Composite bacteria for preventing litter degradation of fire-resistant landscape tree species, and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of composite bacteria for preventing fire landscape tree species litter degradation and its preparation method and application, by the synergistic effect of bacillus, coriolus versicolor, coriolus, trichoderma koningii, aspergillus niger, yeast and lactobacillus, it will be " change harm into treasure " to dry branch and fallen leaves, realize the rapid degradation of dry branch and fallen leaves and other organic litter, reduce the combustible under forest, and become the organic fertilizer of forest trees.The application has the functions of multiple composite bacteria, can be used for the rapid degradation of dry branch and fallen leaves of fire-prevention forest belt landscape tree species, contains multiple functional bacteria, and the activity of each strain is high, the selected strains do not produce antagonism by mutual synergistic effect, fermentation material is heated quickly and the temperature is high, degradation is thorough and time is short, and a large number of functional bacteria are reproduced, after multiple functional bacteria enter soil, can fix nitrogen, decompose phosphorus and potassium, increase soil nutrients, improve soil structure and improve fertilizer utilization rate, reduce forest fire hazards.The preparation method of the degradation agent is simple, easy to operate and low in production cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry, and particularly relates to a compound bacteria for degradation of fallen leaves of fireproof landscape tree species and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Underground combustible material of fireproof forest belt is an important factor affecting forest fire occurrence and spread. At present, the United States, Canada and other countries have developed technologies for accelerating the degradation and recycling of combustible materials. The annual amount of cellulose on earth is 4.0 x 1010 tons through photosynthesis, but only a small part is used by people. According to the survey, on 1 hm2 of forest land with dense forest, 1.5-5.0 t of organic matter (dry weight) can be added to the ground per year through fallen leaves, branches, fruits and bark, of which fallen leaves account for about 70% of the total. The main component of the fallen leaves is cellulose, and the degradation of these celluloses is an indispensable process to maintain the carbon balance in nature. About 85 billion tons of carbon in the form of carbon dioxide is returned to the atmosphere every year. On the other hand, the nutrients in the fallen leaves are the nutrients required for the growth and development of forest plants. It has been reported that the total nitrogen returned to the soil by forest decomposition of fallen leaves accounts for 70%-80% of the total nitrogen required for forest growth, the total phosphorus accounts for 65%-80%, and the total potassium accounts for 30%-40%. The main components of forest litter are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, in addition to a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium and other elements and effective components such as protein and amino acid. Because the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin macromolecules in the fallen leaves are closely combined together, and there are a large amount of waxes or wax layers on the surface, the structure formed by these substances is very stable, and it takes a long time to decompose and is not completely decomposed under natural conditions. Direct degradation and decomposition of forest fallen branches and leaves often brings many adverse effects. With the increasing thickness of the fallen branches and leaves layer, slow oxidation in the soil can easily lead to a relative decrease in the effective components of some elements in the soil, thereby forming a barrier between the soil and the air, and producing some harmful substances to the roots of the trees, causing tree seedling burning, seedling death and root rot and other adverse effects. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop microbial degradation agents for fallen leaves degradation, large-area rapid decomposition of fallen leaves layer, reduction of fallen branches and leaves amount, and conversion of harm into fertilizer, which can directly reduce the occurrence of forest fires.

[0003] The decomposition of combustible material can be accelerated by mixed growth of different organisms or by introducing fungi and microorganisms. The flammability of a forest depends mainly on the amount and flammability of combustible material in the forest. If the rate of accumulation of litter is greater than the rate of decomposition, the amount of litter in the forest will increase, and a fire will occur under suitable conditions. Mixed growth of coniferous and broad-leaved trees or mixed growth of coniferous trees and broad-leaved shrubs that decompose easily can accelerate the decomposition of coniferous tree litter, reduce the accumulation of combustible material, and improve the soil. Spraying of fungi in a forest can produce large amounts of agaric and mushroom, and can decompose large amounts of cellulose and hemicellulose, thereby reducing the flammability of combustible material. Microorganisms and active enzymes that can rapidly decompose combustible material can also be cultivated or screened by biological engineering, and applied to a forest, so that the litter and weeds of the forest trees are rapidly converted into fertilizer. At present, there are many methods for degrading cellulose, including biological and chemical methods, but microbial degradation is the most concerned. Microorganisms that can degrade cellulose include fungi, bacteria, and actinomycetes; the main research at home and abroad has focused on filamentous fungi such as Trichoderma, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Rhizopus, and Myrothecium. At present, fungi are mainly used to produce cellulase by fermentation, and these fungi have been thoroughly studied at home and abroad, especially Trichoderma, which is generally considered to be a high-yield strain of cellulase.

[0004] Trichoderma viride and Aspergillus niger are considered to be the most stable and non-toxic safe strains of cellulase production. T. koningii, T. pseudokoningii are also the better cellulase production bacteria at present. Therefore, it is particularly important to isolate cellulose-degrading bacteria with fast growth and high enzyme activity from nature. The use of degrading strains to form a degrading agent can degrade fallen branches and leaves under the forest, and the fallen branches and leaves can be "waste to treasure" to realize the recycling of resources. The rapid degradation of organic litter such as fallen branches and leaves can make the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium and trace elements and effective components such as protein and amino acid contained in the litter become the nutrients required for plant growth; and a large amount of beneficial microorganisms can be produced to activate the nutrient elements in the soil, promote the effective of the nutrient elements, reduce the occurrence of nutrient deficiency of trees, and have a certain control effect on soil-borne diseases; the functional bacteria in the soil can fix nitrogen, decompose phosphorus and potassium, increase soil nutrients and improve soil structure. In recent years, many scholars have done a lot of research on degrading agents. For example, CN102199564B discloses a kind of composite microbial inoculant for directly degrading crop straw and returning to field and a preparation method, the preparation is prepared by Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus niger, T. pseudokoningii, Phlebia flavido-ochracea and Streptomyces albus according to a certain mass percentage, and the preparation steps are: a, single culture of various strains, liquid culture is carried out first, and then solid culture; b, then the various bacterial agents are stirred and mixed according to a certain mass ratio to obtain a composite microbial preparation. The present application can be used for straw degradation, so that the straw can be used more reasonably. However, the bacterial agent still has the problems of single function, low activity of bacterial strains, slow temperature rise, low temperature, incomplete degradation and the like, especially the degradation of fallen branches and leaves of trees needs to be discussed.

[0005] Most of the existing degrading agents are only used for single straw degradation or manure degradation, have relatively single function, have low content of effective viable bacteria of the degrading agent, have low activity, have incomplete degradation, have slow temperature rise of fermentation materials during the degradation process, have low temperature, have long degradation time, have slow degradation of fallen branches and leaves of trees, have complex preparation method, and have poor pertinence. In summary, at present, people mainly concentrate on the screening of single strain, either study lignin-degrading bacteria or study cellulose-degrading bacteria, and a composite bacterial group with good effect on degrading fallen branches and leaves of trees has not been found. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a kind of composite bacteria for degrading fallen branches and leaves of fireproof landscape trees, and through the synergistic effect of the composite bacteria, the fallen branches and leaves are "waste to treasure", the organic litter such as fallen branches and leaves is rapidly degraded, and becomes organic fertilizer for trees.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0008] A composite bacteria for preventing the degradation of litter of fireproof landscape tree species, characterized by comprising the following bacteria in parts by weight: Bacillus 3-20 parts, Postia placenta 5608 2-17 parts, Polystictus versicolor 83971 2-17 parts, Trichoderma koningii 84489 2-17 parts, Aspergillus niger 86958 4-20 parts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 3-20 parts, and Lactobacillus 1-12 parts.

[0009] Further, the Bacillus includes Bacillus subtilis and Brevibacillus laterosporus, and the weight ratio of the two is 1:1.

[0010] Preferably, the effective viable cell number of each bacteria in the composite bacteria is respectively:

[0011] The effective viable cell number of Bacillus is 5-15 hundred million cfu / g; Bacillus subtilis is widely used in bio-fertilizer. When acting on crops or soil, it can colonize in the rhizosphere or body of crops and play a specific fertilizer effect. At present, microbial fertilizer can improve soil fertility, has certain nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization and potassium solubilization effect, improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer, inhibit the absorption of nitrate nitrogen, heavy metals and pesticides by crops, purify and repair the soil, reduce the occurrence of crop diseases, promote the degradation and utilization of crop litter and urban waste, has the functions of adsorption and biodegradation of phenanthrene and benzopyrene in soil, and is widely used in sewage treatment and bio-fertilizer fermentation or fermentation bed production, and is a multifunctional microorganism.

[0012] The effective viable count of Poria vailantii is 1-8 billion cfu / g; Poria vailantii has a thin and membranous peridium, and is flat on the substrate and not easy to peel off, generally expanding to the four corners, and the shape is irregular. The base layer is white, about 1 mm thick, and the cotton-like mycelium invades the bark and cortex of the wood. The edge of the fruit body is thin and has no sub-layer. The trachea is 0.5-2 mm long, milky white when fresh, and turns into wood white to light brown after drying, often with irregular linear cracks, thus exposing the base layer of cotton-like mycelium. The pore is the same color as the trachea, round or polygonal or wavy mycelium. The pore is the same color as the trachea, round or polygonal or wavy mycelium. There are 2-4 pores per mm, and the pore is full or slightly serrated. The basidium is rod-shaped with 4 small stems. The spore is oval with inclusions. Poria vailantii is an important wood-decaying fungus, with strong decay power, causing brown decay of trees, logs, building timber and railway sleepers. It can produce D-gluconic acid (CH2OH(CHOH)4COOH).

[0013] The effective viable count of Trametes versicolor is 1-8 billion cfu / g; Trametes versicolor is a colorful corticioid fungus, and the fruit body is annual. It is leathery to semi-fibrous, lateral, and often overlaps like tiles, often connected to the left and right, and often forms a rosette shape around the fruit body on the cut surface of the felled log or the log. The cap is semicircular to conchiform, (1-6) cm x (1-10) cm, 1-3 mm thick; the cap is white at first, gradually darkening, with dense fine wool, varying in length, gray, white, brown, blue, purple, black and other colors, forming concentric ring patterns. Ecological environment: It grows on the dead standing trees, fallen trees, dead branches and senescent live trees of various broad-leaved trees, and occasionally on the decayed wood of coniferous trees such as larch and black pine. It is distributed all over the country. In the metabolic activities of growth and development, enzymes, proteins, fatty acids, amino acids, peptides, polysaccharides (see carbohydrates), alkaloids, sterols, terpenes, glycosides and vitamins with pharmacological activity or inhibitory or therapeutic effect on human diseases can be produced in the mycelium, sclerotium or fruit body.

[0014] The effective viable count of Trichoderma koningii is 2-9 billion cfu / g; Trichoderma koningii is an important component of soil microorganisms, and soil rich in organic matter, decaying wood, plant rhizosphere, etc. are good habitats. Studies have begun to focus on Trichoderma, which is widely used in biological control, biological fertilizer and soil conditioner. Trichoderma koningii can produce bacteria, compete for nutrients, micro-parasitize, cell wall-decomposing enzymes, and induce plant resistance, etc. Trichoderma koningii can use organic fertilizer as a carrier to grow and reproduce, increase the number of beneficial microorganisms in the root system of trees, and improve the microbial community structure of the root system of trees. Organic fertilizer provides nutrition for trees, which can promote tree growth.

[0015] The effective viable cell number of Aspergillus niger is 1-1 billion cfu / g; Aspergillus niger is the main production strain of xylanase, acid protease, cellulase, phytase, pectinase, glucose oxidase, citric acid, etc.; Aspergillus niger contains almost the entire set of decomposition enzymes for botanical raw materials, and is the most powerful microorganism in nature; the enzyme preparation produced by Aspergillus niger has a significant degradation effect on many natural substrates in nature. Aspergillus niger is an internationally recognized safe and beneficial microorganism, widely used in the production of biological feed additives, and can be directly used as a beneficial microorganism in feed. In the feed additive catalogues published in China and the United States, Aspergillus niger is listed in the directory of feedable microorganisms. In the list of microorganisms published by the FDA in the United States that can be directly fed, Aspergillus niger ranks first. Therefore, Aspergillus niger is a green and safe feed additive product with rich enzyme production. Aspergillus niger has a wide range of applications, and can be applied to feed, fertilizer, and degradation agent.

[0016] The effective viable cell number of yeast is 1-10 billion cfu / g; basic characteristics: single cell; oval, round or columnar. 1-5um wide, 5-30um long. Yeast is a single-cell fungus, not a systematic evolutionary classification unit. A tiny single-cell microorganism that cannot be seen with the naked eye, can ferment sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide, is distributed throughout nature, is a typical heterotrophic facultative anaerobic microorganism, and can survive under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. It is a natural leavening agent. Yeast can activate the soil, cultivate the land, decompose phosphorus and potassium, fix nitrogen and carbon, improve the ecological environment of the soil, increase the content of available nutrients in the soil, and make the fertilizer have significant fertilizer effect.

[0017] The effective viable cell number of lactic acid bacteria is 1-10 billion cfu / g. Lactic acid bacteria have the effects of promoting nutrition, inhibiting bacteria, preventing diseases, alleviating heavy metal and pesticide toxicity, etc. Lactic acid bacteria can improve the soil, increase the fertility, increase many trace elements needed in the soil, improve the acid, alkali, sticky, sandy, easy to collapse and easy to dry, and other bad properties of the soil; also can inhibit the survival and reproduction of harmful microorganisms, reduce and gradually eliminate soil-borne diseases and continuous cropping obstacles; decompose residual pesticides, and reduce the soil to an antioxidant state; lactic acid bacteria are the safest and edible agricultural microorganism strains at present, and have broad application prospects in soil improvement, plant nutrition promotion and disease green prevention and control.

[0018] The present application is a composite bacteria, each of which is a present bacteria, and Postia placenta 5608, Polystictus versicolor 83971, Trichoderma koningii 84489 and Aspergillus niger 86958 are provided by China Microbial Culture Collection Center (ccfc). Bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus are commercially purchased. The multi-strain composite bacteria system composed of fungi and bacteria has a significantly stronger ability to decompose cellulose of fallen leaves than any single strain. The multi-strain composite bacteria system contains more than ten billion efficient organic matter decomposition bacteria and enzyme activity, which can quickly decompose fallen leaves, and the performance of the multi-strain composite bacteria system is complementary to solid-state fermentation. Trichoderma and Aspergillus niger can utilize cellulase and xylanase produced by them, respectively, to degrade cellulose and hemicellulose of fallen leaves. Polystictus versicolor, also known as Coriolopsis, can utilize the produced laccase to remove the lignin barrier, which is not only conducive to the better combination of cellulase and xylanase with the substrate, but also accelerates the degradation process of fallen leaves. In the process of lignin degradation, a large amount of lignin degradation intermediates such as vanillin, eugenol and eugenol acid are released, which can be used as natural mediators for catalytic reaction of laccase, so as to realize high-efficiency and rapid degradation of cellulose and lignin of fallen leaves. At the same time, Trichoderma, Postia and Aspergillus niger are the core, and Polystictus versicolor, Brevibacillus laterosporus and bacteria are the synergistic fermentation strains. The multi-strain composite bacteria system can accelerate the rapid degradation and decay of fallen leaves, realize low-cost and high-efficiency degradation and maturation of fallen leaves, and further become a fertilizer for forest trees.

[0019] Further, the present application also provides a preparation method of the composite bacteria for degrading fallen leaves of fireproof landscape tree species, comprising the following steps:

[0020] (1) fermenting and culturing Postia placenta, Polystictus versicolor, Trichoderma koningii and Aspergillus niger respectively to obtain fermentation liquor;

[0021] The fermentation liquor is centrifuged and treated, and then the mycelium is taken; the mycelium is mixed with an adsorbent and an auxiliary material, and then low-temperature hot air drying is performed to obtain a bacterial powder;

[0022] (2) mixing the bacterial powder obtained in step (1) with commercially purchased Bacillus, Saccharomyces and Lactobacillus to obtain the composite bacteria.

[0023] Specifically, in step (1), the fermentation culture conditions of each of the Phaeolus schweinitzii, Trametes versicolor, Trichoderma koningii and Aspergillus niger are as follows: the bacteria are picked from the slant strain preservation test tube to the flat plate culture, and then to the shake flask culture, the culture temperature is 28-30 DEG C, and the culture time is 20-24h; then the fermented first seed is inoculated into the second seed fermentation tank at an inoculation amount of 4-6%, the culture temperature is 28-30 DEG C, and the culture time is 10-12h; then the fermented second seed is inoculated into the sterilized culture medium production fermentation tank for fermentation; the fermentation temperature is controlled at 28-30 DEG C, the pH value is 5-6, and the fermentation is carried out for 30-56h to obtain the bacterial fermentation liquid product; the adsorbent and the auxiliary material are added into the bacterial fermentation liquid product, and the low-temperature drying is carried out, so that the moisture content of the dried product reaches 8-10% to obtain the product.

[0024] Further, in step (1), the culture medium used by each strain is as follows: protein peptone 5g / L -1 , NH4NO3 8g / L -1 , yeast powder 5g / L -1 , potassium chloride 10g / L -1 , KH2PO4 12g / L -1 , ammonium sulfate 8g / L -1 , glucose 50g / L -1 , Tween-80 0.2g / L -1 , water 902g / L -1 , pH value 6; all the culture media are sterilized by 1x10 5 Pa for 30min and then cooled for use.

[0025] Preferably, in step (1), the adsorbent is bentonite, and the amount added is 1:1 based on the weight of the bacteria; the auxiliary material is attapulgite clay, and the amount added is 5-10 times the weight of the fermentation liquid.

[0026] Preferably, in step (1), the low-temperature hot air drying is carried out at 45-80 DEG C for 50-90min.

[0027] Specifically, in step (2), the Bacillus is Bacillus subtilis and Brevibacillus laterosporus; the Bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus, yeast and lactic acid bacteria are all commercially purchased from Jining Jinyi Bacteria Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and Hubei Qiming Biological Engineering Co., Ltd.

[0028] Further, the application also protects the application of the above-mentioned complex bacteria in degrading the litter of the fireproof landscape tree species.

[0029] Beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) The present application is based on the fireproof forest belt landscape tree species, a batch of cellulose-degrading fungi and bacteria are screened and introduced, and the degradation parameters are optimized through single factor and combined tests, analysis and other preliminary studies. The optimized degradation strain is used to form a composite microbial population to rapidly degrade the fallen branches and leaves under the forest, and the fallen branches and leaves are "waste into treasure" to realize the rapid degradation of organic litter such as fallen branches and leaves, and the rapid reduction of the number of fallen branches and leaves under the forest, and become organic fertilizer for forest trees. The composite bacteria are widely used in the degradation of fallen branches and leaves of fireproof forest belt landscape tree species. The degradation product can be directly used as forest fertilizer and recycled, which is of great significance for reducing forest fires and effectively utilizing resources.

[0031] (2) The composite bacteria have multiple functions and can be used for rapid degradation of fallen branches and leaves of fireproof forest belt landscape tree species. The composite bacteria contain a variety of functional bacteria with high activity, and the selected strains have synergistic effect without antagonism. The fermentation material is heated quickly and at a high temperature (can kill insect eggs, harmful bacteria and grass seeds), the degradation is complete and the time is short, and a large number of functional bacteria are reproduced. After the multiple functional bacteria enter the soil, they can fix nitrogen, decompose phosphorus and potassium, increase soil nutrients, improve soil structure and improve fertilizer utilization rate. The preparation method of the degradation agent is simple, easy to operate and low in production cost. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present application can be better understood according to the following examples.

[0033] In the present application, the Postia placenta 5608, Polystictus versicolor 83971, Trichoderma koningii 84489 and Aspergillus niger 86958 strains are provided by China Microbial Culture Collection Center (cfcc) of Forestry Microorganisms. The Postia placenta has a preservation number of cfcc 5608, the Polystictus versicolor has a preservation number of cfcc 83971, the Trichoderma koningii has a preservation number of cfcc 84489, and the Aspergillus niger has a preservation number of cfcc 86958.

[0034] The Bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporu, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus are commercially purchased. They are purchased from Jining Jinyi Bacteria Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and Hubei Qiming Biological Engineering Co., Ltd.

[0035] The fermentation culture of each strain is as follows:

[0036] Fermentation culture of Phlebia tremellose: the bacteria colony is picked from the slant culture tube to the shake flask culture, the culture temperature is 30℃, and the culture time is 20-24h; then the fermented first-stage seed is inoculated into the second-stage seed fermenter at an inoculation amount of 5%, the culture temperature is 30℃, and the culture time is 10-12h; then the fermented second-stage seed is inoculated into the sterilized culture medium production fermenter at an inoculation amount of 5% for fermentation; the fermentation is controlled at a temperature of 30℃ and pH value of 6, and the fermentation is carried out for 52h to obtain the bacterial fermentation liquid product; the same weight of bentonite and 5-10 times mass of dry attapulgite clay (water content less than 5%) are added into the bacterial fermentation liquid product, and low-temperature drying is carried out at 45-50℃, and the water content of the dried product reaches 8-10% to obtain the required product. The culture medium of the Phlebia tremellose is: 5g / L of proteose peptone -1 , 8g / L of NH4NO3 -1 , 5g / L of yeast powder -1 , 10g / L of potassium chloride -1 , 12g / L of KH2PO4 -1 , 8g / L of ammonium sulfate -1 , 50g / L of glucose -1 , 0.2g / L of Tween-80 -1 , 902g / L of water -1 . All the above culture media are sterilized at 1x10 5 Pa for 30min and then cooled for use.

[0037] Fermentation culture of Phlebia tremellose: the bacteria colony is picked from the slant culture tube to the shake flask culture, the culture temperature is 30℃, and the culture time is 20-24h; then the fermented first-stage seed is inoculated into the second-stage seed fermenter at an inoculation amount of 5%, the culture temperature is 30℃, and the culture time is 10-12h; then the fermented second-stage seed is inoculated into the sterilized culture medium production fermenter at an inoculation amount of 5% for fermentation; the fermentation is controlled at a temperature of 30℃ and pH value of 6, and the fermentation is carried out for 52h to obtain the bacterial fermentation liquid product; the same weight of bentonite and 5-10 times mass of dry attapulgite clay (water content less than 5%) are added into the bacterial fermentation liquid product, and low-temperature drying is carried out at 45-50℃, and the water content of the dried product reaches 8-10% to obtain the required product. The culture medium of the Phlebia tremellose is: 5g / L of proteose peptone -1 , 8g / L of NH4NO3 -1 , 5g / L of yeast powder -1 , 10g / L of potassium chloride -1 , 12g / L of KH2PO4 -1 , 8g / L of ammonium sulfate -1 , 50g / L of glucose -1 , 0.2g / L of Tween-80 -1 , 902g / L of water -1The medium sterilization method is the same as above.

[0038] The Trichoderma koningii fermentation culture is as follows: the colony is picked from the slant strain preservation test tube to a shake flask culture, the culture temperature is 28°C, and the culture time is 22-24h; then the fermented first-stage seed is inoculated into a second-stage seed fermenter at an inoculation amount of 5%, the culture temperature is 28°C, and the culture time is 10-12h; then the fermented second-stage seed is inoculated into a sterilized culture medium production fermenter at an inoculation amount of 5% for fermentation; the fermentation is controlled at a temperature of 28°C, a pH value of 6, and a ventilation oxygen consumption for 56h to obtain the mycelium fermentation liquid product; the same weight of bentonite and 5-10 times the mass of dry attapulgite clay (water content less than 5%) are added to the mycelium fermentation liquid product, and low-temperature drying is performed at 45-50°C, so that the water content of the dried product reaches 8-10% to obtain the required product. The Trichoderma koningii culture medium is as follows: peptone 5g / L -1 , NH4NO38g / L -1 , yeast powder 5g / L -1 , potassium chloride 10g / L -1 , KH2PO412g / L -1 , ammonium sulfate 8g / L -1 , glucose 50g / L -1 , Tween-800.2g / L -1 , water 902g / L -1 The medium sterilization method is the same as above.

[0039] The Aspergillus niger fermentation culture is as follows: the colony is picked from the slant strain preservation test tube to a shake flask culture, the culture temperature is 28°C, and the culture time is 22-24h; then the fermented first-stage seed is inoculated into a second-stage seed fermenter at an inoculation amount of 5%, the culture temperature is 28°C, and the culture time is 10-12h; then the fermented second-stage seed is inoculated into a sterilized culture medium production fermenter at an inoculation amount of 5% for fermentation; the fermentation is controlled at a temperature of 28°C, a pH value of 6, and a ventilation oxygen consumption for 56h to obtain the mycelium fermentation liquid product; the same weight of bentonite and 5-10 times the mass of dry attapulgite clay (water content less than 5%) are added to the mycelium fermentation liquid product, and low-temperature drying is performed at 45-50°C, so that the water content of the dried product reaches 8-10% to obtain the required product. The Aspergillus niger culture medium is as follows: peptone 5g / L -1 , NH4NO38g / L -1 , yeast powder 5g / L -1 , potassium chloride 10g / L -1 , KH2PO412g / L -1 , ammonium sulfate 8g / L -1 , glucose 50g / L -1 , Tween-800.2g / L -1 , water 902g / L -1The medium sterilization method is the same as above.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] A composite bacteria for preventing the degradation of litter of fireproof landscape tree species is prepared by the following steps:

[0042] (1) The Phaeolus gilvus, Trametes versicolor, Trichoderma koningii and Aspergillus niger are respectively fermented according to the steps of the preparation of the bacteria to obtain the fermentation liquor;

[0043] (2) The mycelium is obtained after the fermentation liquor is centrifuged and treated;

[0044] (3) The mycelium is mixed with the adsorbent bentonite and the auxiliary material attapulgite clay which is 5 times the weight of the fermentation liquor at a ratio of 1:1 according to the weight of the mycelium, and then hot air dried at 45°C for 50 minutes to obtain the bacteria powder;

[0045] (4) The bacteria powder obtained above is mixed with the commercially purchased Bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus, yeast and lactic acid bacteria according to the weight ratio, and the weight ratio of each bacteria powder and each bacteria is:

[0046] Bacillus 5 parts (Bacillus subtilis and Brevibacillus laterosporus are configured according to a ratio of 1:1 of the weight of the bacteria powder); Phaeolus gilvus 5 parts, Trametes versicolor 5 parts, Trichoderma koningii 5 parts, Aspergillus niger 5 parts, yeast 5 parts and lactic acid bacteria 5 parts;

[0047] Inspection, packaging, and obtaining the microbial litter degradation bacteria agent.

[0048] After detection, the effective viable count of the mixed culture bacteria obtained by the above preparation method is: Phaeolus gilvus 100 million cfu / g, Trametes versicolor 100 million cfu / g, Trichoderma koningii 200 million cfu / g, Aspergillus niger 100 million cfu / g, Bacillus 500 million cfu / g, yeast 100 million cfu / g, and lactic acid bacteria 100 million cfu / g.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] A composite bacteria for preventing the degradation of litter of fireproof landscape tree species is prepared by the following steps:

[0051] (1) The Phaeolus gilvus, Trametes versicolor, Trichoderma koningii and Aspergillus niger are respectively fermented according to the steps of the preparation of the bacteria to obtain the fermentation liquor;

[0052] (2) The mycelium is obtained after the fermentation liquor is centrifuged and treated;

[0053] (3) The obtained mycelium is mixed with the adsorbent bentonite and the auxiliary material attapulgite clay at 9 times the weight of the fermentation broth at a ratio of 1:1 by weight of the mycelium, and then hot air dried at a low temperature of 55°C for 70 minutes to obtain each strain powder;

[0054] (4) The obtained strain powder is mixed with commercially purchased Bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus, yeast and lactic acid bacteria according to the weight ratio, and each strain powder and each strain weight ratio is:

[0055] Bacillus 10 parts (Bacillus subtilis and Brevibacillus laterosporus are configured at a ratio of 1:1 by weight of the strain powder), Poria vailantii 8 parts, Trametes versicolor 8 parts, Trichoderma koningii 8 parts, and Aspergillus niger 10 parts, yeast 5 parts, and lactic acid bacteria 9 parts;

[0056] Test, package, and obtain microbial litter degradation agent.

[0057] The effective viable count of the mixed culture obtained by the above preparation method is: Poria vailantii 200 million cfu / g, Trametes versicolor 200 million cfu / g, Trichoderma koningii 200 million cfu / g, Aspergillus niger 200 million cfu / g, Bacillus 600 million cfu / g, yeast 200 million cfu / g, and lactic acid bacteria 200 million cfu / g.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] A composite bacteria for preventing litter degradation of fireproof landscape tree species is prepared by the following steps:

[0060] (1) Poria vailantii, Trametes versicolor, Trichoderma koningii and Aspergillus niger are respectively fermented according to the steps of strain preparation to obtain fermentation broth;

[0061] (2) The obtained fermentation broth is centrifuged and treated to obtain mycelium;

[0062] (3) The obtained mycelium is mixed with the adsorbent bentonite and the auxiliary material attapulgite clay at 9 times the weight of the fermentation broth at a ratio of 1:1 by weight of the mycelium, and then hot air dried at a low temperature of 55°C for 70 minutes to obtain each strain powder;

[0063] (4) The obtained strain powder is mixed with commercially purchased Bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus, yeast and lactic acid bacteria according to the weight ratio, and each strain powder and each strain weight ratio is:

[0064] Bacillus 15 parts (Bacillus subtilis and Brevibacillus laterosporus are configured at a ratio of 1:1 by weight of the strain powder), Poria vailantii 12 parts, Trametes versicolor 12 parts, Trichoderma koningii 13 parts, Aspergillus niger 15 parts, yeast 10 parts, and lactic acid bacteria 15 parts.

[0065] Test, package, get microbial litter degradation agent.

[0066] The above preparation method obtains the effective viable cell number of the mixed culture strains: 300 million cfu / g of P. pellitum, 300 million cfu / g of P. ostreatus, 300 million cfu / g of T. koningii, 300 million cfu / g of A. niger, 700 million cfu / g of Bacillus, 300 million cfu / g of yeast, and 300 million cfu / g of lactic acid bacteria.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] A composite bacteria for preventing litter degradation of fireproof landscape tree species is prepared by the following steps:

[0069] (1) Ferment P. pellitum, P. ostreatus, T. koningii, and A. niger respectively according to the strain preparation steps to obtain fermentation liquor;

[0070] (2) Centrifuge and treat the fermentation liquor to obtain mycelium;

[0071] (3) Mix the obtained mycelium with adsorbent bentonite and 10 times the weight of the fermentation liquor with auxiliary material attapulgite clay uniformly, and then dry at 60°C low temperature for 80 minutes to obtain a strain powder;

[0072] (4) Mix the obtained strain powder with commercially purchased Bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria uniformly according to the weight fraction ratio, and the weight fraction ratio of each strain powder and each strain is:

[0073] Bacillus 20 parts (Bacillus subtilis and Brevibacillus laterosporus are configured according to a 1:1 ratio of strain powder weight), P. pellitum 15 parts, P. ostreatus 15 parts, T. koningii 15 parts, A. niger 20 parts, yeast 15 parts, and lactic acid bacteria 15 parts.

[0074] Test, package, get microbial litter degradation agent.

[0075] The above preparation method obtains the effective viable cell number of the mixed culture strains: 300 million cfu / g of P. pellitum, 300 million cfu / g of P. ostreatus, 300 million cfu / g of T. koningii, 300 million cfu / g of A. niger, 700 million cfu / g of Bacillus, 300 million cfu / g of yeast, and 300 million cfu / g of lactic acid bacteria.

[0076] Example 5

[0077] A composite bacteria for preventing litter degradation of fireproof landscape tree species is prepared by the following steps:

[0078] (1) According to the steps of strain preparation, Phlebia tremulans, Trametes versicolor, Trichoderma koningii and Aspergillus niger were respectively fermented to obtain fermentation broth;

[0079] (2) The obtained fermentation broth was centrifuged and treated to obtain mycelium;

[0080] (3) The obtained mycelium was mixed with adsorbent bentonite and 12 times the weight of the fermentation broth of the auxiliary material attapulgite clay at a ratio of 1:1, and then dried at 65°C for 85 minutes to obtain each strain powder;

[0081] (4) The obtained strain powder was mixed with commercially purchased Bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus, yeast and lactic acid bacteria according to the weight fraction ratio, and the weight fraction ratio of each strain powder and each strain was:

[0082] Bacillus 20 parts (Bacillus subtilis and Brevibacillus laterosporus were prepared according to a ratio of 1:1 of strain powder weight), Phlebia tremulans 17 parts, Trametes versicolor 17 parts, Trichoderma koningii 17 parts, Aspergillus niger 20 parts, yeast 20 parts, and lactic acid bacteria 12 parts.

[0083] Inspection and packaging to obtain microbial litter degradation agent.

[0084] The effective viable count of the mixed culture obtained by the above preparation method is: Phlebia tremulans 500 million cfu / g, Trametes versicolor 400 million cfu / g, Trichoderma koningii 500 million cfu / g, Aspergillus niger 500 million cfu / g, Bacillus 1.2 billion cfu / g, yeast 500 million cfu / g, and lactic acid bacteria 600 million cfu / g.

[0085] Example 6

[0086] A kind of composite bacteria for preventing fire landscape tree species litter degradation is prepared by the following steps:

[0087] (1) According to the steps of strain preparation, Phlebia tremulans, Trametes versicolor, Trichoderma koningii and Aspergillus niger were respectively fermented to obtain fermentation broth;

[0088] (2) The obtained fermentation broth was centrifuged and treated to obtain mycelium;

[0089] (3) The obtained mycelium was mixed with adsorbent bentonite and 15 times the weight of the fermentation broth of the auxiliary material attapulgite clay at a ratio of 1:1, and then dried at 70°C for 80 minutes to obtain each strain powder;

[0090] (4) The obtained strain powder was mixed with commercially purchased Bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus, yeast and lactic acid bacteria according to the weight fraction ratio, and the weight fraction ratio of each strain powder and each strain was:

[0091] Bacillus 15 parts (Bacillus subtilis and Brevibacillus laterosporus in a 1:1 ratio), Postia placenta 16 parts, Polystictus versicolor 16 parts, Trichoderma koningii 16 parts, Aspergillus niger 19 parts, yeast 18 parts, lactic acid bacteria 10 parts.

[0092] The test and packaging were performed to obtain the microbial litter degradation agent.

[0093] The effective viable cell count of the mixed culture obtained by the above preparation method was: Postia placenta 8 billion cfu / g, Polystictus versicolor 8 billion cfu / g, Trichoderma koningii 9 billion cfu / g, Aspergillus niger 10 billion cfu / g, Bacillus 15 billion cfu / g, yeast 10 billion cfu / g, and lactic acid bacteria 10 billion cfu / g.

[0094] Example 7

[0095] Through the degradation experiment of 12 kinds of fire-prevention forest landscape tree species of fallen branches and leaves by 11 strains, three strong degradation strains of Postia placenta (Pp), Trichoderma koningii (Tk1) and Polystictus versicolor (Pv) were screened out; the average weight loss rate of the three strains used alone and in combination on the fallen branches and leaves of Machilus chinensis, Photinia serratifolia and Schima superba was 54.3% ± 2.3% and 62.1% ± 3.3%, respectively. The three strains screened out used alone and in combination, Pp+Pv, Pv+Tk1 and Pp+Tk1, the three binary mixed strains can significantly improve the degradation effect on the fallen branches and leaves, which lays a foundation for the research and development of compound biocontrol agents. 1)

[0096] Based on the previous experiments, the orthogonal test of four factors and four levels was carried out by comparing the optimization results and variance analysis results of strain single use, double strain combination, compound microbial agent I (the agent combination of Example 2) and compound microbial agent II (the agent combination of Example 1), as shown in Table 1. The influence of the four factors on the degradation rate of fallen branches and leaves from high to low is compound microbial agent I > compound microbial agent II > double strain combination > strain single use, and the optimal microbial agent component is compound microbial agent I, indicating that the compound microbial agent I has significant mutual synergistic effect and synergistic effect on the degradation rate of fallen branches and leaves. The orthogonal test results of four factors and four levels show that the compound microbial agent I combination of Bacillus, Postia placenta, Polystictus versicolor, Trichoderma koningii, Aspergillus niger, yeast and lactic acid bacteria has significant mutual synergistic and synergistic effect (see Table 1), which can change fallen branches and leaves into organic fertilizer, realize the rapid degradation of fallen branches and leaves and other organic litter, reduce the combustible material under the forest, and become the organic fertilizer of the forest.

[0097] Table 1 Variance analysis results of four factors ​

[0098]

[0099] Example 8

[0100] The microbial litter degradation agent of the present application is used for degradation and degradation of under-forest litter:

[0101] (1) Preparation of microbial litter degradation agent dilution: take 1 kg, 2 kg, 3 kg and 4 kg of litter degradation agent obtained in Example 1 respectively, each add synergist (the amount of sucrose and urea is 1.0 times the amount of agent), and each add 24 kg of water that can be sprayed on 1 mu, mix uniformly to obtain 4 groups of litter degradation agent dilution, and each group is evenly sprayed on 1 mu of pre-set fireproof landscape tree species forest land, and the degradation effect is observed according to the degradation process after spraying.

[0102] The application method of the fireproof landscape tree species litter degradation agent in the treatment of under-forest litter: ① Pretreatment of under-forest litter of fireproof landscape tree species: the under-forest litter of fireproof landscape tree species is crushed to 1-3 cm, and the crushed under-forest litter of fireproof landscape tree species is stacked layer by layer with a thickness of 10-30 cm, and the microbial litter degradation agent dilution is sprayed uniformly every time a layer is stacked, and the litter degradation agent dilution is sprayed once every 5-10 cm thick. ② Degradation and degradation of under-forest litter of fireproof landscape tree species: when the reaction of the mixed material pile reaches 45-50℃, start to turn over the pile, then turn over the pile every day to ventilate, oxygenate and cool down, control the material temperature at about 40℃, stop turning over the pile and ventilating after 10-15 days of fermentation, the pile temperature during fermentation is not higher than 60℃, until the under-forest litter of fireproof landscape tree species is completely degraded by rubbing, and the fermentation is ended when the color turns black. ③ The results of the degradation effect test of different amounts of fireproof landscape tree species litter degradation agent on under-forest litter show that the degradation speed is the fastest when the agent amount is 3 kg / mu and 4 kg / mu, and the degradation effects on under-forest litter are 96% and 100% respectively after 15 days, the degradation speed is the second when the agent amount is 2 kg / mu and 1 kg / mu, and the degradation effects on under-forest litter are 91% and 80% respectively after 15 days (Table 2).

[0103] Table 2. Degradation effect of different amounts of fireproof landscape tree species litter degradation agent on under-forest litter (%)

[0104] Test time: June 10, 2021

[0105]

[0106] Note: ① Additional synergist: each group of agents is added with 24 kg / acre of water before spraying, and the amount of sucrose and urea is 1.0 times the amount of the agent; ② Investigation method: 3 1m x 1m investigation quadrats are set up per acre, and the degradation process of each fallen branch and leaf is investigated; ③ According to the investigation, the degradation effect of fallen branch and leaf litter under the forest (five-level index): 0 level for normal fallen branch and leaf; 1 level for about 10% of fallen branch and leaf with fungal spots; 2 level for about 30-40% of fallen branch and leaf with fungal spots, and a small amount of fungal spots turning dark gray; 3 level for about 60-70% of fallen branch and leaf with fungal spots, nearly half with dark gray fungal spots; 4 level for fallen branch and leaf completely rotted with color turning black. The degradation effect of fallen branch and leaf litter under the forest landscape tree species of fire prevention belt (%) = control ID - treatment ID / control ID x 100, ID is the fallen branch and leaf litter degradation index of the test forest landscape tree species of fire prevention belt.

[0107] Example 9

[0108] The microbial litter degradation agent of the present application is used for the degradation of fallen branch and leaf litter under the forest:

[0109] Preparation of microbial litter degradation agent dilution: take 1 kg, 2 kg, 3 kg, and 4 kg of the litter degradation agent obtained in Example 2, respectively, each with additional synergist (each with 1.0 times the amount of sucrose and urea of the agent amount), and each with 24 kg of water that can be sprayed on 1 acre, mix uniformly to obtain 4 groups of litter degradation agent dilutions, and uniformly spray on the previously set 4 plots of 1 acre of forest landscape tree species of fire prevention belt, respectively, and observe the degradation effect according to the degradation process after spraying.

[0110] Application method of fire prevention landscape tree species litter degradation agent in fallen branch and leaf litter treatment under the forest: ① Pretreatment of fallen branch and leaf litter under the forest landscape tree species of fire prevention: same as Example 7. ② Degradation of fallen branch and leaf litter under the forest landscape tree species of fire prevention and degradation: same as Example 7. ③ The results of the degradation effect test of fallen branch and leaf litter under the forest treated with different amounts of fire prevention landscape tree species litter degradation agent show that the degradation rate is the fastest with 3 kg / acre and 4 kg / acre of the agent, and the degradation effect of fallen branch and leaf litter under the forest is 100% on 15d and 12d, respectively, the degradation rate is second with 2 kg / acre and 1 kg / acre, and the degradation effect of fallen branch and leaf litter under the forest is 98% and 82% on 15d, respectively, the results show that 2 kg / acre is relatively more economical and efficient (Table 3).

[0111] Table 3. Degradation effect (%) of fallen branch and leaf litter under the forest treated with different amounts of fire prevention landscape tree species litter degradation agent

[0112] Test time: June 10, 2021

[0113]

[0114] Note: Effect calculation is the same as Table 1.

[0115] Example 10

[0116] The microbial litter degradation agent of the present application is used for degradation and decomposition of under-forest litter:

[0117] Preparation of microbial litter degradation agent dilution: 2 kg of litter degradation agent obtained in Example 2 is added with synergist (sucrose and urea are added in an amount of 1.0 times the amount of the agent), and 24 kg of water that can be sprayed on 1 mu is added, and mixed uniformly to obtain a group of litter degradation agent dilution. The test is divided into 4 times (groups) on April 10, June 10, August 10, and October 10, and is uniformly sprayed on the 4 plots of fire-prevention landscape tree species forest land set in advance, and the degradation effect is observed according to the degradation process after spraying.

[0118] Application method of fire-prevention landscape tree species litter degradation agent in under-forest litter treatment: ① Pretreatment of under-forest litter of fire-prevention landscape tree species: same as Example 7. ② Degradation and decomposition of under-forest litter of fire-prevention landscape tree species: same as Example 7. ③ Degradation effect of 2 kg / mu of fire-prevention landscape tree species litter degradation agent on under-forest litter at different times. The test results show that the degradation rate of the test group on June 10 is the fastest, and the degradation effect on under-forest litter reaches 100% on the 15th day, the degradation effect of the test group on August 10 is the second, and the effects of the others are relatively poor. The test shows that on June 10, it is in the plum rain season, the air, ground cover and soil moisture content in the forest are very high, which is very beneficial to the fermentation of the agent and the reproduction of the strains. As long as the rain time is avoided and the use time is properly controlled, the test group can achieve good degradation effect (Table 4).

[0119] Table 4. Degradation effect of 2 kg / mu of fire-prevention landscape tree species litter degradation agent on under-forest litter (%)

[0120] Test time: 2022

[0121]

[0122] Note: the effect calculation is the same as Table 1.

[0123] It can be seen from the above table that the present application finds that Bacillus, Coniophora pellea, Coriolus versicolor, Trichoderma koningii, Aspergillus niger, yeast and lactic acid bacteria complex microbial agent I have significant mutual synergy and synergistic effect through single, double and complex microbial agent I and complex microbial agent II 4 factor 4 level orthogonal test, etc. The fallen leaves and branches are changed from harm to treasure, realizing the rapid degradation of fallen leaves and branches and other organic litter, reducing the combustible material under the forest, and becoming the organic fertilizer of the forest. The various technical performance indexes of the litter degradation microbial agent are obviously better than those of the existing similar single degradation microbial agent and their complex degradation microbial agent, and the degraded material can directly become the forest fertilizer, which is the first developed complex degradation microbial agent for the forest fallen leaves and branches litter.

[0124] The present application provides a kind of complex microbial for preventing fire landscape tree species litter degradation and its preparation method and application ideas and methods, the method and approach for specifically realizing this technical scheme are many, above-mentioned only is preferred embodiment of the present application, it should be pointed out, for the ordinary skilled person in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, can also make several improvements and refinements, these improvements and refinements also should be regarded as the protection scope of the present application. The components not explicitly described in the embodiment can be realized by existing technology.

Claims

1. A composite bacteria for preventing the degradation of litter of a fire-resistant landscape tree species, characterized by, Including the following strains by weight: 3-20 parts of Bacillus, and *Polyporus hygroscopicus* with accession number cfcc5608. Postia placenta ) 2-17 portions of Yunzhi (Citrus reticulata), collection number cfcc83971 Polystictus versicolor ) 2-17 samples of Corning Trichoderma (accession number cfcc84489) Trichoderma koningii ) 2-17 samples of Aspergillus niger, with accession number cfcc86958 Aspergillus niger 4-20 parts of yeast and 1-12 parts of lactic acid bacteria; The bacillus includes bacillus subtilis and brevibacillus laterosporus, and the weight ratio of the two is 1:

1. The effective viable cell number of each strain in the complex bacteria is as follows: the effective viable cell number of bacillus is 5-15 billion cfu / g; the effective viable cell number of postia placenta is 1-8 billion cfu / g; the effective viable cell number of coriolus versicolor is 1-8 billion cfu / g; the effective viable cell number of trichoderma koningii is 2-9 billion cfu / g; the effective viable cell number of aspergillus niger is 1-10 billion cfu / g; the effective viable cell number of yeast is 1-10 billion cfu / g; and the effective viable cell number of lactic acid bacteria is 1-10 billion cfu / g.

2. The method for preparing the complex bacteria for preventing the degradation of the litter of the fire landscape tree species according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) fermenting postia placenta, coriolus versicolor, trichoderma koningii and aspergillus niger respectively to obtain fermentation liquor; The fermentation liquor is centrifuged and treated to obtain mycelium, and then the mycelium is mixed with an adsorbent and auxiliary materials and dried by low-temperature hot air to obtain a powder of each strain; (2) mixing the powders of the strains obtained in step (1) with commercially purchased bacillus, yeast and lactic acid bacteria to obtain the complex bacteria.

3. The method for preparing the complex bacteria for preventing the degradation of the litter of the fire-resistant landscape tree species according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (1), the fermentation culture conditions of postia placenta, coriolus versicolor, trichoderma koningii and aspergillus niger are as follows: the bacteria are picked from a slant strain preservation test tube to a flat plate for culture, and then to a shake flask for culture, the culture temperature is 28-30°C, and the culture time is 20-24 h; then the fermented first-stage seed is inoculated into a second-stage seed fermenter at an inoculation amount of 4-6%, the culture temperature is 28-30°C, and the culture time is 10-12 h; then the fermented second-stage seed is inoculated into a sterile culture medium production fermenter for fermentation; the fermentation is controlled at a temperature of 28-30°C, a pH value of 5-6, and a ventilation oxygen consumption for 30-56 h to obtain a mycelium fermentation liquor product; the mycelium fermentation liquor product is added with an adsorbent and auxiliary materials, and dried at a low temperature to obtain a dried product with a water content of 8-10%.

4. The method for preparing the complex bacteria for preventing the degradation of the litter of the fire-resistant landscape tree species according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (1), the culture medium used for each strain is: peptone 5 g.L -1 , NH4NO3 8 g.L -1 , yeast powder 5 g.L -1 , potassium chloride 10 g.L -1 , KH2PO4 12 g.L -1 , ammonium sulfate 8 g.L -1 , glucose 50 g.L -1 , Tween-80 0.2 g.L -1 , water 902 g.L -1 , pH 6; all of the above culture media are sterilized with 1x10 5 Pa for 30 min and then cooled for use.

5. The method for preparing the complex bacteria for preventing the degradation of the litter of the fire-resistant landscape tree species according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (1), the adsorbent is bentonite, and the amount of the adsorbent added is 1:1 based on the weight of the mycelium; the auxiliary material is attapulgite clay, and the amount of the auxiliary material added is 5-10 times the weight of the fermentation liquor.

6. The method for preparing the complex bacteria for preventing the degradation of the litter of the fire-resistant landscape tree species according to claim 2, wherein, In step (1), the low-temperature hot air drying is performed at 45-80°C for 50-90 min.

7. The method for preparing the complex bacteria for preventing the degradation of the litter of the fire-resistant landscape tree species according to claim 2, wherein, In step (2), the bacillus is bacillus subtilis and b. laterosporus; the bacillus subtilis, b. laterosporus, yeast and lactic acid bacteria are commercially purchased.

8. The complex bacteria of claim 1 for use in degrading litter of a fire-resistant landscape tree species.

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