Device for clamping clearance and back pressure adjustment of inner wall annular groove structure and method of use

Abstract

The present invention provides a gap clamping and back pressure regulating device for inner wall ring groove structures and the like and a method for using the same. In order to overcome the problem in the prior art that a sudden pressure drop occurs in the machining gap during the electrolytic machining of the inner wall ring groove structure of difficult-to-cut metal materials, resulting in low machining quality and precision. The technical solution of the present invention includes a hollow pipe fitting composed of frustums A, B, C, and D from top to bottom, with a variable diameter. Notches are longitudinally provided on the pipe walls of the frustums A and D at the upper and lower ends, and threads are also provided on the circumferences of the frustums A and D. Nuts are provided on the threads to achieve the closing of the frustums A and D through the nuts; the inner wall of the frustum B is annularly fixed with a number of fan-shaped bosses of the same structure. After the fan-shaped bosses gather toward the center, they are spliced into a circle, and the diameter of the circle is larger than the machining surface diameter of the tool cathode by 0.3-0.5mm. The clamping of the tool cathode and anode workpiece is achieved by the same hollow pipe fitting, which prevents the annular groove from deviating and ensures the machining precision of the annular groove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electrolytic machining, and relates to a gap clamping and back pressure regulating device for an inner wall ring groove structure and the like, and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The inner wall ring groove structure of the workpiece of difficult-to-cut metal materials (especially the small-sized structure) is usually processed by mechanical boring, turning, electric spark, electrolysis and other methods. At present, a tool cathode for processing the inner wall ring groove has appeared, and the tool cathode includes a hollow cylindrical section and a processing boss provided at one end of the cylindrical section. However, since it is difficult to ensure the equal clearance between the tool cathode and the workpiece anode when the tool cathode and the workpiece anode are matched, and the liquid outlet is an open structure, it is impossible to solve the problem of equal clearance clamping of the tool cathode and the anode workpiece; it is impossible to avoid the uneven flow field distribution or the occurrence of holes in the processing gap; it is impossible to solve the short circuit phenomenon caused by the impact of the electrolyte on the tool cathode and the anode workpiece. This type of parts has problems such as difficult-to-cut materials, small structural dimensions, poor tool accessibility, difficulty in precise compensation, and severe tool wear.

[0003] Electrochemical machining technology is an ideal method for machining the inner wall ring groove structure of difficult-to-cut material workpieces. This technology uses the tool cathode to perform non-contact electrochemical dissolution and removal of the anode workpiece. It has many advantages such as high machining efficiency, no tool wear, and no restrictions on material hardness.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, there is an urgent need to design an equal gap clamping and back pressure regulating device for electrochemical machining of inner wall ring groove structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the prior art problem of a sudden pressure drop in the machining gap during electrolytic machining of annular groove structures on the inner wall of difficult-to-cut metal materials, resulting in low machining quality and precision, the present invention provides an equal-gap clamping and back-pressure adjustment device for inner-wall annular groove structures and a method for use thereof, which ensures equal-gap clamping between the anode workpiece and the tool cathode.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a gap clamping and back pressure adjustment device for inner wall ring groove structures, etc., characterized by: comprising a hollow tube with a variable diameter composed of a frustum A, a frustum B, a frustum C and a frustum D in sequence from top to bottom, with notches longitudinally provided on the tube walls of the frustums A and D at the upper and lower ends, and threads provided on the circumferences of the frustums A and D, and nuts provided on the threads to close the frustums A and D by means of the nuts;

[0007] The inner wall of the frustum B is annularly fixed with a plurality of fan-shaped bosses of the same structure. The fan-shaped bosses gather toward the center and are spliced into a circle. The diameter of the circle is 0.3-0.5mm larger than the diameter of the machining surface of the tool cathode.

[0008] Furthermore, both ends of the frustum A and the frustum D shrink inwards, and a number of notches are evenly distributed, dividing the side walls of both ends of the frustum A and the frustum D into a number of arc-shaped pieces.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner walls of the two nuts are arc-shaped and matched with the outer walls of the frustum A and the frustum D.

[0010] Furthermore, a sealing gasket is provided on the lower end surface of each fan-shaped boss.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the frustum A has the same diameter as the top of the frustum B and they are butted together, the bottom of the frustum B has the same diameter as the neck of the frustum C and they are butted together, and the bottom of the frustum C has the same diameter as the top of the frustum D and they are butted together.

[0012] Furthermore, the notch is rectangular.

[0013] Furthermore, the hollow tube is made of flexible ABS plastic.

[0014] A method for using a gap clamping and back pressure regulating device for an inner wall ring groove structure, characterized by the following steps:

[0015] 1) Insert one end of the tool cathode with the processing surface parallel to the upper end of the hollow pipe fitting, move the tool cathode vertically until the upper end of its processing surface is parallel to the lower end of the fan-shaped boss of the hollow pipe fitting, carve a mark on the upper end of the tool cathode, then insert it 0.3mm-0.5mm, and tighten the nut on the upper end of the hollow pipe fitting to fix the tool cathode;

[0016] 2) Insert the anode workpiece parallel to the lower end of the hollow pipe fitting, move the anode workpiece vertically until the upper end surface fits the lower end surface of the fan-shaped boss, tighten the nut at the lower end of the hollow pipe fitting to fix the anode workpiece;

[0017] 3) Continue to tighten the nut at the upper end of the hollow pipe, and the fan-shaped boss at the frustum C converges toward the center, reducing the area of the machining gap outlet section. That is, by rotating the nut at the upper end of the hollow pipe, the back pressure of the machining gap is adjusted until the fan-shaped boss contacts the tool cathode;

[0018] 4) The electrolyte flows in from the upper port of the tool cathode, passes through the gap between the tool cathode and the anode workpiece, participates in the electrochemical reaction, and flows out from the back pressure formed by the fan-shaped boss.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1) The structure of the present invention realizes the clamping of the tool cathode and anode workpieces through the same hollow pipe, thereby preventing the annular groove from deviating, ensuring the processing accuracy of the annular groove, and simultaneously achieving the effect of equal gap between the two annular rings (that is, the processing gap is equal everywhere in the entire annular ring).

[0021] 2) The method of the present invention can prevent a sudden drop in pressure at the electrolyte outlet during electrolytic machining, ensure uniform distribution of the electrolyte flow field in the entire machining gap, and eliminate cavities at the machining electrolyte outlet.

[0022] 3) The present invention can adjust the back pressure of the electrolyte outlet by adjusting the first nut up and down to ensure processing quality.

[0023] 4) The present invention realizes equal-gap clamping of the tool cathode and the workpiece anode by tightening the hollow pipe, which is convenient and quick to assemble and disassemble, and the tool cathode or anode workpiece can be replaced at any time as needed.

[0024] 5) The device of the present invention provides back pressure by reducing the area of the liquid outlet to achieve efficient and stable electrolytic machining of the inner wall ring groove structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is the structural diagram and processing principle diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a partial view of a hollow pipe fitting.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a nut, where a is the structural diagram of the first nut; and b is the structural diagram of the second nut.

[0028] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Top view of .

[0029] Numbers in the figure: 1- tool cathode, 2- first nut, 3- hollow pipe, 4- fan-shaped boss, 5- anode workpiece, 6- second nut, 7- notch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more precise definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] This embodiment provides an equal gap clamping and back pressure regulating device for electrochemical machining of inner wall ring groove structure, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the hollow tube 3 with a variable diameter is composed of a frustum A, a frustum B, a frustum C and a frustum D from top to bottom. The hollow tube 3 with an integrated design is used to clamp the tool cathode 1 and the anode workpiece 5, preventing the ring groove from deviating during processing and ensuring the processing accuracy of the ring groove.

[0032] The bottom of the cone A of the hollow pipe 3 has the same diameter as the top of the cone B and they are butted together. The bottom of the cone B has the same diameter as the neck of the cone C and they are butted together. The bottom of the cone C has the same diameter as the top of the cone D and they are butted together. The ends of the tube walls of cones A and D are contracted inwards, and a number of notches 7 are evenly distributed longitudinally on the tube walls, dividing the side walls of cones A and D into a number of arc-shaped pieces. A first nut 2 is sleeved on the external thread of cone A, and a second nut 6 is sleeved on the external thread of cone D. The first nut 2 and the second nut 6 are hexagonal nuts, and their inner walls are arc-shaped to match the outer walls of cones A and D, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the port diameters of the frustum A and frustum D are adjusted by rotating the two nuts up and down, which are used to clamp the tool cathode 1 and the anode workpiece 5. By tightening the first nut, the hollow pipe drives the back pressure block to shrink inward, reducing the outlet area of the outlet section of the machining gap, providing back pressure, preventing a sudden drop in the electrolyte outlet pressure during electrolytic machining, ensuring uniform distribution of the electrolyte flow field in the entire machining gap, and eliminating cavities at the machining electrolyte outlet.

[0033] The inner wall of the above-mentioned cone B is annularly fixed with several fan-shaped bosses 4 of the same structure. After the fan-shaped bosses 4 gather toward the center, they are spliced into a circle. The diameter of the circle is larger than the diameter of the machining surface of the tool cathode 1 by 0.3-0.5mm, and smaller than the diameter of the prefabricated hole of the anode workpiece 5. A sealing gasket is provided on the lower end face of each fan-shaped boss 4 to prevent leakage.

[0034] In order to prevent the hollow tube 3 from conducting electricity, it is made of flexible ABS plastic material.

[0035] The method of using the above device is as follows: Figure 4 As shown:

[0036] First, insert the end of the tool cathode 1 with the machining surface parallel to the upper end of the hollow tube 3. Move the tool cathode 1 vertically until its upper end surface is parallel to the lower end surface of the sector-shaped boss 4 on the hollow tube 3. After inscribing a mark on the upper end of the tool cathode 1, extend the tool cathode 1 a certain distance further and tighten the nut 2 on the upper end of the hollow tube 3 to secure the tool cathode 1. Then, insert the anode workpiece 5 parallel to the lower end of the hollow tube 3. Move the anode workpiece 5 vertically until its upper end surface aligns with the lower end surface of the sector-shaped boss 4, and tighten the nut 6 on the lower end of the hollow tube 3. Continue tightening the nut 2 on the upper end of the hollow tube 3, causing the center of the sector-shaped boss 4 at the cone C to converge, reducing the area of the machining gap exit section. This means that by rotating the nut 2 on the upper end of the hollow tube 3, the back pressure in the machining gap is adjusted until the sector-shaped boss 4 contacts the tool cathode, at which point the back pressure in the machining gap is maximum. The diameter of the circle is slightly larger than the diameter of the tool cathode 1 machining surface and smaller than the diameter of the preformed hole in the anode workpiece 5. The electrolyte flows in from the upper port of the tool cathode 1 , passes through the gap between the tool cathode 1 and the anode workpiece 5 , participates in the electrochemical reaction, and finally flows out from the back pressure formed by the fan-shaped boss 4 .

[0037] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structures or equivalent process changes made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Used for gap clamping and back pressure adjustment of inner wall ring groove structure, characterized by: The hollow tube (3) is composed of a frustum A, a frustum B, a frustum C and a frustum D in order from top to bottom, and a notch (7) is longitudinally provided on the tube wall of the frustum A and the frustum D at the upper and lower ends. The frustum A and the frustum D are also provided with threads on their circumferences, and nuts are provided on the threads to close the frustum A and the frustum D. The inner wall of the truncated cone B is annularly fixed with a plurality of fan-shaped bosses (4) of the same structure. The fan-shaped bosses (4) are gathered toward the center and spliced into a circle. The diameter of the circle is 0.3-0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the machining surface of the tool cathode (1).

2. The equal clearance clamping and back pressure regulating device for inner wall annular groove structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the truncated cone A and the truncated cone D are contracted inwards, and a plurality of notches (7) are evenly distributed, dividing the side walls of the two ends of the truncated cone A and the truncated cone D into a plurality of arc-shaped pieces.

3. The device for equal clearance clamping and back pressure adjustment for inner wall annular groove structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner walls of the two nuts are arc-shaped and matched with the outer walls of the frustum A and the frustum D.

4. The equal clearance clamping and back pressure regulating device for inner wall annular groove structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing gasket is provided on the lower end surface of each sector-shaped boss (4).

5. The equal clearance clamping and back pressure regulating device for inner wall annular groove structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the frustum A has the same diameter as the top of the frustum B and they are butted together; the bottom of the frustum B has the same diameter as the neck of the frustum C and they are butted together; the bottom of the frustum C has the same diameter as the top of the frustum D and they are butted together.

6. The equal clearance clamping and back pressure regulating device for inner wall annular groove structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The notch (7) is rectangular.

7. The equal clearance clamping and back pressure regulating device for inner wall annular groove structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material of the hollow pipe (3) is flexible ABS plastic.

8. A method for using the device for gap clamping and back pressure adjustment of an inner wall annular groove structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps are: 1) Insert the end of the tool cathode (1) with the processing surface parallel to the upper end of the hollow pipe (3), move the tool cathode (1) vertically until the upper end face of the processing surface is parallel to the lower end face of the fan-shaped boss (4) of the hollow pipe (3), and then insert 0.3mm-0.5mm after carving a mark on the upper end of the tool cathode (1), and tighten the nut on the upper end of the hollow pipe (3) to fix the tool cathode (1); 2) Insert the anode workpiece (5) parallel to the lower end of the hollow pipe (3), move the anode workpiece (5) vertically until the upper end surface fits the lower end surface of the fan-shaped boss (4), and tighten the nut at the lower end of the hollow pipe (3) to fix the anode workpiece (5); 3) Continue to tighten the nut on the upper end of the hollow pipe (3), so that the fan-shaped boss (4) at the cone C converges toward the center, and the area of the machining gap outlet section decreases. That is, by rotating the nut (2) on the upper end of the hollow pipe (3), the back pressure of the machining gap is adjusted until the fan-shaped boss (4) contacts the tool cathode; 4) The electrolyte flows in from the upper port of the tool cathode (1), passes through the gap between the tool cathode (1) and the anode workpiece (5), participates in the electrochemical reaction, and flows out from the back pressure formed by the fan-shaped boss (4).

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