Multi-chamber multi-stage forward push staged gasification combustion furnace

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of solid waste incineration technology, specifically a multi-furnace, multi-stage forward-push staged gasification combustion furnace. The furnace includes a furnace body containing a pyrolysis gasification chamber. A main drying pyrolysis chamber is connected to one side of the pyrolysis gasification chamber, and a secondary drying pyrolysis chamber is connected to the other side. A furnace regulating gate is installed between the main and secondary drying pyrolysis chambers. A gasification combustion chamber is connected below the pyrolysis gasification chamber, and an ash discharge port is connected to the bottom of the gasification combustion chamber. A main drying pyrolysis grate is installed in the main drying pyrolysis chamber, and a secondary drying pyrolysis grate is installed in the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber. A gasification combustion burnout grate connects the ash discharge port to the pyrolysis gasification chamber. This invention solves the problems of low flexibility and poor adaptability in solid waste treatment devices, limited transport, slag discharge, dispersion, agitation, and uniformity of solid waste within the furnace, and poor turning and stirring effects in thermochemical solid waste disposal devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid waste incineration technology, specifically a multi-furnace, multi-stage forward-push staged gasification combustion furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Existing solid waste treatment technologies mainly include incineration, sanitary landfill, and composting. Incineration has many advantages, such as significant volume reduction, thorough harmlessness, small land occupation, and less secondary pollution, which aligns with my country's sustainable development strategy. Common incineration equipment includes mechanical grate incinerators and fixed-bed / vertical rotary gasification combustion furnaces. Staged gasification combustion technology utilizes the advantages of traditional direct incineration and pyrolysis gasification technologies. It sustains its pyrolysis gasification reaction through the heat generated from the combustion of syngas and residual char, eliminating the need for auxiliary heat sources. This makes the solid waste treatment process safer and more thorough, and it has gradually become the best choice for decentralized disposal of solid waste such as domestic waste, agricultural and forestry biomass, and its derived fuels and biomass briquettes in rural towns and sparsely populated western counties. Therefore, this technology is a solid waste treatment technology with great development potential.

[0003] Given the complex composition, diverse sources, and wide distribution of solid waste in my country's townships, and the significant fluctuations in its quantity and composition due to seasonal and regional variations, especially its multi-scale nature, low calorific value, and high moisture content, existing incineration equipment still frequently encounters the following problems during operation:

[0004] 1. Based on the above characteristics of solid waste in rural areas of my country, in order to ensure the normal operation of the pyrolysis gasification combustion process in the fixed bed / vertical rotary gasification combustion furnace, it is necessary to add pretreatment processes and equipment such as sorting, crushing, forming, magnetic separation, and drying, which results in a large investment. At the same time, due to the large number of processes, it is easy to increase the number of failure points, and the use and maintenance costs will increase accordingly.

[0005] 2. The single-unit vertical rotary gasification combustion furnace has inflexible processing capacity, and the capacity of each chamber is fixed. When faced with solid waste materials with different components and contents, it has poor adaptability and it is difficult to achieve the optimal solution.

[0006] 3. The thermochemical reaction space and slag discharge channel in the pyrolysis gasification chamber are narrow, resulting in poor loosening, stirring and mixing effects. It is difficult to ensure the uniformity of material distribution. In addition, the physical and chemical properties of solid waste are severely unevenly distributed. At the same time, under the pyrolysis gasification process conditions, the material in the furnace is also prone to coking and clumping.

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, the following patents exist: Patent 1 describes a large-capacity, high-load dual-furnace waste incineration device (CN216591722U). This device employs a symmetrically arranged dual-furnace structure, with two drying grates and a combustion grates symmetrically positioned at the bottom of the furnace, forming a combustion space within a single furnace. Patent 2 describes an integrated fixed-bed solid waste high-efficiency gasification combustion furnace. Within a single furnace body, a fixed-bed gasification section, a drying pyrolysis section, and a combustible gas combustion section are coaxially arranged from bottom to top. A slag discharge port is located at the bottom of the fixed-bed gasification section, and the grate has a 3-7 layer pagoda-shaped ventilation structure.

[0008] However, applying these findings to the disposal of solid waste in small towns presents challenges: numerous processing steps and equipment, complex process control, a large furnace structure, and substantial investment in plant and equipment. The use of a single vertical pyrolysis gasification furnace with a narrow slag discharge channel also increases the risk of material blockage. Compared to traditional grate incineration technology, gasification combustion technology produces fewer pollutants and less flue gas, resulting in lower flue gas purification costs. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention aims to provide a miniaturized multi-furnace multi-stage forward-push staged gasification combustion furnace for the disposal of solid waste in rural areas, in order to solve the problems of low flexibility and poor adaptability in the treatment of solid waste in existing solid waste incineration devices, as well as poor conveying, slag discharge, dispersion, agitation and stirring effects of solid waste in the furnace.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0011] The multi-furnace, multi-stage forward-push staged gasification combustion furnace includes a box-type furnace body with an air supply system. A pyrolysis gasification chamber is located within the furnace body. A main drying pyrolysis chamber is connected to one side of the pyrolysis gasification chamber, and a secondary drying pyrolysis chamber is connected to the other side. A furnace regulating gate is installed between the main and secondary drying pyrolysis chambers. A gasification combustion chamber is connected below the pyrolysis gasification chamber, and an ash discharge port is connected to the bottom of the gasification combustion chamber. A main drying pyrolysis grate is installed in the main drying pyrolysis chamber to push the incinerated material into the pyrolysis gasification chamber, and a secondary drying pyrolysis grate is installed in the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber to push the incinerated material into the pyrolysis gasification chamber. A main feed inlet is located above the main drying pyrolysis grate, and a secondary feed inlet is located above the secondary drying pyrolysis grate. A gasification combustion burnout grate connects the ash discharge port to the pyrolysis gasification chamber. All three pyrolysis grates—the main drying pyrolysis grate, the secondary drying pyrolysis grate, and the gasification combustion burnout grate—are forward-push grates.

[0012] The principle of this invention is as follows:

[0013] This solution offers three processing paths: main drying pyrolysis chamber – pyrolysis gasification chamber – gasification combustion chamber; secondary drying pyrolysis chamber – pyrolysis gasification chamber – gasification combustion chamber; and main drying pyrolysis chamber + secondary drying pyrolysis chamber – pyrolysis gasification chamber – gasification combustion chamber. These paths can be flexibly selected and independently controlled during use.

[0014] During normal operation, the furnace regulating gate is closed, and the disposal path follows the main drying pyrolysis chamber—pyrolysis gasification chamber—gasification combustion chamber: Solid waste is fed into the main drying pyrolysis chamber through the main inlet. Within the main drying pyrolysis chamber, it is conveyed and agitated by the movement of the main drying pyrolysis grate, then falls into the pyrolysis gasification chamber. During this process, the solid waste is dried by the gas within the main drying pyrolysis chamber, and some of it undergoes pyrolysis gasification. The solid waste entering the pyrolysis gasification chamber accumulates and layers, continuing the pyrolysis gasification reaction under the influence of radiant heat from the furnace, combustion heat, and primary air in the gasification combustion chamber, achieving layered combustion of the solid waste. The solid waste residue after pyrolysis gasification continuously enters the gasification combustion chamber under the movement of the gasification combustion burnout grate, where it is completely burned and extinguished under the influence of the gasification combustion burnout grate, furnace radiant heat, and secondary air, ultimately becoming ash and being discharged from the ash discharge port.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this plan are:

[0016] 1. Two independent drying pyrolysis chambers are designed. By opening and closing the furnace regulating gate, the main drying pyrolysis chamber, the auxiliary drying pyrolysis chamber and the pyrolysis gasification chamber can be alternately connected and operate in both chambers. The disposal path can be flexibly selected according to the properties and processing volume of solid waste. The processing capacity is large, and the chambers can be controlled separately. The atmosphere inside the furnace can be easily adjusted to ensure the drying process and effect.

[0017] 2. The internal space design and distribution of the furnace are reasonable. Based on the grate incinerator, a vertical combustion furnace structure is integrated. There is no grate in the pyrolysis gasification chamber. The movement of solid waste in the pyrolysis gasification chamber undergoes a fundamental change. It becomes loose through falling motion, which is conducive to the full action of furnace radiant heat, combustion heat and gas. This increases the looseness of solid waste and the completeness of combustion, prevents solid waste from coking and clumping, and reduces the probability of poor slag discharge and mechanical jamming.

[0018] 3. This design integrates four independent chambers into one unit to achieve multi-stage sequential gasification. It makes reasonable use of space, which is conducive to controlling the overall width of the furnace body and reducing the overall height of the furnace body. It can also ensure the process effect and the amount of solid waste processed, and is beneficial for the treatment of solid waste with high moisture content and low calorific value.

[0019] 4. Compared with vertical combustion furnaces that require additional pre-drying before being put into the furnace for combustion, this solution integrates the drying pyrolysis grate of the grate furnace. Solid waste can be directly put into the furnace for combustion without any pretreatment, achieving rapid combustion and high efficiency.

[0020] 5. The design of the pyrolysis gasification chamber facilitates the full pyrolysis and gasification of complex, high-moisture, and low-calorific-value solid wastes. This allows the large molecules of organic components in the solid wastes to break down and be converted into small-molecule combustion gases and fuels, which is beneficial for subsequent gasification combustion and the harmlessness and reduction of solid wastes.

[0021] This solution differs from our comparison document in the following ways:

[0022] 1. In Patent 1, the drying grate and the combustion grate correspond to two independent processes of pyrolysis and combustion of solid waste in the material layer, respectively, without pyrolysis reaction. However, in this scheme, the main / auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate mainly realizes the drying of solid waste and a small amount of pyrolysis reaction.

[0023] 2. Patent 1 adopts a symmetrical arrangement of two furnace chambers, with two drying grates and a combustion grates symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the furnace chamber, forming a combustion space of one furnace chamber. When viewed alone, it is exactly the same as the traditional two-section grate, and the solid waste still moves and burns along the grate. However, this solution has multiple chambers, including a main drying pyrolysis chamber, a secondary drying pyrolysis chamber, a pyrolysis gasification chamber, and a gasification combustion chamber. The solid waste falls from the main drying pyrolysis chamber and the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber into the pyrolysis gasification chamber. The movement mode of the solid waste changes fundamentally. It becomes loose through falling motion, which increases the looseness of the solid waste and the completeness of combustion.

[0024] 3. This scheme also includes a pyrolysis gasification + gasification combustion chamber. The pyrolysis gasification chamber facilitates the full pyrolysis and gasification of waste, making it ideal for complex, high-moisture, low-calorific-value township waste. This process breaks down large molecules of organic components in the waste, converting them into smaller molecules of combustible gases such as combustion gases and fuel oils. This facilitates complete combustion in the subsequent gasification combustion chamber and promotes the harmless and reduced-volume treatment of all waste materials. The space and dimensions of the pyrolysis gasification chamber are rationally designed to ensure the smooth flow of waste, water vapor, and combustible gases from top to bottom, which is conducive to the full pyrolysis and gasification of waste.

[0025] 4. In Patent 2, a single furnace body is coaxially arranged from bottom to top with a fixed-bed gasification section, a drying pyrolysis section, and a combustible gas combustion section, with the gas flow direction from bottom to top, which is an upward suction type. This solution, however, features multiple furnace chambers and multiple functions, with a downward suction gas flow direction. When processing solid waste, it is easier to generate more combustible gases with higher calorific value. The grate structure and pyrolysis gasification chamber used in this solution effectively address the issue of higher ash content inherent in downward suction types.

[0026] Furthermore, the angle between the single grate surface of the main drying pyrolysis grate, the auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate, and the gasification combustion burnout grate and the horizontal plane is 0 degrees, and the overall grate surface angle with the horizontal plane is 16-18 degrees. The lower ends of the main drying pyrolysis grate and the auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate are connected to the pyrolysis gasification chamber. The upper end of the main drying pyrolysis grate is connected to the main feed inlet, the upper end of the auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate is connected to the auxiliary feed inlet, and the lower end of the gasification combustion burnout grate is connected to the ash discharge port, while the upper end is connected to the pyrolysis gasification chamber.

[0027] Beneficial effects: The main drying pyrolysis grate, auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate, and gasification combustion grate are all inclined, with the overall grate surface tilted at an angle of 16-18 degrees to the horizontal plane. This 16-18 degree angle corresponds to the optimal grate travel, ensuring sufficient residence time for solid waste on the drying pyrolysis grate, achieving the desired drying effect (moisture content of approximately 30%). The added inclination on top of the grate movement ensures smooth material transport, prevents coking and clumping on the grate, and improves operational efficiency.

[0028] Furthermore, both the main feed inlet and the auxiliary feed inlet are connected to a material hopper, and a single-slot discharge valve is installed at the connection point.

[0029] Beneficial effects: The silo is used to temporarily store solid waste. After the single-line discharge valve is opened, it can automatically and continuously discharge materials for a short period of time. The single-line discharge valve in the silo can realize the simultaneous function of mechanical sealing and material sealing at the inlet, making the sealing effect better, ensuring the controllability of the atmosphere inside the furnace, and ensuring the drying pyrolysis process.

[0030] Furthermore, the air supply system includes a low-temperature flue gas passage for the drying section, a primary air passage for the gasification combustion section, a secondary air inlet, and a flue gas circulation passage. The secondary air inlet is located on the furnace body of the gasification combustion chamber, and a temperature sensor is installed in the low-temperature flue gas passage for the drying section. A waste heat utilization chamber is located inside the side wall of the furnace body. One end of the waste heat utilization chamber is connected to the flue gas circulation passage, and the other end of the waste heat utilization chamber has a medium-temperature flue gas outlet. The primary air passage for the gasification combustion section is located inside the outer wall of the waste heat utilization chamber.

[0031] Beneficial effects: 1. A waste heat utilization chamber is set up inside the side wall of the furnace body. The high-temperature flue gas generated after the solid waste is fully burned in the gasification combustion chamber can be introduced into the waste heat utilization chamber through the flue gas circulation channel, forming a "thermal insulation layer" inside the side wall of the furnace body to keep the drying pyrolysis chamber warm, ensuring the drying process and effect; 2. The primary air channel of the gasification combustion section is set inside the outer side wall of the waste heat utilization chamber. After the high-temperature flue gas enters the waste heat utilization chamber, it can not only keep the drying pyrolysis chamber warm, but also heat the primary air in the low-temperature flue gas channel of the drying section. The heated primary air is introduced into the gasification combustion chamber, which is more conducive to the combustion reaction, ensuring the combustion process and effect.

[0032] Furthermore, the waste heat utilization chamber is equipped with several turbulence baffles, which divide the waste heat utilization chamber into an S-shape.

[0033] Beneficial effects: The baffles create an S-shaped flue gas flow path within the waste heat recovery chamber. The high-temperature flue gas flows along this path, extending its residence time and facilitating the full utilization of its heat, thus improving the insulation of the drying pyrolysis chamber and the heating effect of the primary air. Simultaneously, particulate matter in the high-temperature flue gas is trapped within the chamber by the multiple baffles, reducing dust emissions from the medium-temperature flue gas outlet. Furthermore, the heat from the trapped high-temperature dust is recovered, further enhancing the heat recovery efficiency within the chamber.

[0034] Furthermore, the primary air duct of the gasification combustion section is S-shaped.

[0035] Beneficial effects: The primary air passage of the gasification combustion section is arranged in an S-shape, forming an S-shaped air duct. The primary air flowing along the S-shaped air duct can prolong the residence time of the primary air in the outdoor side wall of the waste heat utilization room, ensuring the heat exchange effect between the primary air and the high-temperature flue gas in the waste heat utilization room.

[0036] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is installed on the furnace body, and a temperature sensor is installed inside the furnace body.

[0037] Beneficial effects: The installation of pressure and temperature sensors allows staff to accurately know the temperature of each reaction section and the pressure inside the furnace, enabling real-time temperature and pressure control.

[0038] Furthermore, slag discharge channels are provided below the main drying pyrolysis grate, the auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate, and the combustion grate, and these channels run through the inside and outside of the furnace body.

[0039] Beneficial effects: By inserting a tool into the slag discharge channel and pushing it from the outside in, the ash below the main drying pyrolysis grate, the auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate, and the gasification combustion burnout grate can be pushed into the furnace body, thereby achieving ash removal, preventing excessive ash and slag from interfering with the grate movement, hindering the transfer of heat and hot air, and ensuring smooth air supply.

[0040] Furthermore, the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber dries the material separately. When the moisture content of the material reaches 20-30%, the furnace regulating gate is opened. When the newly fed material reaches the lower end of the secondary drying pyrolysis grate, the furnace regulating gate is closed.

[0041] Beneficial effects: Designing an independent secondary drying pyrolysis chamber allows for the separate drying and pyrolysis of materials, which is beneficial for the treatment of solid waste with high moisture content and low calorific value. When the solid waste with high moisture content and low calorific value reaches the expected drying effect (i.e., when the moisture content reaches 20-30%) through the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber, the furnace regulating gate is opened to transport the dried solid waste to the gasification combustion chamber. At the same time, new material is introduced into the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber. When the new material reaches the low-end discharge port of the secondary drying pyrolysis grate in the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber, all the dried solid waste enters the gasification combustion chamber. The furnace regulating gate is then closed, and the new material is dried and pyrolyzed separately. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, taken from the front, and includes a waste heat recovery chamber;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a left view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the furnace body (AA), the internal structure of the furnace body is not shown in the figure;

[0045] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the waste heat utilization chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0047] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: furnace body 1, secondary drying pyrolysis chamber 11, furnace regulating gate 12, pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, ash discharge port 14, main drying pyrolysis chamber 15, gasification combustion chamber 16, pressure sensor 18, slag discharge channel 19, primary air channel of gasification combustion section 2, secondary air inlet 21, secondary drying pyrolysis grate 3, movable grate bar 31, fixed grate bar 32, main drying pyrolysis grate 33, gasification combustion burnout grate 4, secondary feed port 6, single-line unloading valve 61, hopper 62, low-temperature flue gas channel of drying section 7, flue gas circulation channel 81, waste heat utilization chamber 82, medium-temperature flue gas outlet 83, and baffle plate 84.

[0048] Example:

[0049] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the multi-furnace, multi-stage forward-push staged gasification combustion furnace includes a box-type furnace body 1, a main drying pyrolysis grate 33, a secondary drying pyrolysis grate 3, a gasification combustion burnout grate 4, and an air supply system. The main drying pyrolysis grate 33, the secondary drying pyrolysis grate 3, and the gasification combustion burnout grate 4 are all forward-push grates. The furnace body 1 has a vertical pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 in the middle. The main drying pyrolysis chamber 15 is connected to the upper right side of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, and the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber 11 is connected to the left side. The gasification combustion chamber 16 is connected to the lower part of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13. A furnace regulating gate 12 is hinged between the main drying pyrolysis chamber 15 and the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber 11, allowing the furnace regulating gate 12 to close either the main drying pyrolysis chamber 15 or the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber 11. Pressure sensors 18 are installed on the side walls of the main drying pyrolysis chamber 15, the auxiliary drying pyrolysis chamber 11, and the gasification combustion chamber 16. Multiple temperature sensors (not shown in the figure) are installed inside the main drying pyrolysis chamber 15, the auxiliary drying pyrolysis chamber 11, and the gasification combustion chamber 16.

[0050] The main drying pyrolysis grate 33 is inclinedly installed in the main drying pyrolysis chamber 15, and the auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate 3 is inclinedly installed in the auxiliary drying pyrolysis chamber 11. The lower ends of both the main drying pyrolysis grate 33 and the auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate 3 are connected to the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13. The upper end of the main drying pyrolysis grate 33 is connected to the main feed inlet, and the upper end of the auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate 3 is connected to the auxiliary feed inlet 6. Both the main feed inlet and the auxiliary feed inlet 6 are connected to the hopper 62, and a single-slot discharge valve 61 is rotatably installed at the connection point. In this embodiment, the single-slot discharge valve 61 can be a butterfly valve. The gasification combustion burnout grate 4 is inclinedly installed in the gasification combustion chamber 16. Its upper end is connected to the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, and its lower end has an ash discharge port 14 on the furnace body 1. The lower end of the gasification combustion burnout grate 4 is connected to the ash discharge port 14. The main drying pyrolysis grate 33, the auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate 3, and the gasification combustion burnout grate 4 all include multiple rows of fixed grate bars 32 and multiple rows of movable grate bars 31. The fixed grate bars 32 and movable grate bars 31 are alternately arranged. The fixed grate bars 32 are fixed to the frame, and the movable grate bars 31 are driven by a drive mechanism to reciprocate on the fixed grate bars 32. The drive mechanism can be a cylinder and linkage mechanism as used in the prior art. The bottom of the main drying pyrolysis grate 33, the auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate 3, and the gasification combustion burnout grate 4 all have slag discharge channels 19, which transversely penetrate the inside and outside of the furnace body. The angle of inclination of a single row of the main drying pyrolysis grate 33, the auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate 3, and the gasification combustion burnout grate 4 to the horizontal plane is 0 degrees, and the overall angle of inclination of the grate surface to the horizontal plane is 16-18 degrees, preferably 17 degrees in this embodiment.

[0051] Combination Figure 4As shown, the air supply system includes a low-temperature flue gas passage 7 for the drying section, a primary air passage 2 for the gasification combustion section, a secondary air inlet 21, and a flue gas circulation passage 81. The secondary air inlet 21 is located on the furnace body of the gasification combustion chamber 16, and is inclined at an angle of 15°. A burner (not shown in the figure) is installed below the secondary air inlet 21; the burner is a conventional burner. Both the main drying pyrolysis chamber 15 and the auxiliary drying pyrolysis chamber 11 are connected to a low-temperature flue gas passage 7 for the drying section, and a temperature sensor is installed within the low-temperature flue gas passage 7. Waste heat utilization chambers 82 are opened in the front and rear side walls of the furnace body. The right ends of both waste heat utilization chambers 82 are connected to the flue gas circulation passage 81, and the left ends of both waste heat utilization chambers 82 have medium-temperature flue gas outlets 83. Several baffles 84 are welded into the waste heat utilization chambers 82, dividing them into S-shaped sections. Both waste heat utilization chambers 82 are equipped with gasification combustion section primary air channels 2 on their outer outer walls. The gasification combustion section primary air channels 2 are S-shaped. The two gasification combustion section primary air channels 2 converge at the bottom and connect to the gasification combustion chamber 16, using the air supplied from below the gasification combustion burnout grate 4.

[0052] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0053] This solution has three treatment paths: main drying pyrolysis chamber 15 - pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 - gasification combustion chamber 16, secondary drying pyrolysis chamber 11 - pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 - gasification combustion chamber 16, and main drying pyrolysis chamber 15 + secondary drying pyrolysis chamber 11 - pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 - gasification combustion chamber 16. In actual application, the treatment path of solid waste can be flexibly selected according to the amount of solid waste to be treated, moisture content, fuel characteristics, etc. For example, solid waste with high moisture content and low calorific value can be dried and pyrolyzed separately using the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber 11. When the material reaches the expected drying effect, i.e., when the moisture content reaches 20-30%, the furnace regulating gate 12 turns to the right, opening the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber 11 and conveying the dried solid waste to the gasification combustion chamber 16. At the same time, new material is introduced into the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber 11. When the new material reaches the low-end discharge port of the secondary drying pyrolysis grate 3 in the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber 11, all the dried solid waste enters the gasification combustion chamber 16, and the furnace regulating gate 12... Turn left to close the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber 11, and dry and pyrolyze the newly fed material separately; for large-volume cases, control the furnace regulating gate 12 to rotate to the vertical position, and both the main drying pyrolysis chamber 15 and the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber 11 will be opened, using the dual-chamber drying of the main drying pyrolysis chamber 15 and the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber 11 to ensure the drying process, effect and efficiency; for solid waste with general moisture content and calorific value or for small-volume cases, the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber 11 can be closed using the furnace regulating gate 12, and the solid waste can be dried and pyrolyzed using the main drying pyrolysis chamber 15 alone, and then put into the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13 for pyrolysis gasification.

[0054] This embodiment specifically illustrates the solid waste treatment process when using the main drying pyrolysis chamber 15 alone for drying and pyrolysis of solid waste:

[0055] When processing solid waste, it is first poured into the silo 62. The solid waste accumulates in the silo 62. When it is necessary to feed material into the main drying pyrolysis chamber 15, the single-line discharge valve 61 is opened. Each opening of the single-line discharge valve 61 completes one discharge. After entering the main drying pyrolysis chamber 15, the solid waste falls onto the forward-pushing main drying pyrolysis grate 33. Under the reciprocating motion of the movable grate plates 31, it is conveyed and agitated, and fully dried and undergoes localized pyrolysis reaction under the radiant heat of the low-temperature flue gas and the high-temperature flue gas in the waste heat utilization chamber 82, releasing water vapor and producing a small amount of pyrolysis gas. The dried solid waste falls from the discharge end of the main drying pyrolysis grate 33 into the pyrolysis gasification chamber 13, where it continues to undergo pyrolysis and gasification reactions under the influence of radiant heat from the furnace 16, gas-phase combustion heat, and heated primary air, producing syngas. Simultaneously, water vapor passing through the material layer further enhances the gasification process, increasing syngas production. The mixture of pyrolysis and gasification solid waste residue and a small amount of primary solid waste continuously enters the gasification combustion grate 4, where it comes into extensive contact with heated primary air. Under the influence of radiant heat from the furnace 16, gas-phase combustion heat, and grate movement, it undergoes complete gasification and combustion, turning into ash and slag, which is then discharged through the gasification combustion grate 4 and the ash discharge port, thus completing the solid waste disposal process. Meanwhile, the combustible gas in the flue gas is completely burned in the gasification combustion chamber 16 under the action of secondary air. After a sufficient period of time, the high-temperature flue gas enters the waste heat utilization chamber 82 and is finally discharged from the medium-temperature flue gas outlet 83. After being purified by flue gas desulfurization and meeting the standards, it is discharged or discharged as low-temperature flue gas into the main drying pyrolysis chamber 15 to continue drying the solid waste for the next incineration.

[0056] This solution features multiple furnace chambers and multiple functions, with a downward gas flow direction. When treating solid waste, it is easier to generate more combustible gases with higher calorific value. The grate structure and pyrolysis gasification chamber adopted in this solution can effectively address the issue of higher ash content associated with downward gas flow.

[0057] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-furnace, multi-stage forward-push staged gasification and combustion furnace, characterized in that: The furnace includes a box-type furnace body equipped with an air supply system. A pyrolysis gasification chamber is located within the furnace body. A main drying pyrolysis chamber is connected to the upper side of the pyrolysis gasification chamber, and a secondary drying pyrolysis chamber is connected to the lower side. A furnace regulating gate is located between the main and secondary drying pyrolysis chambers. A gasification combustion chamber is connected below the pyrolysis gasification chamber, and an ash discharge port is connected to the bottom of the gasification combustion chamber. A main drying pyrolysis grate is installed in the main drying pyrolysis chamber to push the incinerated material into the pyrolysis gasification chamber, and a secondary drying pyrolysis grate is installed in the secondary drying pyrolysis chamber to push the incinerated material into the pyrolysis gasification chamber. A main feed inlet is located above the main drying pyrolysis grate, and a secondary feed inlet is located above the secondary drying pyrolysis grate. A gasification combustion burnout grate connects the ash discharge port to the pyrolysis gasification chamber. All three pyrolysis grates—the main drying pyrolysis grate, the secondary drying pyrolysis grate, and the gasification combustion burnout grate—are sequential push grates.

2. The multi-furnace, multi-stage forward-push staged gasification and combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the single grate surface of the main drying pyrolysis grate, the auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate, and the gasification combustion burnout grate and the horizontal plane is 0 degrees, and the overall grate surface angle with the horizontal plane is 16-18 degrees. The lower ends of the main drying pyrolysis grate and the auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate are connected to the pyrolysis gasification chamber. The upper end of the main drying pyrolysis grate is connected to the main feed inlet, the upper end of the auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate is connected to the auxiliary feed inlet, and the lower end of the gasification combustion burnout grate is connected to the ash discharge port, while the upper end is connected to the pyrolysis gasification chamber.

3. The multi-furnace, multi-stage forward-push staged gasification and combustion furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the main feed port and the auxiliary feed port are connected to the silo, and a single-slot discharge valve is installed at the connection point.

4. The multi-furnace, multi-stage forward-push staged gasification and combustion furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air supply system includes a low-temperature flue gas duct for the drying section, a primary air duct for the gasification combustion section, a secondary air inlet, and a flue gas circulation duct. The secondary air inlet is located on the furnace body of the gasification combustion chamber. A temperature sensor is installed in the low-temperature flue gas duct for the drying section. A waste heat utilization chamber is located inside the side wall of the furnace body. One end of the waste heat utilization chamber is connected to the flue gas circulation duct, and the other end of the waste heat utilization chamber has a medium-temperature flue gas outlet. The primary air duct for the gasification combustion section is located inside the outer wall of the waste heat utilization chamber.

5. The multi-furnace, multi-stage forward-push staged gasification and combustion furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The waste heat utilization room is equipped with several turbulence baffles, which divide the waste heat utilization room into an S-shape.

6. The multi-furnace, multi-stage forward-push staged gasification and combustion furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The primary air duct of the gasification combustion section is S-shaped.

7. The multi-furnace, multi-stage forward-push staged gasification and combustion furnace according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is installed on the furnace body, and a temperature sensor is installed inside the furnace body.

8. The multi-furnace, multi-stage forward-push staged gasification combustion furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: The main drying pyrolysis grate, the auxiliary drying pyrolysis grate and the combustion grate are equipped with slag discharge channels that run through the inside and outside of the furnace body.

9. The multi-furnace, multi-stage forward-push staged gasification and combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary drying pyrolysis chamber dries the material separately. When the moisture content of the material reaches 20-30%, the furnace regulating gate is opened. When the newly fed material reaches the lower end of the secondary drying pyrolysis grate, the furnace regulating gate is closed.

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