A self-hydraulic portal-free box culvert type tunnel formwork trolley and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a self-hydraulic portal-free box culvert type tunnel template trolley and a construction method thereof, which comprises a box culvert type top mold and a box culvert type side mold. Both ends of the box culvert type top mold are connected with the box culvert type side mold through a rotating limiting device. A small side wall template is connected with a hinge pin at the bottom of the two box culvert type side molds. The end of the small side wall template is overlapped with a good lining inverted arch side wall of the tunnel. A hydraulic walking mechanism is arranged between the box culvert type side mold and the tunnel inverted arch filling surface. The structure of the trolley is optimized, the volume of the trolley occupying the tunnel clearance is greatly reduced, the construction of other processes of the tunnel can be simultaneously carried out when the trolley carries out the secondary lining construction of the tunnel, and the trolley and the tunnel do not interfere with each other. The efficiency of the tunnel construction is greatly improved, and the construction period is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically relating to a self-propelled hydraulic gantry-less box culvert tunnel formwork trolley and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] The double-sided-wall pilot tunnel method is suitable for excavating vehicular tunnels in Class V surrounding rock conditions, such as cohesive soil, sand, and gravel layers. In shallow-buried, large-span tunnel construction, this method can control surface subsidence, maintain tunnel face stability, and ensure safety and reliability. The principle is to use two central partition walls to divide the entire tunnel cross-section into three smaller sections (left, middle, and right) for construction. The left and right pilot tunnels are constructed first, followed closely by the middle section.

[0003] In the secondary lining of double-sided wall pilot tunnels, the most common method currently used is to assemble prefabricated formwork and then erect a scaffold platform for support and fixation (e.g., Figure 1 (As shown). This method seems simple, but it requires a lot of manpower and resources, and the resulting outline effect is poor, making it impossible to guarantee construction efficiency and schedule. Another method is to use simple formwork trolleys to simultaneously line the top and sides. Although this method reduces manpower, three simple formwork trolleys need to be positioned separately (e.g., Figure 2 As shown, their positions cannot be kept fixed. This results in excessively long preparation time for placement, and the quality of the concrete at the joints during lining cannot be guaranteed. Construction efficiency is not improved either. Furthermore, it occupies a significant amount of tunnel space, preventing other tunnel construction processes from being carried out simultaneously. Additionally, there are issues with slow trolley turnover and long construction cycles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of time-consuming and labor-intensive assembly of existing trolleys, long preparation time, low construction efficiency, slow turnover speed, and long construction cycle. This invention proposes a self-propelled hydraulic gantry-less box culvert formwork trolley and its construction method.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0006] The first objective of this invention is to provide a self-propelled hydraulic gantry-less box culvert tunnel formwork trolley, comprising a box culvert top formwork and box culvert side formwork. Both ends of the box culvert top formwork are connected to the box culvert side formwork via a rotation limiting device. The bottom hinge pins of the two box culvert side formworks are connected to the small side wall formwork. The ends of the small side wall formwork overlap with the already lined invert side wall of the tunnel. A hydraulic walking mechanism is provided between the box culvert side formwork and the tunnel invert filling surface.

[0007] The tunnel invert infill surface, invert sidewalls, small sidewall formwork, box culvert side formwork, and box culvert top formwork are connected to form a closed circular structure that is consistent with the inner contour shape of the tunnel.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the hydraulic walking mechanism includes two walking beams, both of which are connected to two box culvert side molds through triangular support plates. A walking slider is provided below the walking beam, and the walking beam and the walking slider are connected by a walking cylinder.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the hydraulic walking mechanism further includes a lifting support and a translation slider. The upper part of the lifting support is connected to the end of the walking beam through a hinged support, and the lower part of the lifting support is connected to the translation slider through a lifting cylinder. The translation slider is slidably connected to the translation base.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a translation cylinder is provided between the translation slider and the translation base. The bottom of the translation cylinder and the translation base are connected by a pin, and the piston end of the translation cylinder and the translation slider are connected by a pin.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the lower end sidewall of the box culvert side formwork is connected to the tunnel invert arch filling surface by a template support fixing screw, and the bottom of the lower end of the box culvert side formwork is connected to the invert arch sidewall by a side formwork ground support screw.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the rotation limiting device includes an upper hinge arm and a lower hinge arm. One end of the upper hinge arm is fixed to the inner side wall of the top end of the box culvert, and one end of the lower hinge arm is fixed to the inner side wall of the upper end of the box culvert side mold. The other ends of the lower hinge arm and the upper hinge arm are hinged together, and a limiting component is provided between the upper hinge arm and the lower hinge arm.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the limiting component further includes a movable cylinder and a movable rod. One end of the movable rod is hinged to the horizontal beam of the lower hinge arm, and one end of the movable cylinder is hinged to the horizontal beam of the upper hinge arm. The other end of the movable rod is located inside the sliding cylinder. At least two clearance grooves are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the movable rod. An elastic bending member is provided in the clearance groove. A receiving groove is provided on the back of the elastic bending member. A positioning rod is provided in the receiving groove. One end of the positioning rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove. A first opening groove and a second opening groove that cooperate with each other are provided on the side wall of the positioning rod and the inner wall of the receiving groove. A compression spring is provided between the opening groove and the notch. A limiting ring is also sleeved on the outer wall of the movable rod. The limiting ring is located outside the positioning rod.

[0014] The movable cylinder has symmetrical sliding holes on its side wall. Both the inner and outer sides of the sliding holes are provided with inclined surfaces to facilitate the sliding of the elastic bending parts. An annular plate is provided on the side wall of the movable cylinder, and an annular groove is provided above the annular plate. When the positioning rod is opened, its bottom abuts against the annular groove.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, an installation groove is provided on the top side wall of the movable rod, a screw is provided in the installation groove, a return spring is provided between the bottom of the screw and the inner end wall of the installation groove, a fixing hole is provided on the side wall of the movable cylinder, and a notch is provided on the inner wall of the movable cylinder to connect with the fixing hole. When the movable rod moves to the inner end of the movable cylinder, the screw passes through the fixing hole and is partially located outside the fixing hole. The part of the screw located outside the fixing hole is fixed by a nut.

[0016] Another objective of this invention is to provide a construction method for a self-propelled hydraulic gantry-less box culvert tunnel formwork trolley, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Positioning the trolley

[0018] First, the translation cylinder pushes the translation slider to slide on the translation base. The translation slider drives the lifting cylinder, the traveling beam, and the box culvert side mold to rotate and open around the hinge of the upper and lower hinge arms. During the opening process, the movable rod moves into the movable cylinder, and the end of the elastic bending part bends outward and slides into the sliding hole. As the movable rod moves upward, the end of the elastic bending part extends outward from the sliding hole. The positioning rod in the receiving groove loses its limit and is opened by the compression spring. The bottom abuts against the inner wall of the annular groove, and the outer wall is close to the side wall of the annular groove. At the same time, the screw passes through the fixing hole and is partially located outside the fixing hole. The part of the screw located outside the fixing hole is fixed by the nut, thus realizing the fixed connection between the box culvert top mold and the box culvert side mold.

[0019] The overall height of the trolley is adjusted to the height of the tunnel lining profile by lifting the hydraulic cylinder;

[0020] The centerline of the trolley is adjusted to coincide with the centerline of the tunnel lining profile by translating the hydraulic cylinder;

[0021] Use the template support and fixing screws to open up the small side wall template and overlap it with the already lined invert arch side wall of the tunnel.

[0022] The trolley is supported and fixed as a whole by using a box culvert-type side mold ground support screw;

[0023] The template is used to support the trolley with a screw rod, so that the trolley forms a closed ring, and then the secondary lining of the tunnel can begin.

[0024] Step 2: Demolding the trolley

[0025] After the secondary lining of the tunnel is completed, first remove the connecting nuts between the box culvert top formwork and the box culvert side formwork on the left side, then remove the formwork support fixing screws, and remove the box culvert side formwork ground support screws.

[0026] Press the screw into the fixing hole, and at the same time retract the positioning rod into the receiving groove. Simultaneously, use the translation cylinder to retract the translation slider and the lifting cylinder to drive the retraction of the traveling beam and the box culvert side mold, thus completing the demolding of the left box culvert side mold. Similarly, complete the demolding of the right box culvert side mold.

[0027] Retract the lifting cylinder so that the box culvert side mold can be driven to demold the box culvert top mold through the hinge of the upper and lower hinge arms, thus completing the overall demolding of the trolley.

[0028] Step 3: The trolley moves

[0029] The trolley can move in the demolded state. The lifting cylinder retracts, so that the moving slider touches the ground. Then it retracts another 100mm, so that the translation base is lifted off the ground. The moving cylinder retracts, and the trolley moving beam slides forward on the moving slider, so that the trolley moves forward as a whole.

[0030] After the traveling cylinder retracts, the lifting cylinder extends, allowing the translation base to touch the ground. It continues to extend, lifting the traveling slider off the ground. The traveling cylinder extends, allowing the traveling slider to slide forward along the traveling beam until the traveling cylinder is fully extended. This operation is then repeated to allow the trolley to travel to the next lining section.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0032] 1. This invention optimizes the structure of the tunnel trolley, significantly reducing the volume occupied by the trolley in the tunnel's clearance. While the trolley is performing secondary tunnel lining construction, other tunnel construction processes can be carried out simultaneously without interference. This greatly improves tunnel construction efficiency and reduces the construction period.

[0033] 2. Compared with ordinary loose-formwork and simple layered trolleys, this invention greatly improves construction efficiency, reduces labor and machinery costs, and shortens the construction period when performing secondary lining of tunnels using the double-sided wall pilot tunnel method. It also improves the quality of the secondary lining concrete construction, ensuring the accuracy and linearity of the overall tunnel profile.

[0034] 3. This invention uses a rotation limiting device to connect the box culvert side mold and the box culvert top mold into an integrated structure. When transported to the construction site, the box culvert side mold rotates towards the recessed area of ​​the box culvert top mold under the action of the rotation limiting device, reducing the overall area of ​​the device, facilitating transportation, and making hoisting and layout easier. When the trolley is in place, the translation cylinder pushes the translation slider to slide on the translation base. The translation slider drives the lifting cylinder, the traveling beam, and the box culvert side mold to rotate and open around the hinge of the upper and lower hinge arms. During the opening process, the movable rod moves into the movable cylinder, and the end of the elastic bending member bends outward and slides into the sliding hole. As the movable rod moves upward, the end of the elastic bending member extends outward from the sliding hole. The positioning rod in the receiving groove loses its limit and is opened by the compression spring. The bottom abuts against the inner wall of the annular groove, and the outer wall is close to the side wall of the annular groove. At the same time, the screw passes through the fixing hole and is partially located outside the fixing hole. The part of the screw located outside the fixing hole is fixed by the nut, thus realizing the fixed connection between the box culvert top mold and the box culvert side mold. This shortened the time for the trolley to be positioned, thereby improving construction efficiency.

[0035] Simultaneously, during demolding of the trolley, simply press the screw into the fixing hole, retract the positioning rod into the receiving groove, and use the translation cylinder to retract the translation slider and the lifting cylinder to drive the retraction of the traveling beam and the box culvert side mold, thus completing the demolding of the left box culvert side mold. Similarly, demolding of the right box culvert side mold is completed by retracting the lifting cylinder, allowing the box culvert side mold to drive the box culvert top mold through the hinge of the upper and lower hinge arms, thus completing the overall demolding of the trolley. Demolding is not only smooth but also involves simple operation steps and high demolding efficiency.

[0036] 3. The self-propelled hydraulic gantryless box culvert tunnel formwork trolley of the present invention not only has a fast positioning speed and high demolding efficiency, but also a short turnover period, thereby improving the entire construction cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 A site photo showing the assembly of loosely assembled templates.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of three simple template trolleys.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a front view of the lining state of the secondary lining formwork trolley.

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 3Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0042] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the state of point A during demolding of the secondary lining template trolley.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a 3D view of the movable rod.

[0045] Figure 8 Diagram showing the end state when the movable rod and movable cylinder are fixedly connected.

[0046] Figure 9 This is a side view of the lining state of the secondary lining formwork trolley.

[0047] Figure 10 This is the demolding state of the secondary lining template trolley (front view).

[0048] Figure 11 This is a side view of the demolding state of the secondary lining template trolley.

[0049] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the secondary lining template trolley.

[0050] Among them, 1. Small side wall formwork, 2. Box culvert side formwork, 3. Triangular support plate, 4. Working platform, 5. Rotation limiting device, 501. Upper hinge arm, 502. Lower hinge arm, 6. Limiting component, 601. Movable cylinder, 6011. Annular plate, 6012. Annular groove, 6013. Sliding hole, 6014. Notch, 602. Movable rod, 6021. Relief groove, 6022. Elastic bending component, 6023. Receiving groove, 6024. Positioning rod, 6025. Compression spring, 6026. Limiting ring, 6027. Mounting groove, 6028. Return spring, 602... 9. Limiting groove; 603. Screw; 604. Nut; 605. Guide groove; 7. Box culvert top formwork; 8. Hydraulic system operating valve; 9. Hydraulic oil tank; 10. Traveling beam; 11. Template support fixing screw; 12. Side formwork ground support screw; 13. Traveling cylinder; 14. Traveling slider; 15. Traveling beam hinged support; 16. Lifting support; 17. Lifting cylinder; 18. Translation slider; 19. Translation base; 20. Tunnel secondary lining; 21. Tunnel double sidewall support beam; 22. Tunnel invert arch filling surface; 23. Invert arch sidewall; 24. Translation cylinder; 25. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0052] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0053] refer to Figure 3 and 11 As shown, this embodiment provides a self-propelled hydraulic gantry-less box culvert tunnel formwork trolley, including a box culvert top formwork 7 and box culvert side formwork 2. Both ends of the box culvert top formwork 7 are connected to the box culvert side formwork 2 via a rotation limiting device 5. The bottom hinge pins of the two box culvert side formwork 2 are connected to the small side wall formwork 1. A working platform 4 is provided on the inner wall of each of the two box culvert side formwork 2, and is connected to the box culvert formwork 2 by flanges. The end of the small side wall formwork 1 overlaps with the already lined invert side wall 23 of the tunnel, and a hydraulic walking mechanism is provided between the box culvert side formwork 2 and the tunnel invert filling surface 22.

[0054] like Figure 9 As shown, the hydraulic walking mechanism includes two walking beams 10, a lifting support 16, and a translation slider 18. Both walking beams 10 are connected to two box culvert side molds 2 via triangular support plates 3. A translation slider 14 is provided below the walking beams 10. The walking beams 10 and the translation slider 14 are connected by a walking cylinder 13. The upper part of the lifting support 16 is connected to the end of the walking beam 10 via a hinged support of the walking beam 10, and the lower part of the lifting support 16 is connected to the translation slider 18 via a lifting cylinder 17. The translation slider 18 is slidably connected to the translation base 19. A translation cylinder 24 is provided between the translation slider 18 and the translation base 19. The bottom of the translation cylinder 24 and the translation base 19 are connected by a pin, and the piston end of the translation cylinder 24 and the translation slider 18 are connected by a pin.

[0055] The walking slider 14 is hung on the walking beam 10 by a right-angle plate, and the two walking sliders 14 are connected by a connecting rod 25.

[0056] The traveling cylinder 13, lifting cylinder 17, and translation cylinder 24 are supplied with oil by the hydraulic oil tank 9 and controlled by the hydraulic system operating valve 8 to drive the corresponding cylinders to work.

[0057] For example Figure 3 As shown, the lower side wall of the box culvert side formwork 2 is connected to the tunnel arch filling surface 22 by the template support fixing screw 11, and the lower bottom of the box culvert side formwork 2 is connected to the arch side wall 23 by the side formwork ground support screw 12.

[0058] like Figure 4-8 As shown, the rotation limiting device 5 includes an upper hinge arm 501 and a lower hinge arm 502. One end of the upper hinge arm 501 is fixed to the inner side wall of the end of the box culvert top mold 7, and one end of the lower hinge arm 502 is fixed to the inner side wall of the upper end of the box culvert side mold 2. The other ends of the lower hinge arm 502 and the upper hinge arm 501 are hinged together, and a limiting component 6 is provided between the upper hinge arm 501 and the lower hinge arm 502.

[0059] The limiting assembly 6 includes a movable cylinder 601 and a movable rod 602. One end of the movable rod 602 is hinged to the horizontal beam of the lower hinge arm 502, and one end of the movable cylinder 601 is hinged to the horizontal beam of the upper hinge arm 501. The other end of the movable rod 602 is located inside the sliding cylinder. At least two clearance grooves 6021 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the movable rod 602. An elastic bending member 6022 is provided in the clearance groove 6021. A receiving groove 6023 is provided on the back of the elastic bending member 6022. A positioning rod 6024 is provided in the receiving groove 6023. One end of the positioning rod 6024 is attached to the inner wall of the receiving groove 6023. The rotatable connection is provided, and a first opening groove and a second opening groove that cooperate with each other are provided on the side wall of the positioning rod 6024 and the inner wall of the receiving groove 6023. A compression spring 6025 is provided between the opening groove and the notch 6014. A limiting ring 6026 is also sleeved on the outer wall of the movable rod 602. The limiting ring 6026 is located outside the positioning rod 6024, and a plurality of guide grooves 605 are provided on the outer wall of the positioning rod 6024 at intervals of clearance grooves 6021. A guide post that can slide along the guide groove 605 is provided inside the limiting ring 6026. The guide post can penetrate the side wall and extend into the interior from the outer wall of the limiting ring 6026.

[0060] The movable cylinder 601 has symmetrical sliding holes 6013 on its side wall. Both the inner and outer sides of the sliding holes 6013 are provided with inclined surfaces to facilitate the sliding of the elastic bending member 6022. An annular plate 6011 is provided on the side wall of the movable cylinder 601. An annular groove 6012 is provided above the annular plate 6011. When the positioning rod 6024 is opened, its bottom abuts against the annular groove 6012.

[0061] The elastic bending member 6022 can be made of elastic steel sheet. If elastic steel sheet is used, the positioning rod 6024 is directly hinged to the outer wall of the elastic steel sheet, and the compression spring 6025 is connected to the inner wall of the positioning rod 6024 and the outer wall of the elastic steel sheet. The depth of the clearance groove 6021 can accommodate the elastic steel sheet and the positioning rod 6024.

[0062] like Figure 8As shown, a mounting groove 6027 is provided on the top side wall of the movable rod 602, and a screw 603 is provided in the mounting groove 6027. A return spring 6028 is provided between the bottom of the screw 603 and the inner end wall of the mounting groove 6027. A fixing hole is provided on the side wall of the movable cylinder 601, and a notch 6014 connected to the fixing hole is provided on the inner wall of the movable cylinder 601. When the movable rod 602 moves to the inner end of the movable cylinder 601, the screw 603 passes through the fixing hole and is partially located outside the fixing hole. The part of the screw 603 located outside the fixing hole is fixed by a nut 604.

[0063] To prevent the screw 603 from popping out directly from the mounting slot, a limiting groove 6029 is provided on the inner wall of the mounting slot, and a limiting post that can slide in the limiting groove 6029 is also provided at the bottom of the screw 603.

[0064] The translation slider 18 drives the lifting cylinder 17, the traveling beam 10, and the box culvert side mold 2 to rotate and open around the hinge part of the upper hinge arm 501 and the lower hinge arm 502. During the opening process, the movable rod 602 moves into the movable cylinder 601, and the end of the elastic bending member 6022 bends outward and slides into the sliding hole 6013. As the movable rod 602 moves upward, the end of the elastic bending member 6022 extends outward from the sliding hole 6013. The positioning rod 6024 in the receiving groove 6023 loses its limit and is opened by the compression spring 6025. The bottom of the rod presses against the inner wall of the annular groove 6012, and the outer wall is close to the side wall of the annular groove 6012. At the same time, the screw 603 passes through the fixing hole and is partially located outside the fixing hole. The part of the screw 603 located outside the fixing hole is fixed by the nut 604, thus realizing the fixed connection between the box culvert top mold 7 and the box culvert side mold 2.

[0065] Another objective of this embodiment is to provide a construction method for a self-propelled hydraulic gantry-less box culvert tunnel formwork trolley, comprising the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: Positioning the trolley

[0067] First, the translation cylinder 24 pushes the translation slider 18 to slide on the translation base 19. The translation slider 18 drives the lifting cylinder 17, the traveling beam 10, and the box culvert side mold 2 to rotate and open around the hinge part of the upper hinge arm 501 and the lower hinge arm 502. During the opening process, the movable rod 602 moves into the movable cylinder 601, and the end of the elastic bending member 6022 bends outward and slides into the sliding hole 6013. As the movable rod 602 moves upward, the end of the elastic bending member 6022 extends outward from the sliding hole 6013. The positioning rod 6024 in the receiving groove 6023 loses its limit and is opened by the compression spring 6025. The bottom abuts against the inner wall of the annular groove 6012, and the outer wall is close to the side wall of the annular groove 6012. At the same time, the screw 603 passes through the fixing hole and is partially located outside the fixing hole. The part of the screw 603 located outside the fixing hole is fixed by the nut 604, thus realizing the fixed connection between the box culvert top mold 7 and the box culvert side mold 2.

[0068] The overall height of the trolley is adjusted to the height of the tunnel lining profile by lifting hydraulic cylinder 17;

[0069] The centerline of the trolley is adjusted to coincide with the centerline of the tunnel lining profile by moving the hydraulic cylinder 24.

[0070] Use the template support and fixing screw 11 to open up the small side wall template 1 and overlap it with the tunnel invert arch side wall 23 that has been lined;

[0071] The trolley is supported and fixed as a whole by using the box culvert side mold 2 ground support screw;

[0072] Use template support to fix the screw rod 1 to fix the support trolley, so that the trolley as a whole forms a closed ring, and then the secondary lining of the tunnel can begin. Figure 9 and 12 (as shown);

[0073] Step 2: Demolding the trolley

[0074] After the secondary lining of the tunnel is completed, first remove the connecting nut 604 between the box culvert top formwork 7 and the box culvert side formwork 2 on the left side, then remove the formwork support fixing screw 11, and remove the ground support screw of the box culvert side formwork 2.

[0075] Press the screw 603 into the fixing hole, retract the positioning rod 6024 into the receiving groove 6023, and at the same time use the translation cylinder 24 to retract the translation slider 18 and the lifting cylinder 17, thereby driving the retraction of the walking beam 10 and the box culvert side mold 2, thus completing the demolding of the left box culvert side mold 2. Similarly, the demolding of the right box culvert side mold 2 is completed.

[0076] Retract the lifting cylinder 17, causing the box culvert side mold 2 to drive the box culvert top mold 7 to detach via the hinged connection of the upper hinge arm 501 and the lower hinge arm 502, thus completing the overall demolding of the trolley; its state is as follows. Figure 10 and 11As shown.

[0077] Step 3: The trolley moves

[0078] When the trolley is in the demolded state, it can move. The lifting cylinder 17 retracts, so that the moving slider 14 touches the ground. Then it retracts another 100mm, so that the translation base 19 is lifted off the ground. The moving cylinder 13 retracts, and the trolley moving beam 10 slides forward on the moving slider 14, so that the trolley moves forward as a whole.

[0079] After the travel cylinder 13 retracts, the lifting cylinder 17 extends, causing the translation base 19 to touch the ground. It continues to extend, causing the travel slider 14 to lift off the ground. The travel cylinder 13 extends, causing the travel slider 14 to slide forward along the travel beam 10 until the travel cylinder 13 is fully extended. Then, this operation process is repeated to make the trolley travel to the next lining section.

[0080] The above description is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and is not intended to limit it. Any other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-propelled hydraulic gantry-less box culvert tunnel formwork trolley, characterized in that, It includes a box culvert top formwork and a box culvert side formwork. Both ends of the box culvert top formwork are connected to the box culvert side formwork through a rotating limiting device. The bottom hinge pins of the two box culvert side formworks are connected to the small side wall formwork. The ends of the small side wall formwork overlap with the tunnel invert arch side wall that has been lined. A hydraulic walking mechanism is set between the box culvert side formwork and the tunnel invert arch filling surface. The rotation limiting device includes an upper hinge arm and a lower hinge arm. One end of the upper hinge arm is fixed to the inner side wall of the top end of the box culvert, and one end of the lower hinge arm is fixed to the inner side wall of the upper end of the box culvert side mold. The other ends of the lower hinge arm and the upper hinge arm are hinged together, and a limiting component is provided between the upper hinge arm and the lower hinge arm. The limiting assembly includes a movable cylinder and a movable rod. One end of the movable rod is hinged to the horizontal beam of the lower hinge arm, and one end of the movable cylinder is hinged to the horizontal beam of the upper hinge arm. The other end of the movable rod is located inside the sliding cylinder. At least two clearance grooves are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the movable rod. An elastic bending member is provided in the clearance groove. A receiving groove is provided on the back of the elastic bending member. A positioning rod is provided in the receiving groove. One end of the positioning rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove. A first opening groove and a second opening groove that cooperate with each other are provided on the side wall of the positioning rod and the inner wall of the receiving groove. A compression spring is provided between the opening groove and the notch. A limiting ring is also sleeved on the outer wall of the movable rod. The limiting ring is located outside the positioning rod. The movable cylinder has symmetrical sliding holes on its side wall. Both the inner and outer sides of the sliding holes are provided with inclined surfaces to facilitate the sliding of the elastic bending parts. An annular plate is provided on the side wall of the movable cylinder, and an annular groove is provided above the annular plate. When the positioning rod is opened, its bottom abuts against the annular groove.

2. The self-propelled hydraulic gantry-less box culvert tunnel formwork trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic traveling mechanism includes two traveling beams, both of which are connected to two box culvert side molds via triangular support plates. Traveling sliders are installed below the traveling beams, and the traveling beams and traveling sliders are connected by traveling cylinders.

3. The self-propelled hydraulic gantry-less box culvert tunnel formwork trolley according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydraulic walking mechanism also includes a lifting support and a translating slider. The upper part of the lifting support is connected to the end of the walking beam via a hinged support, and the lower part of the lifting support is connected to the translating slider via a lifting cylinder. The translating slider is slidably connected to the translating base.

4. The self-propelled hydraulic gantry-less box culvert tunnel formwork trolley according to claim 3, characterized in that, A translation cylinder is installed between the translation slider and the translation base. The bottom of the translation cylinder and the translation base are connected by a pin, and the piston end of the translation cylinder and the translation slider are connected by a pin.

5. A self-propelled hydraulic gantry-less box culvert tunnel formwork trolley according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower side wall of the box culvert side formwork is connected to the tunnel invert arch filling surface by a template support fixing screw, and the bottom of the lower side formwork of the box culvert side formwork is connected to the invert arch side wall by a side formwork ground support screw.

6. A self-propelled hydraulic gantry-less box culvert tunnel formwork trolley according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top side wall of the movable rod is provided with a mounting groove, and a screw is provided in the mounting groove. A return spring is provided between the bottom of the screw and the inner end wall of the mounting groove. The side wall of the movable cylinder is provided with a fixing hole, and the inner wall of the movable cylinder is provided with a notch that connects to the fixing hole. When the movable rod moves to the inner end of the movable cylinder, the screw passes through the fixing hole and is partially located outside the fixing hole. The part of the screw located outside the fixing hole is fixed by a nut.

7. The construction method of a self-propelled hydraulic gantry-less box culvert tunnel formwork trolley according to claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Positioning the trolley First, the translation cylinder pushes the translation slider to slide on the translation base. The translation slider drives the lifting cylinder, the traveling beam, and the box culvert side mold to rotate and open around the hinge of the upper and lower hinge arms. During the opening process, the movable rod moves into the movable cylinder, and the end of the elastic bending part bends outward and slides into the sliding hole. As the movable rod moves upward, the end of the elastic bending part extends outward from the sliding hole. The positioning rod in the receiving groove loses its limit and is opened by the compression spring. The bottom abuts against the inner wall of the annular groove, and the outer wall is close to the side wall of the annular groove. At the same time, the screw passes through the fixing hole and is partially located outside the fixing hole. The part of the screw located outside the fixing hole is fixed by the nut, thus realizing the fixed connection between the box culvert top mold and the box culvert side mold. The overall height of the trolley is adjusted to the height of the tunnel lining profile by lifting the hydraulic cylinder; The centerline of the trolley is adjusted to coincide with the centerline of the tunnel lining profile by translating the hydraulic cylinder; Use the template support and fixing screws to open up the small side wall template and overlap it with the already lined invert arch side wall of the tunnel. The trolley is supported and fixed as a whole by using a box culvert-type side mold ground support screw; The template is used to support the trolley with a screw rod, so that the trolley forms a closed ring, and then the secondary lining of the tunnel can begin. Step 2: Demolding the trolley After the secondary lining of the tunnel is completed, first remove the connecting nuts between the box culvert top formwork and the box culvert side formwork on the left side, then remove the formwork support fixing screws, and remove the box culvert side formwork ground support screws. Press the screw into the fixing hole, retract the positioning rod into the receiving groove, and at the same time use the translation cylinder to retract the translation slider and the lifting cylinder to drive the retraction of the traveling beam and the box culvert side mold, thus completing the demolding of the left box culvert side mold. Similarly, the demolding of the right box culvert side mold is completed. Retract the lifting cylinder so that the box culvert side mold can be driven to demold the box culvert top mold through the hinge of the upper and lower hinge arms, thus completing the overall demolding of the trolley. Step 3: The trolley moves The trolley can move in the demolded state. The lifting cylinder retracts, so that the moving slider touches the ground. Then it retracts another 100mm, so that the translation base is lifted off the ground. The moving cylinder retracts, and the trolley moving beam slides forward on the moving slider, so that the trolley moves forward as a whole. After the travel cylinder retracts, the lifting cylinder extends, allowing the translation base to touch the ground. It continues to extend, lifting the travel slider off the ground. The travel cylinder extends, allowing the travel slider to slide forward along the travel beam until the travel cylinder is fully extended. Then repeat step 3 of the trolley travel operation to move the trolley to the next lining section.

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