Tower crane attachment device suitable for H-shaped steel column and construction process thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a tower crane attachment device connected with an H-shaped steel column and belongs to the technical field of building construction. The device is assembled through a connecting end, a left guard piece, a right guard piece and a back cover plate. In normal working conditions, the H-shaped steel and the channel steel in the connecting end are tightly connected through high-strength bolts and do not move mutually, the tower crane attachment load is transmitted through the lug plate through the connecting end, and then vibration reduction and impact resistance are realized through the high-damping rubber layer between the attachment device and the H-shaped steel column. In extreme working conditions such as hurricanes or earthquakes, when the load transmitted by the tower crane exceeds the design load, the friction between the H-shaped steel and the channel steel in the connecting end is overcome and mutual sliding occurs, the friction material between the two can reduce the input energy of the hurricane or the earthquake through friction energy dissipation in the process, and the vibration reduction effect of the high-damping rubber layer is supplemented, so that the attachment device can effectively improve the safety and reliability of the tower crane and the main structure in extreme working conditions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a tower crane attachment device connected with an H-shaped steel column and a construction process thereof, and belongs to the technical field of building construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] The tower crane is a kind of hoisting equipment most commonly used in the building construction process, also called a tower crane, and is mainly used for hoisting and unloading construction raw materials such as steel bars, concrete and steel pipes. With the continuous increase of the construction height, when the tower crane exceeds a certain height, a pull rod needs to be arranged to connect the tower crane and the main structure, so as to ensure the overall stability and safety of the tower crane.

[0003] For a reinforced concrete structure, the pull rod is generally connected with the main structure through a pre-embedded part embedded in a reinforced concrete shear wall or a reinforced concrete column to realize the tower crane attachment. However, in a steel structure, the wall mainly plays a filling and partitioning role and is not a main force member, so it is generally difficult to meet the bearing capacity requirement of the tower crane attachment, and thus the tower crane attachment pull rod in the steel structure construction can only be connected with the steel column. At present, the method commonly used is to weld an ear plate on the steel structure bearing column, and then connect the pull rod with the main structure through the ear plate. After the construction is completed, in order not to affect the building facade and subsequent decoration construction, the ear plate usually needs to be cut off. The on-site welding and cutting of the ear plate not only increases the construction cost but also easily causes structural damage to the steel column and thus affects the actual bearing capacity of the steel column. In addition, from the force transmission effect, the load transmitted to the steel column by the welded ear plate is similar to a concentrated load. For the H-shaped steel column often used in the steel structure, since the support and constraint effect of the web on the flange is weak and the influence of the tower crane attachment load is usually not considered in the component design, when the tower crane attachment pull rod is directly connected with the H-shaped steel column through the ear plate, the bearing flange may have a local instability risk. SUMMARY

[0004] The application proposes a detachable and assembled tower crane attachment device with a reinforcing and protecting function to solve the problem that the tower crane attachment may cause a local instability risk of the H-shaped steel column and the welding and cutting of the ear plate may cause structural damage to the H-shaped steel column and thus affect the bearing capacity of the H-shaped steel column.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the application provides the following scheme.

[0006] A tower crane attachment device suitable for an H-shaped steel column, which is special in that the tower crane attachment device is assembled by a connecting end head 1, a left guard 2, a right guard 3 and a rear cover plate 4.

[0007] The connecting end 1 comprises a front cover plate 6 with a plurality of first long circular holes 5 on both sides in the vertical direction, two first channel steels 8 with a plurality of standard holes 7, an H-shaped steel 9 with a plurality of second long circular holes 22, a connecting plate 10 and two ear plates 12 with pin hole 11, the side of the front cover plate 6 close to the H-shaped steel column is covered with a first high-damping rubber layer 16, a friction material layer 17 is arranged between the H-shaped steel 9 and the first channel steel 8, the front cover plate 6 and the two first channel steels 8 are centered and welded into one body, a gap is left between the webs of the two first channel steels 8, the gap value is the thickness of the web of the H-shaped steel 9 plus the total thickness of the friction material layers 17 on both sides of the web, the H-shaped steel 9, the connecting plate 10 and the two ear plates 12 are centered and welded, the H-shaped steel 9 is inserted between the two first channel steels 8, and after fastening by bolts, the H-shaped steel 9, the friction material layer 17 and the first channel steel 8 are tightly attached;

[0008] The left guard 2 and the right guard 3 are the same in structure and each comprises a second channel steel 13 and a third channel steel 14, the second channel steel 13 is wrapped with a high-damping rubber layer 18 and is provided with a positioning clamping groove 15, the flange of the third channel steel 14 is provided with a first standard circular hole 19, and the second channel steel 13 and the third channel steel 14 are centered and welded into one body;

[0009] The rear cover plate 4 is made of a steel plate provided with a plurality of standard holes and is wrapped with a third high-damping rubber layer 20 on one side.

[0010] Preferably, the flanges and webs of the first channel steels 8 are each provided with a second standard circular hole 21, the second long circular holes 22 are arranged on the flanges and webs of the H-shaped steel 9, and the friction material layer 17 is wrapped on both sides of the web and the inner side of the flange;

[0011] Preferably, the H-shaped steel is a hot-rolled finished product directly purchased or is formed by welding three steel plates, the size of the two first channel steels 8 is determined according to the size of the web and flange of the H-shaped steel 9 and considering the thickness of the friction material layer 17, and the two first channel steels 8 are made by bending the steel plate by a bending machine, and the size error is controlled within 0 to-0.5 mm, so as to ensure that the two first channel steels 8 can be smoothly inserted between the H-shaped steel 9 wrapped with the friction material layer 17 and tightly attached to the flange and web of the H-shaped steel 9.

[0012] Preferably, the positioning clamping groove 15 on the left guard 2 is arranged at the upper position of the second channel steel 13, and the positioning clamping groove 15 on the right guard 3 is arranged at the lower position of the third channel steel 14.

[0013] The construction process of the tower crane attachment device suitable for the H-shaped steel column comprises the following steps:

[0014] 1. Firstly, two positioning clamps 25 are misaligned and welded on both sides of the web of the H-shaped steel column according to the positions of the positioning clamping grooves 15 on the second channel steels 13 of the left guard 2 and the right guard 3;

[0015] 2. The left guard 2, the right guard 3, the rear cover plate 4 and the connecting end head 1 are positioned by high-strength bolts and the H-shaped steel column, and after the positioning of each part is completed, the nuts are tightened according to the specification requirements, so that each part is reliably connected and closely attached to the H-shaped steel column;

[0016] 3. The tower crane attachment rod 23 is positioned and connected with the pin hole in the ear plate 12 on the connecting end head 1 through the pin shaft 24, and finally the construction of the tower crane attachment system is completed.

[0017] The tower crane attachment device suitable for the H-shaped steel column has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The attachment device can be completely removed after construction, without causing construction damage to the H-shaped steel column, and without affecting the subsequent wall building and indoor and outdoor decoration.

[0019] (2) The attachment device not only reliably connects the tower crane attachment rod and the H-shaped steel column, but also comprehensively reinforces and protects the H-shaped steel column in the tower crane attachment area, thereby helping to eliminate the local instability risk of the H-shaped steel column due to the tower crane attachment.

[0020] (3) The attachment device can be adjusted in the length direction and the height direction, reducing the requirements for the processing precision and installation precision of the parts, and facilitating construction. The H-shaped steel in the connecting end head has a long circular hole, which not only provides a stroke space for the mutual movement and frictional energy dissipation of the H-shaped steel and the upper and lower channel steel, but also allows lengthwise adjustment when the tower crane attachment rod is connected to the attachment device. The front cover plate in the connecting end head also has a long circular hole, which can be used to adjust the height of the connecting end head after the left and right guards are positioned and assembled with the H-shaped steel column through the positioning card.

[0021] (4) The attachment device helps to improve the working comfort under normal working conditions and improves the safety and reliability of the main structure and the tower crane under extreme conditions: the high-damping rubber between the parts of the attachment device and the H-shaped steel column can reduce the vibration and impact effect caused by wind load and lifting load under normal working conditions, protecting the H-shaped steel column and helping to improve the working comfort of the tower crane operator; the friction material between the H-shaped steel and the channel steel in the connecting end head has the function of energy dissipation and vibration reduction after being pre-tightened by high-strength bolts, and in the case of extreme conditions such as hurricanes or earthquakes, the friction material between the H-shaped steel and the channel steel 1 can dissipate hurricane or earthquake energy through mutual friction, thereby helping to improve the safety and reliability of the main structure and the tower crane under extreme conditions.

[0022] (5) All parts of the attachment device are made of ordinary building materials, which has the advantages of easy implementation and low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a tower crane attachment device applicable to an H-shaped steel column according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 1-1 schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the connection end;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 1-1 schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the front cover and the two first steel channels;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of H-shaped steel, connecting plate and ear plate;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the left guard;

[0030] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the second and third channel steels of the left guard;

[0031] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the right guard;

[0032] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the second and third channel steels of the right guard;

[0033] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the connection terminal, left guard, right guard, and rear cover. Implementation Method

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0035] A tower crane attachment device suitable for H-shaped steel columns in this embodiment: Figure 1 To the attached Figure 10 , you can follow these steps:

[0036] The first step is to manufacture the connection end, as shown in the attached Figures 3-6As shown. A front cover plate 6 (1), first channel steel 8 (2), H-shaped steel 9 (1), connecting plate 10 (1), and ear plates 12 (2) are manufactured. The front cover plate 6 has oblong bolt holes on both sides, the first channel steel 8 has standard round holes on its flange and web, the H-shaped steel 9 has oblong bolt holes on its flange and web, and a friction material layer 17 (copper sheet or brake pad, etc.) is adhered to both sides of the web and the inside of the flange. The ear plates 12 have pin holes. The H-shaped steel 9 can be purchased as a hot-rolled finished product. If the size requirements are not met, it can be welded together from three steel plates. The specific dimensions of the first channel steel 8 must be determined based on the dimensions of the web and flange of the H-shaped steel 9 and take into account the thickness of the friction material layer. It can be manufactured by bending the steel plate using a press brake. The dimensional error should be controlled within 0 to -0.5 mm to ensure that the first channel steel 8 can be smoothly embedded and tightly fit with the flange and web of the H-shaped steel 9 adhered with the friction material layer. During assembly, first, the front cover plate 6 and the two first channel steels 8 are welded together in alignment, wherein a gap needs to be left between the webs of the two first channel steels 8, and the gap value is the thickness of the web of the H-shaped steel 9 plus the total thickness of the friction material layer 17 on both sides of the web; then, the H-shaped steel 9, the connecting plate 10 and the two ear plates 12 are welded in alignment, and the friction material layer is adhered to the inner side of the flange of the H-shaped steel 9 and both sides of the web; finally, the H-shaped steel 9 is inserted into the two first channel steels 8, positioned with high-strength bolts, and the nuts are tightened and pre-tightened according to the specifications, so that the H-shaped steel 9, the friction material layer and the first channel steel 8 fit tightly to form the required connection end.

[0037] The second step is to manufacture the left and right guards, as shown in the attached Figures 7-10 As shown. The specific dimensions of the second channel steel 13 and the third channel steel 14 are determined according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the H-shaped steel column to which they are attached. It should be ensured that the second channel steel 13 and the third channel steel 14 can fit tightly with the H-shaped steel column to which they are attached after being combined and coated with high-damping rubber. First, the steel plates are bent using a bending machine to produce two second channel steels 13 and two third channel steels 14, and positioning slots 15 are respectively opened at the upper and lower positions of the two second channel steels 13; then, the second channel steel 13 and the third channel steel 14 are welded together in the center; finally, a high-damping rubber layer is coated on the web and flange of the second channel steel 13 to form one guard on each side.

[0038] The third step is to assemble the attachment device and the H-shaped steel column. Figure 1 、 11 As shown. A front cover plate 6 is made with standard round holes on both sides and a high-damping rubber layer is adhered to the side close to the flange of the H-shaped steel 9. During assembly, first, two positioning clips 25 are staggered and welded on both sides of the H-shaped steel column web according to the position of the positioning slots 15 on the second channel steel 13 in the left and right guards (if the positioning clips are welded at the same position on both sides of the web, it is easy to burn through the H-shaped steel column web and thus affect its load-bearing capacity); then the left and right guards, the rear cover plate 4 and the connecting end are positioned with the H-shaped steel column using high-strength bolts, as shown in the attached figure.Figure 1 As shown, after each component is positioned, the nut is tightened according to the specification requirements, so that each component is reliably connected and closely adheres to the H-shaped steel column.

[0039] In the fourth step, the tower crane attachment rod is connected with the attachment device, the tower crane attachment rod is positioned and connected with the pin hole in the lug plate on the connecting end head through the pin shaft 24, and finally the tower crane attachment system construction is completed, as shown in the attached Figure 1 figure.

[0040] According to the tower crane model to be adopted, the attachment point height, and the wind load design value of the construction region, the total design load of the tower crane attachment rod transmitted to the H-shaped steel column is determined, according to the total design load, the performance grade and diameter of the high-strength bolt to be adopted, the number and arrangement of the bolts in each part of the attachment device are determined through bearing capacity calculation.

[0041] The technical innovation points of the present application are:

[0042] (1) The frictional sliding force design value between the H-shaped steel and the two first channel steels in the connecting end head cannot be too small, and should be determined according to the maximum design load transmitted by the tower crane attachment rod, so as to ensure that the components in the connecting end head do not slide relative to each other and reliably transmit force under normal working conditions; the frictional sliding force design value between the H-shaped steel and the two first channel steels cannot be too large, and the maximum should not exceed 1.2 times the maximum design load under normal working conditions, so as to prevent the H-shaped steel and the two first channel steels from being unable to smoothly slide under extreme working conditions, thereby affecting the full play of the energy dissipation and vibration reduction function of the connecting end head.

[0043] (2) On the premise that the main body structure H-shaped steel column cannot be damaged before the attachment device, the high-strength bolts between the front and rear cover plates and the left and right guards should be designed according to 1.5-2.0 times the maximum design load under normal working conditions, so as to ensure that the connecting bolts between the front and rear cover plates and the left and right guards can be damaged first under extreme working conditions if the tower crane attachment load is too large, preventing the H-shaped steel column from being damaged and affecting the safety of the overall structure.

Claims

1. A tower crane attachment device suitable for H-shaped steel columns, characterized in that It is assembled by connecting the end, left guard, right guard and rear cover; The connecting end comprises a front cover plate with a plurality of first oblong holes on both sides in a vertical direction, two first channel steels with a plurality of standard holes, an H-shaped steel with a plurality of second oblong holes, a connecting plate and two ear plates with pin holes, a first high-damping rubber layer is adhered to the side of the front cover plate close to the H-shaped steel column, a friction material layer is provided between the H-shaped steel and the first channel steel, the front cover plate and the two first channel steels are welded together in a center, wherein a gap is left between the two first channel steel webs, and the gap value is the thickness of the H-shaped steel web plus the total thickness of the friction material layer on both sides of the web, the H-shaped steel, the connecting plate and the two ear plates are welded in a center, the H-shaped steel is inserted between the two first channel steels, and after being fastened with bolts, the H-shaped steel, the friction material layer and the first channel steel are tightly fitted; The left and right guards have the same structure, both comprising a second channel steel and a third channel steel, wherein the second channel steel is provided with a positioning slot and wrapped with a high-damping rubber layer, and the flange of the third channel steel is provided with a first standard circular hole, and the second channel steel and the third channel steel are centrally welded to form a whole; The flange and web of the first channel steel are both provided with a second standard circular hole, the second oblong hole is provided on the flange and web of the H-shaped steel, and the friction material layer is adhered to both sides of the web and the inner side of the flange; The positioning slot on the left guard is arranged at the upper position of the second steel slot, and the positioning slot on the right guard is arranged at the lower position of the third steel slot.

2. A tower crane attachment device suitable for H-shaped steel columns according to claim 1, characterized in that The rear cover is made of a steel plate with a plurality of standard holes and a third high damping rubber layer adhered on one side.

3. A tower crane attachment device suitable for H-shaped steel columns according to claim 1, characterized in that The H-shaped steel is a hot-rolled finished product purchased directly, or is formed by welding three steel plates. The sizes of the two first channel steels are determined according to the sizes of the H-shaped steel web and flange and taking into account the thickness of the friction material layer 17. The two first channel steels are made by bending steel plates with a bending machine, and the dimensional error is controlled within 0 to -0.5 mm to ensure that the two first channel steels can be smoothly embedded and tightly fit with the H-shaped steel flange and web covered with the friction material layer.

4. A construction process for a tower crane attachment device suitable for an H-shaped steel column according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps: 1) First, according to the position of the positioning slots on the second channel steel in the left and right guards, two positioning clips are staggered and welded on both sides of the H-shaped steel column web; 2) Position the left guard, right guard, rear cover, and connection end with the H-shaped steel column using high-strength bolts. After positioning each component, tighten the nuts according to specifications to ensure that each component is reliably connected and fits tightly against the H-shaped steel column. 3) Position and connect the tower crane attachment rod and the pin hole on the middle ear plate of the connecting end through the pin shaft to finally complete the construction of the tower crane attachment system.

Images