A uniformly variable lead-zinc squeeze damper

Abstract

A uniformly variable lead-zinc extrusion damper belongs to the technical field of dampers, and includes a damper body, wherein the damper body includes a damping material arranged in a sleeve, wherein the damping material is composed of lead and zinc, and wherein the damping material includes a plurality of material units of equal volume connected in sequence, wherein from the starting end to the end of the damping material, in each material unit, the volume percentage of zinc metal in the material unit gradually changes from 0% to 50%, and correspondingly, the volume percentage of lead metal in the material unit gradually changes from 100% to 50%. The present invention can effectively improve the post-bend stiffness, load-bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity of the existing lead metal damper.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of dampers, and in particular relates to a uniformly variable lead-zinc extrusion damper. Background Art

[0002] The impact of earthquakes on buildings is mainly caused by vibration, and damage is mostly caused by dynamic damage, that is, the building is destroyed due to insufficient strength of the main structure or loss of structural stability. Traditional earthquake-resistant structures mainly consume energy by plastic deformation when the main structural components yield, but due to the limited energy consumption capacity of the components, the structure is prone to serious damage under strong earthquakes and is difficult to repair after the earthquake. In response to the above problems, installing energy-absorbing dampers on the outside of the structure can effectively reduce post-earthquake damage. In addition, due to the advantages of easy maintenance and replacement and low maintenance costs, external energy-absorbing devices have been used more and more frequently in recent years and have received widespread attention from the industry.

[0003] Due to the limitations of traditional earthquake-resistant design, many scholars have proposed a new earthquake-resistant design method - structural vibration control method, that is, arranging energy-consuming or shock-absorbing devices on the building structure to reduce or suppress the dynamic response of the structure. Different from the old concept of "hard resistance" of the traditional earthquake-resistant system, the engineering structure shock-absorbing control system adopts a new method of "soft overcoming hardness" by adjusting the dynamic characteristics of the structure, which has obvious advantages such as safety, simplicity, economy and wide adaptability. Since lead metal has high ductility, it can absorb a large amount of energy when deformed, and can be restored to its previous state through dynamic recovery and recrystallization processes. Therefore, the lead damper has the advantages of long service life, stable damping performance and low maintenance cost. The most widely used lead dampers are: lead shear damper, lead extrusion damper, special-shaped lead damper, etc.

[0004] Lead extrusion dampers have the characteristics of "Coulomb friction", the hysteresis curve is close to a rectangle, the energy dissipation capacity is strong, the damping performance is independent of the loading frequency, and the hysteresis performance is stable. Since the recovery, recrystallization and grain growth of lead are a continuous process and occur during and after the lead extrusion process, the extruded lead damper is not affected by work hardening or fatigue, and the lead can always recover to its initial undeformed state. The working performance of the extruded lead damper is very stable and will not be damaged by overload. During use, as the temperature rises, the extrusion force decreases, the absorbed energy and the generated heat decrease; the higher the temperature, the faster the recovery and recrystallization of the lead, so it can regain its plasticity. In addition, the lead extrusion damper has a large initial stiffness, which can ensure that the structure does not deform significantly under the action of small earthquakes or wind loads, ensuring the comfort of the structure. Under the action of strong earthquakes, the lead extrusion damper enters the working state, relying on its stable hysteresis performance to consume most of the seismic energy and ensure the safety of the structure. In addition, the lead extrusion damper is low-cost and does not need to be repaired or replaced after the earthquake.

[0005] However, the traditional lead extrusion damper has a large pre-yield stiffness and a small post-yield stiffness, which is almost zero, and cannot effectively prevent the collapse of the structure under a large earthquake. Due to the randomness and uncertainty of earthquakes, there will still be situations where the actual earthquake exceeds the estimated earthquake, which requires the damper to improve its bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity, but the existing lead extrusion damper can no longer meet the requirements. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention discloses a uniformly variable lead-zinc extrusion damper, which utilizes a metal molecule diffusion process under the protection of an inert gas to form a composite material of lead and zinc metal, so that the lead and zinc content in the material changes uniformly, thereby making the device have a certain post-bend stiffness, and its load-bearing capacity and energy consumption capacity are effectively improved.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] A uniformly variable lead-zinc extrusion damper comprises a damper body, wherein the damper body comprises a damping material arranged in a sleeve, wherein the damping material is composed of lead and zinc, and wherein the damping material comprises a plurality of material units of equal volume connected in sequence, wherein from the starting end to the end of the damping material, in each material unit, the volume percentage of zinc metal in the material unit gradually changes from 0% to 50%, and correspondingly, the volume percentage of lead metal in the material unit gradually changes from 100% to 50%.

[0009] Preferably, in each material unit containing both lead and zinc, the lead metal and the zinc metal are evenly fused to form a lead-zinc composite material; or the lead metal and the zinc metal are spliced ​​in the form of lead blocks and zinc blocks to form a material unit.

[0010] Preferably, adjacent material units are fused into a whole.

[0011] Preferably, when the lead block and the zinc block are spliced ​​into a material unit, the contact surfaces of the lead block and the zinc block are fused and connected, and the lead block and the zinc block are evenly distributed.

[0012] Preferably, the damper body also includes an extrusion shaft, the upper part of the inner hole of the sleeve is expanded to form a damping material accommodating chamber, the top and bottom ends of the sleeve are respectively folded outward to form a first connecting plate, the first connecting plate at the top is connected to a cover plate by bolts, a through hole with the same diameter as the lower part of the inner hole of the sleeve is opened at the center of the cover plate, the extrusion shaft passes through the through hole and extends into the lower part of the inner hole of the sleeve, the damping material fills the damping material accommodating chamber, the outer surface of the extrusion shaft is tightly fitted with the inner surface of the damping material and seals the damping material in the damping material accommodating chamber together with the cover plate, the outer surface of the extrusion shaft is respectively sealingly and slidingly connected with the through hole and the lower part of the inner hole of the sleeve, the inner surface of the damping material is provided with an annular ridge, and the outer surface of the extrusion shaft is provided with an annular groove used in conjunction with the annular ridge.

[0013] Preferably, a second connecting plate is provided at the top end of the extrusion shaft, the second connecting plate is provided with bolt holes and is connected to the structure to be damped by bolts, and the first connecting plate located below is connected to the damper fixing base by bolts.

[0014] Preferably, the contact surface between the cover plate and the damping material, and the contact surface between the damping material and the lower wall of the damping material accommodating chamber are both provided with sealing gaskets.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the uniformly variable lead-zinc squeeze damper of the present invention are:

[0016] Compared with the traditional lead extrusion damper, the present invention utilizes the metal molecule diffusion process under the protection of inert gas to form a composite material with lead and zinc metal, so that its material changes evenly, so that the device has a certain post-bend stiffness, and its bearing capacity and energy consumption capacity are effectively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 , a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 , a schematic diagram of the lead and zinc content ratio of the damping material of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 , a schematic diagram of a material unit of the damping material of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 , a schematic diagram of an implementation method in which the material unit of the present invention is spliced ​​by a lead block and a zinc block;

[0021] 1. Second connecting plate; 2. Extrusion shaft; 3. Sleeve; 4. Annular groove; 5. Damping material; 5-1. Material unit; 5-1-1. Lead block; 5-1-2. Zinc block; 6. First connecting plate; 7. Sealing gasket; 8. Cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] A uniformly variable lead-zinc squeeze damper, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, it includes a damper body, and the damper body includes a damping material 5 arranged in a sleeve 3. The damping material 5 is composed of lead and zinc. The damping material 5 includes a plurality of material units 5-1 of equal volume connected in sequence. From the starting end to the end of the damping material, in each material unit 5-1, the volume percentage of zinc metal in the material unit gradually changes from 0% to 50%, and correspondingly, the volume percentage of lead metal in the material unit 5-1 gradually changes from 100% to 50%.

[0025] In this embodiment, since the proportion of zinc metal gradually increases from the starting end to the end, the bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity of the damper body can be improved, and it has a certain post-yield stiffness. The damper body is installed at a reasonable position of the building. When the building vibrates, the lead-zinc damping material is reciprocated inside the damper body, so that the lead-zinc damping material continuously yields and recrystallizes to consume mechanical energy, thereby causing the building vibration energy to be continuously dissipated and reducing the building vibration. The lead-zinc damper of the present invention not only dissipates energy, but also has stiffness, integrating the damper and the vibration isolator together. A pure lead damper only has energy dissipation capacity but no stiffness, so it cannot play a vibration isolation role. The present invention arranges a gradual change in the content of lead metal and zinc metal from one end to the other, so that the extrusion force can be increased as the extrusion displacement increases according to the design intention.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] Based on Example 1, this example is improved as follows:

[0028] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, in each material unit 5-1 containing both lead and zinc, the lead metal and the zinc metal are evenly fused to form a lead-zinc composite material; or the lead metal and the zinc metal are spliced ​​in the form of a lead block 5-1-1 and a zinc block 5-1-2 to form a material unit.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, adjacent material units are fused into a whole.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, when the lead block and the zinc block are spliced ​​into a material unit, the contact surfaces of the lead block and the zinc block are fused and connected, and the lead block and the zinc block are evenly distributed.

[0031] In this embodiment, the lead metal and the zinc metal are uniformly fused to form a lead-zinc composite material by a metal molecule diffusion process under the protection of an inert gas.

[0032] Example 3

[0033] Based on Example 2, this example is improved as follows:

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the damper body also includes an extrusion shaft 2, the upper part of the inner hole of the sleeve 3 is expanded to form a damping material accommodating chamber (not marked in the figure), the top and bottom ends of the sleeve 3 are folded outward to form a first connecting plate 6, and the first connecting plate 6 located at the top is connected to a cover plate 8 by bolts. A through hole with the same diameter as the lower part of the inner hole of the sleeve 3 is opened at the center of the cover plate 8, the extrusion shaft 2 passes through the through hole and extends into the lower part of the inner hole of the sleeve 3, the damping material 5 fills the damping material accommodating chamber, the outer surface of the extrusion shaft 2 is tightly fitted with the inner surface of the damping material and seals the damping material 5 in the damping material accommodating chamber together with the cover plate 8, the outer surface of the extrusion shaft 2 is respectively sealed and slidably connected with the through hole and the lower part of the inner hole of the sleeve 3, the inner surface of the damping material 5 is provided with an annular convex ridge (not marked in the figure), and the outer surface of the extrusion shaft 2 is provided with an annular groove 4 used in conjunction with the annular convex ridge.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a second connecting plate 1 is provided at the top end of the extrusion shaft 2. The second connecting plate 1 is provided with bolt holes and is connected to the structure to be damped by bolts. The first connecting plate 6 located below is connected to the damper fixing base by bolts.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the contact surface between the cover plate 8 and the damping material 5 and the contact surface between the damping material 5 and the lower wall of the damping material accommodating chamber are both provided with sealing gaskets 7 .

Claims

1. A uniformly variable lead-zinc extrusion damper, characterized in that: it includes a damper body, the damper body includes a damping material arranged in a sleeve, the damping material is composed of lead and zinc, and the damping material includes a plurality of material units of equal volume connected in sequence, from the starting end to the end of the damping material, in each material unit, the volume percentage of zinc metal in the material unit gradually changes from 0% to 50%, and correspondingly, the volume percentage of lead metal in the material unit gradually changes from 100% to 50%.

2. A uniformly variable lead-zinc squeeze damper as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In each material unit containing both lead and zinc, the lead metal and the zinc metal are evenly fused together to form a lead-zinc composite material; or the lead metal and the zinc metal are spliced ​​in the form of lead blocks and zinc blocks to form a material unit.

3. A uniformly variable lead-zinc squeeze damper as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: Adjacent material units are fused into a whole.

4. A uniformly variable lead-zinc extrusion damper as described in claim 3, characterized in that when the lead block and the zinc block are spliced ​​into a material unit, the contact surfaces of the lead block and the zinc block are fused and connected and the lead block and the zinc block are evenly distributed.

5. A uniformly variable lead-zinc squeeze damper as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The damper body also includes an extrusion shaft. The upper part of the inner hole of the sleeve is expanded to form a damping material accommodating chamber. The top and bottom ends of the sleeve are respectively folded outward to form a first connecting plate. The first connecting plate at the top is connected to a cover plate by bolts. A through hole with the same diameter as the lower part of the inner hole of the sleeve is opened at the center of the cover plate. The extrusion shaft passes through the through hole and extends into the lower part of the inner hole of the sleeve. The damping material fills the damping material accommodating chamber. The outer surface of the extrusion shaft is tightly fitted with the inner surface of the damping material and seals the damping material in the damping material accommodating chamber together with the cover plate. The outer surface of the extrusion shaft is respectively sealed and slidably connected with the through hole and the lower part of the inner hole of the sleeve. The inner surface of the damping material is provided with an annular ridge, and the outer surface of the extrusion shaft is provided with an annular groove used in conjunction with the annular ridge.

6. A uniformly variable lead-zinc squeeze damper as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A second connecting plate is provided at the top end of the extrusion shaft, the second connecting plate is provided with bolt holes and is connected to the structure to be damped by bolts, and the first connecting plate located below is connected to the damper fixing base by bolts.

7. A uniformly variable lead-zinc squeeze damper as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The contact surface between the cover plate and the damping material, and the contact surface between the damping material and the lower wall of the damping material accommodating chamber are both provided with sealing gaskets.

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