Roller circumferential surface superfinishing device and method

Abstract

This invention provides an ultra-precision machining device and method for the circumferential surface of rollers, relating to the field of ultra-precision machining. Addressing the problem of low machining efficiency caused by poor coordination between loading / unloading and the ultra-precision mechanism during current ultra-precision machining of rollers, this invention employs a stepped pallet for roller transfer, connecting an external loading mechanism and the ultra-precision position. After the roller's position is adjusted on the second and first platforms, the roller to be processed is accurately loaded to the ultra-precision position, and simultaneously the processed roller is lifted and moved from the ultra-precision position to the receiving plate, improving the loading speed and accuracy of the rollers, thereby increasing the efficiency of ultra-precision machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultra-precision machining, specifically to an apparatus and method for ultra-precision machining of the circumferential surface of a roller. Background Technology

[0002] Roller precision is a crucial factor affecting the quality of roller bearings. The main precision indicators of rollers are their roughness and curvature shape. Currently, the existing technology for addressing the roughness and curvature shape of spherical rollers, logarithmic curve rollers, and outer spherical bearing rings mainly relies on ultra-precision machining to achieve the required precision. Existing ultra-precision machines use a vibration mechanism to drive an oilstone to oscillate, achieving the required roller precision through the reciprocating oscillation and grinding of the oilstone on the workpiece.

[0003] To address the issues of low machining accuracy, inconvenient honing of oilstones, and the need to change honing stone clamping devices when replacing different models of spherical rollers in existing ultra-precision machining processes, a cutting tool device for a spherical roller ultra-precision machine (publication number CN204976304U) has been disclosed in the prior art. This device is equipped with a clamping block and a matching honing stone, and an oilstone compensation mechanism is set up to automatically compensate for the honing stone, driving the honing stone to reciprocate and oscillate to grind the roller, thereby improving machining accuracy and reducing clamping difficulty. However, before and after grinding the roller with the oilstone, the roller needs to be clamped and removed. In the prior art, the coordination between the roller loading / unloading structure and the oilstone grinding structure is poor. During the roller loading / unloading process, multiple rollers may remain in the grinding position at the same time, requiring manual removal and handling, which affects the efficiency of roller ultra-precision machining. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the deficiencies of existing technologies by providing a device and method for ultra-precision machining of the circumferential surface of rollers. A stepped support plate is used for roller transfer, connecting an external feeding mechanism and an ultra-precision position. After the rollers are positioned on the second and first platforms, the rollers to be processed are accurately fed to the ultra-precision position, and simultaneously, the processed rollers are lifted and moved from the ultra-precision position to the receiving plate, thereby improving the feeding speed and accuracy of the rollers and thus increasing the efficiency of ultra-precision machining.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a device for ultra-precision machining of the circumferential surface of a roller, which adopts the following solution:

[0006] include:

[0007] The ultra-precision mechanism includes an oilstone and a pair of spaced-apart support wheels, the oilstone performing ultra-precision machining on the rollers on the support wheels;

[0008] The conveying mechanism includes a reciprocating drive structure and a stepped pallet. The pallet is located between support wheels. The reciprocating drive structure connects to the pallet and drives the pallet to move in a circular trajectory along the surface of the pallet. A first platform and a second platform with stepped distribution are formed on the pallet. The first platform and the second platform are provided with positioning grooves for bearing rollers.

[0009] The receiving plate has a clearance groove that avoids the circular track of the pallet, and a stop block is provided at the opening end of the clearance groove.

[0010] Furthermore, taking the plane defined by the axes of the two support wheels as a reference, the second platform is located above the first platform, the first platform is arranged close to the pallet, the second platform corresponds to the external feeding mechanism, and the first platform can carry the rollers on the support wheels and transport them to the receiving plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the conveying mechanism also includes a transfer plate, which is located between the feeding mechanism and the support wheel. The transfer plate is used to obtain rollers from the second platform and temporarily support them. The first platform obtains the rollers from the transfer plate and conveys them to the support wheel.

[0012] Furthermore, the transfer plate includes a V-shaped channel, the gap between the V-shaped channel and the support wheel is coplanar, and the side of the V-shaped channel forms a side support for the bearing roller.

[0013] Furthermore, the first and second platforms are respectively provided with adjustment pins, which are arranged perpendicular to the surface of the positioning groove. By changing the relative position of the positioning pins and the positioning groove, the size of the area in the positioning groove that can support the roller can be adjusted.

[0014] Furthermore, the receiving plate is arranged at an angle, and a recessed area is provided on the receiving plate. The recessed area extends upward from the lowest point of the receiving plate along the plane of the receiving plate to the clearance groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the reciprocating drive structure is connected to the bottom of the pallet, and the first and second platforms are located on the top of the pallet. The circular trajectory of the pallet's movement passes through the gap and clearance groove between the support wheels.

[0016] Furthermore, the oilstone is connected to an oilstone swing drive mechanism, which drives the oilstone to swing along an arc-shaped trajectory, with the end face of the oilstone acting on the circumferential surface of the roller on the support wheel.

[0017] A second objective of the present invention is to provide a working method utilizing the roller circumferential surface ultra-precision machining apparatus as described in the first objective, comprising:

[0018] The second platform acquires the roller to be processed from the outside and moves it to the first platform. The first platform is lifted and drives the roller to be processed to move.

[0019] The first platform contacts and supports the machined rollers on the support wheel, while simultaneously driving the rollers to be processed and the machined rollers to move.

[0020] After the processed rollers are moved above the receiving plate, the rollers to be processed are moved above the support wheels. The pallet descends and places the processed rollers on the receiving plate, while the rollers to be processed are placed on the support wheels.

[0021] The pallet is retracted to its original position, and the rollers on the support wheel are precision machined using an oilstone.

[0022] Furthermore, when the first platform simultaneously carries both the roller to be processed and the roller already processed, the roller already processed is located at the end of the positioning groove near the receiving plate.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this invention are:

[0024] (1) To address the problem of low processing efficiency caused by poor coordination between loading / unloading and the ultra-precision mechanism during ultra-precision machining of rollers, a stepped pallet is used for roller transfer, connecting the external loading mechanism and the ultra-precision position. After the roller is adjusted on the second and first platforms, the roller to be processed is accurately loaded to the ultra-precision position, and the processed roller is simultaneously lifted and moved from the ultra-precision position to the receiving plate, thereby improving the loading speed and accuracy of the roller, and thus improving the efficiency of ultra-precision machining.

[0025] (2) The first platform and the second platform are arranged in a stepped manner. A transfer plate is set above the initial position of the first platform. When the first platform moves the roller to be processed and the processed roller, the second platform moves the next roller to be processed that it carries. After the first platform places the roller to be processed on the support wheel and the processed roller on the receiving plate, the second platform places the next roller to be processed on the transfer plate. This structure is used to complete the transmission connection between the roller to be processed and the processed roller, reducing the problem of poor roller loading and unloading accuracy.

[0026] (3) The V-shaped channel formed by the transfer plate is open at the top and bottom, and there is a gap between the support wheels for the pallet to pass through when it moves, so as to meet the action requirements during the transfer of rollers. Combined with the clearance groove, the pallet completes the cycle of rising, pushing forward, falling and retracting, and sequentially conveys the externally supplied rollers for ultra-precision machining, and then sequentially discharges the ultra-precision machined rollers to the receiving plate.

[0027] (4) The receiving plate is arranged at an angle and a recessed area is set to correspond to the receiving plate. This guides the rollers after ultra-precision machining, reduces the accumulation of rollers in the clearance groove, and ensures the smooth output of the rollers after the next machining. The recess is used to collect the cutting fluid on the rollers after ultra-precision machining and guides the flow of the cutting fluid so that the cutting fluid on the rollers flows out to the required location for collection, thereby reducing the waste of cutting fluid and pollution to other locations. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the ultra-precision mechanism and the pallet in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ultra-precision mechanism in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating drive structure of the pallet connection in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pallet-supporting roller in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pallet supporting the machined rollers on the support wheel in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of how the pallet transports the processed roller to the receiving plate and loads the next roller onto the support wheel in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0035] Among them, 1. Ultra-precision mechanism, 2. Conveying mechanism, 3. Oilstone, 4. Pallet, 5. Reciprocating drive structure, 6. Support wheel, 7. First platform, 8. Second platform, 9. Positioning groove, 10. Receiving plate, 11. Clearance groove, 12. Stop block, 13. Transfer plate, 14. Adjustment stop pin, 15. Recessed area, 16. Oilstone swing drive mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Example 1

[0037] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, a device for ultra-precision machining of the circumferential surface of a roller is presented.

[0038] Before and after grinding the rollers with the oilstone 3, the rollers need to be clamped and removed. In the existing technology, the coordination between the roller loading / unloading structure and the oilstone 3 grinding structure is poor. During the roller loading / unloading process, the rollers are pushed out of the ultra-finishing position by the rod and the rollers to be processed are pushed from the outside to the ultra-finishing position. The diameter of the rod needs to be smaller than the gap of the support wheel 6 supporting the roller. Therefore, the range of action on the rollers is limited. During the pushing process, the rollers are prone to deviation. If the processed rollers are not discharged and the rollers to be processed have entered, multiple rollers will remain in the grinding position at the same time, which requires manual removal and processing, affecting the efficiency of ultra-finishing of the rollers. At the same time, there is also the situation that the processed rollers are not discharged and the rollers to be processed are not entered, resulting in repeated processing of the rollers and causing blockage upstream of the processing position.

[0039] Based on this, this embodiment provides a roller circumferential surface ultra-precision machining device, which differs from the traditional method of prying or pushing for roller loading and unloading. Instead, it uses a supporting lifting and lowering method to realize the roller loading and unloading process. Combined with the ultra-precision machining of the ultra-precision mechanism 1, it completes the work process of sequentially loading, ultra-precision machining, and sequentially unloading the rollers, avoiding transfer deviations caused by roller offset, improving loading and unloading accuracy, and thus improving the efficiency of ultra-precision machining.

[0040] The above-mentioned roller circumferential surface ultra-precision machining device will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] See Figure 1 The roller circumferential surface ultra-precision machining device mainly includes an ultra-precision mechanism 1, a conveying mechanism 2, and a receiving mechanism. The oilstone 3 of the ultra-precision mechanism 1 can be driven by the existing oilstone swing drive mechanism 16, so that the oilstone 3 swings along the required arc trajectory, acting on the outer circumferential surface of the roller to perform ultra-precision machining on the outer circumferential surface of the roller. The roller is supported by a pair of spaced support wheels 6, and the support wheels 6 drive the roller to rotate. The conveying mechanism 2 can carry and convey the machined roller to the receiving mechanism. The conveying mechanism 2 can also pick up unmachined rollers from the outside and can also carry unmachined rollers to the support wheels 6. The receiving mechanism picks up the machined roller and temporarily stores it.

[0042] Among them, the oilstone swing drive mechanism 16, as Figure 2 As shown, the oilstone oscillation drive mechanism 16 includes a motor, a crank-rocker mechanism, a swing arm, and an oscillation shaft. The lower end of the swing arm is connected to the oscillation shaft, and the upper end of the swing arm suspends the oilstone 3 above the support wheel 6 via a clamp. The swing arm can reciprocate around the axis of the oscillation shaft under the drive of the oscillation shaft, thereby causing the oilstone 3 to reciprocate above the support wheel 6. The end of the oscillation shaft away from the swing arm is connected to the motor via the crank-rocker mechanism. When the motor rotates, it drives the oscillation shaft to reciprocate around its axis through the drive rocker mechanism.

[0043] As the ultra-precision machining process continues, the oilstone 3 will wear down, and the gap between the oilstone 3 and the roller will change, requiring compensation for this wear. During the actions of unloading and loading the roller onto the support shaft, the position of the oilstone 3 needs to be adjusted. To address this, a cylinder is installed on the swing arm, and a clamp is installed at the cylinder output end, enabling the cylinder to drive the oilstone 3. On the one hand, this movement allows the oilstone 3 to move and avoid the loading and unloading process of the roller; on the other hand, it allows the movement of the oilstone 3 to compensate for its wear and maintain contact between the oilstone 3 and the circumferential surface of the ultra-precision machining roller.

[0044] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 4 The outer circumferential surface of the support wheel 6 has a groove that matches the circumferential surface of the roller. The pair of support wheels 6 form a space to accommodate the roller. The roller rotates around its axis within this range. The two ends are blocked by the edges of the support wheel 6 and will not fall out. Under the action of the groove, the roller can self-center during the rotation process and keep the roller in the normal processing position.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, the conveying mechanism 2 includes a reciprocating drive structure 5 and a stepped support plate 4, which supports the rollers for loading and unloading.

[0046] The pallet 4 is located between the support wheels 6. During the movement of the pallet 4, a gap is maintained between the pallet 4 and the support wheels 6 to avoid interference. The reciprocating drive structure 5 connects the pallet 4 and drives the pallet 4 to move in a circular trajectory along the surface of the pallet 4. The movement trajectory of the pallet 4 covers the position of the roller to be processed on the external structure supply belt, the position of the roller carried by the support wheels 6, and the receiving position of the receiving structure.

[0047] The first platform 7 and the second platform 8 are formed in a stepped distribution on the tray 4, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, both the first platform 7 and the second platform 8 are provided with positioning grooves 9 for bearing rollers. Unlike the traditional method of moving rollers by using a stop bar, a support plate 4 is used to support the rollers through the positioning grooves 9, so that the rollers can fall stably on the support plate 4 and move stably with the support plate 4.

[0048] The receiving mechanism includes a receiving plate 10, on which a clearance groove 11 is provided to avoid the annular track of the support plate 4. A stop block 12 is provided at the open end of the clearance groove 11. When the support plate 4 drives the roller to the position of the receiving plate 10, the roller passes through the clearance groove 11 and falls down, thereby placing the roller in the position of the clearance groove 11 and no longer following the support plate 4. The stop block 12 restricts the position of the roller along its axial direction to prevent the roller from falling off due to the movement of the support plate 4.

[0049] Regarding the structure of the baffle, with the plane defined by the axes of the two support wheels 6 as the reference, the second platform 8 is located above the first platform 7. The first platform 7 is arranged close to the pallet 4. The second platform 8 corresponds to the external feeding mechanism. The first platform 7 can carry the rollers on the support wheels 6 and transport them to the receiving plate 10.

[0050] The rollers need to be moved from the second platform 8 to the first platform 7. A transfer plate 13 is set up between the feeding mechanism and the support wheel 6. The transfer plate 13 is used to obtain the rollers from the second platform 8 and temporarily support them. The first platform 7 obtains the rollers from the transfer plate 13 and conveys them to the support wheel 6.

[0051] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the transfer plate 13 includes a V-shaped channel, the gap between the V-shaped channel and the support wheel 6 is coplanar, and the side of the V-shaped channel forms a side support for carrying the rollers; the top and bottom of the V-shaped channel formed by the transfer plate 13 are open, and there is a gap between the support wheels 6 for the pallet 4 to pass through when moving, so as to meet the action requirements in the process of transferring the rollers. Combined with the clearance groove 11, the pallet 4 completes the cycle of rising, pushing forward, falling and retracting, and sequentially conveys the externally supplied rollers for ultra-precision machining, and sequentially discharges the ultra-precision machined rollers to the receiving plate 10.

[0052] Optionally, the first platform 7 and the second platform 8 are respectively provided with adjustment stop pins 14. The adjustment stop pins 14 are arranged perpendicular to the surface where the positioning groove 9 is located. By changing the relative position of the positioning stop pin and the positioning groove 9, the size of the area in which the positioning groove 9 can bear the roller can be adjusted.

[0053] For rollers with different axial dimensions, the positioning groove 9 is configured with different sizes. It is understood that the positioning groove 9 on the first platform 7 must simultaneously support the roller to be processed and the roller that has already been processed. Therefore, the length of the positioning groove 9 on the first platform 7 must be greater than twice the length of the roller to fully accommodate the roller to be processed.

[0054] In other alternative methods, the first positioning groove 9 on the first platform 7 is divided into two sections, and a protrusion is provided between the two sections of the first positioning groove 9 as a gap to establish the gap between the roller to be processed and the roller that has been processed. This gap is larger than the distance between the support wheel 6 and the receiving plate 10, so as to match the dropping position of the roller to be processed and the dropping position of the roller that has been processed, thereby improving the accuracy of loading and unloading.

[0055] like Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the reciprocating drive structure 5 is connected to the bottom of the pallet 4, and the first platform 7 and the second platform 8 are located on the top of the pallet 4. The circular trajectory of the pallet 4 passes through the gap between the support wheels 6 and the clearance groove 11. The first platform 7 and the second platform 8 are stepped, and a transfer plate 13 is set above the initial position of the first platform 7. When the first platform 7 drives the roller to be processed and the processed roller to move, the second platform 8 drives the next roller to be processed carried by it to move, that is, from... Figures 5 to 6 In the process, after the first platform 7 places the roller to be processed on the support wheel 6 and the processed roller on the receiving plate 10, the second platform 8 places the next roller to be processed on the transfer plate 13. This structure completes the transfer connection between the roller to be processed and the processed roller, reducing the problem of poor roller loading and unloading accuracy.

[0056] The receiving plate 10 is arranged at an angle, and a recessed area 15 is provided on the receiving plate 10. The recessed area 15 extends upward from the lowest point of the receiving plate 10 along the plane of the receiving plate 10 to the relief groove 11. The receiving plate 10 is arranged at an angle, and the recessed area 15 is provided corresponding to the receiving plate 10 to guide the ultra-finished roller, reduce the accumulation of the roller at the position of the relief groove 11, and ensure the smooth output of the roller after the next processing. The recess is used to collect the cutting fluid on the ultra-finished roller and guide the flow of the cutting fluid, so that the cutting fluid on the roller flows out to the required position for collection, reducing the waste of cutting fluid and the contamination of other positions.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, a working method is presented.

[0059] The ultra-precision machining apparatus for the circumferential surface of rollers as described in Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0060] The second platform 8 acquires the roller to be processed from the outside and moves it to the first platform 7. The first platform 7 is lifted and drives the roller to be processed to move.

[0061] The first platform 7 contacts and supports the machined rollers on the support wheel 6, simultaneously driving the rollers to be processed and the machined rollers to move, such as... Figure 5 As shown;

[0062] After the processed rollers move above the receiving plate 10, the rollers to be processed move above the support rollers 6. The support plate 4 lowers to place the processed rollers on the receiving plate 10 and the rollers to be processed on the support rollers 6. Figure 6 As shown;

[0063] The pallet 4 is retracted to its original position, and the oilstone 3 performs ultra-precision machining on the rollers on the support wheel 6.

[0064] In addition, when the first platform 7 simultaneously carries the roller to be processed and the roller that has already been processed, the roller that has already been processed is located at the end of the positioning groove 9 near the receiving plate 10.

[0065] A stepped pallet 4 is used for the transfer of rollers, connecting the external feeding mechanism and the ultra-precision position. After the rollers are adjusted on the second platform 8 and the first platform 7, the rollers to be processed are accurately fed to the ultra-precision position, and the processed rollers are simultaneously lifted and moved from the ultra-precision position to the receiving plate 10, which improves the feeding speed and feeding accuracy of the rollers, thereby improving the efficiency of ultra-precision processing.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for ultra-precision machining of the circumferential surface of a roller, characterized in that, include: The ultra-precision mechanism includes an oilstone and a pair of spaced-apart support wheels, the oilstone performing ultra-precision machining on the rollers on the support wheels; The conveying mechanism includes a reciprocating drive structure and a stepped pallet. The pallet is located between support wheels. The reciprocating drive structure connects to the pallet and drives the pallet to move in a circular trajectory along the surface of the pallet. A first platform and a second platform with stepped distribution are formed on the pallet. The first platform and the second platform are provided with positioning grooves for bearing rollers. With the plane defined by the axes of the two support wheels as a reference, the second platform is located above the first platform. The first platform is arranged close to the pallet, and the second platform corresponds to the external feeding mechanism. The first platform can carry the rollers on the support wheels and transport them to the receiving plate. The conveying mechanism also includes a transfer plate, which is located between the feeding mechanism and the support wheel. The transfer plate is used to obtain the rollers from the second platform and temporarily support them. The first platform obtains the rollers from the transfer plate and conveys them to the support wheel. The reciprocating drive structure is connected to the bottom of the pallet, and the first platform and the second platform are located on the top of the pallet. The circular trajectory of the pallet movement passes through the gap and clearance groove between the support wheels. The receiving plate has a clearance groove that avoids the circular track of the pallet, and a stop block is provided at the opening end of the clearance groove.

2. The roller circumferential surface ultra-precision machining device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transfer plate includes a V-shaped channel, the gap between the V-shaped channel and the support wheel is coplanar, and the side of the V-shaped channel forms a side support for the bearing roller.

3. The roller circumferential surface ultra-precision machining device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second platforms are respectively provided with adjustment pins. The adjustment pins are arranged perpendicular to the surface of the positioning groove. By changing the relative position of the positioning pins and the positioning groove, the size of the area in the positioning groove that can support the roller can be adjusted.

4. The roller circumferential surface ultra-precision machining device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving plate is arranged at an angle and has a recessed area that extends upward from the lowest point of the receiving plate along the plane of the receiving plate to the clearance groove.

5. The roller circumferential surface ultra-precision machining device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The oilstone is connected to an oilstone swing drive mechanism, which drives the oilstone to swing in an arc-shaped trajectory, with the end face of the oilstone acting on the circumferential surface of the roller on the support wheel.

6. A working method, utilizing the roller circumferential surface ultra-precision machining device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: The second platform acquires the roller to be processed from the outside and moves it to the first platform. The first platform is lifted and drives the roller to be processed to move. The first platform contacts and supports the machined rollers on the support wheel, while simultaneously driving the rollers to be processed and the machined rollers to move. After the processed rollers are moved above the receiving plate, the rollers to be processed are moved above the support wheels. The pallet descends and places the processed rollers on the receiving plate, while the rollers to be processed are placed on the support wheels. The pallet is retracted to its original position, and the rollers on the support wheel are precision machined using an oilstone.

7. The working method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, When the first platform simultaneously carries both the roller to be processed and the roller that has already been processed, the roller that has already been processed is located at the end of the positioning groove near the receiving plate.

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