Parathyroid gland identification method, electronic device, and storage medium based on autofluorescence

Abstract

The present invention relates to a parathyroid gland identification method, device, and medium based on autofluorescence. The method includes the following steps: controlling the flashing of a laser by outputting a signal; acquiring an external environmental signal and a parathyroid gland fluorescence signal within a preset laser stroboscopic period; performing differential processing on the external environmental signal and the parathyroid gland fluorescence signal to eliminate the interference factor of ambient light; comparing the processing result with a set threshold value, and issuing an alarm if the processing result exceeds the set threshold value. The present invention uses the flashing of the laser to collect the fluorescence signal generated by the combined influence of the laser and ambient light when the laser is on, and to collect the fluorescence signal generated by the ambient light when the laser is off, performing differential processing on the two to eliminate the interference factor of ambient light. There is no need to turn off the shadowless lamp, and the operation is simple. The method can quickly and in real time provide an alarm prompt, avoiding the waiting time for the response and the influence of image observation differences, so as to facilitate doctors to obtain rapid identification results of parathyroid gland information during surgery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of parathyroid gland detection, and in particular to a parathyroid gland identification method, electronic equipment, and storage medium based on autofluorescence. Background Art

[0002] Surgical treatment for thyroid cancer involves resection of the diseased thyroid gland and clearance of surrounding lymph nodes. The postoperative recurrence rate is correlated with the degree of surgical radicalization, and some patients with incomplete resection require additional surgery for additional radical treatment. Thyroidectomy often involves damage to the parathyroid glands. The parathyroid glands are anatomically located within the thyroid gland and are primarily responsible for secreting PTH to maintain calcium-phosphorus balance, making them a crucial secretory organ for regulating metabolism. Due to anatomical issues, parathyroid gland damage is common during radical thyroidectomy. Injury can occur due to contusion, thermal injury, or impaired blood supply. Even inadvertent resection during surgery can cause temporary or permanent hypoparathyroidism, leading to numbness in the patient's limbs and lips. In severe cases, this can lead to limb convulsions and loss of mobility. Some patients may experience laryngeal and diaphragmatic spasms, seriously threatening their lives. Therefore, how to effectively protect the parathyroid glands during radical thyroidectomy to minimize hypoparathyroidism is a serious concern for every thyroid surgeon.

[0003] The identification of normal parathyroid glands during traditional radical thyroidectomy relies heavily on the surgeon's clinical surgical experience. Novice surgeons and those at primary care hospitals lack surgical experience, making it difficult to achieve consistent surgical outcomes and resulting in varying prognoses. Therefore, the use of medical technology to assist in the identification of parathyroid glands is of great clinical significance. With advances in medical technology, various clinical identification technologies have emerged, among which near-infrared fluorescence imaging has emerged as a rapidly emerging force in clinical surgery. However, this requires repeated turning off of operating room lights and shadowless surgical lamps to obtain near-infrared autofluorescence images. The surgeon's need to alternate lines of sight during the operation makes it difficult to maintain consistent images after imaging, leading to inaccurate identification and positioning of the parathyroid glands. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other advantages according to the present invention, a first object of the present invention is to provide a parathyroid gland identification method based on autofluorescence, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Control the laser flashing through the output signal;

[0006] Acquire external environmental signals and parathyroid fluorescence signals within a preset laser stroboscopic period;

[0007] Performing differential processing on the external environment signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal to eliminate interference factors of ambient light;

[0008] The processing result is compared with the set threshold, and if the processing result exceeds the set threshold, an alarm is issued.

[0009] Furthermore, controlling the laser flashing by outputting a signal comprises the following steps:

[0010] Determine whether an input signal is received;

[0011] If yes, the input signal is processed to obtain an output signal;

[0012] The laser flashing is controlled by the output signal.

[0013] Further, the determining whether an input signal is received includes determining whether a handle switch closing signal is received, and the handle switch closing signal is a high level signal.

[0014] Furthermore, the processing the input signal to obtain the output signal includes processing the input signal according to a set interruption time to obtain the output signal.

[0015] Furthermore, performing difference processing on the external environment signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal to eliminate interference factors of ambient light includes the following steps:

[0016] Preprocessing the external environment signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal;

[0017] The pre-processed external environment signal and parathyroid fluorescence signal are subjected to summation and difference operations.

[0018] Furthermore, the pre-processing of the external environment signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal includes performing signal amplification processing, noise interference removal, photoelectric conversion and AD conversion on the external environment signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal respectively.

[0019] Furthermore, the performing of summation and difference operations on the pre-processed external environment signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal comprises the following steps:

[0020] Eliminate the parathyroid fluorescence signals at the first preset time and the last preset time when the laser is turned on in the processed preset laser stroboscopic cycle;

[0021] Dividing the parathyroid fluorescence signal of the remaining time when the laser is turned on into a plurality of segments, summing the data of each segment to obtain a plurality of first summation results;

[0022] Eliminate the external environmental signals at the first preset time and the last preset time when the laser is turned off in the processed preset laser stroboscopic cycle;

[0023] The parathyroid fluorescence signal of the remaining time when the laser is turned off is divided into a plurality of segments, and the data of each segment is summed to obtain a plurality of second summation results;

[0024] Subtract the first summation results from the second summation results in sequence to obtain a vertical coordinate.

[0025] Furthermore, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0026] The average value of adjacent pixel points is calculated using the averaging method to obtain smoothed data;

[0027] The smoothed data is displayed in real time.

[0028] A second object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device comprising: a memory having a program code stored thereon; a processor connected to the memory and implementing a parathyroid gland identification method based on autofluorescence when the program code is executed by the processor.

[0029] A third object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium having program instructions stored thereon, which implement a parathyroid gland identification method based on autofluorescence when the program instructions are executed.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The present invention provides a parathyroid gland identification method based on autofluorescence, which solves the problems of inaccurate parathyroid gland positioning and identification, inability to identify parathyroid glands quickly and in real time, and easy to cause accidental injuries in existing thyroid surgery.

[0032] The present invention collects the fluorescent signal generated by the combined influence of laser and ambient light when the laser is on through the flashing of laser, and collects the fluorescent signal generated by ambient light when the laser is off, and performs difference processing on the two to eliminate the interference factor of ambient light. There is no need to turn off the shadowless lamp, and the operation is simple.

[0033] The present invention can quickly and in real time give an alarm prompt, avoiding the waiting time for response and the influence of image observation differences, so as to facilitate doctors to obtain rapid identification results of parathyroid information during surgery, and provide a better solution for protecting parathyroid function.

[0034] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the description, the following preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation methods of the present invention are given in detail by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the parathyroid gland identification method based on autofluorescence in Example 1;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of laser stroboscopic implementation in Example 1;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of signal summation and differential operations in Example 1;

[0039] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the smoothing process of the real-time waveform in Example 1;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to Example 2;

[0041] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the storage medium of Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Parathyroid gland identification methods based on autofluorescence, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0045] The laser flashing is controlled by outputting a signal; specifically, the following steps are included:

[0046] Determine whether an input signal is received; Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment determines whether a handle switch closing signal is received, and the handle switch closing signal is a high level signal. That is, the handle switch is closed, and the high level signal is used as the input signal.

[0047] If yes, the input signal is processed to obtain an output signal. Specifically, the input signal is processed according to the set intermittent time, and the high and low switching output signals are obtained after processing to turn the laser on or off. The laser flashes according to the set intermittent time.

[0048] The laser flashing is controlled by the output signal.

[0049] The external environment signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal within the preset laser stroboscopic period are obtained; by flashing the laser, the fluorescence signal generated by the combined influence of the laser and the ambient light is collected when the laser is on, that is, the parathyroid fluorescence signal mentioned above; and the fluorescence signal generated by the ambient light is collected when the laser is off, that is, the external environment signal mentioned above.

[0050] Perform differential processing on the external environmental signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal to eliminate the interference factor of the ambient light; specifically, the following steps are included:

[0051] The external environment signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal are preprocessed; specifically, the external environment signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal are amplified, noise interference is removed, photoelectric conversion and AD conversion are performed on them respectively.

[0052] Perform summation and difference operations on the pre-processed external environment signal and parathyroid fluorescence signal. Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0053] Eliminate the parathyroid fluorescence signals at the first preset time and the last preset time when the laser is turned on in the processed preset laser stroboscopic cycle;

[0054] Dividing the parathyroid fluorescence signal of the remaining time when the laser is turned on into a plurality of segments, summing the data of each segment to obtain a plurality of first summation results;

[0055] Eliminate the external environmental signals at the first preset time and the last preset time when the laser is turned off in the processed preset laser stroboscopic cycle;

[0056] The parathyroid fluorescence signal of the remaining time when the laser is turned off is divided into a plurality of segments, and the data of each segment is summed to obtain a plurality of second summation results;

[0057] Subtract the first summation results from the second summation results in sequence to obtain a vertical coordinate.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, long press the handle switch, the laser flashes, and the preset laser strobe cycle is 1 second, of which 0.5 seconds are on and 0.5 seconds are off. The first 0.1 second of the first 0.5 seconds is eliminated, and the middle 0.2 seconds to 0.4 seconds data is divided into 5 segments, and each segment of data is summed to obtain S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5 values. The 0.5 second data is eliminated; the first 0.1 second of the last 0.5 seconds is eliminated, and the middle 0.2 seconds to 0.4 seconds data is divided into 5 segments, and each segment of data is summed to obtain S6, S7, and S8 values. 7、 S8, S9, S 10 value, remove the 0.5 second data; make the difference: ΔS i =S1-S6, S2-S 7， S3-S 8， S4-S9, S5-S 10 , and obtain the vertical coordinate ΔS every 0.2 seconds i , the overall waveform is delayed by 1 second.

[0059] The processing result is compared with the set threshold. If the processing result exceeds the set threshold, an alarm will be issued.

[0060] In this embodiment, the display screen of the parathyroid detector displays the real-time signal waveform, such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the average value of the adjacent pixels is calculated using the averaging method to obtain the smoothed data. The number of neighbors can be selected according to actual needs to adjust the smoothing effect.

[0061] The smoothed data is displayed in real time. It does not require the display of near-infrared autofluorescence images, but directly detects the fluorescence signal, displays an alarm on the interface, and uses a buzzer alarm to indicate the location of the parathyroid gland.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] An electronic device 200, such as Figure 5 As shown, the apparatus includes, but is not limited to, a memory 201 storing program code; and a processor 202 connected to the memory. When the program code is executed by the processor, the method for identifying parathyroid glands based on autofluorescence is implemented. For a detailed description of the method, please refer to the corresponding description in the above method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] A computer-readable storage medium such as Figure 6 As shown, program instructions are stored thereon, and when the program instructions are executed, a parathyroid gland identification method based on autofluorescence is implemented. For a detailed description of the method, reference can be made to the corresponding description in the above method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0066] It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0067] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0068] The above are merely examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit one or more embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations of one or more embodiments of the present invention may be made. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of the present invention shall be included within the scope of the claims of one or more embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that Program instructions are stored thereon, and when the program instructions are executed, a parathyroid gland identification method based on autofluorescence is implemented, the method comprising the following steps: Control the laser flashing through the output signal; Acquire external environmental signals and parathyroid fluorescence signals within a preset laser stroboscopic period; Performing differential processing on the external environment signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal to eliminate interference factors of ambient light; Compare the processing result with the set threshold value, and issue an alarm if the processing result exceeds the set threshold value; The method of controlling the laser flashing by outputting a signal comprises the following steps: Determine whether an input signal is received; If yes, the input signal is processed to obtain an output signal; The laser flashing is controlled by the output signal; The determining whether the input signal is received includes determining whether a handle switch closing signal is received, wherein the handle switch closing signal is a high level signal; The step of performing differential processing on the external environment signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal to eliminate the interference factor of ambient light comprises the following steps: Preprocessing the external environment signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal; Performing summation and difference operations on the pre-processed external environment signal and parathyroid fluorescence signal; The step of performing summation and difference calculation on the pre-processed external environment signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal comprises the following steps: Eliminate the parathyroid fluorescence signals at the first preset time and the last preset time when the laser is turned on in the processed preset laser stroboscopic cycle; Dividing the parathyroid fluorescence signal of the remaining time when the laser is turned on into a plurality of segments, summing the data of each segment to obtain a plurality of first summation results; Eliminate the external environmental signals at the first preset time and the last preset time when the laser is turned off in the processed preset laser stroboscopic cycle; The parathyroid fluorescence signal of the remaining time when the laser is turned off is divided into a plurality of segments, and the data of each segment is summed to obtain a plurality of second summation results; Subtract the first summation results from the second summation results in sequence to obtain a vertical coordinate.

2. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein: The processing of the input signal to obtain the output signal includes processing the input signal according to a set interruption time to obtain the output signal.

3. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1 , wherein: The preprocessing of the external environment signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal includes performing signal amplification processing, noise interference removal, photoelectric conversion and AD conversion on the external environment signal and the parathyroid fluorescence signal respectively.

4. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein: The following steps are also included: The average value of adjacent pixel points is calculated using the averaging method to obtain smoothed data; The smoothed data is displayed in real time.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory, wherein the memory comprises the computer-readable storage medium according to any one of claims 1 to 4; A processor is connected to the memory, and when the program instructions are executed by the processor, the parathyroid gland identification method based on autofluorescence is implemented.

Images