Exosome extraction centrifuge tube

Abstract

The application relates to an exosome extraction centrifuge tube, which comprises a tube body, a first filter and a second filter, a sealing rubber cap is arranged at the upper end of the tube body, and the first filter and the second filter are arranged in the tube body in a spaced mode; the tube body comprises an upper branch pipe and a lower branch pipe, the lower branch pipe is provided with an annular groove, the upper branch pipe is provided with a connecting sleeve, the connecting sleeve can be inserted into the annular groove and is in threaded connection with the lower branch pipe, the first filter is located in the upper branch pipe, and the second filter is located in the lower branch pipe. The exosome extraction centrifuge tube is provided with the first filter and the second filter, so that the body fluid is filtered twice, thereby obtaining exosomes of a specified specification in the exosome extraction centrifuge tube at one time, and the exosomes do not need to be extracted through secondary separation, and the quality of exosome filtration and extraction is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a test tube, in particular to an exosome extraction centrifuge tube. BACKGROUND

[0002] Exosomes refer to small membrane vesicles containing complex RNA and proteins, specifically discoidal vesicles with a diameter of 40-100 nm, and various cells can secrete exosomes under normal and pathological conditions. Exosomes are used for beauty and wound repair.

[0003] Exosome extraction requires the use of a centrifuge tube. Chinese patent CN 215843071U discloses an exosome extraction centrifuge tube, which includes a tube body, a lid body movably connected to the top of the tube body, two fixed plates on the top of the front and back of the tube body, a membrane fixing ring on the side of each fixed plate, and a filter element fixedly connected to the bottom of the membrane fixing ring. The user directly injects the cell liquid into the filter element, and then the exosomes can be directly centrifuged out of the filter element by high-speed centrifugation. The membrane fixing ring on the upper part of the filter element can directly pour out the exosomes. However, the exosomes cannot be completely separated, for example, water with a diameter smaller than that of the exosomes will also be centrifuged out of the filter element along with the exosomes, and the exosomes need to be extracted by secondary separation, increasing the workload of the operator. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an exosome extraction centrifuge tube that allows the body fluid to be filtered twice and obtain exosomes of a specified specification at one time.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The exosome extraction centrifuge tube includes a tube body, a first filter element, and a second filter element. The upper end of the tube body is provided with a sealing cap, and the first filter element and the second filter element are arranged in the tube body in a spaced manner. The tube body includes an upper branch pipe and a lower branch pipe. The lower branch pipe is provided with an annular groove, and the upper branch pipe is provided with a connecting sleeve that can be inserted into the annular groove and threadedly connected with the lower branch pipe. The first filter element is located in the upper branch pipe, and the second filter element is located in the lower branch pipe.

[0007] In at least one embodiment, the first filter element comprises a first filter membrane, a first metal mesh, and a fixing ring, the first metal mesh is wrapped in the first filter membrane, the mesh size of the first metal mesh is much larger than the pore size of the first filter membrane, the first filter membrane is arranged in the fixing ring and is sealed between the outer periphery and the inner side wall of the fixing ring; the fixing ring is fixedly connected with the upper branch pipe and is sealed between the outer periphery and the inner side wall of the upper branch pipe. The second filter element is detachably arranged in the lower branch pipe and comprises a ring-shaped air bag, a second filter membrane, and a second metal mesh, the second metal mesh is wrapped in the second filter membrane, the mesh size of the second metal mesh is much larger than the pore size of the second filter membrane, the second filter membrane is arranged in the ring-shaped air bag and is sealed between the outer periphery and the inner side wall of the ring-shaped air bag; the inner wall of the lower branch pipe is protruded with a convex ring, and the ring-shaped air bag is connected with the convex ring. The second filter element is in a U shape.

[0008] In at least one embodiment, the first filter element is multiple, and the multiple first filter elements with different pore sizes are arranged in the upper branch pipe in a spaced manner, and the multiple first filter elements are arranged in the inner cavity of the upper branch pipe in the order from large to small according to the pore size in the direction from the sealing cap to the lower branch pipe.

[0009] In at least one embodiment, the bottom surface of the ring-shaped air bag is covered with a ring-shaped plate, the bottom of the ring-shaped plate is provided with a clamping block, the convex ring is provided with a clamping groove at the position opposite to the clamping block, and the clamping block can be clamped into the clamping groove. The clamping block is formed with an opening part from the central end part to the central inner side, giving elasticity; the clamping groove is penetrated from top to bottom, and the clamping block is provided with a protruding part on both sides of the end part, and after the clamping block is inserted into the clamping groove, the convex ring is blocked above the protruding part. The clamping groove is a tapered groove, and the large end of the clamping groove is located on the top surface of the convex ring.

[0010] In at least one embodiment, the bottom of the lower branch pipe is provided with a pouring opening and a fixing plug for sealing the pouring opening. One side of the inner wall of the ring-shaped groove is provided with a third spiral, and the other side is provided with a fourth spiral, the inner side of the connecting sleeve is provided with a first spiral matched with the third spiral, and the outer side of the connecting sleeve is provided with a second spiral matched with the fourth spiral.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present application are that:

[0012] The exosome extraction centrifuge tube of the present application is provided with a first filter element and a second filter element, so that the body fluid is filtered twice, so that the exosomes of the specified specification can be obtained at one time in the exosome extraction centrifuge tube, and the exosomes do not need to be extracted by secondary separation, thereby improving the quality of exosome filtration and extraction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is a sectional view of the exosome extraction centrifuge tube.

[0014] Figure 2 is an enlarged view of A of Figure 1 .

[0015] Figure 3is a sectional view of the lower branch pipe.

[0016] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the upper branch pipe.

[0017] Figure 5 is a sectional view of the second filter element.

[0018] Figure 6 is a B magnification view of Figure 5 .

[0019] Figure 7 is a structure view of the centrifugal tube for exosome extraction.

[0020] Explanation of reference signs:

[0021] 1, tube body; 2, first filter element; 3, second filter element; 4, sealing cap; 5, fixing plug; 11, upper branch pipe; 12, lower branch pipe; 13, annular groove; 14, connecting sleeve; 15, convex ring; 16, clamping groove; 21, first filter membrane; 22, first metal mesh; 23, fixing ring; 31, annular air bag; 32, second filter membrane; 33, second metal mesh; 34, annular plate; 35, clamping block; 36, protruding part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to enable the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application to be more clearly understood, the following further non-limiting detailed description of the technical solutions of the present application will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] As shown in Figures 1 to 7 , the centrifugal tube for exosome extraction of the embodiment comprises a tube body 1, a first filter element 2 and a second filter element 3. A sealing cap 4 is arranged at the upper end of the tube body 1, and the first filter element 2 and the second filter element 3 are arranged in the tube body 1 in a spaced manner. The sealing cap 4 is opened, and body fluid is injected into the tube body 1. After the sealing cap 4 is closed and the centrifugal machine is used for centrifugation, the body fluid is first filtered by the first filter element 2, so that large particles and impurities in the body fluid are retained on the first filter element 2; and then the body fluid is filtered by the second filter element 3, so that exosomes are filtered on the second filter element 3, and water and proteins with a diameter smaller than that of the exosomes are filtered out. The centrifugal tube for exosome extraction of the present application enables the body fluid to be filtered twice, so that the exosomes of a specified specification can be obtained in the centrifugal tube for exosome extraction at one time, and secondary separation is not needed, thereby improving the quality of exosome filtration and extraction.

[0024] The pipe body 1 comprises an upper branch pipe 11 and a lower branch pipe 12, the lower branch pipe 12 is provided with an annular groove 13, the upper branch pipe 11 is provided with a connecting sleeve 14, the connecting sleeve 14 can be inserted into the annular groove 13 and is threadedly connected with the lower branch pipe 12, the first filter element 2 is located in the upper branch pipe 11, and the second filter element 3 is located in the lower branch pipe 12. The inner wall of the annular groove 13 is provided with a third spiral on one side and a fourth spiral on the other side, the inner side of the connecting sleeve 14 is provided with a first spiral matched with the third spiral, and the outer side of the connecting sleeve 14 is provided with a second spiral matched with the fourth spiral. The bottom wall of the annular groove 13 is covered with a layer of sealing gasket, and the bottom end of the connecting sleeve 14 is located on the sealing gasket after the connecting sleeve 14 is rotated. The pipe body 1 is divided into the upper branch pipe 11 and the lower branch pipe 12, which is beneficial to obtaining the exosomes on the second filter element 3. The connection between the upper branch pipe 11 and the lower branch pipe 12 adopts four spirals, the sealing effect is better, and the upper branch pipe 11 and the lower branch pipe 12 are not easy to move relatively when the pipe body 1 is subjected to centrifugal operation; meanwhile, the inner and outer sides of the upper branch pipe 11 and the lower branch pipe 12 are threadedly connected, and the liquid in the pipe body 1 is not easy to overflow.

[0025] The first filter element 2 comprises a first filter membrane 21, a first metal mesh 22 and a fixing ring 23, the first metal mesh 22 is wrapped in the first filter membrane 21, the mesh hole of the first metal mesh 22 is much larger than the pore diameter of the first filter membrane 21, the first filter membrane 21 is arranged in the fixing ring 23 and is sealed between the outer periphery and the inner side wall of the fixing ring 23, the fixing ring 23 is fixedly connected with the upper branch pipe 11 and is sealed between the outer periphery and the inner side wall of the upper branch pipe 11. The gaps between the first filter membrane 21, the inner side wall of the fixing ring 23, the outer side wall of the fixing ring 23 and the inner side wall of the upper branch pipe 11 are avoided, meanwhile, the mesh hole of the first metal mesh 22 is much larger than the pore diameter of the first filter membrane 21, and the filtering function of the first filter membrane 21 is not easy to be affected. The first filter element 2 is multiple, the multiple first filter elements 2 with different pore diameters are arranged in the upper branch pipe 11 in a spaced manner, and the multiple first filter elements 2 are arranged in the inner cavity of the upper branch pipe 11 in the order from large to small in the pore diameter from the sealing cap 4 to the lower branch pipe 12. The first metal mesh 22 is embedded in the first filter element 2, which not only improves the structural strength of the first filter element 2, but also prevents the pore diameter of the first filter membrane 21 from being deformed and affecting the filtering function of the first filter membrane 21. The first filter element 2 is multiple, and the quality of exosome filtering and extraction is improved.

[0026] The second filter element 3 is detachably mounted in the lower branch pipe 12 and comprises an annular air bag 31, a second filter membrane 32 and a second metal mesh 33, the second metal mesh 33 is wrapped in the second filter membrane 32, the mesh hole of the second metal mesh 33 is much larger than the pore size of the second filter membrane 32, the second filter membrane 32 is arranged in the annular air bag 31 and is sealed between the outer periphery and the inner side wall of the annular air bag 31; the inner wall of the lower branch pipe 12 protrudes a convex ring 15, and the annular air bag 31 is connected with the convex ring 15. The gap between the second filter membrane 32 and the inner side wall of the annular air bag 31 is avoided, at the same time, the mesh hole of the second metal mesh 33 is much larger than the pore size of the second filter membrane 32, so that the filtering function of the second filter membrane 32 is not easily affected. The second metal mesh 33 is embedded in the second filter element 3, which not only improves the structural strength of the second filter element 3, but also the pore size of the second metal mesh 33 is not easily deformed, so that the filtering function of the second filter element 3 is not easily affected. After the annular air bag 31 is inflated, the annular air bag 31 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the lower branch pipe 12, and the gap between the annular air bag 31 and the inner wall of the lower branch pipe 12 is not easily formed, so that the filtering function of the second filter element 3 is not easily affected. After the annular air bag 31 is deflated, the second filter element 3 is contracted, which is convenient for taking out and cleaning the second filter element 3, and is convenient for repeated use. Since the pore size of the second filter membrane 32 is small, the manufacturing cost of the second filter membrane 32 is higher than that of the first filter membrane 21. The second filter element 3 can be reused, which greatly reduces the cost.

[0027] The second filter element 3 is detachably mounted in the lower branch pipe 12 and comprises an annular air bag 31, a second filter membrane 32 and a second metal mesh 33, the second metal mesh 33 is wrapped in the second filter membrane 32, the mesh hole of the second metal mesh 33 is much larger than the pore size of the second filter membrane 32, the second filter membrane 32 is arranged in the annular air bag 31 and is sealed between the outer periphery and the inner side wall of the annular air bag 31; the inner wall of the lower branch pipe 12 protrudes a convex ring 15, and the annular air bag 31 is connected with the convex ring 15. The gap between the second filter membrane 32 and the inner side wall of the annular air bag 31 is avoided, at the same time, the mesh hole of the second metal mesh 33 is much larger than the pore size of the second filter membrane 32, so that the filtering function of the second filter membrane 32 is not easily affected. The second metal mesh 33 is embedded in the second filter element 3, which not only improves the structural strength of the second filter element 3, but also the pore size of the second metal mesh 33 is not easily deformed, so that the filtering function of the second filter element 3 is not easily affected. After the annular air bag 31 is inflated, the annular air bag 31 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the lower branch pipe 12, and the gap between the annular air bag 31 and the inner wall of the lower branch pipe 12 is not easily formed, so that the filtering function of the second filter element 3 is not easily affected. After the annular air bag 31 is deflated, the second filter element 3 is contracted, which is convenient for taking out and cleaning the second filter element 3, and is convenient for repeated use. Since the pore size of the second filter membrane 32 is small, the manufacturing cost of the second filter membrane 32 is higher than that of the first filter membrane 21. The second filter element 3 can be reused, which greatly reduces the cost.

[0028] The use of the present embodiment is described with reference to the following steps:

[0029] First, remove the sealing cap 4 on the tube body 1 and inject the body fluid into the inner cavity of the tube body 1 through a syringe. Second, cover the sealing cap 4 on the tube body 1. Third, place the tube body 1 in a centrifuge and centrifuge. After opening the centrifuge, the body fluid is filtered through the first filter membrane 21 with a pore size of 0.8 μm and 0.22 μm in sequence. The large particles and impurities in the body fluid are removed, and the body fluid with a diameter less than 0.22 μm enters the inner cavity of the tube body 1 below the first filter membrane 21, and the exosomes with a diameter less than 0.22 μm and greater than 30 nm are filtered on the surface of the second filter membrane 32, and the water and small-diameter proteins are filtered out. Then, separate the upper branch pipe 11 and the lower branch pipe 12, and use a syringe to take out the exosomes on the surface of the second filter membrane 32. Finally, open the fixed plug 5 of the pouring port and drain the water and small-diameter proteins.

Claims

1. A centrifuge tube for exosome extraction, characterized by: The utility model provides a filter element, including pipe body (1), first filter piece (2) and second filter piece (3), pipe body (1) upper end sets up sealing rubber cap (4), and first filter piece (2) and second filter piece (3) are arranged at interval in pipe body (1) inside, pipe body (1) includes upper branch pipe (11) and lower branch pipe (12), and lower branch pipe (12) is equipped with annular groove (13), and upper branch pipe (11) is equipped with connecting sleeve (14), and connecting sleeve (14) can be inserted into annular groove (13) and with lower branch pipe (12) threaded connection, and first filter piece (2) is located in upper branch pipe (11), and second filter piece (3) is located in lower branch pipe (12), first filter piece (2) is multiple, and multiple aperture different first filter piece (2) is arranged at interval in upper branch pipe (11), and multiple first filter piece (2) is according to the order from big to small of aperture, in the direction of sealing rubber cap (4) to lower branch pipe (12) is arranged in the inner chamber of upper branch pipe (11) in proper order, first filter piece (2) includes first filter membrane (21), first metal screen (22) and fixed ring (23), and first metal screen (22) is wrapped in first filter membrane (21), and the mesh of first metal screen (22) is much larger than the aperture of first filter membrane (21), and first filter membrane (21) is arranged in fixed ring (23) and is sealed between the outer periphery and the inside wall of fixed ring (23) a week, fixed ring (23) is fixedly connected with upper branch pipe (11) and is sealed between the outer periphery and the inside wall of upper branch pipe (11) a week, second filter piece (3) is detachably installed in lower branch pipe (12) and includes annular air bag (31), second filter membrane (32) and second metal screen (33), and second metal screen (33) is wrapped in second filter membrane (32), and the mesh of second metal screen (33) is much larger than the aperture of second filter membrane (32), and second filter membrane (32) is arranged in annular air bag (31) and is sealed between the outer periphery and the inside wall of annular air bag (31) a week, the inner wall of lower branch pipe (12) is protruded with convex ring (15), and annular air bag (31) is connected with convex ring (15), second filter piece (3) is U-shaped, in the inflation state of annular air bag (31), the cross section of annular air bag (31) is right triangle, and the hypotenuse of right triangle is arranged obliquely from the inner wall of lower branch pipe (12) to the center of lower branch pipe (12), which is beneficial to the flow of liquid into the bottom of second filter piece (3), the bottom surface of annular air bag (31) is covered with annular plate (34), the bottom of annular plate (34) is equipped with clamping block (35), the position of convex ring (15) opposite clamping block (35) is equipped with clamping groove (16), and clamping block (35) can be clamped into clamping groove (16).

2. The centrifuge tube for exosome extraction according to claim 1, characterized by: The clamping block (35) forms an opening from the center of the end to the center of the inner side, giving elasticity, the clamping groove (16) penetrates up and down, the clamping block (35) is provided with a protruding portion (36) on both sides of the end, and after the clamping block (35) is inserted into the clamping groove (16), the convex ring (15) is blocked above the protruding portion (36).

3. The centrifuge tube for exosome extraction according to claim 2, characterized by: The clamping groove (16) is a tapered groove, and the large end of the clamping groove (16) is located on the top surface of the convex ring (15).

4. The exosome extraction centrifuge tube according to claim 3, characterized by: The bottom of the lower branch pipe (12) is provided with a pouring opening and a fixed plug (5) for sealing the pouring opening.

5. The exosome extraction centrifuge tube according to claim 1, characterized by: The inner wall of the annular groove (13) is provided with a third spiral on one side and a fourth spiral on the other side, the inner side of the connecting sleeve (14) is provided with a first spiral matched with the third spiral, and the outer side of the connecting sleeve (14) is provided with a second spiral matched with the fourth spiral.

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