A bulk cargo terminal loading system with large water level difference in mountainous area

Abstract

The present invention discloses a loading system for bulk cargo terminals in mountainous areas with large water level differences, comprising: a multifunctional unloading house, which forms an unloading platform with a port access road, and a buffer bin is connected directly below the multifunctional unloading house; a bulk material transport vehicle, which is used to transport the cargo to the terminal and convey it to the multifunctional unloading house; a telescopic chute device for an arm, which is a telescopic arm structure formed by a plurality of chutes nested with each other, and a channel is formed inside for the cargo to flow along the chute under the action of its own weight, and the top of the telescopic chute device for the arm is hinged and connected to the buffer bin; a winch system, which is used to drive the telescopic chute device for the arm to rotate to adjust the inclination angle of the arm; and a control system. The present invention makes full use of the characteristics of steep mountainous terrain and rivers with large water level differences, and has the advantages of low investment, high efficiency, and good environmental protection. It has subversive promotion and improvement on the loading process of bulk cargo terminals in mountainous areas with large water level differences, and is of great innovative value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of bulk cargo terminal design, and more specifically, to a bulk cargo terminal loading system with large water level difference in mountainous areas. Background Art

[0002] Under current technical conditions, it is difficult to build docks under the hydrogeological conditions of steep mountains and rivers with large water level differences. For most bulk cargo exports, the commonly used loading equipment is a mobile or swinging ship loader, which usually needs to be installed on a fixed platform above the high water level. Therefore, a high pile beam and slab structure or a high retaining wall structure is required to form the installation surface. For a water level drop of more than 20m in mountainous areas, the investment in using such hydraulic structures is very large, the technical difficulty is high, and the vertical drop is large, and dust is difficult to control. Therefore, most of these mountain docks currently use a slope dock form, and the ship loader is installed on a pontoon. As the water level rises and falls, the pontoon moves along the ramp. According to the different forms of ramp construction, it is divided into a straight overhead ramp and a curved solid ramp. If a straight overhead ramp is used, it can be connected to the rear through a belt conveyor system, but the belt conveyor system of this loading process is complex, the overhead ramp is expensive, and the slope of the ramp is limited by the inclination of the belt conveyor. The long length of the ramp affects the waterway. Therefore, the most widely used is the curved solid ramp wharf, that is, a ramp similar to a winding mountain road is built along the mountain to the riverside, and the bulk cargo is transported to the riverside by car for self-unloading, and then the grab crane on the pontoon grabs the materials to the ship's cabin for loading. This process has the characteristics of investment saving, but it is the most traditional and backward loading process. The materials are scattered on the riverside, the environmental protection is extremely poor, and the loading efficiency is very low, which urgently needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0003] One purpose of the present invention is to provide a loading system for bulk cargo terminals in mountainous areas with large water level differences, which fully utilizes the characteristics of steep mountainous terrain and rivers with large water level differences, solves the problems of poor environmental protection, high investment and low efficiency brought about by traditional processes, and has the advantages of low investment, high efficiency and good environmental protection. It has subversive promotion and improvement on the loading process of bulk cargo terminals in mountainous areas with large water level differences, and is of great innovative value.

[0004] In order to achieve these purposes and other advantages of the present invention, a bulk cargo terminal loading system with a large water level difference in mountainous area is provided, comprising: a multifunctional unloading house, which is installed on the mountain of the terminal and forms an unloading platform with the port access road, the multifunctional unloading house is provided with an airtight door and a pipeline facing the port access road, a dust removal system is also provided on the top of the multifunctional unloading house, a buffer bin is connected directly below the multifunctional unloading house, and an electric valve is provided at the bottom; a bulk material transport vehicle, which is used to transport the goods to the terminal through the port access road and transport the goods to the multifunctional unloading house through the airtight door or pipeline, and a boom telescopic chute device, which is a plurality of chutes nested in each other. A retractable boom structure is formed, and a channel is formed inside for the goods to flow along the chute under the action of their own weight. The top of the boom telescopic chute device is hinged and connected to the buffer bin, and the bottom is connected to the head telescopic chute device, and the discharge port of the head telescopic chute device is close to the landing point of the cabin; a winch system, the steel wire rope of which is respectively connected to several chutes, and the winch system is used to drive the boom telescopic chute device to rotate to adjust the inclination angle of the boom; a control system is installed on the side of the multi-functional unloading room facing the water, and the control system is used to control the opening and closing of the airtight door, the electric valve, the dust removal system, and the extension and retraction of the boom telescopic chute device and the action of the winch system.

[0005] Preferably, the boom telescopic chute device comprises: a boom, which comprises a plurality of tubular chutes which are nested in each other in the form of gradually decreasing diameters; a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, whose cylinder body is fixedly arranged on the outermost chute and the telescopic rod extends in the length direction of the boom, and at least one telescopic hydraulic cylinder is arranged; a cylinder lock, which is arranged at the ends of the chutes except the outermost chute, and the cylinder lock on each chute corresponds to the telescopic hydraulic cylinder one by one, and the cylinder lock is detachably connected to the end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder; a chute lock, which is arranged on the chutes except the innermost chute, and the chute lock can detachably lock the corresponding chute and the chute nested with it; a pulley block, which is arranged at the end of each chute section for connecting to the wire rope of the winch.

[0006] Preferably, the arm telescopic chute device also includes a slide groove and a roller row, and the slide groove is correspondingly arranged on the inner wall and outer wall of the mutually nested chute to form a pair, and a roller row is cooperated between the corresponding pair of slide grooves. During the telescopic action, the relative movement of the chute is limited by the cooperation of the roller row and the slide groove.

[0007] Preferably, an end plate with a through hole is provided at the end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder lock is provided with a cylinder pin driven by hydraulic pressure, and its telescopic direction is perpendicular to the movement direction of the through hole on the end plate, the chute lock is provided with a chute pin driven by hydraulic pressure, and a plurality of sockets are provided one by one on the inner and outer chute corresponding to the chute lock, and the telescopic direction of the chute pin is parallel to the central axis direction of the socket.

[0008] Preferably, the head telescopic chute device includes a head chute, which is an elastic telescopic structure. The top of the head chute is connected to the bottom of the arm telescopic chute device. The head chute is a tubular structure. The outer side of the bottom of the head chute is telescopic through the wire rope of the winch system to achieve retraction and expansion so that the discharge port of the head telescopic chute device is always close to the drop point of the cabin.

[0009] Preferably, the specific method for extending and retracting the arm telescopic chute device is: fixing the telescopic hydraulic cylinder to any cylinder lock, releasing the chute lock between the chute corresponding to any cylinder lock and the chute nested therewith, locking the remaining chute locks, and actuating the telescopic hydraulic cylinder to realize the extension and retraction between the chute corresponding to any cylinder lock and the chute nested therewith, and performing the telescopic action according to the set extension and retraction conditions between the chutes.

[0010] Preferably, the method for adjusting the tilt angle of the telescopic boom chute device is: locking all chute locks, adjusting the length of the winch wire rope corresponding to each chute section, and realizing the adjustment of the tilt angle of the telescopic boom chute device.

[0011] Preferably, the method for adjusting the length of the boom telescopic chute device is as follows: the boom telescopic chute device is maintained in an initial horizontal state, and the corresponding speed relationship between the telescopic hydraulic cylinder pushing speed and the rope output speed of each winch is obtained according to the extended length of the chute, the extended length of the wire rope corresponding to each chute section, the straight-line distance between the first chute section and the winch system, and the angle between the chute and the straight line connecting the first chute section and the winch system. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder pushing speed and the winch rope output speed are controlled according to this corresponding relationship to achieve synchronous control of the hydraulic cylinder and the winch, so that the inclination angle of the boom telescopic chute device remains basically unchanged during the entire telescopic process.

[0012] Preferably, the control method of the boom telescopic chute device during the actual construction process is as follows: first, all chutes are retracted to the shortest state and the boom is raised to a horizontal state, and the boom telescopic chute device is set to a set length based on monitoring of the actual construction environment, and the boom telescopic chute device is adjusted to the set length according to the method for adjusting the length of the above-mentioned boom telescopic chute device; secondly, the boom telescopic chute device is adjusted to a set inclination angle according to the method for adjusting the inclination angle of the above-mentioned boom telescopic chute device; thirdly, the loading construction of the cargo is started; finally, after the loading is completed, all chute locks and cylinder locks are released, and the wire rope is quickly retracted by the winch to complete the initial state in which all chutes are retracted to the shortest state and the boom is raised to a horizontal state.

[0013] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The present invention is a bulk cargo loading system suitable for rivers with large water level differences in steep high-slope mountainous areas. The system equipment fully utilizes the topographic and hydrological characteristics of steep slope mountainous areas and rivers with large water level differences. The process equipment is simple and the requirements for hydraulic structures are relatively low, thus significantly reducing the investment in the entire terminal. At the same time, it has the advantages of low investment, high efficiency and good environmental protection, bringing disruptive enhancement and improvement to the loading of bulk cargo terminals in mountainous areas with large water level differences, and is of great innovative value.

[0015] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic chute device of the arm support of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slideway and roller row of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the telescopic chute device of the arm support of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 The initial state of the telescopic chute device of the arm support of the present invention is telescopic. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 6 The telescopic state of the arm support telescopic chute device of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 7 The telescopic state of the arm support telescopic chute device of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0023] Figure 8 The telescopic state of the arm support telescopic chute device of the present invention Figure 4 ;

[0024] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the arm telescopic chute device of the present invention with all chutes extended to the maximum state;

[0025] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the arm telescopic chute device of the present invention with all chutes retracted to the minimum state;

[0026] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the first section of the telescopic chute device of the boom of the present invention when the chute is extended to the maximum state;

[0027] Fig.12It is a schematic diagram of the second section of the boom telescopic chute device of the present invention when it is extended to the maximum state;

[0028] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the third section of the boom telescopic chute device of the present invention when the chute is extended to the maximum state;

[0029] Fig.14 The initial state diagram when the present invention is designed at low water level;

[0030] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of a state in which the chute of the telescopic chute device of the arm support of the present invention is fully extended;

[0031] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the final state of the telescopic chute device of the arm support of the present invention after adjusting the tilt angle;

[0032] Fig.17 The operating state diagram when the present invention is designed at high water level.

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 1. Multifunctional unloading room, 2. Bulk material transport vehicle, 3. Airtight door, 4. Pipeline, 5. Dust removal system, 6. Buffer bin, 7. Control system, 8. Arm telescopic chute device, 801. Telescopic hydraulic cylinder, 802. Chute, 803. Cylinder lock, 804. Chute lock, 805. Roller row, 806. Pulley block, 807. Slide, 808. End plate, 809. Cylinder latch, 810. Chute latch, 811. Chute one, 812. Chute two, 813. Chute three, 814. Cylinder lock one, 815. Cylinder lock two, 816. Chute lock one, 817. Chute lock two, 9. Winch system, 10. Cabin, 11. Head telescopic chute device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0036] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified; in the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a bulk cargo terminal loading system in mountainous areas with a large water level difference, comprising: a multifunctional unloading house 1, which is installed on the mountain of the terminal and forms an unloading platform with the port access road, the multifunctional unloading house 1 is provided with an airtight door 3 and a pipeline 4 facing the port access road, the top of the multifunctional unloading house 1 is also provided with a dust removal system 5, and a buffer bin 6 is connected directly below the multifunctional unloading house 1, and an electric valve is provided at the bottom; a bulk material transport vehicle 2, which is used to transport the goods to the terminal through the port access road and transport the goods to the multifunctional unloading house 1 through the airtight door 3 or the pipeline 4, and an arm telescopic chute device 8, which is a telescopic arm structure formed by a plurality of chutes 802 nested with each other. A channel is formed inside for the cargo to flow along the chute 802 under the action of its own weight. The top of the boom telescopic chute device 8 is hingedly connected to the buffer bin 6, and the bottom is connected to the head telescopic chute device 11. The discharge port of the head telescopic chute device 11 is close to the drop point of the cabin 10; a winch system 9, the wire rope of which is connected to several sections of the chute 802 respectively, and the winch system 9 is used to drive the boom telescopic chute device 8 to rotate to adjust the inclination angle of the boom; a control system 7 is installed on the side of the multifunctional unloading room 1 facing the water, and the control system 7 is used to control the opening and closing of the airtight door 3, the electric valve, and the dust removal system 5, as well as the extension and retraction of the boom telescopic chute device 8 and the action of the winch system 9

[0038] In the above technical scheme, the multifunctional unloading house 1 is installed on the mountain near the port access road, forming an unloading platform with the port access road, and the elevation is above the designed high water level. The function is to form a relatively closed space above the unloading point to suppress dust. The multifunctional unloading house 1 has a dust removal system 5 and a valve interface of the powder pipeline 4 on the top. The dust removal system 5 is installed on the top of the unloading house to collect dust when unloading and loading. The airtight door 3 is installed on the side of the multifunctional unloading house 1 near the unloading platform, and has an automatic opening and closing system. After closing, the unloading house has good airtightness. When the bulk dump truck unloads, the opening and closing system opens the airtight door 3, which is convenient for the dump truck to directly dump the material into the multifunctional unloading house 1 and reach the buffer bin 6. When the powder special transport vehicle unloads, the airtight door 3 is closed to form a closed warehouse. The powder special transport vehicle docks with the pipeline 4, and the material is transported to the multifunctional unloading house 1 through the pipeline 4. The bulk material transport vehicle 2 transports the goods from the yard / warehouse / outside the port to the dock. The process system provided by the present invention can adapt to various bulk materials with low moisture content and good fluidity, such as sand and gravel, ore, mineral powder, coal, cement, and grain. Therefore, the bulk material transport vehicles 2 are divided into two categories according to the characteristics of the goods. The ordinary bulk cargo transport vehicle is a bulk cargo dump truck, and the powder material transport adopts a powder material special transport vehicle. The bottom discharge port of the buffer bin 6 is provided with an electric gate. Closing the electric gate can cache some materials in advance and wait for the ship to arrive at the port. The winch wire rope of the winch system 9 is connected to each section of the boom chute 802, driving the winch to pull the boom to rotate around the tail (i.e., the top) hinge point to adjust the inclination angle of the boom. When the ship is berthed, the boom needs to be raised to avoid collision with the ship; and different materials have different fluidity. According to the dynamic stacking angle of different materials, the boom is adjusted to a suitable inclination angle to ensure that the material can flow smoothly in the chute 802; during normal loading operations, the boom is kept stable by inclined wire ropes. The head telescopic chute device 11 is located at the head (i.e., the bottom) of the arm telescopic chute device 8, and its length is adjusted by a winch to ensure that the discharge port is always close to the material drop point of the cabin 10 during the entire loading process, and to control dust at the material drop point of the cabin 10. The operation control system 7 is located in the control room, which is installed in a place with a wide field of vision to facilitate observation of the cabin 10 and the entire operation of the loading system.

[0039] In another technical solution, Figures 2 to 5As shown, the boom telescopic chute device 8 comprises: a boom, which comprises a plurality of tubular chute sections 802 which are nested in a form of gradually decreasing diameters; a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801, whose cylinder body is fixedly arranged on the outermost chute 802 and whose telescopic rod extends in the length direction of the boom, wherein at least one telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801 is provided, and generally a pair is symmetrically provided; a cylinder lock 803, which is provided at the ends of the other chute 802 except the outermost chute 802, and each chute 801 is provided with a plurality of tubular chute sections 802 which are nested in a form of gradually decreasing diameters; a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801, whose cylinder body is fixedly arranged on the outermost chute 802 and whose telescopic rod extends in the length direction of the boom; and a pair of telescopic hydraulic cylinders 801 are provided. The cylinder lock 803 on 02 corresponds to the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801 one by one, and the cylinder lock 803 is detachably connected to the end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801; the chute lock 804 is provided on all chute 802 except the innermost chute 802, and the chute lock 804 detachably locks the corresponding chute 802 and the chute 802 nested therewith; the pulley group 806 is provided at the end of each chute 802 for connecting to the wire rope of the winch.

[0040] In the above technical solution, the end of the chute 802 refers to the end of another adjacent chute 802 that is smaller in diameter than the chute 802. The chute 802 device is a tubular structure of a certain length, and the cross-section can be circular, rectangular or polygonal. Several sections of chute 802 are nested with each other to form the main force-bearing structure of the telescopic arm, and the internal tubular space is the material flow channel. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801 is used to drive the telescopic movement of the chute 802 device. The cylinder lock 803 will lock the end plate 808 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801 with the chute lock 804 when starting; the chute lock 804 will lock the two adjacent chute sections 804 when starting. A pulley block 806 is set at the end of each section of the chute 802, and the winch is connected to all chutes 802 respectively through wire rope winding.

[0041] In another technical solution, Figure 3 As shown, the arm telescopic chute device 8 also includes a slide groove 807 and a roller row 805. The slide groove 807 is correspondingly arranged on the inner wall and the outer wall of the mutually nested chute 802 to form a pair. The roller row 805 is cooperated between the corresponding pair of slide grooves 807. During the telescopic action, the relative movement of the chute 802 is limited by the cooperation of the roller row 805 and the slide groove 807.

[0042] In the above technical solution, the roller row 805 plays a role in limiting the shaking of the chute 802 and preventing it from getting stuck during the telescopic movement of the chute 802. A slide groove 807 is processed on the inner wall and outer wall of two adjacent sections of the chute 802, and the roller row 805 is installed in the slide groove 807. During the telescopic movement, the rollers rotate to prevent the inner and outer walls of the two adjacent sections of the chute 802 from generating friction, and the telescopic movement is smoother.

[0043] In another technical solution, Figure 4As shown, an end plate 808 with a through hole is provided at the end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801, and the cylinder lock 803 is provided with a cylinder pin 809 driven by hydraulic pressure, and its telescopic direction is perpendicular to the movement direction of the through hole on the end plate 808. The chute lock 804 is provided with a chute pin 810 driven by hydraulic pressure, and multiple sockets are provided on the inner and outer chute 802 corresponding to the chute lock 804, and the telescopic direction of the chute pin 810 is parallel to the central axis direction of the socket.

[0044] In the above technical scheme, the cylinder lock 803 drives the cylinder pin 809 to telescopically move through a hydraulic device. When the through hole of the end plate 808 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801 moves to align with the cylinder pin 809, the hydraulic device of the cylinder lock 803 is started, and the cylinder pin 809 is pushed out to lock the end plate 808 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801 with the cylinder lock 803 on the chute 802; the chute lock 804 drives the chute pin 810 to telescopically move through a hydraulic device. When the socket on the inner chute 802 is aligned with the socket on the outer chute 802, the chute lock 804 is driven to extend the chute pin 810 to lock the inner and outer chute 804 so that no relative movement occurs.

[0045] In another technical solution, the head telescopic chute device 11 includes a head chute, which is an elastic telescopic structure. The top of the head chute is connected to the bottom of the arm telescopic chute device 8. The head chute is a tubular structure. The outer side of the bottom of the head chute is telescopic through the wire rope of the winch system 9 so that the discharge port of the head telescopic chute device 11 is always close to the drop point of the cabin.

[0046] In the above technical solution, the head telescopic chute device 11 is located at the head (i.e., the bottom) of the boom telescopic chute device 8. The head chute included in the head telescopic chute device 11 is an elastic structure, so that it can achieve compression and extension, and then telescopic adjustment of the length of the head telescopic chute device 11. Its length is adjusted by a winch, ensuring that the discharge port is always close to the drop point of the cabin 10 during the entire loading process, and controlling dust at the drop point of the cabin 10. The head telescopic chute device 11 can be set to be hinged with the boom telescopic chute device 8, so that the head telescopic chute device 11 is always vertically downward, and the wire rope of the winch system 9 can be fixed vertically downward to the outside of the bottom of the head chute along the height direction of the head telescopic chute device 11 by setting a fixed pulley, thereby achieving smooth extension and retraction of the head chute.

[0047] In another technical solution, Figures 5 to 8As shown, the specific method for extending and retracting the arm telescopic chute device 8 is: fix the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801 to any cylinder lock 803, release the chute lock 804 between the chute 802 corresponding to any cylinder lock 803 and the chute 802 nested therewith, and lock the remaining chute locks 804, and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801 is actuated to realize the extension and retraction between the chute 802 corresponding to any cylinder lock 803 and the chute 802 nested therewith, and perform the telescopic action according to the set extension and retraction situation between the chute 802.

[0048] In the above technical solution, the telescopic operation example of the chute 802 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, a chute 802 device consisting of three chute sections 802 is taken as an example, which are chute 1 811, chute 2 812, and chute 3 813 from outside to inside. Telescopic hydraulic cylinders 801 are installed on both sides of the outer wall of chute 1 811, and chute lock 2 817 is installed at the end. Chute lock 1 816 and cylinder lock 2 815 are installed at the end of chute 2 812, and cylinder lock 1 814 is installed at the end of chute 3 813. The initial state is as follows. Figure 5 As shown, the three-section slide 802 is in the extreme contraction state. Before extension is required, adjust the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801, align the through hole of the end plate 808 with the cylinder pin 809 of the cylinder lock 1 814, and then start the cylinder lock 1 814, and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801 is locked with the slide 3 813. The slide lock 1 816 is in the unlocked state, and the slide lock 2 817 is in the locked state. Figure 6 As shown, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801 is started to drive the slide tube 3 813 to extend and move to Figure 6 Position, start the slide lock 1 816, slide 2 812 and slide 3 813 are locked, and the cylinder lock 1 814 is closed, and the telescopic cylinder is unlocked. Figure 7 As shown, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801 is started and recovered to Figure 7 In the position shown, the oil cylinder lock 2 815 is started to lock the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801 and the slide 2 812, and the slide lock 2 817 is closed, and the slide 1 811 and the slide 2 812 are unlocked. Figure 8 As shown, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801 is started to drive the second slide 812 and the third slide 813 to extend and move together to Figure 8 Position, start the chute lock 2 817, and lock all three sections of the chute 802, thus completing the extension movement of the entire chute 802 device.

[0049] In another technical solution, Fig. 9 As shown, the method for adjusting the tilt angle of the telescopic boom chute device 8 is: lock all chute locks 804, adjust the length of the winch wire rope corresponding to each chute 802, and realize the adjustment of the tilt angle of the telescopic boom chute device 8.

[0050] In the above technical solution, if Fig. 9As shown, a movable pulley block 806 is set at the end of each telescopic chute 802, and the hoisting system 9 is connected to the movable pulley block 806 by a winch through a wire rope, so that the entire boom telescopic chute device 8 forms a multi-point inclined structure, which effectively avoids the structural design difficulties caused by the excessive length of the boom cantilever. This scheme takes four chutes 802 as an example, from right to left they are 1#, 2#, 3#, and 4# chutes 802. The figure shows that all chutes 802 are extended to the maximum state. At this time, the center distances between the corresponding movable pulley block 806 and the winch pulley block 806 are respectively L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 The winch system 9 provides pulling force when the dock is in working condition, so that the boom telescopic chute device 8 maintains a fixed inclination angle. Different materials have different fluidity. Before operation, the boom is adjusted to a suitable inclination angle according to the dynamic stacking angle of different materials to ensure that the materials can flow smoothly in the chute 802. At this time, it is necessary to lock all chute locks 804 and adjust the length of the wire rope to achieve the change of the inclination angle of the chute 802 device.

[0051] In another technical solution, Figures 10 to 13 As shown, the method for adjusting the length of the telescopic boom chute device 8 is: the telescopic boom chute device 8 is kept in an initial horizontal state, and the corresponding speed relationship between the pushing speed of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801 and the rope output speed of each winch is obtained according to the extended length of the chute 802, the extended length of the wire rope corresponding to each section of the chute 802, the straight-line distance between the first section of the chute 802 and the winch system 9, and the angle between the chute 802 and the straight line connecting the first section of the chute 802 and the winch system 9. The pushing speed of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801 and the rope output speed of each winch are controlled according to this corresponding relationship to achieve synchronous control of the hydraulic cylinder and the winch, so that the inclination angle of the telescopic boom chute device 8 remains basically unchanged during the entire telescopic process.

[0052] In the above technical solution, the length of the chute 802 should be adjusted according to the water level and the position of the ship before starting the operation. The extension and retraction adjustment of the chute 802 requires the simultaneous control of the winch to coordinate the retracting and releasing of the wire rope. The specific control method is as follows:

[0053] Fig.10 In the minimum contraction state shown in FIG. 1 , the lengths of the inclined wire ropes of each section of the chute 802 are approximately equal, so

[0054]

[0055] The chute 802 is extended in the order of 4#, 3#, 2#, and 1#. Fig.11As shown, after the first step of ejecting the 4# chute 802, the total length of the chute 802 is M 2 , the length of the 802 inclined wire rope of 4# slide tube is L 1 Stretch to L 1-2 , the length is

[0056]

[0057] The elongation length of the chute 802 is Δ M 2= M 2 - M 1 , elongation length of inclined wire rope:

[0058]

[0059] The ratio of the hydraulic cylinder extension speed to the winch rope release speed is:

[0060]

[0061] By controlling the hydraulic cylinder and the winch to move synchronously and controlling their speeds to satisfy the above relationship, the arm telescopic chute device 8 maintains a substantially unchanged inclination angle;

[0062] like Fig.12 As shown, after the 3# chute 802 is ejected in the second step, the total length of the chute 802 is, and the length of the inclined wire rope of the 4# chute 802 is L 1-2 Stretch to L 1-3 , the length of the 802 inclined wire rope of 3# slide is L 2 Stretch to L 2-2 , the extension length of the chute 802 is , then the elongation length of the inclined wire rope is:

[0063]

[0064] like Fig.13 As shown, after the third step of ejecting the 2# chute 802, the total length of the chute 802 is M 4 Similarly, the extension length of chute 802 is , then the elongation length of the inclined wire rope is:

[0065]

[0066] During the process of extending the chute 802 section by section, each step needs to control the hydraulic cylinder pushing speed and the winch rope output speed to meet the corresponding speed relationship, and the inclination angle of the boom telescopic chute 802 mechanism remains basically unchanged during the whole process; after the loading operation is completed, the chute 802 needs to be fully retracted and the boom raised, all chute locks 804 and cylinder locks 803 can be released, and the wire rope can be quickly retracted through the winch to complete the above actions.

[0067] In another technical solution, the control method of the boom telescopic chute device 8 during the actual construction process is as follows:

[0068] First, all chutes 802 are retracted to the shortest state and the boom is raised to the horizontal state. According to the monitoring of the actual construction environment, the boom telescopic chute device 8 is set to a set length, and the boom telescopic chute device 8 is adjusted to the set length according to the above-mentioned method for adjusting the length of the boom telescopic chute device 8;

[0069] Secondly, adjust the arm telescopic chute device 8 to the set inclination angle according to the above-mentioned method for adjusting the inclination angle of the arm telescopic chute device 8;

[0070] Again, the loading of goods begins;

[0071] Finally, after loading is completed, all chute locks 804 and cylinder locks 803 are released, and the wire rope is quickly retracted by the winch to complete the initial state of all chute 802 being retracted to the shortest state and the boom being raised to the horizontal state.

[0072] This application example takes a place in the Three Gorges Reservoir area in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as an example. The water level difference is 30m. A 4-section chute 802 is used. After all are ejected, the maximum length of the boom is 60m. The cargo is sand and gravel with a static accumulation angle of 35°. When loading, the inclination angle of the boom to the horizontal plane must be >35°. Therefore, a 40° inclination angle is adopted for loading in this example.

[0073] like Fig.14 The figure shows the state at the designed low water level: the berthing waters position of the vessel to be loaded and the telescopic length of the boom are determined according to the water level at that time. The figure shows the lowest designed water level, so the boom needs to be fully extended to the maximum length.

[0074] like Fig.15 As shown: the boom telescopic chute device 8 cooperates with the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 801, the chute lock 804, the cylinder lock 803 and other devices in accordance with the method for adjusting the length of the boom telescopic chute device 8 disclosed in this application, and the chute 802 is extended in sequence in the order of 4#, 3#, 2#, and 1#, and the final boom length reaches 60m. During the extension process, the winch wire rope is released synchronously, and the wire rope release speed and the chute 802 pushing speed are controlled according to the control method disclosed in this application.

[0075] like Fig.16 As shown: after the boom length is adjusted to the right position, lock all chute locks 804 and cylinder locks 803, continue to control the winch to release the wire rope to adjust the boom angle with the horizontal plane, stop when it reaches 40°, lock the winch and wire rope, and then adjust the length of the head telescopic chute 802 until the material drop port is close to the bottom of the cabin 10, open the airtight door 3 and the bottom electric valve of the buffer bin 6, and the dump truck starts self-unloading and loading operations. During the operation, the head telescopic chute 802 and the height of the material drop port are adjusted in real time according to the height of the bottom material of the cabin. After the entire cabin 10 is filled and the operation is completed, release the locks of all chute locks 804 and cylinder locks 803, quickly retract the wire rope, and retract the boom telescopic chute device 8 to Fig.14 In the state shown, close the airtight door 3 and the bottom electric valve of the buffer bin 6 to complete the entire operation.

[0076] The above operation process has explained that a series of preparations should be carried out before each loading operation. Several water level marking lines are set along the hillside. The water level at the time of operation can be determined according to the water level marking lines. The required length of the boom telescopic chute device 8 and the location of the cargo ship berthing water area during the loading operation are determined according to the water level. The above process is designed for low water level conditions. If it is designed for high water level conditions, the state during operation is as follows: Fig.17 As shown, it is still necessary to adjust the arm telescopic chute device 8 to a 40° angle with the horizontal plane, but the arm length can be kept in a limit shortened state. Similarly, when the water level is intermediate, the corresponding arm length should be determined according to the water level at that time.

[0077] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes, and they can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A bulk cargo terminal loading system with large water level difference in mountainous areas. It is characterized in that include: A multifunctional unloading house is installed on the mountain of the wharf and forms an unloading platform with the port access road. The multifunctional unloading house is provided with an airtight door and a pipeline facing the port access road. A dust removal system is also provided on the top of the multifunctional unloading house. A buffer bin is connected directly below the multifunctional unloading house, and an electric valve is provided at the bottom. Bulk material transport vehicles are used to transport goods to the dock via the port access road and transport the goods to the multi-functional unloading room through airtight doors or pipelines. The arm telescopic chute device is a telescopic arm structure formed by a plurality of mutually nested chutes, and a channel is formed inside for the cargo to flow along the chute under the action of its own weight. The top of the arm telescopic chute device is hingedly connected to the buffer bin, and the bottom is connected to the head telescopic chute device, and the discharge port of the head telescopic chute device is close to the material drop point of the cabin; A hoisting system, wherein the steel wire ropes of the hoisting machine are respectively connected to a plurality of chute sections, and the hoisting system is used to drive the boom telescopic chute device to rotate to adjust the boom inclination angle; A control system is installed on the side of the multifunctional unloading room facing the water, and is used to control the opening and closing of the airtight door, the electric valve, the dust removal system, and the extension and retraction of the boom telescopic chute device and the action of the winch system.

2. The bulk cargo terminal loading system with large water level difference in mountainous area as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The arm telescopic chute device comprises: The boom comprises a plurality of tubular chutes which are nested with each other in a form of gradually decreasing diameters; A telescopic hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder body of which is fixedly arranged on the outermost chute and the telescopic rod extends in the length direction of the boom, and at least one telescopic hydraulic cylinder is provided; Cylinder locks are provided at the ends of all chute tubes except the outermost chute, and the cylinder locks on each chute correspond to the telescopic hydraulic cylinders one by one, and the cylinder locks are detachably connected to the ends of the telescopic hydraulic cylinders; A chute lock, which is provided on all chutes except the innermost chute, and the chute lock detachably locks the chute corresponding to it and the chute nested therewith; A pulley block is provided at the end of each chute section and is used to connect with the wire rope of the winch.

3. The bulk cargo terminal loading system with large water level difference in mountainous area as claimed in claim 2, It is characterized in that The arm telescopic chute device also includes a slide groove and a roller row. The slide groove is correspondingly arranged on the inner wall and outer wall of the mutually nested chute to form a pair. A roller row is arranged between the corresponding pair of slide grooves. During the telescopic action, the relative movement of the chute is limited by the cooperation of the roller row and the slide groove.

4. The bulk cargo terminal loading system at a mountainous area with a large water level difference as claimed in claim 2, It is characterized in that An end plate with a through hole is provided at the end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder, and the cylinder lock is provided with a cylinder pin driven by hydraulic pressure, and its telescopic direction is perpendicular to the movement direction of the through hole on the end plate. The chute lock is provided with a chute pin driven by hydraulic pressure, and multiple sockets are provided on the inner and outer chute corresponding to the chute lock, and the telescopic direction of the chute pin is parallel to the central axis direction of the socket.

5. The bulk cargo terminal loading system at a mountainous area with a large water level difference as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The head telescopic chute device includes a head chute, which is an elastic telescopic structure. The top of the head chute is connected to the bottom of the arm telescopic chute device. The head chute is a tubular structure. The outer side of the bottom of the head chute is telescopic through the wire rope of the winch system to achieve retraction and expansion so that the discharge port of the head telescopic chute device is always close to the drop point of the cabin.

6. The bulk cargo terminal loading system at a mountainous area with a large water level difference as claimed in claim 2, It is characterized in that The specific method for extending and retracting the arm telescopic chute device is: fixing the telescopic hydraulic cylinder to any cylinder lock, releasing the chute lock between the chute corresponding to any cylinder lock and the chute nested therewith, locking the remaining chute locks, and actuating the telescopic hydraulic cylinder to realize the extension and retraction between the chute corresponding to any cylinder lock and the chute nested therewith, and performing the telescopic action according to the set extension and retraction conditions between the chutes according to the above method.

7. The bulk cargo terminal loading system at a mountainous area with a large water level difference as claimed in claim 2, It is characterized in that The method for adjusting the tilt angle of the telescopic chute device of the boom is: lock all the chute locks, adjust the length of the winch wire rope corresponding to each chute section, and realize the adjustment of the tilt angle of the telescopic chute device of the boom.

8. The bulk cargo terminal loading system at a mountainous area with a large water level difference as claimed in claim 7, It is characterized in that The method for adjusting the length of the boom telescopic chute device is as follows: the boom telescopic chute device is kept in an initial horizontal state, and the corresponding speed relationship between the telescopic hydraulic cylinder pushing speed and the rope output speed of each winch is obtained according to the extended length of the chute, the extended length of the wire rope corresponding to each chute section, the straight-line distance between the first chute section and the winch system, and the angle between the chute and the straight line connecting the first chute section and the winch system. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder pushing speed and the winch rope output speed are controlled according to this corresponding relationship to achieve synchronous control of the hydraulic cylinder and the winch, so that the inclination angle of the boom telescopic chute device remains basically unchanged during the entire telescopic process.

9. The bulk cargo terminal loading system at a mountainous area with a large water level difference as claimed in claim 8, It is characterized in that The control method of the boom telescopic chute device during the actual construction process is as follows: First, all chutes are retracted to the shortest state and the boom is raised to a horizontal state. According to the actual construction environment monitored, the boom telescopic chute device is set to a set length. The boom telescopic chute device is adjusted to a set length according to the above method for adjusting the length of the boom telescopic chute device; Secondly, the arm support telescopic chute device is adjusted to a set inclination angle according to the above-mentioned method for adjusting the inclination angle of the arm support telescopic chute device; Again, the loading of goods begins; Finally, after loading is completed, all chute locks and cylinder locks are released, and the wire rope is quickly retracted through the winch, so that all chute are retracted to the shortest state and the boom is raised to the initial horizontal state.

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