A device and method for producing group ii base oil by treating raffinate oil with silica gel

Abstract

The application discloses a device for producing type II base oil by treating raffinate oil with silica gel, which comprises a mixing mechanism for mixing the raffinate oil and the silica gel; wherein the mixing mechanism comprises a shell, a shell cover for blocking the top of the shell, a discharge port arranged at the bottom of the shell, and a placing box movably arranged in the inner cavity of the shell and used for placing the silica gel; one side of the placing box is detachably provided with a box cover; through holes are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the placing box; the diameter of the through holes is smaller than the particle size of the silica gel in the placing box; and the shell is provided with a driving assembly for driving the placing box to move up and down. According to the technical scheme, the silica gel is placed in the placing box, the placing box is driven by the driving assembly to enter the shell and contact with the raffinate oil in the shell, and after subsequent adsorption, the placing box is driven by the driving assembly to leave the shell, thereby achieving the function of solid-liquid separation; and the subsequent treatment of the adsorbed silica gel and the adsorbed raffinate oil is facilitated, and the burden of manual treatment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste lubricating oil treatment technology, specifically to an apparatus and method for producing Group II base oils by treating raffinate oil with silica gel. Background Technology

[0002] Lubricating oil is composed of base oil and a certain amount of additives. After a period of use, lubricating oil will lose its normal function due to the introduction of impurities and the deterioration of additives, becoming waste lubricating oil. With the development of technology and the increasing environmental protection requirements, waste lubricating oil can be processed to obtain recycled base oil. The specific steps are as follows: first, distillation is carried out under reduced pressure to produce distillate oil, and then the distillate oil is extracted with the polar solvent NMP (N-Methyl pyrrolidone) to obtain raffinate oil (90% oil + 10% NMP) and extractant oil (90% NMP + 10% oil). The raffinate oil can be treated with silica gel adsorption to obtain Group II base oil.

[0003] Currently, the adsorption of raffinate oil using silica gel involves mixing silica gel and raffinate oil in a mixing device, allowing the silica gel to adsorb non-ideal components in the raffinate oil. Traditional mixing devices mostly involve directly adding silica gel to the raffinate oil, which makes subsequent collection of the adsorbed silica gel and the adsorbed raffinate oil inconvenient, increasing the burden of manual post-processing. Therefore, we propose an apparatus and method for producing Group II base oils using silica gel to treat raffinate oil. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for producing Group II base oils by treating raffinate with silica gel, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An apparatus for producing Group II base oils using silica gel to treat raffinate oil includes a mixing mechanism for mixing the raffinate oil and silica gel; wherein,

[0007] The mixing mechanism includes a housing, a cover sealing the top of the housing, a discharge port at the bottom of the housing, and a movable placement box inside the housing for placing silica gel. The housing is equipped with a heating device, the discharge port is equipped with a valve body, and a detachable cover is provided on one side of the placement box. The outer wall of the placement box has uniformly distributed through holes, the diameter of which is smaller than the particle size of the silica gel inside the placement box. The housing is equipped with a drive assembly that drives the placement box to move up and down, and the cover is equipped with a gas control unit driven by the drive assembly, which is used to extract the gas inside the housing and inject protective gas into the housing after the drive assembly drives the placement box downward.

[0008] A further improvement is that the drive assembly includes a slide rail vertically mounted on the inner wall of one side of the housing, a support frame mounted on the top of the slide rail, a servo motor mounted on the support frame, a reducer mounted on the output end of the servo motor, a stud mounted on the output end of the reducer, and a sliding seat slidably mounted on the outer wall of the slide rail and threaded onto the outer wall of the stud. One end of the slide rail is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the housing, and the other end extends to the top of the housing. The support frame is connected to the housing cover through an elastic element. The bottom end of the stud extends to the bottom of the inner cavity of the housing. The placement box is detachably mounted on one side of the sliding seat.

[0009] When the servo motor drives the reducer to rotate the stud in the first direction, the placement box contacts the cover upward and drives the cover upward until the placement box is above the housing; when the servo motor drives the reducer to rotate the stud in the second direction, the placement box enters the housing, and at this time, the cover closes the housing under the action of the elastic element.

[0010] The first direction and the second direction are two opposite directions of rotation.

[0011] A further improvement is that the gas control unit includes a gas supply base, fan blades, a flexible telescopic rod, a driven gear, an exhaust pipe, and a gas purification device;

[0012] The gas supply base is mounted on the shell cover via a bracket. The first air inlet of the gas supply base is connected to the gas source for supplying protective gas via a pipe 1. The second air inlet is connected to the inner cavity of the shell cover via a pipe 2. A one-way valve is installed in the first pipe, and a solenoid valve is installed in the second pipe. A touch switch for controlling the solenoid valve is embedded at the bottom of the shell cover and contacts the shell. The fan blade is located inside the gas supply base. One end of the elastic telescopic rod is connected to the fan blade, and the other end extends above the gas supply base. The driven gear is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable section of the elastic telescopic rod located above the gas supply base. The output end of the servo motor is sleeved with a driving gear that meshes with the driven gear. One end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the outlet of the gas supply base, and the other end is connected to the input end of the gas purification device. The exhaust pipe has a valve body, and the gas purification device is located on the shell cover.

[0013] When the placement box moves downwards to close the shell, the driven gear meshes with the driving gear, the touch switch controls the solenoid valve to open, and at the same time the driving gear drives the driven gear to drive the elastic telescopic rod to rotate the fan blades, drawing the air in the shell out of the second pipe and expelling it through the exhaust pipe into the gas purification device.

[0014] A further improvement is that the gas control unit also includes a conversion drive and a control assembly;

[0015] The conversion drive is located on the housing cover and is used to cooperate with the drive gear to change the rotation direction of the fan blades. The control component is located on the outer wall of the housing and is used to control the engagement of the conversion drive with the drive gear.

[0016] A further improvement is that the conversion drive component includes an auxiliary gear, a spring, an electromagnetic block, and a contact rod;

[0017] The auxiliary gear is located at the top of a rotating shaft, which is movably inserted into an L-shaped frame, which is mounted on a support frame. The bottom end of the rotating shaft is provided with a connecting block via a bearing. A spring is used to connect the L-shaped frame and the connecting block. An electromagnetic block is located on the L-shaped frame, and a permanent magnet is provided on the connecting block at the position corresponding to the electromagnetic block. One end of the contact rod is connected to the top of the rotating shaft, and the other end is movably abutting against the bottom of the driven gear. The outer wall of the fixed section of the elastic telescopic rod is fitted with a linkage gear corresponding to the driving gear.

[0018] When the electromagnetic block is energized, it attracts the permanent magnet block, which drives the connecting block to move the rotating shaft upward, so that the auxiliary gear is between the driving gear and the linkage gear and meshes with the driving gear and the linkage gear respectively. At the same time, the contact rod pushes the driven gear upward with the rotating shaft to disengage from the driving gear.

[0019] A further improvement is that the control component includes an assembly tube disposed on one side of the housing and communicating with the inner cavity of the housing. Both the inner and outer ends of the inner cavity of the assembly tube are provided with limiting ring parts. A T-shaped rod is inserted into the limiting ring part. A spring 2 for connecting the T-shaped rod and the limiting ring part is sleeved on the outer wall of the T-shaped rod. The two sets of T-shaped rods are connected to a movable plate at opposite ends. The movable plate is adapted to the inner cavity of the assembly tube and is movably disposed in the center of the inner cavity of the assembly tube. Pressure sensor 1 and pressure sensor 2 for contacting the movable plate are respectively embedded on the side of the limiting ring part facing the movable plate at the inner and outer ends.

[0020] It also includes a control module and an indicator light. Pressure sensor one and pressure sensor two are used to receive pressure signals from the movable plate and send the pressure signals to the control module. The control module receives the pressure signal from pressure sensor one and controls the electromagnetic block to open, the servo motor to close and open within a preset time. The control module receives the pressure signal from pressure sensor two and controls the electromagnetic block to close and the indicator light to turn on.

[0021] A further improvement is that a waterproof, oil-proof, and breathable membrane is provided at the end of the second pipe away from the air supply seat; a follower shaft is inserted into the cover; a wiper blade is fitted on the outer wall of the follower shaft; the wiper blade is in contact with the bottom of the waterproof, oil-proof, and breathable membrane; a torsion spring is provided at the connection between the follower shaft and the cover; a contact gear is fitted on the outer wall of the follower shaft; a toothed gear that meshes with the contact gear is fitted on the outer wall of the fixed section of the elastic telescopic rod; and a blocking bracket for contacting the placement box is provided at the bottom of the cover and outside the wiper blade.

[0022] A further improvement is that the ratio of the number of teeth of the driving gear, driven gear, and auxiliary gear is 6:2:1.

[0023] A method for producing Group II base oils using silica gel to treat raffinate oil, utilizing the aforementioned apparatus, specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] S1: Add the residual oil into the shell from the top of the shell, open the box cover and put 5-10% of the mass of the residual oil into the box with silica gel;

[0025] S2: The drive assembly is opened to drive the placement box downward into the housing. At the same time, the drive assembly also drives the gas control unit to first extract the air in the housing during the process of driving the placement box downward. Then, a protective gas is introduced into the housing. The protective gas is nitrogen or an inert gas. The drive assembly is closed after the placement box reaches the preset position. At this time, the residual oil is immersed in the residual oil.

[0026] S3: The adsorption temperature is controlled at 120-200℃ by a heating device, and the silica gel adsorption treatment time for residual oil is 4-6 hours.

[0027] S4: After adsorption treatment, the liquid is discharged from the outlet to obtain Group II base oil.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. This technical solution involves placing silica gel in a placement box and driving the placement box into the housing via a drive component to contact the residual oil inside the housing. After subsequent adsorption, the drive component drives the placement box away from the housing, achieving solid-liquid separation. This facilitates subsequent manual processing of the adsorbed silica gel and the adsorbed residual oil, reducing the manual processing burden. Simultaneously, when the drive component drives the placement box downwards, the gas inside the housing is extracted and a protective gas is injected into the housing, improving both the silica gel adsorption quality and the quality of the silica gel adsorbing the residual oil.

[0030] 2. This technical solution involves adding 5-10% silica gel by mass of the raffinate to the raffinate. The relatively large proportion of silica gel allows it to bind with the polar functional groups of non-ideal components in the raffinate through hydrogen bonds. This results in the silica gel adsorbing a significant amount of these non-ideal components, leading to high-quality adsorption treatment of the raffinate. Furthermore, because the silica gel adsorbs a large amount of non-ideal components in the raffinate, it has high value for subsequent treatment to restore its activity and allow for reuse, thus reducing the cost of using the silica gel. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of structure A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the shell cover structure in this invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the control component structure in this invention;

[0036] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the structure.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Housing cover; 3. Discharge port; 4. Slide rail; 5. Support frame; 6. Servo motor; 7. Reducer; 8. Drive gear; 9. Sliding seat; 10. Placement box; 11. Box cover; 12. Stud; 13. Elastic telescopic rod; 14. Air supply seat; 15. Driven gear; 16. Exhaust pipe; 17. Gas purification device; 18. Auxiliary gear; 19. Contact rod; 20. Spring 1; 21. Electromagnetic block; 22. Touch switch; 23. Assembly tube; 24. Limiting ring; 25. T-shaped rod; 26. Spring 2; 27. Movable plate; 28. Pressure sensor 1; 29. ​​Pressure sensor 2; 30. Waterproof, oil-proof, and breathable membrane; 31. Scraper; 32. Follower shaft; 33. Blocking frame; 34. Indicator light; 35. Gear with missing tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Please see the appendix Figure 1 An apparatus for producing Group II base oils using silica gel to treat raffinate oil includes a mixing mechanism for mixing the raffinate oil and silica gel; wherein,

[0041] The mixing mechanism includes a housing 1, a cover 2 that seals the top of the housing 1, a discharge port 3 located at the bottom of the housing 1, and a placement box 10 movably located inside the housing 1 for placing silica gel. By placing silica gel in the placement box 10, and then adding the raffinate oil to be treated from the top of the housing 1, the drive assembly drives the placement box 10 downward so that the silica gel comes into contact with the raffinate oil for adsorption treatment. The liquid discharged from the discharge port 3 will not discharge silica gel, which also facilitates the treatment of the adsorbed silica gel. A heating device (not shown in the figure) is provided inside the housing 1, and a valve body is provided inside the discharge port 3. A cover 11 is detachably provided on one side of the placement box 10. Through holes are evenly opened on the outer wall of the placement box 10. The diameter of the through holes is smaller than the particle size of the silica gel inside the placement box 10. A drive assembly is provided on the housing 1 to drive the placement box 10 to move up and down. A gas control unit driven by the drive assembly is provided on the cover 2 for extracting the gas in the housing 1 and injecting protective gas into the housing 1 when the drive assembly drives the placement box 10 downward.

[0042] Please see the appendix Figure 2-4 Preferably, the drive assembly of this embodiment includes a slide rail 4 vertically disposed on the inner wall of one side of the housing 1, a support frame 5 disposed on the top of the slide rail 4, a servo motor 6 disposed on the support frame 5, a reducer 7 disposed at the output end of the servo motor 6, a stud 12 disposed at the output end of the reducer 7, and a sliding seat 9 slidably disposed on the outer wall of the slide rail 4 and threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the stud 12. One end of the slide rail 4 is placed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the housing 1, and the other end extends to the top of the housing 1 so that the placement box 10 can be moved to the top of the housing 1. The support frame 5 is connected to the housing cover 2 through an elastic element. The housing cover 2 can be moved upward under the drive of the placement box 10 or downward under the drive of the elastic element. The bottom end of the stud 12 extends to the bottom of the inner cavity of the housing 1, and the placement box 10 is detachably disposed on one side of the sliding seat 9.

[0043] When the servo motor 6 drives the reducer 7 to rotate the stud 12 in the first direction, the placement box 10 contacts the cover 2 and drives the cover 2 to move upward until the placement box 10 is above the housing 1, so that the cover 11 can be opened manually to take out or put in silicone. When the servo motor 6 drives the reducer 7 to rotate the stud 12 in the second direction, the placement box 10 enters the housing 1. At this time, the cover 2 closes the housing 1 under the action of the elastic element. Under the action of the reducer 7, the placement box 10 enters and exits the housing 1 at the required speed. During this time, the gas control unit can extract the gas in the housing 1 and inject protective gas into the housing 1.

[0044] The first direction and the second direction are two opposite directions of rotation, namely clockwise and counterclockwise.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, the gas control unit includes a gas supply base 14, a fan blade, an elastic telescopic rod 13, a driven gear 15, an exhaust pipe 16, and a gas purification device 17.

[0046] The gas supply seat 14 is mounted on the cover 2 via a bracket. The first air inlet of the gas supply seat 14 is connected to the gas source for supplying protective gas through a pipe 1. The second air inlet is connected to the inner cavity of the cover 2 through a pipe 2. A one-way valve is provided in the pipe 1 and a solenoid valve is provided in the pipe 2. A touch switch 22 is embedded at the bottom of the cover 2 and contacts the cover 1 to control the solenoid valve. The fan blade is located inside the gas supply seat 14. One end of the elastic telescopic rod 13 is connected to the fan blade, and the other end extends above the gas supply seat 14. The driven gear 15 is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable section of the elastic telescopic rod 13 located above the gas supply seat 14. The output end of the servo motor 6 is sleeved with the driving gear 8 that meshes with the driven gear 15. One end of the exhaust pipe 16 is connected to the outlet of the gas supply seat 14, and the other end is connected to the input end of the gas purification device 17. The exhaust pipe 16 has a valve body. The gas purification device 17 is located on the cover 2.

[0047] When the placement box 10 moves downwards to close the housing 1 with the cover 2, the driven gear 15 meshes with the driving gear 8. The touch switch 22 controls the solenoid valve to open. Simultaneously, the driving gear 8 drives the driven gear 15, which in turn drives the elastic telescopic rod 13 to rotate the fan blades, drawing air from the housing 1 through the second pipe and discharging it through the exhaust pipe 16 into the gas purification device 17. With this configuration, when the placement box 10 enters the housing 1 and the cover 2 closes the housing 1, the rotational force of the servo motor 6 is transmitted to the driven gear 15 via the driving gear 8. This causes the driven gear 15 to drive the elastic telescopic rod 13, causing the fan blades to rotate in the opposite direction to the stud 12 within the air supply seat 14, thus processing and discharging the air from the housing 1.

[0048] Preferably, the gas control unit in this embodiment further includes a conversion drive and a control assembly;

[0049] The conversion drive is located on the housing cover 2 and is used to cooperate with the drive gear 8 to change the rotation direction of the fan blades. The control component is located on the outer wall of the housing 1 and is used to control the engagement of the conversion drive with the drive gear 8. The conversion drive causes the fan blades to rotate in the same direction as the stud 12, thereby drawing in protective gas from one pipe and discharging it into the housing 1 through another pipe.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment, the conversion drive component includes an auxiliary gear 18, a spring 20, an electromagnetic block 21, and a contact rod 19.

[0051] An auxiliary gear 18 is located at the top of a rotating shaft, which is movably inserted into an L-shaped frame, which is mounted on a support frame 5. A connecting block is provided at the bottom of the rotating shaft via a bearing. A spring 20 is used to connect the L-shaped frame and the connecting block. An electromagnetic block 21 is located on the L-shaped frame, and a permanent magnet is provided on the connecting block at the position corresponding to the electromagnetic block 21. One end of a contact rod 19 is connected to the top of the rotating shaft, and the other end is movably abutted against the bottom of the driven gear 15. A linkage gear corresponding to the driving gear 8 is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed section of the elastic telescopic rod 13.

[0052] When the electromagnetic block 21 is energized, it attracts the permanent magnet block, causing the connecting block to move the rotating shaft upwards. This positions the auxiliary gear 18 between the driving gear 8 and the linkage gear, engaging with both gears. Simultaneously, the contact rod 19 pushes the driven gear 15 upwards with the rotating shaft, disengaging it from the driving gear 8. This arrangement allows the driving gear 8 to drive the auxiliary gear 18, which in turn drives the linkage gear, causing the elastic telescopic rod 13 to rotate the fan blades in the same direction as the stud 12.

[0053] Please see the appendix Figure 5-6 As a preferred embodiment, the control component includes an assembly tube 23 disposed on one side of the housing 1 and communicating with the inner cavity of the housing 1. The inner and outer ends of the inner cavity of the assembly tube 23 are provided with limiting ring members 24. A T-shaped rod 25 is inserted into the limiting ring member 24. A spring 26 for connecting the T-shaped rod 25 and the limiting ring member 24 is sleeved on the outer wall of the T-shaped rod 25. The two sets of T-shaped rods 25 are connected to a movable plate 27 at opposite ends. The movable plate 27 is adapted to the inner cavity of the assembly tube 23 and is movably disposed in the center of the inner cavity of the assembly tube 23. A pressure sensor 28 and a pressure sensor 29 for contacting the movable plate 27 are respectively embedded on the side of the limiting ring member 24 facing the movable plate 27.

[0054] It also includes a control module and an indicator light 34. Pressure sensors 28 and 29 are used to receive pressure signals from the movable plate 27 and send them to the control module. The control module receives the pressure signal from pressure sensor 28 and controls the solenoid block 21 to open, the servo motor 6 to close and then open within a preset time. The control module receives the pressure signal from pressure sensor 29 and controls the solenoid block 21 to close and the indicator light 34 to open. When the air inside the housing 1 is extracted, a negative pressure is generated inside the housing 1, causing the movable plate 27 to move towards the inner end of the limiting ring 24. When the movable plate 27 touches the pressure sensor 28 on the inner end of the limiting ring 24, the pressure sensor 28 sends a signal to the control module. The control module controls the solenoid block 21 to open, so that the air supply seat 14 injects protective gas into the housing 1, and at the same time, the servo motor 6 closes and reopens after about 3-10 seconds. It should be noted that the control module can be a product of the art. The widely used PLC controller has a timing module. When the electromagnetic block 21 is opened, the servo motor 6 is temporarily shut down and then restarted to ensure stable meshing between the auxiliary gear 18, the drive gear 8, and the linkage gear. Protective gas is injected into the housing 1, gradually increasing the inner cavity of the housing 1. At the same time, the movable plate 27 moves towards the outer limit ring 24. When the movable plate 27 touches the pressure sensor 29 on the outer limit ring 24, the pressure sensor 29 sends a signal to the control module. The control module controls the electromagnetic block 21 to close and triggers the reminder light 34 to light up. At this time, the operator can turn off the servo motor 6. At the same time, because the electromagnetic block 21 is closed, the driven gear 15 resets downward and re-meets with the drive gear 8. Subsequently, the placement box 10 moves upward, and the fan blades rotate in the air supply seat 14 to extract the protective gas in the housing 1 and discharge it through the exhaust pipe 16 to the gas purification device 17 for treatment before being discharged.

[0055] Preferably, in this embodiment, the end of the second pipe away from the air supply seat 14 is provided with a waterproof, oil-proof, and breathable membrane 30. The waterproof, oil-proof, and breathable membrane 30 prevents oil inside the housing 1 from being drawn into the second pipe. This is prior art and will not be described in detail here. A follower shaft 32 is inserted into the housing cover 2, and a scraper 31 is fitted on the outer wall of the follower shaft 32. Please refer to the attached document. Figure 4 Initially, the wiper blade 31 is positioned in the middle of the waterproof, oil-proof, and breathable membrane 30. The wiper blade 31 is attached to the bottom of the waterproof, oil-proof, and breathable membrane 30. A torsion spring is provided at the connection between the follower shaft 32 and the cover 2. A contact gear is sleeved on the outer wall of the follower shaft 32. A toothed gear 35 that meshes with the contact gear is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed section of the elastic telescopic rod 13. The rotation of the elastic telescopic rod 13 drives the toothed gear 35. The toothed gear 35 intermittently drives the contact gear to rotate the follower shaft 32, so that the wiper blade 31 scrapes off the liquid on the waterproof, oil-proof, and breathable membrane 30, thereby improving the ventilation effect of the waterproof, oil-proof, and breathable membrane 30.

[0056] The bottom of the cover 2, located outside the wiper blade 31, is provided with a stop bracket 33 for contacting the placement box 10, so that the upward contact of the placement box 10 with the stop bracket 33 does not restrict the rotation of the wiper blade 31.

[0057] Preferably, in this embodiment, the gear ratio of the driving gear 8, the driven gear 15, and the auxiliary gear 18 is 6:2:1, and the speed at which the elastic telescopic rod 13 drives the fan blade to rotate is greater than the speed at which the stud 12 rotates, so as to ensure the efficiency of air extraction and inflation.

[0058] A method for producing Group II base oils using silica gel to treat raffinate oil, utilizing the aforementioned apparatus, specifically includes the following steps:

[0059] S1: Add the residual oil from the top of the shell 1 into the shell 1, open the box cover 11 and put 5-10% of the mass of the residual oil into the placement box 10 with silica gel;

[0060] S2: The drive assembly is opened to drive the placement box 10 downward into the housing 1. At the same time, the drive assembly also drives the gas control unit to first extract the air in the housing 1 during the process of driving the placement box 10 downward. Then, a protective gas is introduced into the housing 1. The protective gas is nitrogen or inert gas. The drive assembly is closed after the placement box 10 reaches the preset position. At this time, the residual oil is immersed in the residual oil.

[0061] S3: The adsorption temperature is controlled at 120-200℃ by a heating device, and the silica gel adsorption treatment time for residual oil is 4-6 hours.

[0062] S4: After adsorption treatment, the liquid is discharged from outlet 3 to obtain Group II base oil.

[0063] Currently, raffinate typically contains 4-8% non-ideal components and 96-98% ideal components. The ideal components are classified as Group II base oils, while the non-ideal components are treated with silica gel adsorption. This application uses a large proportion of silica gel for adsorption, leveraging the hydrogen bonds of silica gel to bind with the polar functional groups in the non-ideal components, utilizing the chemical properties of silica gel. Furthermore, the large proportion of silica gel used results in the adsorption of a significant amount of non-ideal components from the raffinate. Therefore, the silica gel in this application can be reactivated through subsequent treatment, making it reusable. In contrast, existing methods use a smaller proportion of silica gel for adsorption, relying on van der Waals forces, which adsorb fewer non-ideal components from the raffinate. Consequently, the silica gel is generally not treated after adsorption and is recycled. Subsequent treatment to restore the activity of the silica gel for reuse is less valuable, significantly increasing the cost of using the silica gel.

[0064] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An apparatus for producing Group II base oils by treating raffinate oil with silica gel, characterized in that: Includes a mixing mechanism for mixing raffinate oil and silica gel; wherein, The mixing mechanism includes a housing (1), a cover (2) that seals the top of the housing (1), a discharge port (3) located at the bottom of the housing (1), and a placement box (10) movably located in the inner cavity of the housing (1) for placing silica gel. The housing (1) is equipped with a heating device, the discharge port (3) is equipped with a valve body, and a box cover (11) is detachably provided on one side of the placement box (10). The outer wall of the placement box (10) is uniformly provided with through holes, the diameter of which is smaller than the particle size of the silica gel in the placement box (10). The housing (1) is provided with a driving component that drives the placement box (10) to move up and down, and the cover (2) is provided with a gas control unit driven by the driving component, which is used to extract the gas in the housing (1) and inject protective gas into the housing (1) after the driving component drives the placement box (10) downward. The drive assembly includes a slide rail (4) vertically mounted on the inner wall of one side of the housing (1), a support frame (5) mounted on the top of the slide rail (4), a servo motor (6) mounted on the support frame (5), a reducer (7) mounted on the output end of the servo motor (6), a stud (12) mounted on the output end of the reducer (7), and a sliding seat (9) slidably mounted on the outer wall of the slide rail (4) and threaded onto the outer wall of the stud (12). One end of the slide rail (4) is placed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the housing (1), and the other end extends to the top of the housing (1). The support frame (5) is connected to the cover (2) through an elastic element. The bottom end of the stud (12) extends to the bottom of the inner cavity of the housing (1). The placement box (10) is detachably mounted on one side of the sliding seat (9). When the servo motor (6) drives the reducer (7) to rotate the stud (12) in the first direction, the placement box (10) contacts the cover (2) upward and drives the cover (2) to move upward until the placement box (10) is above the housing (1); when the servo motor (6) drives the reducer (7) to rotate the stud (12) in the second direction, the placement box (10) enters the housing (1), and at this time, the cover (2) closes the housing (1) under the drive of the elastic element; The first direction and the second direction are two directions of rotation that are opposite to each other; The gas control unit includes a gas supply base (14), fan blades, a flexible telescopic rod (13), a driven gear (15), an exhaust pipe (16), and a gas purification device (17); The air supply base (14) is mounted on the shell cover (2) via a bracket. The first air inlet of the air supply base (14) is connected to the gas source for supplying protective gas through a pipe one, and the second air inlet is connected to the inner cavity of the shell cover (1) through a pipe two. A one-way valve is provided in the pipe one, and a solenoid valve is provided in the pipe two. A touch switch (22) is embedded at the bottom of the shell cover (2) and contacts the shell (1) to control the solenoid valve. The fan blade is located inside the air supply base (14), and one end of the elastic telescopic rod (13) is connected to the fan blade. The blade extends to the upper part of the air supply seat (14) at the other end. The driven gear (15) is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable section of the elastic telescopic rod (13) located above the air supply seat (14). The output end of the servo motor (6) is sleeved with the driving gear (8) meshing with the driven gear (15). One end of the exhaust pipe (16) is connected to the air outlet of the air supply seat (14), and the other end is connected to the input end of the gas purification device (17). The exhaust pipe (16) has a valve body. The gas purification device (17) is located on the cover (2). When the placement box (10) moves downward so that the cover (2) closes the shell (1), the driven gear (15) meshes with the driving gear (8), the touch switch (22) controls the solenoid valve to open, and at the same time the driving gear (8) drives the driven gear (15) to drive the elastic telescopic rod (13) to rotate the fan blades to draw the air in the shell (1) out from the second pipe and discharge it into the gas purification device (17) through the exhaust pipe (16); The gas control unit also includes a conversion drive and a control assembly; The conversion drive is located on the cover (2) and is used to cooperate with the drive gear (8) to change the rotation direction of the fan blades. The control component is located on the outer wall of the housing (1) and is used to control the engagement of the conversion drive with the drive gear (8). The conversion drive includes an auxiliary gear (18), a spring (20), an electromagnetic block (21), and a contact rod (19); The auxiliary gear (18) is located at the top of a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is movably inserted into an L-shaped frame, and the L-shaped frame is located on a support frame (5). The bottom end of the rotating shaft is provided with a connecting block through a bearing. The spring (20) is used to connect the L-shaped frame and the connecting block. The electromagnetic block (21) is located on the L-shaped frame. The connecting block is provided with a permanent magnet block at the position corresponding to the electromagnetic block (21). One end of the contact rod (19) is connected to the top of the rotating shaft, and the other end is movably abutted against the bottom of the driven gear (15). The outer wall of the fixed section of the elastic telescopic rod (13) is fitted with a linkage gear corresponding to the driving gear (8). The electromagnetic block (21) is energized and attracts the permanent magnet block, which drives the connecting block to move the rotating shaft upward, so that the auxiliary gear (18) is between the driving gear (8) and the linkage gear and meshes with the driving gear (8) and the linkage gear respectively. At the same time, the contact rod (19) pushes the driven gear (15) upward with the rotating shaft to disengage from the driving gear (8). The end of the second pipe away from the air supply seat (14) is provided with a waterproof and oil-proof breathable membrane (30). A follower shaft (32) is inserted into the cover (2). A wiper blade (31) is fitted on the outer wall of the follower shaft (32). The wiper blade (31) is in contact with the bottom of the waterproof and oil-proof breathable membrane (30). A torsion spring is provided at the connection between the follower shaft (32) and the cover (2). A contact gear is fitted on the outer wall of the follower shaft (32). A toothed gear (35) that meshes with the contact gear is fitted on the outer wall of the fixed section of the elastic telescopic rod (13). A blocking bracket (33) for contacting the placement box (10) is provided at the bottom of the cover (2) and outside the wiper blade (31).

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control component includes an assembly tube (23) located on one side of the housing (1) and communicating with the inner cavity of the housing (1). The inner and outer ends of the inner cavity of the assembly tube (23) are provided with limiting ring parts (24). A T-shaped rod (25) is inserted into the limiting ring part (24). A spring (26) for connecting the T-shaped rod (25) and the limiting ring part (24) is sleeved on the outer wall of the T-shaped rod (25). The two sets of T-shaped rods (25) are connected to a movable plate (27) at opposite ends. The movable plate (27) is adapted to the inner cavity of the assembly tube (23) and is movably located in the center of the inner cavity of the assembly tube (23). A pressure sensor (28) and a pressure sensor (29) for contacting the movable plate (27) are respectively embedded on the side of the limiting ring part (24) facing the movable plate (27) at the inner and outer ends. It also includes a control module and an indicator light (34). The pressure sensor 1 (28) and pressure sensor 2 (29) are used to receive the pressure signal from the movable plate (27) and send the pressure signal to the control module. The control module receives the pressure signal from pressure sensor 1 (28) and controls the electromagnetic block (21) to open, the servo motor (6) to close and open within a preset time. The control module receives the pressure signal from pressure sensor 2 (29) and controls the electromagnetic block (21) to close and the indicator light (34) to open.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear ratio of the driving gear (8), driven gear (15), and auxiliary gear (18) is 6:2:

1.

4. A method for producing Group II base oils by treating raffinate oil with silica gel, using the apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, the following steps are included: S1: Add the residual oil from the top of the shell (1) into the shell (1), open the box cover (11) and put 5-10% of the mass of the residual oil into the placement box (10); S2: By opening the drive assembly, the placement box (10) is driven downward into the housing (1). At the same time, while the drive assembly is driving the placement box (10) downward, it also drives the gas control unit to first extract the air in the housing (1) and then introduce protective gas into the housing (1). The protective gas is nitrogen or inert gas. The drive assembly is closed after the placement box (10) reaches the preset position. At this time, the residual oil is soaked in the residual oil. S3: The adsorption temperature is controlled at 120-200℃ by a heating device, and the silica gel adsorption treatment time for residual oil is 4-6 hours. S4: After adsorption treatment, the liquid is discharged from the outlet (3) to obtain Class II base oil.

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