Railway loading and unloading flat cars

Abstract

The present invention discloses a railway loading and unloading flat car, comprising an underframe, an upper track, a bogie, and transition rails disposed at the front and rear ends of the underframe. Drive assemblies movably connected to the transition rails are disposed at both ends of the underframe. The drive assemblies are used to drive the transition rails to extend or retract outward. When fully extended, the transition rails are aligned with the upper track. A height adjustment assembly is disposed on the underframe, used to adjust the height of the transition rails relative to the upper track. By optimizing the structural design of the drive assembly and the height adjustment assembly, the present invention can rapidly achieve track docking between the flat car and the transport vehicle, with high accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, and in particular to a railway loading and unloading flat car. Background Art

[0002] Railway loading and unloading flatcars are flatbed vehicles used for transferring and loading cargo onto transport vehicles. During the cargo transfer process, a movable transition rail is used to connect the tracks between the two vehicles, which are then dismantled. Due to the cargo being carried, there is a height difference between the two vehicles, both empty and loaded. The slope of the ground track also creates an uneven track surface. Consequently, after the movable transition rails are connected, the track surface height difference between the two vehicles is uneven, affecting the movement of the cargo vehicles on the track.

[0003] During cargo transfer on existing railway loading and unloading flat cars, the movable transition rails are manually removable and carried manually. When needed, the transition rails are installed between the two vehicles and, after trial use, removed and placed in a toolbox or other designated transition rail location. Track height and leveling are typically adjusted using pads and external pulling to maintain levelness and a uniform height difference after track docking. This existing technology suffers from the following drawbacks: Existing track docking and leveling methods are labor-intensive, inefficient, and inherently dangerous.

[0004] Based on the above situation, the present invention proposes a railway loading and unloading flat car, which can effectively solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce the intensity of manual labor and improve the efficiency of cargo transshipment, the present invention designs a railway loading and unloading flat car that can quickly connect to the track and accurately adjust the height and level of the track surface on the car.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A railway loading and unloading flat car comprises an underframe, an upper track, a bogie and transition rails arranged at the front and rear ends of the underframe, wherein the front and rear ends of the underframe are both provided with drive assemblies movably connected to the transition rails, and the drive assemblies are used to drive the transition rails to extend or retract outward, and the transition rails in a fully extended state are connected with the upper track and are in the same straight line; a height adjustment assembly is provided on the underframe, and the height adjustment assembly is used to adjust the track surface height of the transition rail and the upper track.

[0008] Preferably, the driving assembly includes at least one group of connecting rod mechanisms arranged on the outside of the transition rail in the width direction, each group of the connecting rod mechanisms includes a power rod, a main connecting rod and a slave connecting rod, the two ends of the main connecting rod are respectively rotatably connected to the transition rail and the base frame, the two ends of the slave connecting rod are respectively rotatably connected to the transition rail and the base frame, and the main connecting rod and the slave connecting rod are arranged at intervals in the front and back direction of the extension direction of the transition rail; one end of the power rod is rotatably connected to the middle part of the main connecting rod, and the other end is rotatably connected to the base frame, and the power rod is used to drive the main connecting rod to rotate back and forth along the extension direction of the upper rail.

[0009] Furthermore, the connecting rod mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transition rail in the width direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the power rod is a hydraulic strut or a cylinder strut.

[0011] Preferably, a set of the height adjustment components is correspondingly provided below each upper rail at the front and rear ends of the chassis.

[0012] Preferably, the height adjustment assembly includes a lifting beam, a telescopic mechanism and a support leg arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the lifting beam is fixed to the bottom surface of the base frame, the telescopic mechanism is used to drive the support leg to rise and fall in the height direction, and the support leg can be supported on the lower track.

[0013] Furthermore, a support pad is provided at the bottom of the support leg, and the support pad is located on the top of the lower rail.

[0014] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism adopts hydraulic support and contraction, spiral support and contraction, or cylinder support and contraction.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention can quickly achieve track docking between a flat car and a transport vehicle with high track docking accuracy by optimizing the structural design of a drive component and a height adjustment component.

[0017] Existing movable transition rails are manually removable and labor-intensive, inefficiently handled, and increase the time required for cargo transfer. Compared to existing technologies, the present invention utilizes electric control and a connecting rod assembly to enable the transition rail to be extended and retracted, significantly reducing manual labor intensity while also improving cargo transfer efficiency.

[0018] Existing methods for adjusting track surface height and level typically use pads and external pulling to maintain levelness and smooth track surface height differences after track docking. Compared to existing technologies, this invention significantly reduces manual labor through the use of an electric telescopic mechanism. The telescopic mechanisms at the four corners can be controlled individually, in groups, or simultaneously. Adjusting the telescopic range of each corner allows for height and level adjustment of the track surface after vehicle track docking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the railway loading and unloading flat car of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the chassis of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drive assembly of the present invention (retracted state).

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drive assembly of the present invention (partially extended state).

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drive assembly of the present invention (fully extended state).

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the height adjustment component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure numerals: underframe 1, upper track 2, bogie 3, transition rail 4, drive assembly 5, connecting rod mechanism 51, power rod 510, main connecting rod 511, slave connecting rod 512, height adjustment assembly 6, lifting beam 61, telescopic mechanism 62, support leg 63, support pad 64, lower track 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose, the specific implementation method and working principle of a railway loading and unloading flat car proposed in accordance with the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0027] In order to ensure reliable connection between the two rails, adjustable track height difference, and low operation intensity, the present invention designs a railway loading and unloading flat car that can automatically connect the rails and adjust the height and level of the rail surface on the vehicle. The railway loading and unloading flat car is located on the lower track.

[0028] like Figure 1-2The figure shows a railway loading and unloading flat car, comprising a chassis 1, upper rails 2, bogies 3, transition rails 4, a drive assembly 5, and a height adjustment assembly 6. The chassis 1 is an all-steel welded structure. The transition rails 4 are located at the front and rear ends of the chassis 1. The drive assembly 5 is used to extend or retract the transition rails 4 outward. When fully extended, the transition rails 4 are aligned with the upper rails 2. The height adjustment assembly 6 is used to adjust the height of the transition rails 4 relative to the upper rails 2.

[0029] like Figure 3-5 As shown, the drive assembly 5 includes two sets of connecting rod mechanisms 51 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transition rail 4 in the width direction. Each set of connecting rod mechanisms 51 includes a power rod 510, a main connecting rod 511, and a slave connecting rod 512. The two ends of the main connecting rod 511 are respectively connected to the transition rail 4 and the base frame 1 through a pin, and the two ends of the slave connecting rod 512 are respectively connected to the transition rail 4 and the base frame 1 through a pin. The main connecting rod 511 and the slave connecting rod 512 are spaced apart in the front and back direction along the extension direction of the transition rail 4. One end of the power rod 510 is connected to the middle of the main connecting rod 511 through a pin, and the other end is connected to the base frame 1 through a pin. The power rod 510 is used to drive the main connecting rod 511 to rotate back and forth along the extension direction of the upper rail 2. Specifically, the power rod 510 is a hydraulic strut or a cylinder strut.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, after the movable rail is retracted, the connecting rod mechanism 51 is in a folded state, and the transition rail 4 is located above the upper rail 2; Figure 4 As shown, when the movable rail is extended, the power rod 510 is activated to drive the main connecting rod 511 to extend forward along the extension direction of the rail. The transition rail 4 is pushed forward by the main connecting rod 511, and the slave connecting rod 512 is driven by the transition rail 4 to rotate forward. The main connecting rod 511 and the slave connecting rod 512 play the role of supporting the transition rail 4; Figure 5 As shown, the movable rail continues to be extended forward until the transition rail 4 and the upper rail 2 are in the same straight line, and the extension is completed; vice versa.

[0031] like Figure 6 As shown, a set of height adjustment assemblies 6 are located below each upper track 2 at the front and rear ends of the chassis 1. These assemblies comprise, from top to bottom, a lifting beam 61, a telescoping mechanism 62, and support legs 63. Lifting beam 61 is fixed to the bottom surface of chassis 1, while telescoping mechanism 62 drives support legs 63 upward and downward in height, supporting support legs 63 on lower track 7. The telescoping support devices at the four corners can be controlled individually, in groups, or simultaneously. By adjusting the telescoping amount at each corner, the height and level of the track surface can be adjusted after the vehicle track is docked.

[0032] Furthermore, a support pad 64 is provided at the bottom of the support leg 63, and the support pad 64 is located on the top of the lower track 7. The telescopic mechanism 62 adopts hydraulic support and contraction, spiral support and contraction, or cylinder support and contraction.

[0033] When the vehicle is stationary, before the railway loading and unloading flat car is coupled with the transport vehicle for cargo transfer, the movable transition rail 4 is required to connect the rails of the two vehicles fixed on the chassis 1, and the height difference and levelness of the rails are adjusted.

[0034] Movable transition rail 4 docking process:

[0035] Operate the power rod 510 to extend it, and the power rod 510 becomes longer and rotates itself, thereby pushing the main connecting rod 511 to rotate, driving the transition rail 4 to move and the slave connecting rod 512 to rotate, and the transition rail 4 extends, thereby realizing track docking.

[0036] The process of adjusting the rail surface height and levelness on railway loading and unloading flat cars:

[0037] 1) Activate the telescopic mechanisms 62 at the four corners so that their support pads 64 contact the lower rail 7;

[0038] 2) Place a level ruler on the two upper rails 2 fixed to the vehicle chassis 1. Based on the horizontal offset indicated by the level ruler, adjust the telescopic mechanism 62 for each angular position control leg 63 so that the horizontal planes of the two upper rails 2 remain level.

[0039] 3) According to the height difference of the track surface between the two vehicles, the telescopic mechanism 62 for controlling the extension and retraction of the four angular control legs 63 is adjusted simultaneously to make the track surface between the two vehicles have no height difference;

[0040] 4) After the cargo transfer is completed, the telescopic mechanism 62 for controlling the extension and retraction of the legs 63 at the four corners is adjusted simultaneously so that the legs 63 are retracted into place.

[0041] The present invention can quickly achieve track docking between a flat car and a transport vehicle with high track docking accuracy by optimizing the structural design of a drive component and a height adjustment component.

[0042] According to the description and drawings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can easily manufacture or use the railway loading and unloading flat car of the present invention, and can produce the positive effects described in the present invention.

[0043] Unless otherwise specified, in the present invention, if there are terms such as "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicating orientation or positional relationships, they are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the orientation or positional relationships in the present invention are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, they can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in conjunction with the drawings and according to specific circumstances.

[0044] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" in this disclosure should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediary, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this disclosure based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification or equivalent change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway loading and unloading flat car, comprising a chassis (1), an upper track (2), a bogie (3), and transition rails (4) arranged at the front and rear ends of the chassis (1), characterized in that: Both front and rear ends of the chassis (1) are provided with a driving assembly (5) movably connected to the transition rail (4), and the driving assembly (5) is used to drive the transition rail (4) to extend or retract outward, and the transition rail (4) in a fully extended state is connected with the upper rail (2) and is located on the same straight line; a height adjustment assembly (6) is provided on the chassis (1), and the height adjustment assembly (6) is used to adjust the track surface height of the transition rail (4) and the upper rail (2); The driving assembly (5) includes at least one group of connecting rod mechanisms (51) arranged on the outside of the transition rail (4) in the width direction, and each group of the connecting rod mechanisms (51) includes a power rod (510), a main connecting rod (511) and a slave connecting rod (512), the two ends of the main connecting rod (511) are respectively connected to the transition rail (4) and the base frame (1), and the two ends of the slave connecting rod (512) are respectively connected to the transition rail (4) and the base frame (1), and the main connecting rod (511) and the slave connecting rod (512) are arranged at intervals in the front and back direction along the extension direction of the transition rail (4); one end of the power rod (510) is connected to the middle part of the main connecting rod (511) in rotation, and the other end is connected to the base frame (1), and the power rod (510) is used to drive the main connecting rod (511) to rotate forward and backward along the extension direction of the upper rail (2); A set of height adjustment components (6) is correspondingly provided below each upper track (2) at the front and rear ends of the base frame (1); the height adjustment component (6) comprises a lifting beam (61), a telescopic mechanism (62) and a support leg (63) arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the lifting beam (61) is fixed to the bottom surface of the base frame (1), the telescopic mechanism (62) is used to drive the support leg (63) to rise and fall in the height direction, and the support leg (63) can be supported on the lower track (7).

2. The railway loading and unloading flat car according to claim 1, characterized in that: The link mechanisms (51) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transition rail (4) in the width direction.

3. The railway loading and unloading flat car according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power rod (510) is a hydraulic support rod or a cylinder support rod.

4. The railway loading and unloading flat car according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support pad (64) is provided at the bottom of the support leg (63), and the support pad (64) is located on the top of the lower track (7).

5. The railway loading and unloading flat car according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism (62) adopts hydraulic support contraction, spiral support contraction or cylinder support contraction.

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