A substation accident oil pool environmental protection measurement and control system and method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of environmental measurement and control technology, and specifically discloses an environmental measurement and control system and method for a substation accident oil pool, comprising a power unit, a measurement and control unit, an environmental sensing unit, an oil pool load state sensing unit, and an oil pollution treatment unit; the measurement and control unit is respectively connected to the environmental sensing unit, the oil pool load state sensing unit, and the oil pollution treatment unit; the environmental sensing unit includes an environmental meteorological sensing module and a gas content sensing module; the oil pool load state sensing unit is used to measure the oil content and the liquid level of the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool and send the data to the measurement and control unit; the oil pollution treatment unit is used to separate the oil and water in the oil-water mixture. In this technical solution, the environmental sensing unit and the oil pool load state sensing unit monitor the data of the accident oil pool in real time, and the measurement and control unit processes the monitored data in real time, thereby enabling timely detection of hidden dangers and timely warnings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection measurement and control, and in particular relates to an environmental protection measurement and control system and method for an accident oil pool in a transformer substation. Background Art

[0002] The accident oil pool can allow the leaked oil to flow out of the tank group smoothly and flow into the accident liquid storage pool when an accident occurs, preventing the leaked oil from exploding, thereby protecting the substation equipment and the personal safety of the staff.

[0003] During substation transformer oil sump operation, leaked oil drips onto the stone mortar beneath the transformer and flows through the emergency oil sump for storage. This oil does not completely decompose on its own in the natural environment and remains stored. When it rains, the oil is washed out and carried by rainwater to nearby rivers and farmland, causing ecological pollution. Currently, treatment of oil in substation emergency oil sump oil still relies on the design of the oil sump structure and manual inspection of the oil drain device. This traditional method, unable to monitor the oil sump liquid level and the oil content in the discharge water, makes regular cleaning somewhat blind and extremely inefficient in emergency oil sump management. Transformer oil contains a variety of environmentally polluting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and benzene compounds. These pollutants are carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic, seriously affecting people's production and life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmental protection measurement and control system and method for a substation accident oil pool, so as to solve the problems of lag and blindness caused by manual regular cleaning in the prior art, as well as the problems of direct sewage discharge causing ecological pollution and affecting residents' health.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a technical solution of the present invention is: an environmental protection measurement and control system for an accident oil pool in a substation, comprising a power unit, a measurement and control unit, an environmental perception unit, an oil pool load state sensing unit and an oil pollution treatment unit; the power unit is used to supply power to the measurement and control system; the measurement and control unit is respectively connected with the environmental perception unit, the oil pool load state sensing unit and the oil pollution treatment unit to realize data interaction, power distribution and control; the environmental perception unit comprises an environmental weather perception module and a gas content perception module; the environmental weather perception module is used to sense the environmental weather around the accident oil pool and send the data to the measurement and control unit; the gas content perception module is used to sense the accident oil pool The content of each gas in the pool and sends the data to the measurement and control unit; the oil pool load state sensing unit is used to measure the oil content and the liquid level of the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool and send the data to the measurement and control unit; the measurement and control unit receives and processes the environmental data sent by the environmental perception unit and the oil pool data sent by the oil pool load state perception unit, and sends the processed environmental data and oil pool data to the terminal, and sends an alarm message to the terminal based on the processed environmental data; the measurement and control unit controls the oil pollution treatment unit based on the processed oil pool data and environmental data; the oil pollution treatment unit is used to separate oil and water in the oil-water mixture.

[0006] Furthermore, the oil pollution treatment unit includes a mixing tank, an oil-water separation tank and a sewage tank, the inlet of the mixing tank is connected to the accident oil pool through a first pipe, the first pipe is provided with a first valve, and the mixing tank is used to store oil-water mixture; the outlet of the mixing tank is connected to a second pipe and a third pipe respectively, the second pipe is connected to the inlet of the oil-water separation tank, the second pipe is provided with a second valve; the third pipe is connected to the sewage tank, the third pipe is provided with a third valve; the oil-water separation tank is provided with a separation structure for separating oil and water; the two outlets of the oil-water separation tank are connected to a fourth pipe and a fifth pipe respectively, the fourth pipe is connected to the oil storage tank; the fifth pipe is connected to the sewage tank The sewage tank is connected; a first oil content sensor is provided in the sewage tank, and the first oil content sensor monitors the oil content in the sewage tank in real time and sends the data to the measurement and control unit; the outlet side of the sewage tank is respectively connected to the sixth pipeline and the seventh pipeline; the inlets of the sixth pipeline and the seventh pipeline are both located on the side of the first oil content sensor close to the outlet side of the sewage tank; a fourth valve and a one-way check valve are provided in sequence on the sixth pipeline along the flow direction, and the sixth pipeline is connected to the sewage outlet of the accident oil pool; a fifth valve is provided on the seventh pipeline, and the seventh pipeline is connected to the accident oil pool; the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve and the one-way check valve are controlled by the measurement and control unit.

[0007] Furthermore, the separation structure includes a polyvinylidene fluoride filter membrane and a super-hydrophobic nano-layer isolation membrane respectively arranged at the two outlet positions of the oil-water separation tank, the polyvinylidene fluoride filter membrane corresponds to the fifth pipeline; the super-hydrophobic nano-layer isolation membrane corresponds to the fourth pipeline.

[0008] Furthermore, the environmental meteorological sensing module includes an optical rain sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and an ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor; the gas content sensing module includes a CO gas concentration sensor, a CH4 gas concentration sensor, an O2 concentration sensor, and an H2S gas concentration sensor.

[0009] Furthermore, the oil pool load state sensing unit includes a second oil content sensor and a liquid level detector connected to the measurement and control unit.

[0010] Furthermore, a differential pressure pump is provided in the mixing chamber for extracting the oil-water mixture in the mixing chamber into the oil-water separation chamber. The second pipeline is located on the upper side of the third pipeline, and the outlet of the differential pressure pump is connected to the inlet of the second pipeline; the third pipeline is located on the lower side of the mixing chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the fourth pipeline is located above the fifth pipeline.

[0012] In order to achieve the above object, another technical solution of the present invention is: a substation accident oil pool environmental protection measurement and control method, comprising

[0013] Data monitoring: The environmental weather sensing module senses the environmental weather around the accident oil pool in real time and sends the data to the measurement and control unit; the gas content sensing module senses the content of each gas in the accident oil pool in real time and sends the data to the measurement and control unit; the oil pool load state sensing unit measures the oil content and liquid level of the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool in real time and sends the data to the measurement and control unit;

[0014] Data transmission: The measurement and control unit sends the data sent by the environmental weather sensing module, the gas content sensing module and the oil pool load status sensing unit to the terminal; the operator judges the situation of the accident oil pool based on the above data;

[0015] Measurement and control judgment: The measurement and control unit processes the data measured by the oil pool load state sensor unit and the environmental meteorological data sensed by the environmental meteorological sensing module, and determines whether the oil pollution treatment unit needs to be started based on the environmental meteorological data and the liquid level data of the oil-water mixture. It also determines whether the oil content exceeds the national environmental protection emission standards based on the oil content data, and controls the oil pollution treatment unit based on the judgment result.

[0016] Oil pollution treatment: the measurement and control unit opens the first valve, and the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool will enter the mixing chamber; when the measurement and control unit determines that the oil content in the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool does not exceed the national environmental protection emission standard, the measurement and control unit opens the third valve, and the oil-water mixture enters the sewage tank from the mixing chamber; when the measurement and control unit determines that the oil content in the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool exceeds the national environmental protection emission standard, the measurement and control unit opens the differential pressure pump and the second valve, and the differential pressure pump extracts the oil-water mixture in the mixing chamber into the oil-water separation chamber. The super-hydrophobic nano-layer isolation membrane allows oil to pass through and blocks water, and the separated oil will flow into the oil storage barrel through the fourth pipe. The polyvinylidene fluoride filter membrane allows water to pass through and blocks oil, and the separated water will flow into the sewage tank through the fifth pipe; the first oil content sensor in the sewage tank detects the oil content in the sewage tank and sends the data to the measurement and control unit; when the measurement and control unit determines that the oil content in the oil-water mixture in the sewage tank does not exceed the national environmental protection emission standard, the measurement and control unit opens the fourth valve and the one-way check valve, and the oil-water mixture in the sewage tank is directly discharged from the sewage outlet; when the measurement and control unit determines that the oil content in the oil-water mixture in the sewage tank exceeds the national environmental protection emission standard, the measurement and control unit opens the fifth valve, and the oil-water mixture in the sewage tank flows back to the accident oil pool to wait for secondary treatment.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are:

[0018] ① This technical solution integrates environmental perception, measurement and control, multi-sensor fusion and other technologies, which can enable the current mechanical substation accident oil pool to be intelligently and automatically maintained, reduce environmental disasters and enhance economic value.

[0019] ② This technical solution adopts the first oil content sensor in combination with the liquid level detector to sense the load status of the accident oil pool in real time, supplemented by environmental meteorological and gas content detection data for decision-making support.

[0020] ③ In this technical solution, the environmental perception unit and the oil pool load status sensing unit monitor the data of the accident oil pool in real time, and the measurement and control unit processes the monitored data in real time, so that hidden dangers can be discovered in time and early warning can be given in time.

[0021] ④ This technical solution adopts an oil pollution treatment unit, which can separate and treat the oil-water mixture according to the control of the measurement and control unit, so that the treated discharge liquid can meet the environmental protection pollution discharge standards.

[0022] ⑤ This technical solution uses a gas content sensing module. When operators need to enter the accident oil pool to perform oil pool and equipment maintenance, they can determine whether the air environment in the accident oil pool is safe. If it is below the safety warning line, the measurement and control unit will issue a danger alarm to the terminal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1This is a structural diagram of an environmental protection measurement and control system for an emergency oil pool in a substation according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for environmental monitoring and control of an emergency oil pool in a substation according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is the control logic diagram of the measurement and control unit;

[0026] Figure 4 This is the control logic diagram of the oil treatment unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0028] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: power unit 1, measurement and control unit 2, environmental perception unit 3, oil pool load state sensing unit 4, oil pollution treatment unit 5, mixing chamber 6, oil-water separation chamber 7, sewage discharge chamber 8, first valve 9, differential pressure pump 10, second valve 11, third valve 12, super-hydrophobic nano-layer isolation membrane 13, polyvinylidene fluoride filter membrane 14, oil storage barrel 15, first oil content sensor 16, fourth valve 17, one-way check valve 18, and fifth valve 19.

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] A substation accident oil pool environmental protection measurement and control system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a power unit 1, a measurement and control unit 2, an environmental perception unit 3, an oil pool load state sensing unit 4 and an oil pollution treatment unit 5; the power unit 1 is used to supply power to the measurement and control system; the measurement and control unit 2 is respectively connected to the environmental perception unit 3, the oil pool load state sensing unit 4 and the oil pollution treatment unit 5 to realize data interaction, power distribution and control.

[0031] Power unit 1 manages power supply and distribution for the loads, distributing energy to measurement and control unit 2 and oil treatment unit 5. It also employs overvoltage, overcurrent, and reverse polarity protection measures to protect the output power supply. Power unit 1 supplies power to the loads via a digital switch. Simultaneously, the digital switch transmits measurement data—such as voltage, current, power, temperature rise, and switch status—of each input and output power supply to measurement and control unit 2 for analysis and decision-making. The switch also receives switching control from measurement and control unit 2, ensuring orderly and reliable power management for each load system. This includes input measurement, input protection, digital switching, and output protection groups.

[0032] Environmental sensing unit 3 includes an environmental weather sensing module and a gas content sensing module. The environmental weather sensing module is used to sense the ambient weather around the accident oil pool and transmit the data to measurement and control unit 2. The environmental weather sensing module includes an optical rain sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and an ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor. Based on the environmental weather parameters, measurement and control unit 2 can analyze and decide whether to issue an early warning or activate the oil treatment unit 5 to prevent the oil-water mixture from overflowing due to the delayed and inefficient operation of the oil treatment unit 5 caused by excessive rainwater entering the accident oil pool. The gas content sensing module is used to sense the concentrations of various gases within the accident oil pool and transmit the data to measurement and control unit 2. The gas content sensing module includes CO, CH4, O2, and H2S gas concentration sensors. When operators need to enter the accident oil pool for oil pool and equipment maintenance, the module allows them to determine whether the air environment within the accident oil pool is safe. If it is below the safety warning line, measurement and control unit 2 will issue a danger warning to the terminal. The oil pool load state sensing unit 4 is used to measure the oil content and liquid level of the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool and send the data to the measurement and control unit 2. The oil pool load state sensing unit 4 includes a second oil content sensor connected to the measurement and control unit 2 (using an ultraviolet fluorescence measuring instrument with an excitation wavelength of 254nm in the far ultraviolet region) and a liquid level detector (using a pressure-type liquid level detector).

[0033] The measurement and control unit 2 receives and processes the environmental data sent by the environmental perception unit 3 and the oil pool data sent by the oil pool load status perception unit, and sends the processed environmental data and oil pool data to the terminal, and sends an alarm message to the terminal based on the processed environmental data; the measurement and control unit 2 controls the oil pollution treatment unit 5 based on the processed oil pool data and environmental data; the oil pollution treatment unit 5 is used to separate oil and water in the oil-water mixture.

[0034] The measurement and control unit 2 is an MCU intelligent control system that monitors the status of each load port in real time and reports the monitoring data to the MCU for analysis and processing, so as to timely and effectively control the orderly operation of each logic system, and is responsible for the power distribution and power supply management of the environmental perception unit 3 and the oil pool load status sensor unit 4. By detecting the report values of the environmental perception unit 3 and the oil pool load status sensor unit 4, the measurement feedback values of the power unit 1 and the oil treatment unit 5 and the control values of the terminal, the intelligent control of the power unit 1 and the oil treatment unit 5 is realized, and the control results and system status information can be reported upward through the terminal interface. Due to the intelligent processing of the measurement and control unit 2, the intelligent control of each subsystem can be flexibly realized. The control logic diagram is as follows Figure 3 shown.

[0035] The oil treatment unit 5 automatically performs oil-water separation and purification on the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool under the control of the measurement and control unit 2. The control logic diagram is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. The oil pollution treatment unit 5 includes a mixing chamber 6, an oil-water separation chamber 7, and a sewage discharge chamber 8. The inlet of the mixing chamber 6 is connected to the accident oil pool via a first pipe, which is provided with a first valve 9. The mixing chamber 6 is used to store the oil-water mixture. The outlet of the mixing chamber 6 is connected to a second pipe and a third pipe respectively. The second pipe is connected to the inlet of the oil-water separation chamber 7, which is provided with a second valve 11. The third pipe is connected to the sewage discharge chamber 8, which is provided with a third valve 12. A differential pressure pump 10 is provided in the mixing chamber 6 for pumping the oil-water mixture in the mixing chamber 6 into the oil-water separation chamber 7. The second pipe is located above the third pipe, and the outlet of the differential pressure pump 10 is connected to the inlet of the second pipe. The third pipe is located below the mixing chamber 6.

[0036] The oil-water separation chamber 7 purifies and separates the oil-water mixture, separating the transformer oil from the mixture. The purified, low-oil wastewater is then discharged to the sewage discharge chamber 8. The oil-water separation chamber 7 is equipped with a separation structure for separating oil and water. The two outlets of the oil-water separation chamber 7 are connected to a fourth pipe and a fifth pipe, respectively. The fourth pipe is located above the fifth pipe and is connected to an oil storage tank 15. The fifth pipe is connected to the sewage discharge chamber 8. The separation structure includes a polyvinylidene fluoride filter membrane 14 and a super-hydrophobic nano-layered isolation membrane 13, respectively, located at the two outlets of the oil-water separation chamber 7. The polyvinylidene fluoride filter membrane 14 corresponds to the fifth pipe, and the super-hydrophobic nano-layered isolation membrane 13 corresponds to the fourth pipe. A first oil content sensor 16 (an ultraviolet fluorescence measuring instrument using far ultraviolet fluorescence with an excitation wavelength of 254 nm) is provided in the sewage discharge bin 8. The first oil content sensor 16 monitors the oil content in the sewage discharge bin 8 in real time and sends the data to the measurement and control unit 2; the outlet side of the sewage discharge bin 8 is connected to a sixth pipeline and a seventh pipeline respectively; the inlets of the sixth pipeline and the seventh pipeline are both located on the side of the first oil content sensor 16 close to the outlet side of the sewage discharge bin 8; a fourth valve 17 and a one-way check valve 18 are provided in sequence on the sixth pipeline along the flow direction, and the sixth pipeline is connected to the sewage outlet of the accident oil pool; a fifth valve 19 is provided on the seventh pipeline, and the seventh pipeline is connected to the accident oil pool; the first valve 9 (valve A), the second valve (valve C) 11, the third valve (valve B) 12, the fourth valve (valve D) 17, the fifth valve (valve E) 19 and the one-way check valve 18 are controlled by the measurement and control unit 2. The first oil content sensor 16 detects the oil content in the separated sewage and provides a reference for the measurement and control unit 2 to make decisions on the control logic of the fourth valve 17, the fifth valve 19 and the one-way check valve 18. The one-way check valve 18 has a one-way conduction function and is installed at the sewage outlet of the accident oil pool to prevent external sewage from flowing back into the sewage tank 8.

[0037] A method for environmental protection measurement and control of oil pool in substation accident, such as Figure 2Shown, including

[0038] Step S1: Data monitoring: The environmental weather sensing module senses the environmental weather (rainfall, temperature and humidity, wind speed and direction) around the accident oil pool in real time and sends the data to the measurement and control unit 2; the gas content sensing module senses the content of each gas (CO, CH4, O2, H2S gas concentration) in the accident oil pool in real time and sends the data to the measurement and control unit 2; the oil pool load state sensing unit 4 measures the oil content and liquid level of the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool in real time and sends the data to the measurement and control unit 2;

[0039] Step S2: Data transmission: The measurement and control unit 2 transmits the data received from the environmental weather sensing module, the gas content sensing module, and the oil pool load status sensing unit 4 to the terminal; the operator determines the condition of the accident oil pool based on the above data; when the operator needs to enter the accident oil pool to perform oil pool and equipment maintenance, the operator can determine whether the air environment in the accident oil pool is safe. If it is below the safety warning line, the measurement and control unit 2 issues a danger warning prompt to the terminal;

[0040] Step S3: measurement and control judgment: the measurement and control unit 2 processes the data measured by the oil pool load state sensing unit 4 and the environmental meteorological data sensed by the environmental meteorological sensing module, and judges whether it is necessary to start the oil pollution treatment unit 5 according to the environmental meteorological data and the liquid level data of the oil-water mixture. The measurement and control unit 2 can analyze and decide whether to issue an early warning or start the oil pollution treatment unit 5 according to the environmental meteorological parameters to prevent the oil pollution treatment unit 5 from overflowing due to the untimely and inefficient operation of the oil pollution treatment unit 5 caused by a large amount of rainwater pouring into the accident oil pool; the pressure type liquid level detector monitors the height of the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool in real time. When the height of the oil-water mixture exceeds the dangerous warning value, the measurement and control unit 2 promptly starts the differential pressure pump 10 of the oil pollution treatment unit 5 to quickly and effectively discharge wastewater to prevent overflow of the accident oil pool; judge whether the oil content exceeds the national environmental protection emission standard (40mg / L) according to the oil content data, and control the oil pollution treatment unit 5 according to the judgment result;

[0041] Step S4: Oil pollution treatment: the measurement and control unit 2 opens the first valve 9, and the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool will enter the mixing chamber 6; when the measurement and control unit 2 determines that the oil content in the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool does not exceed the national environmental protection emission standard (less than or equal to 40 mg / L) based on the data transmitted by the second oil content sensor, the measurement and control unit 2 opens the third valve 12, and the oil-water mixture enters the sewage tank 8 from the mixing chamber 6; when the measurement and control unit 2 determines that the oil content in the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool exceeds the national environmental protection emission standard (greater than 40 mg / L), the measurement and control unit 2 opens the differential pressure pump 10 and the second valve 11, and the differential pressure pump 10 extracts the oil-water mixture in the mixing chamber 6 into the oil-water separation chamber 7, and the super-hydrophobic nano-layer isolation membrane 13 passes oil and blocks water, separating The separated oil will flow into the oil storage barrel 15 through the fourth pipe, the polyvinylidene fluoride filter membrane 14 will pass water and block oil, and the separated water will flow into the sewage bin 8 through the fifth pipe; the first oil content sensor 16 in the sewage bin 8 detects the oil content in the sewage bin 8 and sends the data to the measurement and control unit 2; when the measurement and control unit 2 determines that the oil content in the oil-water mixture in the sewage bin 8 does not exceed the national environmental protection emission standard, the measurement and control unit 2 opens the fourth valve 17 and the one-way check valve 18, and the oil-water mixture in the sewage bin 8 is directly discharged from the sewage outlet; when the measurement and control unit 2 determines that the oil content in the oil-water mixture in the sewage bin 8 exceeds the national environmental protection emission standard, the measurement and control unit 2 opens the fifth valve 19, and the oil-water mixture in the sewage bin 8 flows back to the accident oil pool to wait for secondary treatment.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0043] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. Common knowledge such as the known specific structures and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. Ordinary technicians in the field are aware of all common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can obtain all existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental means before that date. Ordinary technicians in the field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the inspiration given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several variations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention. These will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A substation accident oil pool environmental protection measurement and control system, characterized by: The invention comprises a power unit (1), a measurement and control unit (2), an environment sensing unit (3), an oil pool load state sensing unit (4) and an oil pollution treatment unit (5); the power unit (1) is used to supply power to the measurement and control system; the measurement and control unit (2) is respectively connected to the environment sensing unit (3), the oil pool load state sensing unit (4) and the oil pollution treatment unit (5) to realize data interaction, power distribution and control; the environment sensing unit (3) comprises an environmental weather sensing module and a gas content sensing module; the environmental weather sensing module is used to sense the environmental weather around the accident oil pool and send the data to the measurement and control unit (2); the gas content sensing module is used to sense the content of each gas in the accident oil pool and send the data to the measurement and control unit ( 2); the oil pool load state sensing unit (4) is used to measure the oil content and the liquid level of the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool and send the data to the measurement and control unit (2); the measurement and control unit (2) receives and processes the environmental data sent by the environmental sensing unit (3) and the oil pool data sent by the oil pool load state sensing unit, and sends the processed environmental data and oil pool data to the terminal, and sends an alarm message to the terminal based on the processed environmental data; the measurement and control unit (2) controls the oil pollution treatment unit (5) based on the processed oil pool data and environmental data; the oil pollution treatment unit (5) is used to separate the oil and water in the oil-water mixture; the oil pollution treatment unit (5) includes a mixing tank (6), an oil-water The separation chamber (7) and the sewage discharge chamber (8) are connected between the inlet of the mixing chamber (6) and the accident oil pool via a first pipe, the first pipe is provided with a first valve (9), and the mixing chamber (6) is used to store oil-water mixture; the outlet of the mixing chamber (6) is connected to a second pipe and a third pipe respectively, the second pipe is connected to the inlet of the oil-water separation chamber (7), the second pipe is provided with a second valve (11); the third pipe is connected to the sewage discharge chamber (8), the third pipe is provided with a third valve (12); the oil-water separation chamber (7) is provided with a separation structure for separating oil and water; the two outlets of the oil-water separation chamber (7) are connected to a fourth pipe and a fifth pipe respectively, and the fourth pipe is connected to an oil storage barrel (15); The fifth pipeline is connected to the sewage discharge bin (8); a first oil content sensor (16) is provided in the sewage discharge bin (8), and the first oil content sensor (16) monitors the oil content in the sewage discharge bin (8) in real time and sends the data to the measurement and control unit (2); the outlet side of the sewage discharge bin (8) is connected to a sixth pipeline and a seventh pipeline respectively; the inlets of the sixth pipeline and the seventh pipeline are both located on the side of the first oil content sensor (16) close to the outlet side of the sewage discharge bin (8); a fourth valve (17) and a one-way check valve (18) are provided in sequence on the sixth pipeline along the flow direction, and the sixth pipeline is connected to the sewage discharge outlet of the accident oil pool; a fifth valve (19) is provided on the seventh pipeline, and the seventh pipeline is connected to the accident oil pool;The first valve (9), the second valve (11), the third valve (12), the fourth valve (17), the fifth valve (19) and the one-way check valve (18) are controlled by the measurement and control unit (2).

2. The environmental protection measurement and control system for the substation accident oil pool according to claim 1 is characterized by: The separation structure comprises a polyvinylidene fluoride filter membrane (14) and a super-hydrophobic nano-layer isolation membrane (13) respectively arranged at two outlet positions of the oil-water separation chamber (7), wherein the polyvinylidene fluoride filter membrane (14) corresponds to the fifth pipeline; and the super-hydrophobic nano-layer isolation membrane (13) corresponds to the fourth pipeline.

3. The environmental protection measurement and control system for the substation accident oil pool according to claim 1 is characterized by: The environmental meteorological sensing module includes an optical rainfall sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and an ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor; the gas content sensing module includes a CO gas concentration sensor, a CH4 gas concentration sensor, an O2 concentration sensor, and an H2S gas concentration sensor.

4. The environmental protection measurement and control system for the substation accident oil pool according to claim 1 is characterized by: The oil pool load state sensing unit (4) comprises a second oil content sensor and a liquid level detector connected to the measurement and control unit (2).

5. The environmental protection measurement and control system for the substation accident oil pool according to claim 2 is characterized by: A differential pressure pump (10) is provided in the mixing chamber (6) for pumping the oil-water mixture in the mixing chamber (6) into the oil-water separation chamber (7); the second pipeline is located above the third pipeline, and the outlet of the differential pressure pump (10) is connected to the inlet of the second pipeline; the third pipeline is located below the mixing chamber (6).

6. The environmental protection measurement and control system for the substation accident oil pool according to claim 1 is characterized by: The fourth pipeline is located above the fifth pipeline.

7. A measurement and control method implemented by using the substation accident oil pool environmental protection measurement and control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: include Data monitoring: The environmental weather sensing module senses the environmental weather around the accident oil pool in real time and sends the data to the measurement and control unit (2); the gas content sensing module senses the content of each gas in the accident oil pool in real time and sends the data to the measurement and control unit (2); the oil pool load state sensing unit (4) measures the oil content and the liquid level of the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool in real time and sends the data to the measurement and control unit (2); Data transmission: the measurement and control unit (2) transmits the data sent by the environmental weather sensing module, the gas content sensing module and the oil pool load state sensing unit (4) to the terminal; the operator judges the situation of the accident oil pool based on the above data; Measurement and control judgment: the measurement and control unit (2) processes the data measured by the oil pool load state sensing unit (4) and the environmental meteorological data sensed by the environmental meteorological sensing module, and judges whether it is necessary to start the oil pollution treatment unit (5) based on the environmental meteorological data and the liquid level data of the oil-water mixture; judges whether the oil content exceeds the national environmental protection emission standard based on the oil content data, and controls the oil pollution treatment unit (5) based on the judgment result; Oil pollution treatment: the measurement and control unit (2) opens the first valve (9), and the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool enters the mixing chamber (6); when the measurement and control unit (2) determines that the oil content in the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool does not exceed the national environmental protection emission standard, the measurement and control unit (2) opens the third valve (12), and the oil-water mixture enters the sewage discharge chamber (8) from the mixing chamber (6); when the measurement and control unit (2) determines that the oil content in the oil-water mixture in the accident oil pool exceeds the national environmental protection emission standard, the measurement and control unit (2) opens the differential pressure pump (10) and the second valve (11), and the differential pressure pump (10) extracts the oil-water mixture in the mixing chamber (6) into the oil-water separation chamber (7), and the super-hydrophobic nano-layer isolation membrane (13) allows oil to pass through and blocks water, and the separated oil flows into the oil storage barrel (15) through the fourth pipeline. The polyvinylidene fluoride filter membrane (14) allows water to pass through and blocks oil, and the separated water flows into the sewage bin (8) through the fifth pipe; the first oil content sensor (16) in the sewage bin (8) detects the oil content in the sewage bin (8) and sends the data to the measurement and control unit (2); when the measurement and control unit (2) determines that the oil content in the oil-water mixture in the sewage bin (8) does not exceed the national environmental protection emission standard, the measurement and control unit (2) opens the fourth valve (17) and the one-way check valve (18), and the oil-water mixture in the sewage bin (8) is directly discharged from the sewage outlet; when the measurement and control unit (2) determines that the oil content in the oil-water mixture in the sewage bin (8) exceeds the national environmental protection emission standard, the measurement and control unit (2) opens the fifth valve (19), and the oil-water mixture in the sewage bin (8) flows back to the accident oil pool to wait for secondary treatment.

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