An impulse turbine runner structure and manufacturing method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of impulse turbine technology, and discloses an impulse turbine runner structure and manufacturing method. The impulse turbine runner structure includes multiple water buckets and a turntable. A T-groove is provided on the side wall of the outer ring of the turntable. At least one notch is provided on one side of the T-groove, and a pressure plate is detachably installed at the notch. A T-key is provided at the bottom of each water bucket, which is inserted into the T-groove through the notch and can be adjusted horizontally within the T-groove. The water buckets are tightly fitted together in pairs within the T-groove and surround the side wall. The pressure plate fixes the water bucket at the notch. The manufacturing method of the impulse turbine runner structure includes the following steps: Step 1, each water bucket is molded using a hot-pressing process, and a T-key is machined at the root; Step 2, the turntable and pressure plate are machined, and the T-groove and notch are machined on the turntable; Step 3, the water buckets are installed and fixed one by one. This improves installation efficiency while strengthening the overall strength, enabling mass production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of impulse turbine technology, specifically to an impulse turbine runner structure and manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] An impulse turbine runner consists of a turntable and a bucket. Based on its structure, it can be classified into three types: integral runner, combined runner, and cast-welded runner.

[0003] Integral impeller: The overall structure has high strength, but it requires advanced casting technology, and the entire impeller must be replaced if the water bucket is damaged, resulting in high costs. Modular impeller: Currently, the water bucket and the impeller are often machined separately and then connected by bolts. This type of impeller has low strength, and the connection between the water bucket and the impeller is prone to breakage. Cast-welded type: The water bucket and the impeller are cast separately and then connected by welding, which avoids the problem of low strength of the modular impeller, but it requires advanced welding technology and has a long installation time.

[0004] For small-scale water turbines, modular runners are primarily used for convenient and rapid manufacturing. CN113864018A discloses a waste heat and pressure circulating water turbine generator. This equipment mainly utilizes the waste heat and pressure from tail gas in steel plants, chemical plants, etc., for energy conversion and power generation. It is designed for mass production, and the runner is the core component of this waste heat and pressure circulating water impulse turbine generator. The runner's geometric characteristics include a small diameter, a large number of water buckets, and a narrow water bucket width. Using an integral runner or a cast-welded runner would be costly and unsuitable for mass production; therefore, a modular runner is adopted.

[0005] Currently, among existing combined runners, Chinese patent document CN211975262U discloses an embedded type impact turbine runner, which includes a turntable and a group of water buckets evenly distributed around the turntable. Each water bucket in the water bucket group has a connecting block at its root. The outer periphery of the turntable has a slot corresponding to each connecting block. The inner diameter of the bottom of the slot is larger than the inner diameter at the outer port of the slot. The connecting block is embedded in the slot as a whole, and the root of the connecting block is in contact with the turntable. The inner side of the turntable is provided with a positioning connector for radially fixing the connecting block.

[0006] The existing technology has the following shortcomings: the existing combined impeller water buckets are installed one by one in the slot and fixed with bolts, which has low installation efficiency and low overall strength due to the bolt connection alone, and cannot meet the requirements of high-strength mass production. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the technical problems of low strength and low installation efficiency in combined turbine runners, this invention provides an impulse turbine runner structure, comprising multiple water buckets and a turntable. The structure is characterized by a T-groove on the outer sidewall of the turntable, with at least one notch on one side of the T-groove. A pressure plate is detachably installed at the notch. A T-key is provided at the bottom of each water bucket, which is inserted into the T-groove through the notch and can be adjusted horizontally within the T-groove. The water buckets are tightly fitted together in pairs within the T-groove and surround the sidewall. The pressure plate fixes the water bucket at the notch.

[0008] To improve overall strength and robustness, the water bucket includes a first water bucket and a second water bucket. The water bucket fixed at the notch is the first water bucket, and the remaining water buckets are the second water buckets. The T-shaped key of the first water bucket is provided with a square groove and a square key. The square groove is located on the horizontal key of the T-shaped key, and the square key is located on the vertical key of the T-shaped key. The square groove is connected to the square key on the pressure plate, and the square key is connected to the square groove on the T-shaped groove to restrict the water bucket from sliding radially along the turntable.

[0009] Furthermore, the square groove is located on the T-shaped groove at the notch, the pressure plate is bent, and the square key is located at the inner corner of the bend.

[0010] Preferably, the T-shaped key of the water bucket is arc-shaped so as to fit into the T-shaped groove.

[0011] To further reinforce the water bucket, a plurality of set bolts are evenly provided on the turntable, and the set bolts secure the second water bucket.

[0012] Furthermore, the set bolt rests against the chamfer at the bottom of the T-shaped key of the second water bucket.

[0013] A method for manufacturing an impulse turbine runner structure includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Each water bucket is molded using a hot pressing process, and the root is machined into a T-key;

[0015] Step 2: Machining the turntable and pressure plate, wherein the outer ring sidewall of the turntable is machined to obtain T-slots and notches;

[0016] Step 3: Install each water bucket onto the T-slot and secure it with set bolts and pressure plates.

[0017] Further, in step 1.1, a square groove and a square key are machined on the T-shaped key of the water bucket at the notch; in step 2.1, a square key is machined on the pressure plate, and a square groove is machined on the T-shaped groove at the notch.

[0018] To facilitate the manufacturing of the turntable and pressure plate, the turntable is machined from a circular sheet metal; the pressure plate is machined from a ring plate.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. In this invention, the T-shaped key and T-shaped groove of the water bucket are connected in a coordinated manner. The T-shaped groove bears the force as a whole, so that the turntable is evenly stressed, and the stress is not concentrated in a certain section. Moreover, the water buckets are closely fitted and rub against each other, which offsets part of the centrifugal force, reduces the amount of force on the turntable, and improves the overall strength. At the same time, the water buckets can be quickly installed in the T-shaped groove through the notch. Compared with the prior art, which requires each water bucket to be connected and fixed, this invention eliminates the connection action. Only the water bucket at the notch needs to be fixed to achieve quick installation, which improves the installation efficiency and enhances the overall strength.

[0021] 2. This invention effectively solves the problem of mass production of turbine runners for waste heat and waste pressure water circulation impulse turbine generator equipment and similar equipment. The first and second water buckets have the same overall structure and can be mass-produced. The water buckets of the same type are universal and can be replaced by each other. This invention saves a lot of cost and time for the production and manufacturing of turbine runners.

[0022] 3. It has the advantage of quick repair and replacement. If any water bucket has a problem, only the damaged water bucket needs to be replaced, without affecting the use of the other water buckets. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the impulse turbine runner structure and manufacturing method of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Full sectional view;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first water bucket;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view of AA;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second water bucket.

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Sectional view of BB;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure plate structure;

[0031] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Sectional view of CC;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first water bucket;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first water bucket;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the second water bucket. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0036] 1. The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: water bucket 1, first water bucket 101, second water bucket 102, turntable 2, T-slot 3, square slot 301, notch 4, pressure plate 5, square key 501, T-key 6, square slot 601, square key 602, horizontal key 603, vertical key 604, set bolt 7.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1-9 As shown, an impulse turbine runner structure includes multiple water buckets 1 and a turntable 2. A T-shaped groove 3 surrounds the outer side wall of the turntable 2. Four notches 4 are provided on one side of the T-shaped groove 3. A pressure plate 5 is fixedly installed at each notch 4 by bolts. The notch 4 divides the T-shaped groove 3 into four parts. A T-shaped key 6 is provided at the bottom of the water bucket 1. The T-shaped key 6 is inserted into the T-shaped groove 3 from the notch 4 and can be adjusted horizontally within the T-shaped groove 3. Finally, the water bucket 1 at the notch 4 is installed. The water buckets 1 are tightly fitted in pairs around the side wall of the T-shaped groove 3. The pressure plate 5 fixes one water bucket 1 at the notch 4. After the pressure plate 5 and the notch 4 are connected, the T-shaped groove 3 forms a complete ring. The T-shaped groove 3 has a larger size near the center of the turntable 2 and a smaller size away from the center of the turntable 2, so as to hold the water bucket 1, prevent it from falling off, and allow it to slide and adjust freely within the T-shaped groove 3 for easy installation.

[0039] The water bucket 1 includes a first water bucket 101 and a second water bucket 102. The water bucket 1 fixed at the notch 4 is the first water bucket 101, and the remaining water buckets 1 are the second water buckets 102. The T-shaped key 6 of the first water bucket 101 is provided with a square groove 601 and a square key 602. The square groove 601 is located on the horizontal key 603 of the T-shaped key 6, and the square key 602 is located on the vertical key 604 of the T-shaped key 6. The square groove 601 is connected to the square key 501 on the pressure plate 5, and the square key 602 is connected to the square groove 301 on the T-shaped groove 3. The square groove 301 is located on the T-shaped groove 3 at the notch 4. The pressure plate 5 is bent, and the square key 501 is located at the inner corner of the bend to restrict the water bucket 1 from sliding radially along the turntable 2.

[0040] The T-shaped key 6 of the water bucket 1 is arc-shaped and fits into the T-shaped groove 3.

[0041] The turntable 2 is evenly provided with 8 set bolts 7, and each part of the T-slot 3 has 2 set bolts 7. The set bolts 7 fasten two of the second water buckets 102 in the T-slot 3. The set bolts 7 are pressed against the chamfer at the bottom of the T-key 6 of the second water bucket 102.

[0042] A method for manufacturing an impulse turbine runner structure includes the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Each first water bucket 101 and second water bucket 102 is formed by hot pressing using a mold. The working surfaces of the first water bucket 101 and second water bucket 102 are simply polished and ground. The roots of the first water bucket 101 and second water bucket 102 are machined into the T-shaped key 6. A square groove 601 and a square key 602 are machined on the first water bucket 101.

[0044] Step 2: Turntable 2 is made by machining a circular plate; pressure plate 5 is made by machining a ring plate; T-slot 3 and notch 4 are machined on the outer ring sidewall of turntable 2; square key 501 is machined on pressure plate 5; square groove 301 is machined on T-slot 3 at notch 4.

[0045] Step 3, as follows Figure 10-12As shown, the arrows indicate the installation directions of the second water bucket 102 and the first water bucket 101. The second water buckets 102 are installed one by one from the notch 4 of the turntable 2 onto the T-slot 3, and their positions are adjusted by rotating them in the circumferential direction until all the second water buckets 102 are installed. Then, the first water bucket 101 is installed at the notch 4, the pressure plate 5 is fastened, and the second water bucket 102 and the first water bucket 101 are fixed with the set bolts 7 and bolts. The bolts fix the pressure plate 5. The square key 501 on the pressure plate 5 and the square groove 301 machined on the T-slot 3 at the notch 4 restrict the sliding of the first water bucket 101. The first water bucket 101 is in close contact with the second water bucket 102, and the two interact to strengthen the overall structure.

[0046] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing an impulse turbine runner structure, characterized in that: The impeller structure of the impulse turbine includes multiple water buckets (1) and a turntable (2). A T-groove (3) is provided on the side wall of the outer ring of the turntable (2). At least one notch (4) is provided on one side of the T-groove (3). A pressure plate (5) is detachably installed at the notch (4). A T-key (6) is provided at the bottom of the water bucket (1). The T-key (6) is inserted into the T-groove (3) from the notch (4) and moves and adjusts within the T-groove (3). The water buckets (1) are closely attached to each other and surround the side wall within the T-groove (3). The pressure plate (5) fixes the water bucket (1) at the notch (4). The water bucket (1) includes a first water bucket (101) and a second water bucket (102). The water bucket (1) fixed at the notch (4) is the first water bucket (101), and the other water buckets (1) are the second water buckets (102). The T-shaped key (6) of the first water bucket (101) is provided with a square groove (601) and a square key (602). The square groove (601) is located on the horizontal key (603) of the T-shaped key (6), and the square key (602) is located on the vertical key (604) of the T-shaped key (6). The square groove (601) is connected to the square key (501) on the pressure plate (5), and the square key (602) is connected to the square groove (301) on the T-shaped groove (3) to restrict the water bucket (1) from sliding radially along the turntable (2). The square groove (301) is located on the T-groove (3) at the notch (4), the pressure plate (5) is bent, and the square key (501) is located at the inner corner of the bend; The T-shaped key (6) of the water bucket (1) is arc-shaped; The turntable (2) is provided with a plurality of set bolts (7) evenly distributed, and the set bolts (7) fasten the second water bucket (102); The set bolt (7) rests against the chamfer at the bottom of the T-key (6) of the second water tank (102); Includes the following steps: Step 1: Each water bucket (1) is formed by hot pressing using a mold, and the root is machined into a T-key (6). Step 2: Machining a turntable (2) and a pressure plate (5), the outer ring sidewall of the turntable (2) is machined to obtain a T-slot (3) and a notch (4); Step 3: Install the water buckets (1) one by one onto the T-slots (3) and lock them in place with set bolts (7) and pressure plates (5).

2. The manufacturing method of the impulse turbine runner structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1.1: Machining a square groove (601) and a square key (602) on the T-shaped key (6) of the water bucket (1) at the notch (4); Step 2.1: Machining a square key (501) on the pressure plate (5) and machining a square groove (301) on the T-shaped groove (3) at the notch (4).

3. The manufacturing method of the impulse turbine runner structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The turntable (2) is machined from a circular plate; the pressure plate (5) is machined from a ring plate.

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