0068] The temperature for hot drawing is 380°C.

[0069] The cold drawing process involves: standing at -8℃ for 25 seconds, followed by drawing twice at 0℃.

[0070] Example 5

[0071] A method for producing copper-magnesium alloy wire with good low-temperature resistance involves preparing a copper-magnesium alloy ingot with a magnesium content of 0.6 wt% by using pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, continuously casting the copper-magnesium alloy rod by horizontal continuous casting, and then sequentially drawing and extruding to obtain the copper-magnesium alloy wire.

[0072] The drawing process is as follows:

[0073] The copper-magnesium alloy rod is coated with an additive and then subjected to hot drawing and cold drawing in sequence.

[0074] The softening treatment includes: subjecting the copper-magnesium alloy rod to electrical treatment and / or irradiation treatment;

[0075] The power supply process involves using alternating current (AC) at a frequency of 45 Hz and a current density of 83 A / m. 2

[0076] The irradiation treatment was carried out with an irradiation power of 19 kW, an electron beam energy of 10 MeV, and a dose rate of 0.4 kGy / s.

[0077] The additives include molybdenum disulfide and paraffin in a mass ratio of 1:5.

[0078] During the smelting process of pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, a 1 cm layer of zirconium powder is placed on the surface of the molten alloy liquid.

[0079] During the smelting process, argon gas is introduced after vacuuming, and the temperature is heated to 1150℃. Phosphorus powder is added for deoxidation treatment, and the casting temperature is 1100℃.

[0080] The temperature for hot drawing is 380°C.

[0081] The cold drawing process involves: standing at -7℃ for 25 seconds, followed by three drawing cycles at 0℃.

[0082] Comparative Example 1 (without softening treatment)

[0083] A method for producing copper-magnesium alloy wire with good low-temperature resistance involves preparing a copper-magnesium alloy ingot with a magnesium content of 0.6 wt% by using pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, continuously casting the copper-magnesium alloy rod by horizontal continuous casting, and then sequentially drawing and extruding to obtain the copper-magnesium alloy wire.

[0084] The drawing process is as follows:

[0085] The copper-magnesium alloy rod is coated with an additive and then subjected to hot drawing and cold drawing in sequence.

[0086] The power supply process involves using alternating current (AC) at a frequency of 55 Hz and a current density of 96 A / m. 2

[0087] The irradiation treatment was carried out with an irradiation power of 17 kW, an electron beam energy of 12 MeV, and a dose rate of 0.5 kGy / s.

[0088] The additives include molybdenum disulfide and paraffin in a mass ratio of 1:3.

[0089] During the smelting process of pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, a 0.5 cm layer of zirconium powder is placed on the surface of the molten alloy liquid.

[0090] During the smelting process, argon gas is introduced after vacuuming, and the temperature is heated to 1150℃. Phosphorus powder is added for deoxidation treatment, and the casting temperature is 1100℃.

[0091] The temperature of the hot drawing is 400℃.

[0092] The cold drawing process involves: standing at -5℃ for 20 seconds, followed by two drawing operations at -1℃.

[0093] Comparative Example 2 (without additive treatment)

[0094] A method for producing copper-magnesium alloy wire with good low-temperature resistance involves preparing a copper-magnesium alloy ingot with a magnesium content of 0.6 wt% by using pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, continuously casting the copper-magnesium alloy rod by horizontal continuous casting, and then sequentially drawing and extruding to obtain the copper-magnesium alloy wire.

[0095] The drawing process is as follows:

[0096] The copper-magnesium alloy rod is softened and then subjected to hot drawing and cold drawing in sequence.

[0097] The softening treatment includes: subjecting the copper-magnesium alloy rod to electrical treatment and / or irradiation treatment.

[0098] The power supply process involves using alternating current (AC) at a frequency of 55 Hz and a current density of 96 A / m. 2

[0099] The irradiation treatment was carried out with an irradiation power of 17 kW, an electron beam energy of 12 MeV, and a dose rate of 0.5 kGy / s.

[0100] During the smelting process of pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, a 0.5 cm layer of zirconium powder is placed on the surface of the molten alloy liquid.

[0101] During the smelting process, argon gas is introduced after vacuuming, and the temperature is heated to 1150℃. Phosphorus powder is added for deoxidation treatment, and the casting temperature is 1100℃.

[0102] The temperature of the hot drawing is 400℃.

[0103] The cold drawing process involves: standing at -5℃ for 20 seconds, followed by drawing twice at -1℃.

[0104] Comparative Example 3 (Zirconium powder was replaced with carbon powder)

[0105] A method for producing copper-magnesium alloy wire with good low-temperature resistance involves preparing a copper-magnesium alloy ingot with a magnesium content of 0.6 wt% by using pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, continuously casting the copper-magnesium alloy rod by horizontal continuous casting, and then sequentially drawing and extruding to obtain the copper-magnesium alloy wire.

[0106] The drawing process is as follows:

[0107] The copper-magnesium alloy rod is softened, then an additive is sprayed onto the surface of the softened copper-magnesium alloy rod, and finally hot drawing and cold drawing are performed in sequence.

[0108] The softening treatment includes: subjecting the copper-magnesium alloy rod to electrical treatment and / or irradiation treatment.

[0109] The power supply process involves using alternating current (AC) at a frequency of 55 Hz and a current density of 96 A / m. 2

[0110] The irradiation treatment was carried out with an irradiation power of 17 kW, an electron beam energy of 12 MeV, and a dose rate of 0.5 kGy / s.

[0111] The additives include molybdenum disulfide and paraffin in a mass ratio of 1:3.

[0112] During the smelting process of pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, a 0.5 cm layer of carbon powder is placed on the surface of the molten alloy liquid.

[0113] During the smelting process, argon gas is introduced after vacuuming, and the temperature is heated to 1150℃. Phosphorus powder is added for deoxidation treatment, and the casting temperature is 1100℃.

[0114] The temperature of the hot drawing is 400℃.

[0115] The cold drawing process involves: standing at -5℃ for 20 seconds, followed by drawing twice at -1℃.

[0116] The performance of the above embodiments and comparative examples was tested at -5℃ and 25℃, and the test results are shown in Table 1. The test methods used are based on the People's Republic of China Railway Industry Standard TB T2809-2017 (Copper and Copper Alloy Contact Wires for Electrified Railways).

[0117] Table 1 Performance test values ​​of the examples and comparative examples

[0118] Sample Tensile strength at -5℃ (MPa) Tensile strength at 25℃ (MPa) Example 1 448 451 Example 2 450 455 Example 3 445 452 Example 4 449 453 Example 5 451 456 Comparative Example 1 412 439 Comparative Example 2 419 441 Comparative Example 3 410 435

[0119] As can be seen from the table above, at the same temperature, the tensile strength performance of the examples is better than that of the comparative examples. However, the tensile strength of the examples changes less at low and normal temperatures, while that of the comparative examples changes more significantly. The main reasons may be as follows: Analysis of Comparative Example 1 shows that by softening the copper-magnesium alloy rod during the drawing process, the internal structure becomes loose, which is more conducive to grain refinement in subsequent drawing processes, releasing residual stress from defects, and homogenizing the grains, thus resulting in superior strength and greater stability at low temperatures. Analysis of Comparative Example 2 shows that the examples use a mixture of molybdenum disulfide and paraffin wax during drawing. Because molybdenum disulfide has a layered structure, the sulfur atom bonding force (van der Waals force) between layers is weak, making it easy to slide, thus exhibiting a good anti-friction effect. The sulfur atoms exposed on the crystal surface have a strong adhesion to the metal surface, forming a very strong film, which can reduce friction defects on the surface of the copper-magnesium alloy during the drawing process, thereby improving the strength of the copper-magnesium alloy. Analysis of Comparative Example 3 shows that zirconium powder was added in the example. Zirconium is a grain refiner in copper-magnesium alloys and can also remove impurities in the alloy liquid, thereby enhancing the tensile strength of magnesium alloys.

[0120] Without causing conflict, those skilled in the art can freely combine and use the above-mentioned additional technical features.

[0121] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Any technical solution that achieves the purpose of the present invention by essentially the same means is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing a low-temperature resistant copper-magnesium alloy wire, characterized in that, Copper-magnesium alloy ingots with a magnesium content of 0.4-0.6 wt% were prepared by mixing pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy. Copper-magnesium alloy rods were continuously cast by horizontal continuous casting. Then, copper-magnesium alloy wires were obtained by drawing and extrusion in sequence. The drawing process is as follows: The copper-magnesium alloy rod is softened, then an additive is sprayed on the surface of the softened copper-magnesium alloy rod, and finally hot drawing and cold drawing are performed in sequence. The softening treatment includes: subjecting the copper-magnesium alloy rod to electrical treatment and / or irradiation treatment; The additives include molybdenum disulfide and paraffin; During the smelting process of pure copper and CuMg14 master alloy, a layer of zirconium powder of 2-3 cm is placed on the surface of the molten alloy liquid.

2. The low-temperature resistant copper-magnesium alloy wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the smelting process, argon gas is introduced after vacuuming, and the temperature is heated to 1000-1150℃. Phosphorus powder is added for deoxidation treatment, and the casting temperature is 1050-1100℃.

3. The low-temperature resistant copper-magnesium alloy wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature for hot drawing is 350-450℃.

4. The low-temperature resistant copper-magnesium alloy wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold drawing process involves: standing at -10 to -5℃ for 20-30 seconds, and then drawing 1-3 times at -1 to 1℃.

5. A low-temperature resistant copper-magnesium alloy wire, characterized in that, It is produced by the production method described in any one of claims 1-4.