Automatic gravity measurement methods, systems, and media for atomic gravimeters

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic gravity measurement method, system, and medium for an atomic gravimeter. The method includes the following steps: controlling the atomic gravimeter to perform preprocessing to meet the gravity measurement environment requirements of the atom to be measured; applying Raman light to the atom to be measured under different preset parameter configurations of the atomic gravimeter, obtaining different microwave resonance frequencies of the atom to be measured, and adjusting the power of the Raman light so that different microwave resonance frequencies meet preset conditions to obtain Raman light parameters; based on the Raman light parameters, iteratively measuring the atom to be measured based on an iterative fitting function under a preset number of iterations to obtain the final atomic interference fringes; calculating the gravitational acceleration measurement value of the atom to be measured based on the final atomic interference fringes; changing the data processing process in the measurement process from manual to automatic software processing, shortening the single gravity measurement time, and reducing the measurement result deviation caused by operational errors of different operators during the measurement process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of atomic gravimeter technology, and in particular to an automatic gravity measurement method, system and medium for atomic gravimeters. Background Technology

[0002] Over the past three decades, cold atom interferometer technology, based on laser cooling and matter wave interference, has developed rapidly and has been applied to many areas of precision measurement, demonstrating strong applicability and broad prospects. Among these, the development of atomic gravimeters has been particularly noteworthy, officially moving from the laboratory to the real world and beginning to emerge in both civilian and military fields. Currently, numerous domestic and international companies and institutions have developed and produced atomic gravimeter products, and are gradually promoting them to the market.

[0003] However, atomic gravimeter systems are extremely complex, involving fields such as optics, mechanics, electronics, computing, control, and quantum mechanics. It typically requires a significant amount of learning and debugging time for the average person to master an atomic gravimeter. Using an atomic gravimeter involves a complex process including starting peripherals, laser frequency locking, system status assessment, parameter calibration, and parameter configuration before gravity measurement can begin. This significantly limits the commercialization of atomic gravimeters, making operation and use extremely difficult. Currently, most atomic gravimeters use LabVIEW-based control and measurement methods. The measurement steps are manually performed step-by-step by the operator, who also independently processes the data. Therefore, only professionals with years of experience in the atomic field can analyze, judge, and set appropriate parameters after numerous intermediate results to complete atomic gravity measurements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an automatic gravity measurement method, system and medium for an atomic gravimeter, which changes the data processing process from manual to automatic software processing, shortens the time of a single gravity measurement, and reduces the deviation of measurement results caused by operational errors of different operators during the measurement process.

[0005] In a first aspect, an automatic gravity measurement method for an atomic gravimeter is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0006] The atomic gravimeter is preprocessed to meet the environmental requirements for gravity measurement of the atoms to be measured.

[0007] Raman light is applied to the atoms to be tested under different preset parameter configurations of the atomic gravimeter, and the microwave resonance frequencies of the atoms to be tested are obtained accordingly. The Raman light parameters are obtained when the power of the Raman light is adjusted so that the different microwave resonance frequencies meet the preset conditions.

[0008] Based on the Raman parameters, under a preset number of iterations, iterative measurements are performed on the atoms to be measured using an iterative fitting function to obtain the final atomic interference fringes.

[0009] Based on the final atomic interference fringes, the gravitational acceleration measurement of the atom to be measured is calculated.

[0010] According to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation of the first aspect, the step of "controlling the atomic gravimeter to perform preprocessing to meet the gravity measurement environment requirements of the atoms to be measured" specifically includes the following steps:

[0011] Start-up of the ion pump, laser, preheating device, and parameter configuration device;

[0012] Once the preheating time is detected to have reached the preset time, the gravity-sensitive unit is controlled to level.

[0013] The error signal of laser frequency locking is obtained, the error signal is optimized, the target frequency locking point is calculated, and the signal is sent to the laser.

[0014] According to the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in the second possible implementation of the first aspect, the step of "acquiring the error signal of laser frequency locking, optimizing the error signal, and calculating the target frequency locking point" specifically includes the following steps:

[0015] Obtain the maximum and minimum error values ​​of the laser frequency locking of the laser that are greater than a first preset threshold; obtain the first and second laser scanning feedback voltages corresponding to the maximum and minimum error values;

[0016] Calculate the phase value corresponding to the difference between the maximum error value and the minimum error value;

[0017] Calculate the target frequency locking point based on the first voltage and the second voltage.

[0018] According to the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in the third possible implementation of the first aspect, the step of "calculating the target frequency locking point based on the first voltage and the second voltage" specifically includes the following steps:

[0019] Calculate the target frequency locking point V0 using the following formula:

[0020] V0 = |V1 + V2| / 2.

[0021] According to the first aspect, in the fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, the step of "adjusting the power of the Raman light to obtain Raman light parameters when different microwave resonant frequencies meet preset conditions" specifically includes the following steps:

[0022] The number of different microwave resonant frequencies is set to 2;

[0023] When the absolute value of the difference between two microwave resonant frequencies is less than the second preset threshold, the Raman optical parameters at this time are obtained.

[0024] According to the first aspect, in the fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, the step of "according to the Raman parameters, performing iterative measurements on the atoms to be measured based on an iterative fitting function under a preset number of iterative measurement conditions to obtain the final atomic interference fringes" specifically includes the following steps:

[0025] The iterative fitting function is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] When the preset number of iterations is completed, the final atomic interference fringes are obtained. The final atomic interference fringes are the final atomic transition probabilities corresponding to the final Raman sweep frequency slope at the last iteration number of measurement.

[0028] In the formula, P is the atomic transition probability along the vertical axis; A is the transition probability bias; C is the interference fringe contrast; α is the Raman sweep frequency slope along the horizontal axis; α0 n+1 Tn is the Raman light sweep slope corresponding to the valley bottom of the stripe at the nth iteration measurement number; Tn is the Raman light pulse time interval at the nth iteration measurement number.

[0029] According to the fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, the step of "calculating the gravitational acceleration measurement value of the atom to be measured based on the final atomic interference fringes" specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] According to the final atomic transition probability P 终 Calculate the interference phase Φ of the atom to be tested:

[0031]

[0032] Based on the final Raman scan slope α0, the measured gravitational acceleration value of the atom to be measured is calculated. m :

[0033] g m =α0 / k eff -Φ / k eff T 2

[0034] In the formula, k eff is the effective wave vector of the Raman light; T is the Raman light pulse time interval during the last iteration measurement.

[0035] According to the first aspect, in the seventh possible implementation of the first aspect, before the step of “applying Raman light to the atom to be tested under different preset parameter configurations of the atomic gravimeter, obtaining different microwave resonance frequencies of the atom to be tested, and adjusting the power of the Raman light so that different microwave resonance frequencies meet the preset conditions to obtain Raman light parameters”, the specific steps include: controlling the atomic gravimeter to perform cooling and trapping treatment on the atom to be tested, and preparing the atom to the preset state.

[0036] Secondly, an automatic gravity measurement system for an atomic gravimeter is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0037] The environment configuration module is used to control the atomic gravimeter to perform preprocessing to meet the gravity measurement environment requirements of the atoms to be measured.

[0038] The Raman parameter acquisition module is communicatively connected to the environment configuration module. Under different preset parameter configurations of the atomic gravimeter, Raman light is applied to the atom to be tested, and the microwave resonance frequencies of the atom to be tested are acquired accordingly. The Raman parameters are acquired when the power of the Raman light is adjusted so that the different microwave resonance frequencies meet the preset conditions.

[0039] The atomic interference fringe acquisition module is communicatively connected to the Raman light parameter acquisition module. It is used to perform iterative measurements on the atoms to be tested based on the Raman light parameters and under a preset number of iterative measurement conditions, and to acquire the final atomic interference fringes.

[0040] The gravity calculation module is communicatively connected to the atomic interference fringe acquisition module and is used to calculate the gravitational acceleration measurement value of the atom to be measured based on the final atomic interference fringe.

[0041] Thirdly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the automatic gravity measurement method for an atomic gravimeter as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0042] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: It can automatically realize the complete gravity measurement process of an atomic gravimeter. After the operator powers on the instrument, a one-button measurement is completed. It can automatically complete all measurement steps, including preprocessing, greatly simplifying the operation and reducing the difficulty for instrument operators. Simultaneously, the data processing during the measurement process is changed from manual to automated software processing, shortening the time for a single gravity measurement and reducing measurement result deviations caused by operator errors. The measurement process does not require professional personnel, lowering the barrier to entry and promoting the productization and commercialization of atomic gravimeters, thus expanding their application scope. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of an automatic gravity measurement method for an atomic gravimeter according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of an automatic gravity measurement method for an atomic gravimeter according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic gravity measurement system for an atomic gravimeter according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] Referring now to specific embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Although the invention will be described in conjunction with specific embodiments, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to the described embodiments. Rather, it is intended to cover variations, modifications, and equivalents included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be noted that the method steps described herein can be implemented by any functional block or functional arrangement, and any functional block or functional arrangement can be implemented as a physical entity or a logical entity, or a combination of both.

[0047] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] Note: The examples described below are merely specific examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention to the specific steps, values, conditions, data, order, etc. Those skilled in the art can utilize the concept of the present invention to construct more embodiments not mentioned herein by reading this specification.

[0049] See Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an automatic gravity measurement method for an atomic gravimeter, comprising the following steps:

[0050] S100 controls the atomic gravimeter to perform preprocessing to meet the environmental requirements for gravity measurement of the atoms to be measured;

[0051] S200, under different preset parameter configurations of the atomic gravimeter, applies Raman light to the atom to be tested, and obtains different microwave resonance frequencies of the atom to be tested. The power of the Raman light is adjusted so that different microwave resonance frequencies meet the preset conditions to obtain the Raman light parameters.

[0052] S300, Based on the Raman light parameters, under a preset number of iterations, iterative measurements are performed on the atoms to be measured using an iterative fitting function to obtain the final atomic interference fringes.

[0053] S400, calculate the gravitational acceleration measurement value of the atom to be measured based on the final atomic interference fringes.

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, the present invention can automatically realize the complete gravity measurement process of an atomic gravimeter. After the operator powers on the instrument, a one-click measurement is completed. It can automatically complete all measurement steps, including preprocessing, greatly simplifying the operation and reducing the difficulty for instrument operators. Simultaneously, the data processing during the measurement process is changed from manual to automated software processing, shortening the time for a single gravity measurement and reducing measurement result deviations caused by operational errors from different operators. The measurement process does not require professional personnel, lowering the barrier to entry and promoting the productization and commercialization of atomic gravimeters, thus expanding their application scope.

[0055] Preferably, in another embodiment of this application, the step "S100, controlling the atomic gravimeter to perform preprocessing to meet the gravity measurement environment requirements of the atoms to be measured" specifically includes the following steps:

[0056] Start-up of the ion pump, laser, preheating device, and parameter configuration device;

[0057] Once the preheating time is detected to have reached the preset time, the gravity-sensitive unit is controlled to level.

[0058] The error signal of laser frequency locking is obtained, the error signal is optimized, the target frequency locking point is calculated, and the signal is sent to the laser.

[0059] Specifically, in this embodiment,

[0060] 1. After the operator manually turns on the instrument power, the main control program starts and powers on each module of the instrument in sequence.

[0061] 2. Perform a self-test on the instrument to check whether the power-on and communication of all circuit boards and peripheral modules are normal.

[0062] 3. Turn on the ion pump and control the high-voltage source to start the ion pump in the vacuum chamber to maintain the vacuum.

[0063] 4. Turn on the laser. After determining that the laser is stable based on the laser monitoring data, turn on the laser output and reach the preset power.

[0064] 5. Configure parameters and start preheating. After sending the parameters such as RF signal and constant current source according to the gravity measurement configuration, run continuously.

[0065] 6. Once the preheating time reaches the preset time, the preheating configuration ends. The attitude of the gravity-sensitive unit is adjusted by the motor of the leveling platform, and the angle is fed back in real time by the goniometer to ensure that the angle of the goniometer reaches the factory calibration value, so that the gravity-sensitive unit is in a horizontal position.

[0066] 7. Laser frequency locking: Obtain the error signal of laser frequency locking, optimize the error signal, calculate the target frequency locking point, and send it to the laser.

[0067] 8. Preheating complete. After completing the above steps and the set time has elapsed since the instrument was powered on, the atomic gravimeter instrument screen will display "Preheating complete".

[0068] 9. Begin the gravity measurement process. After the preheating is complete, the operator can select the measurement mode to start the gravity measurement at any time on the screen with one click. They can also choose to view some key parameters or perform parameter calibration, etc. Preferably, in another embodiment of this application, the step of "acquiring the error signal of the laser frequency locking, optimizing the error signal, and calculating the target frequency locking point" specifically includes the following steps:

[0069] Obtain the maximum and minimum error values ​​of the laser frequency locking of the laser that are greater than a first preset threshold; obtain the first and second laser scanning feedback voltages corresponding to the maximum and minimum error values;

[0070] Calculate the phase value corresponding to the difference between the maximum error value and the minimum error value;

[0071] Calculate the target frequency locking point based on the first voltage and the second voltage.

[0072] Preferably, in another embodiment of this application, the step of "calculating the target frequency locking point based on the first voltage and the second voltage" specifically includes the following steps:

[0073] Calculate the target frequency locking point V0 using the following formula:

[0074] V0 = |V1 + V2| / 2.

[0075] Specifically, in this embodiment, by scanning the laser wavelength, the error signal of laser frequency locking is acquired, and the maximum and minimum signal values ​​exceeding a set threshold, Vmax and Vmin, and their corresponding laser scanning feedback voltages V1 and V2, are found. The magnitude of the error signal, Vpp = Vmax - Vmin, is then calculated. The phase of the RF drive signal in the frequency locking optical path is traversed to find the phase value when Vpp is at its maximum, and this value is set. After optimization, the frequency locking point V0 = |V1 + V2| / 2 is calculated. Then, the frequency locking point, the target error signal voltage, and the PID parameters are set and fed back to the laser to complete laser frequency locking.

[0076] Preferably, in another embodiment of this application, the step of "S200, adjusting the power of the Raman light to obtain Raman light parameters when different microwave resonant frequencies meet preset conditions" specifically includes the following steps:

[0077] The number of different microwave resonant frequencies is set to 2;

[0078] When the absolute value of the difference between two microwave resonant frequencies is less than the second preset threshold, the Raman optical parameters at this time are obtained.

[0079] Specifically, in this embodiment, this step is a single-photon frequency shift optimization process, which is as follows:

[0080] Different preset parameter configurations for atomic gravimeters specifically refer to the different states (on or off, frequency jumps, etc.) of all controllable parameters in the atomic gravimeter at different times. Different parameter configurations will result in some parameters being different at different times to achieve different functions.

[0081] Under parameter configuration 1, after the atoms are cooled and trapped and prepared to the mF=0 state, a Raman light-microwave pulse is applied. By scanning the microwave pulse frequency, the transition probability of the atoms is recorded, and the optimal microwave resonance frequency f0 is obtained by Gaussian fitting.

[0082] Then, parameter configuration 2 is read and executed to measure the microwave resonance frequency of atoms under Raman light. Specifically, the atom manipulation process involves applying a microwave pulse and a non-resonant Raman beam simultaneously after the atoms have been cooled and confined to the mF=0 state. The transition probabilities of the atoms are recorded by scanning the microwave pulse frequency. The optimal microwave resonance frequency f1 is obtained through Gaussian fitting, with the microwave frequency as the horizontal axis and the transition probability as the vertical axis. Based on the fitting results, the power ratio of the two frequency components of the Raman light is continuously adjusted, for example, by changing the modulation RF power of the EOM or the output power of the master-slave laser, so that |f1-f0| is less than a threshold. Finally, the Raman light parameters at this point are written into the configuration of the subsequent gravity measurement process, completing the single-photon frequency shift optimization process.

[0083] Preferably, in another embodiment of this application, the step "S300, according to the Raman parameters, iteratively measuring the atom to be tested based on the iterative fitting function under a preset number of iterative measurement conditions to obtain the final atomic interference fringes" specifically includes the following steps:

[0084] The iterative fitting function is as follows:

[0085]

[0086] When the preset number of iterations is completed, the final atomic interference fringes are obtained. The final atomic interference fringes are the final atomic transition probabilities corresponding to the final Raman sweep frequency slope at the last iteration number of measurement.

[0087] In the formula, P is the atomic transition probability along the vertical axis; A is the transition probability bias; C is the interference fringe contrast; α is the Raman sweep frequency slope along the horizontal axis; α0 n+1 Tn is the Raman light sweep slope corresponding to the valley bottom of the stripe at the nth iteration measurement number; Tn is the Raman light pulse time interval at the nth iteration measurement number.

[0088] Specifically, in this embodiment, the parameter configuration optimized by single-photon frequency shift is first read and run to obtain the Raman light parameters at this time, which make |f1-f0| less than the threshold.

[0089] The Raman pulse time interval T of the atomic dry gravimeter is set to T1, and the Raman light scanning frequency step is set to Δα1 = 1 / (N*T1). 2 The scan start frequency is set to α11 = α01 - (N / 2)Δα1 and the scan end frequency is set to α21 = α01 + (N / 2 - 1)Δα1, where α01 is the preset Raman scan slope and N is the number of measurement points for a single interference fringe. The interference fringes of the atoms are recorded at this time, i.e., the transition probabilities P corresponding to different Raman scan slopes α. For example, in the nth measurement, the Raman pulse time interval T is set to Tn, and the Raman scan frequency step is set to Δα. n =1 / (NT) 2 The scan start frequency is set to α1. n =α0 n -(N / 2)Δα n The scan termination frequency is set to α2. n =α0 n +(N / 2-1)Δα n Where α0 n To configure the preset Raman sweep slope, where N is the number of measurement points for a single interference fringe, the Raman sweep slope α0 corresponding to the fringe valley at the nth measurement is found by fitting the following formula. n+1 , and serve as the configuration parameters for the (n+1)th measurement of the atom to be measured.

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, P is the atomic transition probability along the vertical axis; A is the transition probability bias; C is the interference fringe contrast; α is the Raman sweep frequency slope along the horizontal axis; α0 n+1 Tn is the Raman light sweep slope corresponding to the valley bottom of the stripe at the nth iteration measurement number; Tn is the Raman light pulse time interval at the nth iteration measurement number.

[0092] The iteration number n and T1 to Tn are set in advance. After the nth measurement is completed, the iteration is terminated. After continuous iteration, the final Raman light sweep slope α0 corresponding to the stripe valley bottom under the gravity measurement configuration is finally obtained. The Raman light sweep start frequency and end frequency are then calculated and written into the gravity measurement configuration.

[0093] Preferably, in another embodiment of this application, the step "S400, calculating the gravitational acceleration measurement value of the atom to be measured based on the final atomic interference fringes" specifically includes the following steps:

[0094] According to the final atomic transition probability P 终 Calculate the interference phase Φ of the atom to be tested:

[0095]

[0096] Based on the final Raman scan slope α0, the measured gravitational acceleration value of the atom to be measured is calculated. m :

[0097] g m =α0 / k eff -Φ / k eff T 2

[0098] In the formula, k eff is the effective wave vector of the Raman light; T is the Raman light pulse time interval during the last iteration measurement.

[0099] Specifically, in this embodiment, the parameter configuration modified after single-photon frequency shift optimization and center fringe scanning steps is directly read and executed, and the final atomic transition probability P corresponding to the final Raman sweep slope α0 at the last iteration measurement number is collected. 终 After the cosine function After fitting the parameters, the interference phase Φ of the atom under test is obtained. Then, the measured value of gravitational acceleration g of the atom under test is calculated using the following formula. m ;

[0100] g m =α0 / k eff -Φ / k eff T 2 ;

[0101] Once the set measurement time is reached, the measurement will automatically stop. After error corrections for tides, air pressure, etc. are completed, the local gravity measurement value will be output and displayed.

[0102] After the measurement is completed, the operator selects to power off on the screen. The instrument automatically and safely shuts off the laser and high-voltage source modules, and the screen prompts that the power can be turned off. Finally, the operator disconnects the instrument's power supply to complete a full gravity measurement.

[0103] See also Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, an automatic gravity measurement method for an atomic gravimeter is provided. The method includes: after the operator turns on the instrument power, the instrument is powered on (10), the instrument performs a self-test (20), the ion pump is turned on (30), the laser is turned on (40), parameters are configured, and preheating begins (50). According to the angle of the inclinometer in the gravity sensing unit, the attitude of the gravity sensing unit is adjusted to the calibrated angle using a leveling platform with a motor, and the gravity sensing unit is leveled (60). By collecting the error signal of laser frequency locking, the error signal is optimized and the frequency locking point is determined, and laser frequency locking is completed (70). After completing the above steps and reaching the set preheating time, preheating is completed (80). After starting the gravity process (90), single-photon frequency shift optimization (100), center fringe scanning (110), gravity measurement are completed in sequence, and the gravity measurement value is obtained (120). After completing the gravity measurement, the instrument safely shuts down each module in sequence (130), and finally the operator turns off the power to the instrument (140). The single-photon frequency shift optimization process involves measuring and comparing the atomic microwave resonance frequencies of atoms with and without Raman light, and controlling the ratio of the two frequency components in the Raman light based on the comparison results. The center fringe scanning process involves measuring the interference fringes at a pulse interval T, fitting the Raman light sweep slope corresponding to the fringe valley, and then setting it in the configuration for the next pulse interval T. This process iterates from small to large until the Raman light sweep slope configuration for gravity measurement is obtained. The gravity measurement process involves continuously performing atomic interferometry measurements, fitting the atomic interference fringes with a cosine function to obtain the original gravity measurement value, and outputting the local gravity measurement value after correcting for all errors. Preferably, in another embodiment of this application, before step "S200, under different preset parameter configurations of the atomic gravimeter, Raman light is applied to the atoms to be tested, correspondingly obtaining different microwave resonance frequencies of the atoms to be tested, and adjusting the power of the Raman light so that different microwave resonance frequencies meet the preset conditions to obtain Raman light parameters," the following steps are specifically included:

[0104] The atomic gravimeter is controlled to perform cooling and trapping treatment on the atoms to be tested, and to prepare the atoms to a preset initial state.

[0105] Specifically, in this embodiment, after the atom to be tested has been cooled and trapped and its initial state has been prepared to the mF=0 state (a magnetically insensitive state with a magnetic quantum number of 0), a non-resonant Raman beam is applied.

[0106] See also Figure 3As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides an automatic gravity measurement system for an atomic gravimeter, comprising the following steps:

[0107] The environment configuration module is used to control the atomic gravimeter to perform preprocessing to meet the gravity measurement environment requirements of the atoms to be measured.

[0108] The Raman parameter acquisition module is communicatively connected to the environment configuration module. Under different preset parameter configurations of the atomic gravimeter, Raman light is applied to the atom to be tested, and the microwave resonance frequencies of the atom to be tested are acquired accordingly. The Raman parameters are acquired when the power of the Raman light is adjusted so that the different microwave resonance frequencies meet the preset conditions.

[0109] The atomic interference fringe acquisition module is communicatively connected to the Raman light parameter acquisition module. It is used to perform iterative measurements on the atoms to be tested based on the Raman light parameters and under a preset number of iterative measurement conditions, and to acquire the final atomic interference fringes.

[0110] The gravity calculation module is communicatively connected to the atomic interference fringe acquisition module and is used to calculate the gravitational acceleration measurement value of the atom to be measured based on the final atomic interference fringe.

[0111] This invention automates the entire gravity measurement process using an atomic gravimeter. After the operator powers on the instrument, a single-button measurement is completed. It automatically performs all measurement steps, including preprocessing, significantly simplifying the operation and reducing the difficulty for operators. Furthermore, it automates data processing, replacing manual steps with software automation, shortening the measurement time and minimizing deviations caused by operator errors. The measurement process requires no specialized personnel, lowering the barrier to entry and promoting the commercialization and application of atomic gravimeters.

[0112] Specifically, this embodiment corresponds one-to-one with the above method embodiments. The functions of each module have been described in detail in the corresponding method embodiments, so they will not be repeated here.

[0113] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements all or part of the method steps of the above method.

[0114] The present invention can implement all or part of the processes in the above methods, or it can be accomplished by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable file, or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording media, USB flash drive, portable hard drive, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately added or removed according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, the computer-readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0115] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program that runs on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements all or part of the method steps described above.

[0116] The processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor is the control center of the computer device, connecting all parts of the computer device through various interfaces and lines.

[0117] Memory can be used to store computer programs and / or modules. The processor performs various functions of the computer device by running or executing the computer programs and / or modules stored in the memory, and by accessing data stored in the memory. Memory can primarily include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area can store the operating system and at least one application program required for a function (e.g., sound playback, image playback, etc.); the data storage area can store data created based on the use of the mobile phone (e.g., audio data, video data, etc.). Furthermore, memory can include high-speed random access memory, and can also include non-volatile memory, such as hard disks, RAM, plug-in hard disks, SmartMedia Cards (SMC), Secure Digital (SD) cards, Flash Cards, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices.

[0118] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, servers, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.

[0119] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), servers, and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0120] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0121] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0122] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An automatic gravity measurement method for an atomic gravimeter, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The atomic gravimeter is preprocessed to meet the environmental requirements for gravity measurement of the atoms to be measured. Raman light is applied to the atom under different preset parameter configurations of the atomic gravimeter to obtain different microwave resonance frequencies of the atom. The Raman light parameters are obtained when the power of the Raman light is adjusted so that the different microwave resonance frequencies meet the preset conditions. Based on the Raman parameters, under a preset number of iterations, iterative measurements are performed on the atoms to be measured using an iterative fitting function to obtain the final atomic interference fringes. Based on the final atomic interference fringes, calculate the gravitational acceleration measurement of the atom to be measured; The step of "according to the Raman parameters, performing iterative measurements on the atoms to be measured based on the iterative fitting function under a preset number of iterative measurement conditions, and obtaining the final atomic interference fringes" specifically includes the following steps: The iterative fitting function is as follows: ； When the preset number of iterations is completed, the final atomic interference fringe is obtained. The final atomic interference fringe is the final atomic transition probability corresponding to the final Raman light sweep slope at the last iteration number of measurement. In the formula, P is the atomic transition probability on the vertical axis; A is the transition probability bias; C is the contrast of the interference fringes; and α is the Raman sweep slope on the horizontal axis. Tn is the Raman light sweep slope corresponding to the valley bottom of the stripe at the nth iteration measurement number; Tn is the Raman light pulse time interval at the nth iteration measurement number.

2. The automatic gravity measurement method for an atomic gravimeter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of "controlling the atomic gravimeter to perform preprocessing to meet the gravity measurement environment requirements of the atoms to be measured" specifically includes the following steps: Start-up of the ion pump, laser, preheating device, and parameter configuration device; Once the preheating time is detected to have reached the preset time, the gravity-sensitive unit is controlled to level. The error signal of laser frequency locking is obtained, the error signal is optimized, the target frequency locking point is calculated, and the signal is sent to the laser.

3. The automatic gravity measurement method for an atomic gravimeter as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of "obtaining the error signal of laser frequency locking, optimizing the error signal, and calculating the target frequency locking point" specifically includes the following steps: Obtain the maximum and minimum error values ​​of the laser frequency locking of the laser that are greater than a first preset threshold; obtain the first and second laser scanning feedback voltages corresponding to the maximum and minimum error values; Calculate the phase value corresponding to the difference between the maximum error value and the minimum error value; Calculate the target frequency locking point based on the first voltage and the second voltage.

4. The automatic gravity measurement method for an atomic gravimeter as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of "calculating the target frequency locking point based on the first voltage and the second voltage" specifically includes the following steps: Calculate the target frequency locking point V0 using the following formula: V0 = |V1 + V2| / 2.

5. The automatic gravity measurement method for an atomic gravimeter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of "adjusting the power of the Raman light to obtain Raman light parameters when different microwave resonant frequencies meet preset conditions" specifically includes the following steps: The number of different microwave resonant frequencies is set to 2; When the absolute value of the difference between two microwave resonant frequencies is less than the second preset threshold, the Raman optical parameters at this time are obtained.

6. The automatic gravity measurement method for an atomic gravimeter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of "calculating the gravitational acceleration measurement value of the atom to be measured based on the final atomic interference fringes" specifically includes the following steps: According to the final atomic transition probability P 终 Calculate the interference phase Φ of the atom to be tested: ； According to the final Raman optical sweep slope Calculate the measured value of gravitational acceleration of the atom to be tested. : In the formula, k eff is the effective wave vector of the Raman light; T is the Raman light pulse time interval during the last iteration measurement.

7. The automatic gravity measurement method for an atomic gravimeter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of "applying Raman light to the atom under different preset parameter configurations of the atomic gravimeter, obtaining different microwave resonance frequencies of the atom, and adjusting the power of the Raman light so that different microwave resonance frequencies meet the preset conditions to obtain Raman light parameters", the specific steps include: controlling the atomic gravimeter to perform cooling and trapping treatment on the atom under test, and preparing the atom to the preset state.

8. An automatic gravity measurement system for an atomic gravimeter, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The environment configuration module is used to control the atomic gravimeter to perform preprocessing to meet the gravity measurement environment requirements of the atoms to be measured. The Raman parameter acquisition module is communicatively connected to the environment configuration module. Under different preset parameter configurations of the atomic gravimeter, Raman light is applied to the atom to be tested, and the microwave resonance frequencies of the atom to be tested are acquired accordingly. The Raman parameters are acquired when the power of the Raman light is adjusted so that the different microwave resonance frequencies meet the preset conditions. The atomic interference fringe acquisition module is communicatively connected to the Raman light parameter acquisition module. It is used to perform iterative measurements on the atoms to be tested based on the Raman light parameters and under a preset number of iterative measurement conditions, and to acquire the final atomic interference fringes. The gravity calculation module is communicatively connected to the atomic interference fringe acquisition module and is used to calculate the gravitational acceleration measurement value of the atom to be measured based on the final atomic interference fringe. The step of "according to the Raman parameters, performing iterative measurements on the atoms to be measured based on the iterative fitting function under a preset number of iterative measurement conditions, and obtaining the final atomic interference fringes" specifically includes the following steps: The iterative fitting function is as follows: ； When the preset number of iterations is completed, the final atomic interference fringe is obtained. The final atomic interference fringe is the final atomic transition probability corresponding to the final Raman light sweep slope at the last iteration number of measurement. In the formula, P is the atomic transition probability on the vertical axis; A is the transition probability bias; C is the contrast of the interference fringes; and α is the Raman sweep slope on the horizontal axis. Tn is the Raman light sweep slope corresponding to the valley bottom of the stripe at the nth iteration measurement number; Tn is the Raman light pulse time interval at the nth iteration measurement number.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the automatic gravity measurement method for an atomic gravimeter as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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