Surface subsidence deformation measuring device and method in trial pit water immersion test

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of ground surface settlement deformation measuring device in test pit immersion water test, it includes: monitoring pedestal, in test pit monitoring point position;Inclination measuring module, it is fixed on the monitoring pedestal upper;Settlement measuring module, it is set in the upper of the inclination measuring module.The present application also provides a kind of ground surface settlement deformation measuring method in test pit immersion water test.The present application is simple in structure, reasonable in design, respectively using static level, inclinometer measurement obtains the settlement of monitoring point position, inclination, can be according to the inclination of monitoring point position to the settlement of static level measured by correction, obtains more accurate ground surface settlement, and practicality is strong.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering monitoring technology, and in particular relates to a device and method for measuring surface settlement and deformation in a test pit immersion test. Background Technology

[0002] Western my country is home to a large amount of collapsible loess, characterized by high porosity, structure, collapsibility, and water sensitivity. Before construction, it is necessary to determine the collapsibility of the loess to identify the type and grade of site collapse. The field immersion test is the most direct and accurate method for determining self-weight collapsibility and deformation, and is the primary test method for assessing loess collapsibility. There are two main methods for evaluating loess collapsibility: indoor compression testing and field immersion testing. When conducting field immersion testing, a square or circular pit is first excavated, with gravel laid at the bottom. Shallow markers are placed at the bottom and outside of the pit, and deep markers are placed at different depths inside the pit. Water is then poured into the pit to maintain a water head of at least 300 mm. Currently, shallow leveling typically involves setting up surface settlement markers at the monitoring point location, attaching measuring steel tapes to the markers, and then using manual optical leveling to observe the settlement deformation of the markers. Although this method is simple in principle, it has drawbacks such as discontinuous observation, manual measurement, susceptibility to environmental conditions, and inability to achieve automated real-time monitoring.

[0003] The hydrostatic leveling method is a commonly used monitoring method for settlement deformation. This method typically consists of two or more interconnected hydrostatic levels, with their storage tanks connected by a liquid-flowing pipe. Liquid is injected into the tanks and flows freely within the pipes. When the liquid is in equilibrium or at rest, the liquid surface in each tank will remain at the same height. When settlement occurs at the monitoring point, the liquid level in the tank will change. A level sensor and a float are used to measure the change in liquid level in the tank, and the settlement relative to the reference point can be calculated. This method offers high accuracy, a wide monitoring range, and reliable monitoring values, and can achieve remote automated observation. Therefore, it has good application potential in the automated observation of settlement deformation in field immersion tests.

[0004] During field immersion testing, the soil layer undergoes significant collapsible settlement deformation after water infiltration. This deformation is characterized by a large area at the center of the pit, gradually decreasing in size towards the outside. Differential settlement causes shallow markers to tilt, leading to measurement errors. Therefore, to obtain reliable settlement deformation data, errors caused by the tilt of shallow markers must be eliminated. Currently, when observing surface settlement deformation during pit immersion tests using a hydrostatic level, there is a lack of suitable installation equipment for the hydrostatic level in these tests, and also a lack of methods to eliminate settlement measurement errors caused by the tilt of the hydrostatic level's reservoir. Therefore, there is an urgent need to invent a surface settlement deformation measurement device and method that can achieve automated observation and eliminate tilt errors, providing reliable data for the evaluation of loess collapsibility. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for measuring surface settlement and deformation in a test pit immersion test, and to provide at least the advantages described below.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to provide a device and method for measuring surface settlement and deformation in a test pit immersion test. The device has a simple structure and reasonable design. It uses a hydrostatic level and an inclinometer to measure the settlement and inclination of the monitoring points. The settlement measured by the hydrostatic level can be corrected according to the inclination of the monitoring points to obtain a more accurate measurement of surface settlement. The device is highly practical.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A device for measuring surface settlement and deformation during immersion tests in test pits, comprising:

[0009] The monitoring base is located at the monitoring point within the test pit;

[0010] An inclination measurement module is fixed above the monitoring base;

[0011] A settlement measurement module is positioned above the tilt measurement module;

[0012] The tilt measurement module includes two parallel inclinometer components, each of which includes:

[0013] A fully enclosed bottom cover is provided on the upper surface of the monitoring base;

[0014] A rigid inclinometer tube is vertically mounted on the fully enclosed bottom cover, and the rigid inclinometer tube has a centralizer guide groove along its axis;

[0015] A rigid connecting rod is provided at the bottom of the rigid inclinometer tube, and a pre-installed bolt is provided at the top.

[0016] The inclinometer rod is fixed above the rigid connecting rod by the pre-installed bolts;

[0017] A stabilizer that slides into the stabilizer guide groove, and the stabilizers in the two inclinometer assemblies are perpendicular to each other;

[0018] An opening top cover is used to seal the rigid inclinometer tube.

[0019] Preferably, in the surface settlement deformation measuring device for the test pit immersion test, the settlement measurement module includes:

[0020] Reference tank;

[0021] The monitoring tank is set at the same height as the reference tank and is located directly above the tilt angle measurement module. Both the reference tank and the monitoring tank are equipped with floats and liquid level sensors.

[0022] A gas connection pipe and a liquid connection pipe are disposed between the reference tank and the monitoring tank.

[0023] Preferably, in the surface settlement and deformation measuring device used in the aforementioned test pit immersion test,

[0024] The top cover with the opening is provided with a rigid connecting kit, which includes an annular part located above, a figure-eight connecting part located below, and a horizontal partition between the two.

[0025] The horizontal partition and the outer wall of the figure-eight connecting part have a total of four reserved holes, which allow the liquid connecting pipe to pass through;

[0026] The lower end of the figure-eight shaped connector is nested and connected to the perforated top cover;

[0027] The upper part of the inner wall of the figure-eight connector has a limiting ring.

[0028] The monitoring tank is placed inside the annular part.

[0029] Preferably, in the surface settlement deformation measuring device during the test pit immersion test, the two inclinometer components are fixed by a fixing clamp.

[0030] A method for measuring surface settlement and deformation during a test pit immersion test, comprising the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: Setting up monitoring points:

[0032] Three surface deformation monitoring lines extend outward from the center of the test pit along the radial direction. The angle between the three monitoring lines is 120°. The distance between monitoring points on the same line inside the test pit is 2m, and the distance between monitoring points on the same line outside the test pit is 3m.

[0033] Two sets of tilt measurement modules are set up at each monitoring point. The stabilizers of the two inclinometers are installed in a rigid inclinometer tube of length L along the x and y directions, respectively.

[0034] Step 2: Measurement of settlement and tilt angle:

[0035] Pour the monitoring base and install the hydrostatic level.

[0036] The immersion test in the test pit was started, and the settlement measurement value h of the hydrostatic level and the tilt angle measurement values ​​θ1 and θ2 of the two inclinometers were read.

[0037] Step 3: Calculation of horizontal displacement in the x and y directions:

[0038] Based on the tilt angle measurements θ1 and θ2 obtained in step two, and combined with the geometric conditions, the horizontal displacements of the monitoring point in the x and y directions, Δs1 = L·sinθ1 and Δs2 = L·sinθ2, can be calculated.

[0039] Step 4: Synthesis of actual horizontal displacement:

[0040] Based on the horizontal displacements Δs1 and Δs2 in the x and y directions obtained in step three, the actual horizontal displacement of the monitoring point can be synthesized.

[0041] Step 5: Calculation of Additional Settlement:

[0042] Based on the actual horizontal displacement of the monitoring points obtained in step four The additional settlement caused by the tilting of the rigid inclinometer tube can be calculated.

[0043] Step Six: Calculation of Additional Settlement Due to Liquid Surface Inclination in the Hydrostatic Level:

[0044] Based on the actual tilt angle of the monitoring points The additional settlement caused by the tilt of the liquid surface in the hydrostatic level can be calculated as Δh2 = H(1-secα), where H represents the initial liquid level height in the storage tank of the hydrostatic level.

[0045] Step 7: Correct the settlement calculation:

[0046] Based on the above steps, if the monitoring point is tilted, it will cause an additional settlement of Δh = Δh1 + Δh2. Then, the corrected settlement value h′ = h + Δh can be calculated.

[0047] Preferably, in the method for measuring surface settlement deformation in the test pit immersion test, the x and y directions in step one are perpendicular to each other, representing the tangent direction of the test pit radius and the test pit radius direction, respectively, and the length of the rigid inclinometer tube is 1m.

[0048] Preferably, in the method for measuring surface settlement and deformation in the test pit immersion test, the method for calculating the horizontal displacement in the x and y directions in step three is the trigonometric function method.

[0049] Preferably, in the method for measuring surface settlement and deformation during the immersion test of the test pit, in step four, the actual horizontal displacement Δs of the monitoring point conforms to the parallelogram law with the horizontal displacements Δs1 and Δs2 in the x and y directions.

[0050] Preferably, in the method for measuring surface settlement and deformation during the immersion test of the test pit, H in step six represents the initial liquid level height in the storage tank of the hydrostatic level.

[0051] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0052] It has a simple structure, reasonable design, and is easy to install and operate, with low investment costs;

[0053] Two inclinometers are placed side by side and perpendicularly, which can simultaneously measure the inclination angle in two directions;

[0054] By measuring the tilt angles in two directions, the tilt correction can be performed on the settlement monitoring data of the hydrostatic level.

[0055] Both the settlement measurement module and the tilt measurement module used can be connected to a signal receiver to achieve automated, real-time, and continuous observation.

[0056] The design is reasonable, and the settlement and tilt of the monitoring points are measured by a hydrostatic level and an inclinometer, respectively. The settlement measured by the hydrostatic level can be corrected according to the tilt of the monitoring points to obtain a more accurate amount of surface settlement, which is highly practical.

[0057] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the surface settlement and deformation measuring device for a test pit immersion test provided by the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the rigid connection kit in one embodiment of the surface settlement deformation measuring device for the test pit immersion test provided by the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Section II in the middle;

[0061] Figure 4 for Figure 2Sectional view II-II in the middle;

[0062] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the rigid inclinometer tube in one embodiment of the surface settlement and deformation measuring device for the test pit immersion test provided by the present invention;

[0063] Figure 6 A flowchart of an embodiment of the method for measuring surface settlement and deformation in a test pit immersion test provided by the present invention;

[0064] Figure 7a and 7b These are schematic diagrams illustrating the calculation principle of additional settlement caused by the tilting of the rigid inclinometer tube and the liquid surface of the hydrostatic level when the monitoring point of this invention is tilted.

[0065] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the surface subsidence correction process of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 9 This is a map showing the distribution of measuring points when using this invention to monitor land subsidence. Detailed Implementation

[0067] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0068] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not imply the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0069] This invention provides a surface settlement deformation measuring device for a test pit immersion test, comprising an inclination measurement module, a settlement measurement module, and a monitoring base module. The inclination measurement module includes an inclinometer, rigid sleeves, a rigid connecting rod, and a figure-eight clamp. The output end of the inclinometer is connected to the input end of a data acquisition module. The rigid sleeve includes two 10mm thick aluminum alloy inclinometer tubes, two perforated top covers, and two fully enclosed bottom covers. The rigid connecting rod is a solid aluminum alloy rod, 0.5m in length, with a diameter matching that of the inclinometer tube, and a bolt with the same diameter as the bottom hole of the inclinometer tube is installed at the top of the rigid connecting rod. The figure-eight clamp is used to secure the two rigid sleeves. The settlement measurement module includes a hydrostatic level and a rigid connecting kit. The output end of the hydrostatic level is connected to the input end of the data acquisition system. The upper part of the rigid connecting kit is cylindrical for docking with the upper hydrostatic level, and the lower part is a figure-eight shaped tube for docking with the lower inclination measurement module. The monitoring base module includes a rigid settlement plate and a burial pit. The rigid settlement plate measures 0.5m x 0.5m and is used to ensure the bottoms of the two rigid sleeves are level. The burial pit has a bottom area of ​​0.5m². 2 The top area is 1m² 2The depth is 0.5m. This invention has a simple structure, clear principle, and is easy to install. It can realize automated real-time monitoring of surface deformation during the immersion test of the test pit, and can also correct the tilt of the surface settlement monitoring data.

[0070] The two rigid sleeves are both 1m long and are placed side by side during installation. The bottom is sealed with a fully enclosed cover to prevent water leakage from the bottom of the rigid sleeves. The top cover is open to facilitate the lead-out of the inclinometer observation cable.

[0071] When installing the two inclinometers, ensure that the directions of the two stabilizers are perpendicular to each other to facilitate simultaneous measurement of the tilt angles of the monitoring point in two directions.

[0072] When manufacturing the rigid connecting rod, a bolt with the same diameter as the bottom eyelet hole of the inclinometer is set at the top to facilitate a tight connection with the inclinometer rod. At the same time, the bottom of the rigid connecting rod should be in close contact with the fully enclosed bottom cover of the rigid sleeve.

[0073] The figure-eight shaped clamps are made of steel and are used to bind and fix two rigid inclinometer tubes. Two figure-eight shaped clamps are installed on every two rigid inclinometer tubes, respectively, at the positions of the upper and lower stabilizers of the inclinometer.

[0074] The rigid connection kit is made of aluminum alloy with a thickness of 10mm. The upper part is cylindrical with an inner diameter that is the same as the outer diameter of the hydrostatic level's storage tank, used to connect the upper hydrostatic level. The lower part is a figure-eight shaped cylinder, and a limiter is set around the inner cylinder wall 50mm from the bottom, to reserve space for the inclinometer observation cable and liquid connecting pipe.

[0075] After the burial pit is dug, the settlement plate and the assembled rigid sleeve are placed in the center of the burial pit in sequence, and then concrete is poured.

[0076] like Figure 1As shown, a burial pit (6) is dug at the monitoring point location of the test pit (9), and a rigid settlement plate (7) is placed at the bottom of the burial pit (6). Then, the bottom of the inclinometer rod (4-3) is connected to the reserved bolt at the top of the rigid connecting rod (5). After connection, the stabilizer (4-2) is placed into the bottom of the rigid inclinometer tube (3-1) along the stabilizer guide groove (3-5), and the bottom is sealed with a fully enclosed bottom cover (3-3). The top is sealed with an open top cover (3-2), and the inclinometer observation cable (4-1) is led out along the reserved hole of the open top cover (3-2). Another rigid inclinometer tube and the inclinometer are also assembled in the same way as described above. The difference is that the stabilizers (4-2) of the two inclinometers should be perpendicular. After the two rigid inclinometer tubes (3-1) are assembled, they are tied together using fixing clamps (3-4) and placed in the center of the rigid settlement plate (7). The tied rigid inclinometer tubes (3-1) are kept vertical, and the pit (6) is filled with concrete. After the concrete has solidified, it will be placed as follows... Figure 2 The rigid connection kit (2) shown is fitted onto the top of two rigid inclinometer tubes (3-1) at its lower part. Then, the liquid storage tank (1-4) of the hydrostatic level is placed on the upper part of the rigid connection kit (2), and the inclinometer observation cable (4-1) and the hydrostatic level liquid connecting pipe (1-6) are led out along the reserved hole. After that, the hydrostatic level is assembled, which completes the assembly of the monitoring point device. Connecting the output ends of the inclinometer observation cable (4-1) and the hydrostatic level cable (1-1) to the input end of the data acquisition module (8) of the base station enables automated real-time monitoring.

[0077] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the rigid connection kit (2) is divided into upper and lower parts. The upper section is annular, and the inner diameter of the annular ring is the same as the outer diameter of the hydrostatic level's liquid storage tank (1-4). The lower section is an 8-shaped annular ring, and the inner diameter of the left and right small annular rings is the same as the outer diameter of the rigid inclinometer tube (3-1). Four holes are reserved in the middle partition and on the left and right walls of the rigid kit (2-1). Among them, the reserved hole (2-2) in the middle partition and the reserved hole (2-3) on the left wall are reserved holes for the hydrostatic level's liquid connecting pipe (1-6), and their diameters are the same as the outer diameter of the liquid connecting pipe (1-6). The reserved hole (2-4) on the right wall is reserved for the hydrostatic level's liquid connecting pipe (1-6) and the inclinometer observation cable (4-1), and its diameter should be greater than the sum of the diameters of one liquid connecting pipe (1-6) and two inclinometer observation cables (4-1). In addition, a limiter (2-5) is installed around the inner cylinder wall 50mm from the bottom of the rigid kit (2-1). The limiter (2-5) allows the rigid kit (2-1) to be fitted into the rigid inclinometer tube (3-1), leaving some space for the routing of the liquid connecting pipe (1-6) and the two inclinometer observation cables (4-1).

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown, the two rigid inclinometer tubes (3-1) are placed side by side and fixed by a fixing clamp (3-4). The two built-in inclinometer stabilizers (4-2) are placed vertically along the stabilizer guide groove (3-5) to facilitate simultaneous measurement of the inclination angles in two vertical directions.

[0079] like Figure 6 As shown, the operation steps of the surface deformation measuring device in the test pit immersion test of the present invention are as follows:

[0080] 1. Assemble the inclinometer device: Connect the lower end of the inclinometer rod (4-3) to the top of the rigid connecting rod (5) with bolts. After connection, place the stabilizers (4-2) of the two inclinometer rods (4-3) into the bottom of the inclinometer tube along the stabilizer guide groove (3-5) of the rigid inclinometer tube. Note that the stabilizers (4-2) of the two inclinometers should be perpendicular. After the inclinometer is placed into the rigid inclinometer tube (3-1), use the fixing clamp (3-4) to tie and fix the two rigid inclinometer tubes (3-1), and install the perforated top cover (3-2) and the fully enclosed bottom cover (3-3).

[0081] II. Excavation of Instrument Installation Pit: At the monitoring point set up in the test pit (9), excavate a pit with a bottom area of ​​0.5m². 2 Top area 1m 2 A burial pit (6) with a height of 0.5m was dug, and a thickness of 10mm and a surface area of ​​0.5m² was constructed. 2 The rigid settlement plate (7) is placed at the center of the bottom of the burial pit (6).

[0082] 3. Casting the monitoring point base: Place the two assembled rigid inclinometer tubes (3-1) vertically in the center of the rigid settlement plate (7) to ensure that their direction is vertical, and then pour concrete into the burial pit (6).

[0083] IV. Assemble the hydrostatic level: according to Figure 1 Assemble the hydrostatic level using the connection method shown. Place the hydrostatic level's liquid storage tank (1-4) into the upper cylinder of the rigid connection kit (2-1), and lead out the liquid connecting pipe (1-6) along the reserved hole (2-2) in the middle partition and the reserved hole (2-3) on the left wall.

[0084] V. Install the static level: Insert the lower figure-eight shaped cylinder of the rigid connection kit (2-1) into the top of the two rigid inclinometer tubes (3-1), and lead out the inclinometer observation cable (4-1) along the reserved hole (2-4) on the right wall.

[0085] 6. Connect the cables and start the observation: Connect the output ends of the static level instrument cable (1-1) and the inclinometer observation cable (4-1) to the input end of the data acquisition module (8) to start the observation of surface deformation.

[0086] Meanwhile, this invention also discloses a method for correcting settlement monitoring values ​​that is simple in procedure, reasonable in calculation, convenient in operation, and effective in use, comprising the following steps:

[0087] Step 1: Setting up monitoring points:

[0088] According to such Figure 8 Three surface deformation monitoring lines extend outward from the center of the test pit (9) along the radial direction. The angle between the three monitoring lines is 120°. The distance between monitoring points on the same measuring line inside the test pit (9) is 2m, and the distance between monitoring points on the same measuring line outside the test pit (9) is 3m. Two sets of tilt measurement modules are set at each monitoring point. The centralizers (4-2) of the two inclinometers are installed in the rigid sleeves (3-1) of length L along the x and y directions, respectively.

[0089] Step 2: Measurement of settlement and tilt angle:

[0090] Pour the monitoring base, install the static level, and connect the output ends of the static level cable (1-1) and the inclinometer observation cable (4-1) to the input end of the data acquisition module (8). Start the test pit immersion test, and read the settlement measurement value h of the static level and the tilt angle measurement values ​​θ1 and θ2 of the two inclinometers.

[0091] Step 3: Calculation of horizontal displacement in the x and y directions:

[0092] Based on the tilt angle measurements θ1 and θ2 obtained in step two, and combined with the geometric conditions, the horizontal displacements of the monitoring point in the x and y directions, Δs1 = L·sinθ1 and Δs2 = L·sinθ2, can be calculated.

[0093] Step 4: Synthesis of actual horizontal displacement:

[0094] Based on the horizontal displacements Δs1 and Δs2 in the x and y directions obtained in step three, the actual horizontal displacement of the monitoring point can be synthesized.

[0095] Step 5: Calculation of Additional Settlement:

[0096] Based on the actual horizontal displacement of the monitoring points obtained in step four The additional settlement caused by the tilting of the rigid sleeve (3-1) can be calculated.

[0097] Step Six: Calculation of Additional Settlement Due to Liquid Surface Inclination in the Hydrostatic Level:

[0098] Based on the actual tilt angle of the monitoring points The additional settlement caused by the tilt of the liquid surface in the hydrostatic level can be calculated as Δh2 = H(1-secα);

[0099] Step 7: Correct the settlement calculation:

[0100] Based on the above steps, if the monitoring point is tilted, it will cause an additional settlement of Δh = Δh1 + Δh2. The corrected settlement value can then be calculated as h′ = h + Δh.

[0101] The x and y directions mentioned in step one are perpendicular to each other, representing the tangent direction of the radius of the test pit (9) and the radius direction of the test pit, respectively, and the length L of the rigid sleeve (3-1) is 1m;

[0102] In step three, the horizontal displacement in the x and y directions is calculated using the trigonometric function method.

[0103] In step four, the actual horizontal displacement Δs of the monitoring point conforms to the parallelogram law with the horizontal displacements Δs1 and Δs2 in the x and y directions.

[0104] In step six, H represents the initial liquid level height in the storage tank (1-4) of the hydrostatic level;

[0105] The correction algorithm for the settlement monitoring value is implemented by the data processing module (10), and the final displayed settlement monitoring value is the corrected settlement amount h′.

[0106] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A method for measuring surface settlement and deformation during a test pit immersion test, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Setting up monitoring points: Three surface deformation monitoring lines extend outward from the center of the test pit along the radial direction. The angle between the three monitoring lines is 120°. The distance between monitoring points on the same line inside the test pit is 2m, and the distance between monitoring points on the same line outside the test pit is 3m. Two sets of tilt measurement modules are set up at each monitoring point. The straighteners of the two inclinometers are installed in a rigid inclinometer tube of length L along the x and y directions, respectively. The x and y directions are perpendicular to each other and represent the tangent direction of the test pit radius and the test pit radius direction, respectively. Step 2: Measurement of settlement and tilt angle: Pour the monitoring base and install the hydrostatic level. The immersion test in the test pit was started, and the settlement measurement value h of the hydrostatic level and the tilt angle measurement values ​​θ1 and θ2 of the two inclinometers were read. Step 3: Calculation of horizontal displacement in the x and y directions: Based on the tilt angle measurements θ1 and θ2 obtained in step two, and combined with geometric conditions, the horizontal displacement of the monitoring point in the x and y directions can be calculated. , ; Step 4: Synthesis of actual horizontal displacement: Based on the horizontal displacements in the x and y directions obtained in step three , The actual horizontal displacement of the monitoring point can be obtained by synthesis. ; Step 5: Calculation of Additional Settlement: Based on the actual horizontal displacement of the monitoring points obtained in step four The additional settlement caused by the tilting of the rigid inclinometer tube can be calculated. ; Step Six: Calculation of Additional Settlement Due to Liquid Surface Inclination in the Hydrostatic Level: Based on the actual tilt angle of the monitoring points The additional settlement caused by the tilt of the liquid surface in the hydrostatic level can be calculated. H represents the initial liquid level height in the storage tank of the hydrostatic level; Step 7: Correct the settlement calculation: As can be seen from the above steps, if the monitoring point tilts, it will cause additional settlement at the monitoring point. Then the corrected settlement value can be calculated. .

2. The method for measuring surface settlement and deformation in a test pit immersion test as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rigid inclinometer tube mentioned in step one has a length of 1m.

3. The method for measuring surface settlement and deformation in a test pit immersion test as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In step three, the horizontal displacement in the x and y directions is calculated using the trigonometric function method.

4. The method for measuring surface settlement and deformation in a test pit immersion test as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In step four, the actual horizontal displacement of the monitoring point and the horizontal displacement in the x and y directions conform to the parallelogram law.

5. The surface settlement deformation measuring device used in the test pit immersion test as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: The monitoring base is located at the monitoring point within the test pit; An inclination measurement module is fixed above the monitoring base; A settlement measurement module is positioned above the tilt measurement module; The tilt measurement module includes two parallel inclinometer components, each of which includes: A fully enclosed bottom cover is provided on the upper surface of the monitoring base; A rigid inclinometer tube is vertically mounted on the fully enclosed bottom cover, and the rigid inclinometer tube has a centralizer guide groove along its axis; A rigid connecting rod is provided at the bottom of the rigid inclinometer tube, and a pre-installed bolt is provided at the top. The inclinometer rod is fixed above the rigid connecting rod by the pre-installed bolts; A stabilizer that slides into the stabilizer guide groove, and the stabilizers in the two inclinometer assemblies are perpendicular to each other; An opening top cover is used to seal the rigid inclinometer tube.

6. The surface settlement and deformation measuring device in the test pit immersion test as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The settlement measurement module includes: Reference tank; The monitoring tank is set at the same height as the reference tank and is located directly above the tilt angle measurement module. Both the reference tank and the monitoring tank are equipped with floats and liquid level sensors. A gas connection pipe and a liquid connection pipe are disposed between the reference tank and the monitoring tank.

7. The surface settlement and deformation measuring device in the immersion test of the test pit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The top cover with the opening is provided with a rigid connecting kit, which includes an annular part located above, a figure-eight connecting part located below, and a horizontal partition between the two. The horizontal partition and the outer wall of the figure-eight connecting part have a total of four reserved holes, which allow the liquid connecting pipe to pass through; The lower end of the figure-eight shaped connector is nested and connected to the perforated top cover; The upper part of the inner wall of the figure-eight connector has a limiting ring. The monitoring tank is placed inside the annular part.

8. The surface settlement and deformation measuring device in the immersion test of the test pit as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The two inclinometer components are fixed by a fixing clamp.

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