Railway engineering design open cut lining structure and construction method

Abstract

The application relates to the field of open cut tunnel engineering, in particular to a railway engineering design open cut tunnel lining structure and a construction method, which comprises an advanced support assembly, a post-poured belt concrete body and a splicing assembly; the advanced support assembly is arranged on a rock-soil body and is used for being connected with a tunnel; the post-poured belt concrete body is post-poured on the advanced support assembly and the splicing assembly; the splicing assembly comprises a inverted arch arranged on the ground, two bottom splicing pieces arranged on two sides of the inverted arch and a top arch piece arranged on the two bottom splicing pieces. The application has the effect of improving the convenience of open cut tunnel construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel engineering, and in particular to a design and construction method for tunnel lining structures in railway engineering. Background Technology

[0002] A cut-and-cover tunnel is a type of tunnel constructed using the open-cut method, and its lining is typically made of poured concrete.

[0003] In related technologies, the foundation of the open tunnel is excavated simultaneously with the excavation of the slope at the tunnel entrance. The bearing capacity of the foundation is then tested, and an invert arch is installed on the foundation. Afterwards, the inner formwork is assembled using a lining trolley, and the outer formwork is assembled using wooden molds. The main construction of the open tunnel lining structure is achieved through concrete pumping. Finally, the formwork is removed, and the waterproofing layer, drainage ditches, and asphalt pavement are constructed.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that due to the large volume and long pouring cycle of open-cut tunnels, controlling the vibration time and location during concrete pumping using vibratory rollers is difficult. Short vibration times result in insufficient contact between the concrete and the reinforcing steel truss, leading to numerous honeycomb and pitted surfaces; long vibration times cause segregation between the mortar and aggregate in the concrete, resulting in aggregate settling. Therefore, precise time control is challenging. Furthermore, multiple intermittent concrete pours lead to unstable connections between different batches of concrete. Consequently, current construction methods for open-cut tunnels often employ a single-stage pouring. However, single-stage pouring is time-consuming, often requiring continuous day and night construction, resulting in high construction pressure. Therefore, the convenience of open-cut tunnel construction needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the convenience of tunnel construction, this application provides a design and construction method for tunnel lining structures in railway engineering.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a railway engineering design for a tunnel lining structure, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A railway engineering design for a tunnel lining structure includes an advanced support component, a post-cast concrete strip, and a splicing component;

[0008] The advanced support assembly is installed on the rock and soil mass and is used to connect with the tunnel;

[0009] The post-cast strip concrete is subsequently poured onto the advanced support components and splicing components;

[0010] The splicing assembly includes an inverted arch set on the ground, two bottom splices set on both sides of the inverted arch, and a top arch set on the two bottom splices;

[0011] The inverted arch has multiple insert blocks integrally formed at equal intervals on both sides along its length direction.

[0012] The bottom assembly includes a first bottom arc plate, a plurality of third bottom arc plates, and a second bottom arc plate, which are sequentially inserted into a plurality of insertion blocks; and the first bottom arc plate, the plurality of third bottom arc plates, and the second bottom arc plate are sequentially connected to each other;

[0013] The top arch component includes a first top arch, a second top arch, and multiple third top arches; the two ends of the first top arch are connected to two first bottom arc plates on both sides of the inverted arch, the two ends of the second top arch are connected to two second bottom arc plates on both sides of the inverted arch, and the two ends of the third top arch are connected to two third bottom arc plates at both ends of the inverted arch.

[0014] The post-cast concrete strip is respectively connected to the second bottom arc plate, the second top arch, and the invert arch.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when constructing the lining structure of the open-cut tunnel, the first step is to build an advanced support assembly on the soil and rock mass to facilitate connection with the tunnel. Then, the invert arch is poured, and the first, second, and third bottom arch plates are spliced ​​on both sides of the invert arch. Next, the first, second, and third top arches are spliced. Finally, the post-cast concrete strip is poured to connect the entire splicing assembly and the advanced support assembly, thus completing the construction of the open-cut tunnel lining structure.

[0016] In this process, the entire splicing assembly requires no concrete pouring, while the post-cast strip concrete and the advanced support assembly require only a small amount of concrete pouring, effectively avoiding the problem of controlling the vibration time. At the same time, the splicing method allows for control of the construction time at any time, enabling construction to be carried out and stopped at any time according to the construction situation, which can effectively improve the convenience of open-cut tunnel construction.

[0017] Optionally, a first connecting recess is provided on the side of the first bottom arc plate that is close to the third bottom arc plate and away from the inverted arch.

[0018] The third bottom arc plate has a first splicing block integrally formed on one end near the first bottom arc plate and on the side away from the inverted arch, and a second connecting recess is provided on the other end;

[0019] The second bottom arc plate has a second splicing block integrally formed on the side of the second bottom arc plate that is close to the third bottom arc plate and away from the inverted arch;

[0020] The first splicing block of the third bottom arc plate is connected to the first connecting recess of the first bottom arc plate; the second connecting recess of the third bottom arc plate is connected to the first splicing block of the adjacent third bottom arc plate; the second splicing block of the second bottom arc plate is connected to the second connecting recess of the adjacent third bottom arc plate.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, and through the staggered splicing of the first bottom arc plate, the second bottom arc plate, and multiple third bottom arc plates, the connectivity between adjacent bottom arc plates can be effectively improved, thereby enhancing the stability of the connection between them. Simultaneously, when the corresponding top arch abuts against the corresponding bottom arc plate, it can also abut against the corresponding first or second splicing block, thereby pressing against adjacent bottom arc plates and further improving the stability of the abutment.

[0022] Optionally, a plurality of first connecting steel bars are provided at the end of the second bottom arc plate away from the third bottom arc plate; the second bottom arc plate is connected by the plurality of first connecting steel bars and the post-cast concrete.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection between the third bottom arc plate and the post-cast strip concrete can be improved by pouring and connecting multiple first connecting steel bars with the post-cast strip concrete.

[0024] Optionally, the first bottom arc plate, the second bottom arc plate, and the plurality of third bottom arc plates are provided with limiting grooves on the side away from the invert arch, and the limiting grooves are located on the side away from the middle of the invert arch;

[0025] Both ends of the first arch are provided with a first limiting part, which abuts against the limiting groove; both ends of the second arch are provided with a second limiting part, which abuts against the limiting groove; both ends of the third arch are provided with a third limiting part, which abuts against the limiting groove.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, a limiting groove is opened on the bottom arc plate, and a limiting part is set on the top arch. The limiting part can abut against the limiting groove, and then the corresponding top arch and bottom arc plate are abutted under the action of gravity, thereby realizing the splicing.

[0027] Optionally, a plurality of second connecting steel bars are provided on the side of the second arch away from the third arch, and the second arch is connected by the plurality of second connecting steel bars and the post-cast concrete.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection between the second arch and the post-cast strip concrete can be improved by pouring and connecting multiple second connecting steel bars with the post-cast strip concrete.

[0029] Optionally, multiple concrete piles are also inserted at the bottom of the invert arch, with the multiple concrete piles arranged at equal horizontal and vertical intervals, and the invert arch and the multiple concrete piles are connected.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution and setting multiple concrete piles on the ground, the structural strength of the ground can be improved. Then, by setting the invert arch on multiple concrete piles, the stability of the invert arch connected to the ground can be effectively improved, thereby reducing the possibility of displacement of the invert arch on the ground.

[0031] Optionally, the splicing assembly also includes multiple reinforcing members, each of which is used to connect two adjacent arches.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple arches can be fixed after being spliced ​​together. Further enhancing the stability of the connection between the multiple arches by incorporating reinforcing and stabilizing components can improve the overall stability of the connection.

[0033] Optionally, the advanced support component includes multiple pipe roofs installed in the rock and soil mass, connectors installed on the multiple pipe roofs, and concrete poured on the connectors.

[0034] Multiple pipes extend from the concrete body and are connected to the post-cast strip concrete body by casting, and the concrete body is arched.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple pipe roofs are used to connect with the soil and rock mass. Grouting can also be performed inside the pipe roofs to improve the stability of the connection with the soil and rock mass. Connectors are used to enhance the structural strength of the poured concrete, which, as part of the open-cut tunnel, can be connected to the post-cast concrete strip.

[0036] Optionally, the width of the post-cast strip concrete is selected to be 0.5-1m.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, the function of the post-cast strip concrete is only to connect the entire advanced support component and the entire splicing component. Setting it between 0.5-1m facilitates the placement of the steel truss without requiring excessive concrete pouring.

[0038] Secondly, this application provides a method for constructing linings for open-cut tunnels in railway engineering, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0039] A construction method for the lining structure of a railway tunnel includes the following steps:

[0040] S1: Prefabricate the top arch and two bottom components that conform to the design dimensions;

[0041] The bottom assembly includes a first bottom arc plate, a second bottom arc plate, and multiple third bottom arc plates; the top arch assembly includes a first top arch, a second top arch, and multiple third top arches.

[0042] S2: Measure and set out the rock and soil at the tunnel exit and open the vertical plane;

[0043] S3: Insert multiple pipe roofs into the rock and soil at the tunnel exit and grout them. Then fix the connectors on the multiple pipe roofs and pour concrete to form a concrete body.

[0044] S4: Drive multiple concrete piles into the ground and pour an inverted arch on the multiple concrete piles;

[0045] S5: Two bottom components are assembled on both sides of the top arch using a crane;

[0046] The assembly process is guided by a trolley. The bottom assembly includes a first bottom arc plate, multiple third bottom arc plates, and a second bottom arc plate, which are inserted side by side on one side of the top arch. The first bottom arc plate is located at the end of the top arch away from the concrete body. The third bottom arc plate closest to the first bottom arc plate abuts against the first bottom arc plate. The other third bottom arc plates abut against the adjacent first bottom arc plates. The second bottom arc plate abuts against the third bottom arc plate farthest from the first bottom arc plate.

[0047] S6: The top arch component is assembled on the two bottom components using a crane;

[0048] The assembly process is guided by a trolley. The top arch component includes a first top arch, multiple third top arches, and a second top arch assembled sequentially. One end of the first top arch is connected to the first bottom arc plate and the third bottom arc plate closest to the first bottom arc plate. One end of the third top arch closest to the first top arch is connected to the third bottom arc plate closest to the first bottom arc plate and the adjacent third arc plate. One end of the third top arch furthest from the first top arch is connected to the third arc plate furthest from the first bottom arc plate and the adjacent second arc plate. One end of the remaining third top arches is connected to two adjacent third bottom arc plates. One end of the second top arch is connected to the third top arch furthest from the first top arch and the second top arch.

[0049] S7: Multiple reinforcing and stabilizing components are used to connect two adjacent arches;

[0050] S8: Erect formwork and pour the post-cast strip concrete. The second top arch and the second arc plate are both connected to one side of the post-cast strip concrete, and the concrete body is connected to the other side of the post-cast strip concrete.

[0051] By adopting the above technical solution, the construction of the tunnel lining structure can be achieved through the above steps.

[0052] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0053] 1. The splicing components are assembled without the need for concrete pouring. The post-cast strip concrete and the advanced support components require only a small amount of concrete pouring, effectively avoiding the problem of controlling the vibration time. Furthermore, the splicing method allows for control of the construction time at any time and the termination of construction at any time, thus improving the convenience of open-cut tunnel construction. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the advanced support component in the embodiments of this application.

[0056] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the splicing component in the embodiments of this application.

[0057] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the top arch and bottom assembly in the embodiments of this application.

[0058] Figure label:

[0059] 1. Advanced support components; 11. Connectors; 111. First arch steel; 112. Second arch steel; 113. Inner steel truss; 114. Outer steel truss; 115. Tie bars; 12. Concrete body; 13. Pipe roof pipe;

[0060] 2. Concrete strip after pouring;

[0061] 3. Splicing components; 31. Inverted arch; 311. Insertion block; 32. Top arch component; 321. First top arch; 3211. First limiting part; 322. Second top arch; 3221. Second limiting part; 3222. Second connecting steel bar; 323. Third top arch; 3231. Third limiting part; 33. Bottom assembly; 331. First bottom arc plate; 3311. First insertion groove; 3312. First connecting recess; 332. Second bottom arc plate; 3321. Second insertion groove; 3322. Second splicing block; 3323. First connecting steel bar; 333. Third bottom arc plate; 3331. Third insertion groove; 3332. First splicing block; 3333. Second connecting recess; 34. Reinforcing and stabilizing components; 341. Anti-displacement plate; 342. Limiting rod; 35. Concrete pile. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0063] This application discloses a railway engineering design for a tunnel lining structure.

[0064] Reference Figure 1 A railway engineering design for a tunnel lining structure includes an advanced support component 1, a post-cast concrete strip 2, and a splicing component 3. The advanced support component 1 is installed on the rock and soil mass and is used to connect with the tunnel, while the splicing component 3 is spliced ​​on the ground using a trolley.

[0065] The post-cast concrete strip 2 is poured onto the pre-support component 1 and the splicing component 3, thereby connecting the pre-support component 1 and the splicing component 3 to form the open-cut tunnel lining structure. The width of the post-cast concrete strip 2 is between 0.5 and 1 m. The pre-support component 1, the post-cast concrete strip 2, and the splicing component 3 are all arched. During construction, the pre-support component 1 is constructed first, followed by the splicing component 3, and finally the post-cast concrete strip 2.

[0066] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The advanced support component 1 includes a connector 11, a concrete body 12, and multiple pipe roof tubes 13. One end of each pipe roof tube 13 is inserted into the soil and rock mass, and the multiple pipe roof tubes 13 are distributed in an arch shape. At the same time, cement mortar is sprayed inside the pipe roof tubes 13 to improve the strength of the pipe roof tubes 13 themselves and the strength of their connection with the soil and rock mass.

[0067] Connector 11 is provided on one end of the multiple pipe roof pipes 13, and concrete body 12 is poured on the multiple pipe roof pipes 13. The concrete body 12 is arched, and the end of the pipe roof pipe 13 away from the rock and soil extends out from the concrete body 12, so as to facilitate connection with one side of the post-cast strip concrete body 2.

[0068] In actual construction, the construction environment and conditions are first explored, and then pipe roofing pipes 13 with a length of 300-500mm are selected. Next, the insertion holes for the pipe roofing pipes 13 are drilled, proceeding from higher to lower hole positions, with the diameter of the drilled holes being 30-40mm larger than the diameter of the pipe roofing pipe 13. Then, the pipe roofing pipe 13 is inserted into the insertion holes at an upward angle. Finally, grouting is performed inside the pipe roofing pipe 13 to firmly connect it to the soil and rock mass using cement mortar.

[0069] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The connector 11 includes a first arched steel 111, a second arched steel 112, an inner steel truss 113, an outer steel truss 114, and multiple tie bars 115. The first arched steel 111 is welded to the end of the multiple pipe roof tubes 13 closest to the soil and rock mass, and the second arched steel 112 is welded to the end of the multiple pipe roof tubes 13 furthest from the soil and rock mass. Both the first arched steel 111 and the second arched steel 112 are located on the inner side of the pipe roof tubes 13, and the end of the pipe roof tube 13 furthest from the soil and rock mass is farther than the distance between the second arched steel 112 and the soil and rock mass, thereby facilitating the pipe roof tubes 13 to extend out of the concrete body 12.

[0070] The inner steel truss 113 is located on the inner side of the multiple pipe shed tubes 13, and the outer steel truss 114 is located on the outer side of the multiple pipe shed tubes 13. Multiple tie bars 115 pass through the gaps between the multiple pipe shed tubes 13, with one end of each tie bar 115 connected to the inner steel truss 113 and the other end connected to the outer steel truss 114. The concrete body 12 is poured on the first arch steel 111, the second arch steel 112, the inner steel truss 113, the outer steel truss 114, and the multiple tie bars 115, with all of these components located within the concrete body 12.

[0071] In the actual construction process, the steel arch formwork is placed under multiple pipe roof pipes 13, and then scaffolding, steel pipes or other support devices are used to support the steel arch formwork. Then the entire connector 11 and multiple pipe roof pipes 13 are covered with wooden formwork, and finally concrete is poured.

[0072] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The splicing component 3 includes an inverted arch 31, a top arch component 32, two bottom splices 33, and multiple reinforcing and stabilizing components 34. The top arch component 32 and the two bottom splices 33 are precast components. The inverted arch 31 is cast onto the ground, the two bottom splices 33 are respectively located on both sides of the inverted arch 31, and the top arch component 32 is mounted on the two bottom splices 33. The post-cast concrete strip 2 and concrete strip 12 are both cast onto the inverted arch 31, with the side of the post-cast concrete strip 2 away from the multiple pipe roof pipes 13 simultaneously connected to the top arch component 32 and the two bottom splices 33. Multiple reinforcing and stabilizing components 34 are mounted on the top arch component 32 to enhance its structural strength.

[0073] Multiple concrete piles 35 are inserted into the ground at the bottom of the invert arch 31, with equal horizontal and vertical spacing between them. The invert arch 31 is connected to the multiple concrete piles 35 when it is poured into the ground. This strengthens the connection with the ground through the multiple concrete piles 35, and also enhances the stability of the connection between the invert arch 31 and the ground.

[0074] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The invert arch 31 is provided with multiple insertion blocks 311, which are integrally formed at equal intervals on both sides of the invert arch 31 along its length. The bottom assembly 33 includes a first bottom arc plate 331, a second bottom arc plate 332, and multiple third bottom arc plates 333. A first insertion groove 3311 is formed on one side of the first bottom arc plate 331, a second insertion groove 3321 is formed on one side of the second bottom arc plate 332, and a third insertion groove 3331 is formed on one side of the third bottom arc plate 333.

[0075] The first bottom arc plate 331 is inserted and fixedly connected to one end of the inverted arch 31 through the first insertion slot 3311, the second bottom arc plate 332 is inserted and fixedly connected to the other end of the inverted arch 31 through the second insertion slot 3321, and the third bottom arc plate 333 is inserted and fixedly connected between the two ends of the inverted arch 31 through the third insertion slot 3331.

[0076] Meanwhile, the first bottom arc plate 331 has a first connecting recess 3312, which is located on the side of the first bottom arc plate 331 near the third bottom arc plate 333 and away from the inverted arch 31. The third bottom arc plate 333 is integrally formed with a first splicing block 3332 and a second connecting recess 3333. The first splicing block 3332 is located on the side of the third bottom arc plate 333 near the first bottom arc plate 331 and away from the inverted arch 31, and the second connecting recess 3333 is located on the side of the third bottom arc plate 333 away from the first bottom arc plate 331 and away from the inverted arch 31.

[0077] The second bottom arc plate 332 is integrally formed with a second splicing block 3322, which is located at the end of the second bottom arc plate 332 near the third bottom arc plate 333 and away from the invert arch 31. At the same time, multiple first connecting steel bars 3323 extend from the second bottom arc plate 332, which are located at the end of the second bottom arc plate 332 away from the third bottom arc plate 333, and are arranged side by side.

[0078] The third bottom arc plate 333 closest to the first bottom arc plate 331 abuts against the first connecting recess 3312 via the first splicing block 3332. Other third bottom arc plates 333 abut against the second connecting portions of adjacent third bottom arc plates 333 via the first splicing block 3332. The second bottom arc plate 332 abuts against the second connecting recess 3333 of the third bottom arc plate 333 furthest from the first bottom arc plate 331 via the second splicing block 3322. Multiple first connecting reinforcing bars 3323 are connected to the post-cast concrete strip 2.

[0079] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In actual construction, multiple concrete piles 35 are first driven into the ground, and then the invert arch 31 and multiple insert blocks 311 on both sides of the invert arch 31 are poured. Then the trolley is moved onto the invert arch 31 to guide the hoisting of the first bottom arc plate 331, the second bottom arc plate 332 and the third bottom arc plate 333.

[0080] Then, the first bottom arc plate 331 is hoisted by a crane onto the insertion block 311 at the end of the invert arch 31 away from the post-cast concrete 2. Then, multiple third bottom arc plates 333 are hoisted onto multiple adjacent insertion blocks 311 in sequence. Finally, the second bottom arc plate 332 is hoisted onto the insertion block 311 at the end of the invert arch 31 near the post-cast concrete 2.

[0081] After hoisting is completed, the inverted arch 31 can fix the two first bottom arc plates 331, the two second bottom arc plates 332, and the multiple third bottom arc plates 333. One of the third bottom arc plates 333 closest to the first bottom arc plate 331 can press and fix the first bottom arc plate 331, and the third bottom arc plate 333 can press and fix the adjacent third bottom arc plate 333. The second bottom arc plate 332 can press and fix the third bottom arc plate 333 farthest from the first bottom arc plate 331, thereby increasing stability.

[0082] The top arch component 32 includes a first top arch 321, a second top arch 322 and multiple third top arches 323. The widths of the first top arch 321, the second top arch 322 and the third top arches 323 are all the same, and the total number of top arch components 32 is the same as the total number of bottom components 33.

[0083] Each of the first bottom arc plate 331, the second bottom arc plate 332, and the plurality of third bottom arc plates 333 has a limiting groove along its length. The limiting groove is located on the side of the first bottom arc plate 331, the second bottom arc plate 332, and the plurality of third bottom arc plates 333 away from the invert arch 31, and the limiting groove is located away from the middle of the invert arch 31. The first top arch 321 has a first limiting part 3211 integrally formed at both ends, the second top arch 322 has a second limiting part 3221 integrally formed at both ends, and the third top arch 323 has a third limiting part 3231 integrally formed at both ends.

[0084] The first arch 321 abuts against two limiting grooves via two first limiting parts 3211, the second arch 322 abuts against two limiting grooves via two second limiting parts 3221, and the third arch 323 abuts against two limiting grooves via two third limiting parts 3231. The first arch 321, multiple third arches 323, and the second arch 322 are arranged sequentially abutting against each other towards the post-cast concrete strip 2. Reinforcing members 34 are installed on adjacent arches. Simultaneously, multiple second connecting steel bars 3222 extend from the side of the second arch 322 away from the third arch 323, and these second connecting steel bars 3222 are arranged side-by-side. These multiple second connecting steel bars 3222 are connected to the post-cast concrete strip 2.

[0085] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The reinforcing and stabilizing component 34 includes an anti-displacement plate 341 and multiple limiting rods 342. The two ends of the anti-displacement plate 341 are respectively fixedly connected to two adjacent arches via the multiple limiting rods 342. The anti-displacement plate 341 is located in the middle section of the outer wall of the arch. The anti-displacement plate 341 can connect the first arch 321 to the adjacent third arch 323, connect the third arch 323 to the adjacent third arch 323, and also connect the third arch 323 to the adjacent second arch 322.

[0086] In actual construction, after the installation of multiple bottom arch plates is completed, the first top arch 321 is first hoisted onto the two first bottom arch plates 331 on both sides of the invert arch 31 under the guidance of the trolley. Since the total number of top arch components 32 is the same as the total number of bottom splice components 33, and the first splice part of the third bottom arch plate 333 abuts against the first connecting recess 3312 of the first bottom arch plate 331, at this time, one end of the first top arch 321 not only presses against the first bottom arch plate 331, but also against the adjacent third bottom arch plate 333, thereby forming a misaligned abutment, which in turn improves the stability of the entire lining structure.

[0087] Then, the third top arch 323 is hoisted onto the two third bottom arc plates 333 on both sides of the inverted arch 31. Since the first splicing block 3332 of the third bottom arc plate 333 abuts against the second connecting recess 3333 of the adjacent third bottom arc plate 333, one end of the third top arch 323 will simultaneously abut against the third bottom arc plate 333 and the adjacent third bottom arc plate 333.

[0088] When hoisting the last third arch 323, which is farthest from the first arch 321, one end of this third arch 323 will abut against the second splicing block 3322 of the third bottom arc plate 333 and the second bottom arc plate 332, thus forming a staggered abutment and improving the stability of the entire lining structure. Finally, the second arch 322 is hoisted onto the two second bottom arc plates 332 on both sides of the invert arch 31, thus completing the hoisting of the arch component 32.

[0089] At this point, due to the inherent stress characteristics of the arched structure, the two bottom components 33 can support the top arch component 32. Then, the installation of the reinforcing and stabilizing components 34 prevents displacement of the top arch component 32. Multiple limiting rods 342 only need to be driven into the concrete of the top arch; they do not need to penetrate through the top arch.

[0090] The implementation principle of a railway tunnel lining structure according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: During the construction of the tunnel, the pre-support component 1 is first constructed, allowing the tunnel lining to connect with the tunnel entrance. Then, splicing components 3 are spliced ​​at intervals of 10.5-1 meter from the pre-support components. Finally, concrete is poured into the post-cast strip concrete body 2, connecting the splicing components 3 and the pre-support component 1 through the post-cast strip concrete body 2, thus forming a complete tunnel lining structure.

[0091] In this process, the pre-support component 1, the post-cast strip concrete 2, and the splicing component 3 are constructed in stages. The amount of concrete required for both the pre-support component 1 and the post-cast strip concrete 2 is much smaller than that required for a single pour, thus reducing the amount of concrete poured at once. This facilitates the control of concrete vibration and reduces the time spent on single pours. Meanwhile, the splicing component 3 is formed by prefabricating and assembling components, allowing for the immediate start and pause of construction, thereby effectively improving the convenience of open-cut tunnel construction.

[0092] Based on the same design concept, this embodiment also discloses a construction method for open-cut tunnel lining in railway engineering.

[0093] Referring to Figure x, a construction method for the lining of a railway tunnel includes the following steps:

[0094] S1: Based on the design drawings, prefabricate the top arch component 32 and two bottom components 33 in batches, conforming to the design dimensions.

[0095] The bottom assembly 33 includes a first bottom arc plate 331, a second bottom arc plate 332, and multiple third bottom arc plates 333. The top arch assembly 32 includes a first top arch 321, a second top arch 322, and multiple third top arches 323.

[0096] S2: Locate the tunnel exit, measure and lay out the rock and soil at the tunnel exit, and at the same time, open a vertical plane at the tunnel exit.

[0097] S3: Multiple pipe roof pipes 13 are inserted into the rock and soil at the tunnel exit and grouting is performed. Then, connectors 11 are fixed to the multiple pipe roof pipes 13, and then concrete is poured to form a concrete body 12. The multiple pipe roof pipes 13 and connectors 11 are all located inside the concrete body 12, and the multiple pipe roof pipes 13 extend out from inside the concrete body 12.

[0098] The connector 11 includes a first arched steel section, a second arched steel section 112, an inner steel truss 113, an outer steel truss 114, and multiple tie bars 115. The entire connector 11 is covered and supported by a template.

[0099] S4: Drive multiple concrete piles 35 into the ground and pour an inverted arch 31 on the multiple concrete piles 35.

[0100] One end of the inverted arch 31 is connected to the concrete body 12 by casting.

[0101] S5: Two bottom components 33 are assembled on both sides of the top arch using a crane.

[0102] A trolley is used to guide the entire assembly process. The bottom assembly 33 includes a first bottom arc plate 331, multiple third bottom arc plates 333, and a second bottom arc plate 332, which are sequentially inserted side by side on one side of the top arch. The first bottom arc plate 331 is located at the end of the top arch away from the concrete body 12. The third bottom arc plate 333 closest to the first bottom arc plate 331 abuts against the first bottom arc plate 331, and the other third bottom arc plates 333 abut against the adjacent first bottom arc plates 331. The second bottom arc plate 332 abuts against the third bottom arc plate 333 furthest from the first bottom arc plate 331.

[0103] S6: The top arch component 32 is assembled on the two bottom components 33 using a crane.

[0104] A trolley is used to guide the entire assembly process. The top arch component 32 includes a first top arch 321, multiple third top arches 323, and a second top arch 322, which are assembled sequentially. One end of the first top arch 321 is connected to the first bottom arc plate 331 and the third bottom arc plate 333 closest to the first bottom arc plate 331. One end of the third top arch 323 closest to the first top arch 321 is connected to the third bottom arc plate 333 closest to the first bottom arc plate 331 and the adjacent third arc plate. One end of the third top arch 323 farthest from the first top arch 321 is connected to the third arc plate farthest from the first bottom arc plate 331 and the adjacent second arc plate. One end of the remaining third top arches 323 is connected to two adjacent third bottom arc plates 333. One end of the second top arch 322 is connected to the third top arch 323 farthest from the first top arch 321 and the second top arch 322.

[0105] S7: Multiple reinforcing and stabilizing components 34 are used to connect two adjacent arches.

[0106] Among them, the reinforcing and stabilizing components 34 are all located in the middle section of the outer wall of the top arch.

[0107] S8: Erect formwork and pour the post-cast strip concrete 2. The second top arch 322 and the second arc abutment are both connected to one side of the post-cast strip concrete 2, and the concrete body 12 is connected to the other side of the post-cast strip concrete 2. This completes the entire open-cut tunnel lining structure.

[0108] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A railway engineering design open cut lining structure, characterised in that: The tunnel construction method comprises a forepoling assembly (1), a post-poured concrete body (2) and a splicing assembly (3). The forepoling assembly (1) is arranged on a rock-soil body and is used in connection with a tunnel. The post-poured concrete body (2) is post-poured on the forepoling assembly (1) and the splicing assembly (3). The splicing assembly (3) comprises a inverted arch (31) arranged on the ground, two bottom splicing pieces (33) arranged on both sides of the inverted arch (31) and a top arch piece (32) arranged on the two bottom splicing pieces (33). The inverted arch (31) is integrally formed with a plurality of inserting blocks (311) at equal intervals on both sides along the length direction of the inverted arch (31). The bottom splicing piece (33) comprises a first bottom arc plate (331), a plurality of third bottom arc plates (333) and a second bottom arc plate (332) which are sequentially inserted into the plurality of inserting blocks (311); and the first bottom arc plate (331), the plurality of third bottom arc plates (333) and the second bottom arc plate (332) are sequentially connected. The top arch piece (32) comprises a first top arch (321), a second top arch (322) and a plurality of third top arches (323); both ends of the first top arch (321) are connected to the two first bottom arc plates (331) on both sides of the inverted arch (31), both ends of the second top arch (322) are connected to the two second bottom arc plates (332) on both sides of the inverted arch (31), and both ends of the third top arch (323) are connected to the two third bottom arc plates (333) at both ends of the inverted arch (31). The post-poured concrete body (2) is connected with the second bottom arc plate (332), the second top arch (322) and the inverted arch (31) respectively. The first bottom arc plate (331) is provided with a first connecting recess (3312) on one end close to the third bottom arc plate (333) and on one side away from the inverted arch (31). The third bottom arc plate (333) is integrally formed with a first splicing block (3332) on one end close to the first bottom arc plate (331) and on one side away from the inverted arch (31), and is provided with a second connecting recess (3333) on the other end. The second bottom arc plate (332) is integrally formed with a second splicing block (3322) on one end close to the third bottom arc plate (333) and on one side away from the inverted arch (31). The first splicing block (3332) of the third bottom arc plate (333) is connected to the first connecting recess (3312) of the first bottom arc plate (331); the second connecting recess (3333) of the third bottom arc plate (333) is connected to the first splicing block (3332) of the adjacent third bottom arc plate (333); and the second splicing block (3322) of the second bottom arc plate (332) is connected to the second connecting recess (3333) of the adjacent third bottom arc plate (333). The forepoling assembly (1) comprises a plurality of pipe shed pipes (13) arranged on a rock-soil body, a connecting piece (11) arranged on the plurality of pipe shed pipes (13) and a concrete body (12) poured on the connecting piece (11). The plurality of pipe shed pipes (13) are arranged in the concrete body (12) and connected with the post-poured concrete body (2), and the concrete body (12) is in an arch shape.

2. A railway engineering design open cut lining structure according to claim 1, wherein The second bottom arc plate (332) is provided with a plurality of first connecting steel bars (3323) away from one end of the third bottom arc plate (333); and the second bottom arc plate (332) is connected by the plurality of first connecting steel bars (3323) and the post-pouring strip concrete (2).

3. A railway engineering design open cut lining structure according to claim 1, wherein The first bottom arc plate (331), the second bottom arc plate (332) and the plurality of third bottom arc plates (333) are provided with limiting grooves away from one side of the inverted arch (31), and the limiting grooves are located away from the middle part of the inverted arch (31); the first top arch (321) is provided with first limiting parts (3211) at both ends, the first limiting parts (3211) abut in the limiting grooves; the second top arch (322) is provided with second limiting parts (3221) at both ends, the second limiting parts (3221) abut in the limiting grooves; and the third top arch (323) is provided with third limiting parts (3231) at both ends, the third limiting parts (3231) abut in the limiting grooves.

4. A railway engineering design open cut lining structure according to claim 3, wherein The second top arch (322) is provided with a plurality of second connecting steel bars (3222) away from one side of the third top arch (323), and the second top arch (322) is connected by the plurality of second connecting steel bars (3222) and the post-pouring strip concrete (2).

5. A railway engineering design open cut lining structure according to claim 3, wherein The bottom of the inverted arch (31) is further provided with a plurality of concrete piles (35), and the plurality of concrete piles (35) are arranged at equal intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the inverted arch (31) is connected with the plurality of concrete piles (35).

6. A railway engineering design open cut lining structure according to claim 4, wherein The splicing assembly (3) further comprises a plurality of reinforcing and stabilizing members (34), and each reinforcing and stabilizing member (34) is used for connecting two adjacent top arches.

7. A railway engineering design open cut lining structure according to claim 1, wherein The width of the post-pouring strip concrete (2) is 0.5-1m.

8. A railway engineering design open cut lining structure construction method, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1: prefabricating a top arch piece (32) and two bottom pieces (33) according to the design size; The bottom piece (33) comprises a first bottom arc plate (331), a second bottom arc plate (332) and a plurality of third bottom arc plates (333); and the top arch piece (32) comprises a first top arch (321), a second top arch (322) and a plurality of third top arches (323). S2: measuring and laying out at the tunnel exit, excavating the rock-soil body and opening a vertical plane; S3: inserting a plurality of pipe shed pipes (13) into the rock-soil body at the tunnel exit and grouting, then fixing a connecting member (11) on the plurality of pipe shed pipes (13), and then pouring a concrete body (12) by using concrete; S4: driving a plurality of concrete piles (35) into the ground, and pouring an inverted arch (31) on the plurality of concrete piles (35); S5: using a crane to assemble two bottom pieces (33) on both sides of the top arch respectively; S6: pouring a post-pouring strip concrete (2) on the plurality of first connecting steel bars (3323) and the plurality of second connecting steel bars (3222). The trolley is used for guiding the whole assembling process; the bottom assembling piece (33) comprises a first bottom arc plate (331), a plurality of third bottom arc plates (333) and a second bottom arc plate (332) arranged side by side in sequence on one side of the top arch; the first bottom arc plate (331) is located at one end of the top arch away from the concrete body (12), the third bottom arc plate (333) closest to the first bottom arc plate (331) is abutted on the first bottom arc plate (331), the other third bottom arc plates (333) are abutted on the adjacent first bottom arc plates (331), and the second bottom arc plate (332) is abutted on the third bottom arc plate (333) farthest from the first bottom arc plate (331); S6: the top arch piece (32) is assembled on the two bottom assembling pieces (33) by using a crane; The trolley is used for guiding the whole assembling process; the top arch piece (32) comprises a first top arch (321), a plurality of third top arches (323) and a second top arch (322) assembled in sequence; one end of the first top arch (321) is connected to the first bottom arc plate (331) and the third bottom arc plate (333) closest to the first bottom arc plate (331); one end of the third top arch (323) closest to the first top arch (321) is connected to the third bottom arc plate (333) closest to the first bottom arc plate (331) and the adjacent third arc abutting plate; one end of the third top arch (323) farthest from the first top arch (321) is connected to the third arc abutting plate farthest from the first bottom arc plate (331) and the adjacent second arc abutting plate; one end of the rest third top arches (323) is connected to the two adjacent third bottom arc plates (333); one end of the second top arch (322) is connected to the third top arch (323) farthest from the first top arch (321) and the second top arch (322); S7: a plurality of reinforcing and stabilizing pieces (34) are used for connecting the two adjacent top arches; S8: the formwork is supported and the post-pouring concrete body (2) is poured; the second top arch (322) and the second arc abutting plate are connected to one side of the post-pouring concrete body (2), and the concrete body (12) is connected to the other side of the post-pouring concrete body (2).

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