Tunneling machine

Abstract

The application discloses tunneling machinery. The tunneling machinery comprises a shield body, a cutter head and a plurality of chain saw structures. The cutter head is rotatably arranged on the shield body. The plurality of chain saw structures are arranged at a tunneling end of the shield body and sequentially connected on a circumferential edge of the shield body to form an annular chain saw covering the circumferential edge of the shield body. The annular chain saw is configured to move along the circumferential edge of the shield body to advance excavate a working face. The annular chain saw of the application advances excavates the working face, separates the working face from the surrounding rock and soil in advance, and reduces the disturbance to the stratum when the cutter head excavates subsequently. The advantage is more obvious especially for the stratum with obstacles such as solitary stones, pile foundations and tree roots invading the working face. The tunneling machinery of the embodiment of the application cuts the profile of the working face by using the annular chain saw, without the need of advance pilot hole, thereby improving the construction efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a tunneling machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] Most of the tunnel excavation is carried out by box culvert jacking or tunneling machine excavation, and the construction has high requirements for settlement. In order to reduce the disturbance to the stratum during construction, it is usually necessary to pre-process the obstacles intruding into the tunnel face. How to more efficiently cut the obstacles on the tunnel face is a problem to be solved.

[0003] It should be noted that the statements in this background section merely provide background information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a tunneling machine to improve construction efficiency.

[0005] The present application provides a tunneling machine, comprising:

[0006] a shield body;

[0007] a cutter head rotatably arranged on the shield body; and

[0008] a plurality of chain saw structures arranged at the tunneling end of the shield body and sequentially connected on the circumferential edge of the shield body to form an annular chain saw covering the circumferential edge of the shield body, the annular chain saw being configured to move along the circumferential edge of the shield body to advance excavate the tunnel face.

[0009] In some embodiments, two adjacent chain saw structures in the plurality of chain saw structures are rotatably connected.

[0010] In some embodiments, the two adjacent chain saw structures are rotatably connected by a pin shaft.

[0011] In some embodiments, the shield body comprises a guide rail arranged along the circumferential edge, and the annular chain saw is configured to move along the guide rail.

[0012] In some embodiments, the guide rail comprises a protrusion arranged on the circumferential edge of the shield body, and the chain saw structure comprises a groove slidingly fitted with the protrusion.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cross section of the protrusion is a T-shaped structure.

[0014] In some embodiments, the tunneling machine further comprises a drive gear, and a plurality of chain saw teeth are arranged on each chain saw structure in an interval, and the drive gear is engaged with the chain saw teeth to drive the annular chain saw to move.

[0015] In some embodiments, the tunneling machine further comprises a partition plate arranged on the shield body and located at the rear side of the cutter head, the partition plate is used to isolate the excavation chamber, and the drive gear is arranged at the rear side of the partition plate.

[0016] In some embodiments, the chain saw comprises an arc-shaped concave section concaved rearward relative to the digging end, the arc-shaped concave section being engaged with the driving gear.

[0017] In some embodiments, the tunneling machine further comprises a sealing box connected with the partition plate and arranged at the rear side of the partition plate, the driving gear being arranged in the sealing box.

[0018] In some embodiments, the chain saw structure comprises a chain saw body and at least two wear-resistant strips arranged on the front side of the chain saw body and spaced apart.

[0019] Based on the technical solution provided by the present application, the tunneling machine comprises a shield body, a cutter head and a plurality of chain saw structures. The cutter head is rotatably arranged on the shield body. The plurality of chain saw structures are arranged at the digging end of the shield body and sequentially connected on the circumferential edge of the shield body to form an annular chain saw covering the circumferential edge of the shield body. The annular chain saw is configured to move along the circumferential edge of the shield body to excavate the working face in advance. The annular chain saw of the present application excavates the working face in advance, separates the working face from the surrounding rock and soil in advance, and reduces the disturbance to the stratum when the cutter head excavates subsequently. The advantage is more obvious especially for the stratum with obstacles such as isolated stones, pile foundations and tree roots invading the working face. The tunneling machine of the embodiment of the present application cuts the profile of the working face by using the annular chain saw, without the need for a pre-lead hole, thereby improving the construction efficiency.

[0020] Other features of the present application and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings described herein are intended to provide further understanding of the present application, form a part of the specification, and illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present application and its description, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the digging end of the tunneling machine of the embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the tunneling machine of the embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a Figure 1 It is a B-B sectional view structural schematic diagram of the tunneling machine shown.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a Figure 3 It is a partial enlarged view structural schematic diagram.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving gear and the chain saw teeth engaged.

[0027] Figure 6 A front view structural schematic diagram of a chain saw structure of a tunneling machine according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 7 A rear view structural schematic diagram of a chain saw structure of a tunneling machine according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 8 A front view structural schematic diagram of a chain saw structure of a tunneling machine according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 A-A sectional view structural schematic diagram of the chain saw structure shown.

[0030] Figure 9 A front view structural schematic diagram of a chain saw structure of a tunneling machine according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 A cooperation structure schematic diagram of the chain saw structure and a shield body.

[0031] Figure 10 A front view structural schematic diagram of an open shield body including a chain saw structure.

[0032] Figure 11 A side view structural schematic diagram of an open shield body including a chain saw structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way limiting on the application or its applications or uses. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of the present application.

[0034] Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangements of the components and steps, numerical expressions, and values shown in the embodiments presented herein are not meant to limit the scope of the present application. Also, it is to be understood that the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not necessarily to scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the art can not be discussed in detail, but rather can be assumed to be known by those of ordinary skill in the art. In the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely illustrative and not as a limitation on the scope of the exemplary embodiments. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments can have different values. It is noted that like numbers and letters on the figures identify like parts throughout the disclosure, and thus, once defined, do not need to be further discussed.

[0035] For purposes of the description hereinafter, spatial relative terms, such as "above", "below", "upper", "lower", and the like, can be used to describe a device or feature's orientation in the figures. Such relative terms can be intended to encompass different orientations of the device or feature in its operation or use or in other stages of its manufacture. For example, if the device or feature is turned over, then a description of a device or feature as above other devices or features, or above other devices or features, can be taken to include both an orientation with the device above the other devices or features or an orientation with the device below the other devices or features. Such relative terms can be taken to include different positions of the device or feature in its operation or use or in other stages of its manufacture. The devices can also be oriented in other ways, and such other orientations are intended to be encompassed by the description herein.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The tunneling machine provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a shield body 2, a cutter head 8, and a plurality of chain saw structures 1. The cutter head 8 is rotatably arranged on the shield body 2. The plurality of chain saw structures 1 are arranged at the tunneling end of the shield body 2 and are sequentially connected on the circumferential edge of the shield body 2 to form an annular chain saw covering the circumferential edge of the shield body 2. The annular chain saw is configured to move along the circumferential edge of the shield body 2 to excavate the working face in advance.

[0037] The annular chain saw of the embodiment of the present application excavates the working face in advance to separate the working face from the surrounding rock and soil, thereby reducing the disturbance to the stratum when the cutter head excavates subsequently. The advantage is more obvious particularly for the stratum in which obstacles such as boulders, pile foundations, and tree roots invade the working face. The tunneling machine of the embodiment of the present application cuts the contour of the working face by using the annular chain saw, without the need for a pilot hole, thereby improving the construction efficiency.

[0038] In some embodiments, two adjacent chain saw structures 1 of the plurality of chain saw structures 1 are rotatably connected. The two adjacent chain saw structures 1 are rotatably connected to enable the chain saw structure 1 to rotate around the pin shaft 4 to adapt to a non-linear trajectory, thereby realizing annular cutting.

[0039] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5 In some embodiments, the two adjacent chain saw structures 1 are rotatably connected by the pin shaft 4.

[0040] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 4 The shield body 2 comprises a guide rail 21 arranged along the circumferential edge. The annular chain saw is configured to move along the guide rail 21. The guide rail 21 on the shield body 2 is used as a track, without the need for a pilot hole to arrange a pulley block in advance, thereby simplifying the equipment and facilitating the construction.

[0041] In some embodiments, the guide rail 21 comprises protrusions arranged on the circumferential edge of the shield body 2, and the chain saw structure 1 comprises grooves 11 in sliding fit with the protrusions. The protrusions and the grooves are in fit with each other, which makes the movement of the chain saw structure 1 on the guide rail 21 more stable. The cross-sectional shape of the protrusions can be trapezoidal, circular, double T-shaped, etc.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, as shown in Figure 9 , the cross-section of the protrusions is T-shaped structure. The T-shaped structure prevents the chain saw structure 1 from being separated from the guide rail 21, thereby improving the stability of cutting.

[0043] In some embodiments, the tunneling machine further comprises a driving gear 3. Each chain saw structure 1 is provided with chain saw teeth 13 arranged at intervals, and the driving gear 3 is in mesh with the chain saw teeth 13 to drive the movement of the annular chain saw. The chain saw teeth 13 are configured to mesh with the driving gear 3 to move the chain saw structure 1 under the driving of the driving gear 3, thereby achieving cutting of the tunnel contour.

[0044] The chain saw teeth 13 can be arranged below or above the chain saw structure.

[0045] In some embodiments, the tunneling machine further comprises a partition plate 6 arranged on the shield body 2 and located at the rear side of the cutter head 8. The partition plate 6 is used to separate the excavation chamber. The driving gear 3 is arranged at the rear side of the partition plate 6.

[0046] In some embodiments, the annular chain saw comprises an arc-shaped concave section 100 concave rearward relative to the tunneling end. The arc-shaped concave section 100 is in mesh with the driving gear 3. In some embodiments, the tunneling machine further comprises a sealing box 5 connected with the partition plate 6 and arranged at the rear side of the partition plate 6, and the driving gear 3 is arranged in the sealing box 5.

[0047] In some embodiments, the chain saw structure 1 comprises a chain saw body 15 and at least two wear-resistant strips 12 arranged at intervals on the front side of the chain saw body 15. The plurality of wear-resistant strips 12 are arranged at intervals on the front side of the chain saw body 15 to enhance the cutting ability while protecting the chain saw body 15.

[0048] The structure and working process of the tunneling machine according to a specific embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below. Figures 1 to 9

[0049] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the tunneling machine of the present embodiment comprises a plurality of chain saw structures 1, a shield body 2, a plurality of cutter heads 8, a partition plate 6, a driving gear 3, a pin shaft 4, a sealing box 5 and a driver 7.

[0050] Among them, the plurality of chain saw structures 1 are arranged at the tunneling end of the shield body 2 and connected in sequence on the circumferential edge of the shield body 2 to form an annular chain saw covering the circumferential edge of the shield body 2. As​Figure 1 As shown, the sequentially connecting of the plurality of chain saw structures 1 on the circumferential edge of the shield body 2 means that the chain saw structures 1 are evenly distributed on the circumferential edge of the shield body 2, and each chain saw structure 1 is connected with another chain saw structure 1 on both sides. In this way, when the annular chain saw moves along the circumferential edge of the shield body 2, the annular chain saw effectively cuts the profile of the working face, avoiding the influence of obstacles on the profile line of the working face on the subsequent safe excavation. That is, the annular chain saw of the embodiment excavates the working face in advance, separates the working face from the surrounding rock and soil, and reduces the disturbance to the stratum during subsequent cutter head excavation. In particular, the application advantage is more obvious in the stratum with obstacles such as boulders, pile foundations, and tree roots invading the working face. The tunneling machine of the embodiment cuts the profile of the working face with the annular chain saw, without the need for a pre-drilled hole, thereby improving construction efficiency.

[0051] As shown in Figures 3 to 5 , the two adjacent chain saw structures 1 are hinged by a pin shaft 4. Specifically, the end of each chain saw structure 1 is provided with a hinge seat 14, and the hinge seats 14 of the two adjacent chain saw structures 2 are hinged by the pin shaft 4. The two adjacent chain saw structures 1 are hinged to enable the chain saw structure 1 to rotate around the pin shaft 4 to adapt to a non-linear trajectory, thereby realizing annular cutting.

[0052] As shown in Figures 6 to 8 , the chain saw structure 1 includes a chain saw body 15, chain saw teeth 13 arranged on the rear side of the chain saw body 15, a plurality of wear-resistant strips 12 arranged on the front side of the chain saw body 15, a groove 11 arranged on the rear side of the chain saw body 15, and a hinge seat 14 arranged at both ends of the chain saw body 15. The chain saw body 15 is a block-shaped body. The chain saw teeth 13 are configured to mesh with the driving gear 3 to enable the chain saw structure 1 to move under the driving of the driving gear 3. The rear side of the chain saw body 15 is also provided with a groove 11 extending along the length direction thereof. The groove 11 is used to slide fit with the guide rail 21 on the shield body 2. As shown in Figure 4 , the cross-sectional shape of the groove 11 is a T-shaped structure. As shown in Figure 5 , the guide rail 21 on the shield body 2 is a protrusion that is arranged to fit in the groove 11, and the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion is also a T-shaped structure. Such an arrangement enables the chain saw structure 1 to slide along the guide rail 21 on the shield body 2, and the T-shaped structure prevents the chain saw structure 1 from disengaging from the guide rail 21, thereby improving the stability of the cutting.

[0053] In order to prevent silt in the soil layer from entering the groove 11, a flexible sealing gasket is arranged at the two side ports of the groove 11.

[0054] As shown in Figure 2As shown, the driver 7 is connected to the drive gear 3 to provide power to the drive gear 3. The ring-shaped chainsaw, connected in a loop, moves along the contour trajectory of the shield body 2 under the action of the driver 7, cutting the rock and soil at the working face in advance, thereby reducing the disturbance of the strata to the subsequent cutterhead excavation.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, in order to isolate the excavation chamber, the tunneling machinery in this embodiment also includes a partition 6. The partition 6 is connected to the shield 2 to isolate the excavation chamber and thus prevent mud and water from entering behind the partition 6. In order to avoid the driver 7 from directly contacting the rock and soil and to avoid the driver 7 from affecting the existing cutterhead 8 and the muck removal device, the driver 7 is located behind the partition 6.

[0056] Furthermore, to protect the drive unit 7, a sealed box 5 is provided on the rear side of the partition 6, and the drive unit 7 is placed inside the sealed box 5 for sealing. Since the ring chainsaw requires advanced excavation of the working face, and the drive unit 7 is located on the rear side of the partition 6, how to achieve the drive connection between the drive unit 7 and the ring chainsaw is a problem that needs to be solved.

[0057] Regarding this issue, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a portion of the ring chainsaw is configured as a rearward-facing concave arc-shaped section, allowing the arc-shaped concave section to mesh with the drive gear 3, thereby providing cutting power to the ring chainsaw from the rear. Figure 1 As shown, annular chainsaws are arranged on the circumferential edges of the shield body 2. Each annular chainsaw includes a flat segment on the end face of the tunneling end of the shield body 2 and at least one arc-shaped recessed segment 100 that is recessed rearward relative to the flat segment. The flat segment, excluding the arc-shaped recessed segment 100, means that the remaining portion of the annular chainsaw is substantially coplanar. The arc-shaped recessed segment 100 is recessed rearward in an arc shape to achieve connection with the drive gear 3. Correspondingly, the shape of the guide rails on the shield body 2 is consistent with the distribution shape of the annular chainsaws. Corresponding to the arc-shaped recessed segment 100, the guide rail 21 has a detachable movable segment 23 within the sealed housing 5 for installing the chainsaw structure. During the initial installation of the chainsaw structure, the movable segment 23 is removed, and then each chainsaw structure is embedded into the shield body 2, connected in a clockwise or counterclockwise sequence until the end is connected to form a loop. The last chainsaw structure is first connected to the movable segment 23, and then the entire assembly is fixed to the shield body 2. This design allows for easy replacement of chainsaw components during actual construction. The sealed box 5 can be opened, the movable section 23 removed, and the chainsaw component replaced or removed from this point, facilitating maintenance and replacement. For example, if a chainsaw component is damaged and falls during construction, the damaged part can be pushed to the sealed box 5 by the traction of the front chainsaw or the pushing action of the rear chainsaw, allowing for repair at this location without requiring pressurized entry into the box, thus reducing construction hazards.

[0058] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 The annular chain saw of the embodiment comprises two arc-shaped concave sections 100 arranged at intervals. Correspondingly, the tunneling machine of the embodiment comprises two driving gears 3 arranged correspondingly to the two arc-shaped concave sections 100.

[0059] In order to reduce the influence of excavation on the stratum, the arc-shaped concave sections 100 are generally arranged at the two sides or the bottom of the shield 2, and the position and the number thereof are determined according to the size of the excavation face, the rock stratum parameters, the type of the driver, the arrangement of other equipment of the shield, and the like.

[0060] As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11 The shield 2 of the tunneling machine of the embodiment of the application can also be an open-type shield. No partition is arranged in the open-type shield, and thus no sealing box and arc-shaped concave section are required. The shield 2 of the tunneling machine of the embodiment of the application can be a shield structure of a round shape, a horseshoe shape, a quasi-rectangular shape, a double-circle shape, a three-circle shape, a multi-circle shape, and the like, with a curve transition at the corner.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the application but not to limit the same; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments of the application can be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent ones; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the application, all of them should be covered in the technical solution range of the application claimed.

Claims

1. A tunneling machine, characterized in that, include: shield(2); The cutterhead (8) is rotatably mounted on the shield body (2); and Multiple chainsaw structures (1) are provided at the tunneling end of the shield (2) and are sequentially connected on the circumferential edge of the shield (2) to form an annular chainsaw covering the circumferential edge of the shield (2). The annular chainsaw is configured to move along the circumferential edge of the shield (2) to excavate the face ahead of the tunnel. The annular chainsaw includes a planar segment disposed on the end face of the tunneling end of the shield (2) and at least one arcuate recessed segment (100) recessed rearward relative to the planar segment, the arcuate recessed segment (100) being configured to mesh with a drive gear (3). The tunneling machinery also includes a drive gear (3) and a partition (6) disposed on the shield body (2) and located on the rear side of the cutterhead (8). Each chainsaw structure (1) is provided with chainsaw teeth (13) arranged at intervals. The drive gear (3) meshes with the chainsaw teeth (13) to drive the annular chainsaw to move. The partition (6) is used to isolate the excavation chamber. The drive gear (3) is disposed on the rear side of the partition (6).

2. A tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two adjacent chainsaw structures (1) in the plurality of chainsaw structures (1) are rotatably connected.

3. A tunneling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two adjacent chainsaw structures (1) are connected by a pivot pin.

4. A tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shield (2) includes a guide rail (21) arranged along its circumferential edge, and the annular chainsaw is configured to move along the guide rail (21).

5. A tunneling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide rail (21) includes a protrusion disposed on the circumferential edge of the shield body (2), and the chainsaw structure (1) includes a groove (11) that slides with the protrusion.

6. A tunneling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cross-section of the protrusion is T-shaped.

7. A tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunneling machine also includes a sealing box (5) connected to the partition (6) and disposed on the rear side of the partition (6), and the drive gear (3) is disposed inside the sealing box (5).

8. A tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chainsaw structure (1) includes a chainsaw body (15) and at least two wear-resistant strips (12) disposed on the front side of the chainsaw body (15) and spaced apart.

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