Bogie and steering system applicable to multiple tracks

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of suspended rail transit, and particularly to a bogie and a steering system applicable to multiple tracks, aiming to solve the problem that the existing variable wheelbase method requires sensor positioning and has insufficient reliability and stability. The bogie applicable to multiple tracks provided by the present invention includes a variable wheelbase mechanism, and the variable wheelbase mechanism includes a walking assembly and a shifting assembly; the walking assembly includes running wheels and shifting guide wheels; the running wheels can swing within the plane where their own axes are located, and the shifting guide wheels are connected to the shifting assembly; the shifting guide wheels are squeezed by the track and move, thereby causing the shifting assembly to be squeezed to trigger shifting, and the running wheels swing so that the distance between the running wheels gradually decreases or increases along the traveling direction. The present invention triggers gear shifting through the track and reduces the friction during gear shifting by the swinging of the running wheels, improving the reliability of wheelbase switching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of suspended rail transit, and particularly to a bogie and a steering system applicable to multiple tracks. Background Art

[0002] Combined with the requirements of the current situation of suspended monorails and different carrying capacities in rail transit design schemes, the bogie and the track beam will also be adjusted differently. During actual operation, vehicles with different carrying capacities need to repeatedly change tracks on different specifications of operating lines. Since the wheelbase of the bogie is constant, the distance between the running wheels is constant. When there are both wide tracks and narrow tracks, the distance between the running wheels can only be designed according to the narrowest track. The walking board of the track is used to carry the running wheels. When running on a wider track, it is easy to have a situation where the walking board is in partial contact with the running wheels, that is, the running wheels extend beyond the edge of the walking board, and there is also a problem of damage caused by the collision between the connecting parts of the bogie and the car body and the walking board due to lateral displacement. The existing variable gauge bogie adjusts the distance between the running wheels by an active telescopic method to adapt to the change in the track width. This method requires corresponding sensors for position positioning to ensure accurate switching of the wheelbase. There is a situation where the track cannot be changed due to abnormal or failed sensors, which is likely to cause unstable operation and insufficient reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bogie and a steering system applicable to multiple tracks to solve the problem of insufficient reliability and stability of the existing variable wheelbase method that requires sensor positioning.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A bogie applicable to multiple tracks includes a variable wheelbase mechanism, and the variable wheelbase mechanism includes a walking component and a shifting component; the walking component includes running wheels and shifting guide wheels; the running wheels can swing within the plane where their own axes are located, and the shifting guide wheels are connected to the shifting component; when entering a narrow track from a wide track, the shifting guide wheels are squeezed by the track and move, thereby causing the shifting component to be squeezed to trigger shifting, and the running wheels swing so that the distance between the running wheels gradually decreases along the traveling direction; when entering a wide track from a narrow track, the shifting guide wheels are squeezed by the track and move, thereby causing the shifting component to be squeezed to trigger shifting, and the running wheels swing so that the distance between the running wheels gradually increases along the traveling direction.

[0006] Further, the shift component includes a shift sleeve and a shift shaft; a plurality of shift units arranged continuously around its own axis are provided on the shift sleeve, and each shift unit includes a first shift groove and a second shift groove; a plurality of shift blocks arranged around its own axis are provided on the shift shaft, and the shift blocks can be inserted into the first shift groove and the second shift groove; the shift shaft can move along its own axis and rotate around its own axis so that the shift blocks can be switched between the first shift groove and the second shift groove.

[0007] Further, the shift component further includes a shift collar, the shift collar is inserted into the shift sleeve and can move along the axis of the shift sleeve, one end of the shift collar abuts against the shift shaft, and the other end is connected to the shift guide wheel; the shift collar is pushed by the shift guide wheel to push the shift shaft to move away from the shift sleeve along its own axis direction.

[0008] Further, the shift component further includes a fixed sleeve and a first elastic member; the shift sleeve is inserted into the fixed sleeve and connected to the fixed sleeve, the shift guide wheel is connected to the fixed sleeve and can move relative to the fixed sleeve along the axis direction of the shift sleeve; one end of the first elastic member is connected to the shift shaft, and the other end is connected to the fixed sleeve, configured to apply a thrust force to the shift shaft so that the shift shaft abuts against the shift collar.

[0009] Further, guide teeth are provided at one end of the shift collar away from the shift guide wheel, the guide teeth are arranged continuously around the axis of the shift collar and abut against the shift blocks; a limit block is provided on the shift collar, and the limit block is inserted into the second shift groove and can slide along the second shift groove.

[0010] Further, a first inclined surface is provided on the first shift groove, a second inclined surface is provided on the second shift groove, a guide inclined surface is provided on the guide teeth, and a shift inclined surface is provided on the shift blocks;

[0011] In the first gear state, the shift inclined surface abuts against the guide inclined surface, and the limit block abuts against the bottom of the first shift groove;

[0012] In the second gear state, the shift block is clamped in the second shift groove;

[0013] When shifting from the first gear to the second gear, the shift collar pushes the shift shaft away from the shift sleeve, the guide inclined surface abuts against the shift inclined surface and relatively slides with the shift inclined surface so that the shift shaft rotates around its own axis; then under the thrust of the first elastic member, the shift shaft pushes the shift collar to move, and the shift inclined surface abuts against the second inclined surface and slides along the second inclined surface;

[0014] When shifting from the second gear to the first gear, the shift collar pushes the shift shaft away from the shift sleeve, the guide inclined surface abuts against the shift inclined surface and relatively slides with the shift inclined surface so that the shift shaft rotates around its own axis; then under the thrust of the first elastic member, the shift shaft pushes the shift collar to move, and the shift inclined surface abuts against the first inclined surface and slides along the first inclined surface.

[0015] Furthermore, the walking assembly also includes a swing frame, a first wheel axle, a telescopic rod, a mounting frame, a universal joint and a second wheel axle; the running wheel is connected to the first wheel axle and is coaxially arranged, and the first wheel axle is rotatably connected to the swing frame; the swing frame is hinged to the mounting frame, and the mounting frame is slidably connected to the fixed sleeve; one end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the swing frame, and the other end is hinged to the mounting frame, and is configured to apply thrust to the swing frame; one end of the universal joint is connected to the first wheel axle, and the other end is connected to the second wheel axle; the second wheel axle is installed on the mounting frame and can rotate around its own axis to drive the first wheel axle to rotate.

[0016] Furthermore, the walking assembly also includes a steering guide wheel, which is installed on the swing frame. The steering guide wheel is squeezed by the track to drive the swing frame to swing and compress the telescopic rod; the shift guide wheel is installed on the mounting frame, and the shift sleeve is rotatably connected to the mounting frame.

[0017] Furthermore, the walking assembly also includes a steering guide wheel and a guide frame; the steering guide wheel is installed on the swing frame, and the steering guide wheel is squeezed by the track to drive the swing frame to swing and compress the telescopic rod; the guide frame is slidably connected to the fixed sleeve and is arranged at the end of the fixed sleeve away from the mounting frame, the shift guide wheel is installed on the guide frame, and the shift sleeve is rotatably connected to the guide frame.

[0018] Another aspect of the present invention provides a steering system, comprising the above-mentioned bogie suitable for various tracks, and also comprising a variable pitch track, wherein a shift section and a steering section are arranged on the side wall of the variable pitch track; the shift section can abut against and squeeze the shift guide wheel to move the shift guide wheel to stimulate the shift assembly to shift; the steering section can abut against the steering guide wheel to guide the walking trajectory of the steering guide wheel, thereby causing the swing frame to swing accordingly, thereby driving the running wheel to swing.

[0019] Based on the above technical solutions, the technical effects that can be achieved by the present invention are:

[0020] The bogie applicable to various tracks provided by the present invention comprises a wheel-width-changing mechanism, which comprises a running assembly and a gear-shifting assembly; the running assembly comprises a running wheel and a gear-shifting guide wheel; the running wheel can swing in the plane where its axis is located, and the gear-shifting guide wheel is connected to the gear-shifting assembly; when entering a narrow track from a wide track, the gear-shifting guide wheel is squeezed by the track and moves, thereby squeezing the gear-shifting assembly to stimulate gear-shifting, and the running wheel swings so that the spacing between the running wheels gradually decreases along the direction of travel; when entering a wide track from a narrow track, the gear-shifting guide wheel is squeezed by the track and moves, thereby squeezing the gear-shifting assembly to stimulate gear-shifting, and the running wheel swings so that the spacing between the running wheels gradually increases along the direction of travel.

[0021] The bogie applicable to multiple tracks provided by the present invention triggers gear shifting through the track, avoiding relying on sensors to confirm the starting point of the gauge change, and avoiding the problems of insufficient reliability and stability caused by factors such as sensor aging. At the same time, when the wheel gauge changes, the running wheels swing accordingly to reduce the sliding friction when the running wheels move axially, thereby reducing the frictional resistance and wear between the guide wheels and the track side walls and between the running wheels and the running plates, which is beneficial to improving the service life of the track side plates, running plates, running wheels, and guide wheels, and making the wheel gauge change more smooth, improving the reliability of the wheel gauge switching. Description of the Drawings

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the bogie applicable to multiple tracks provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 Top view of the bogie applicable to multiple tracks provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of the variable wheel gauge mechanism in Embodiment 1;

[0026] Figure 4 Front view of the variable wheel gauge mechanism in Embodiment 1;

[0027] Figure 5 Structural schematic diagram of the swing frame;

[0028] Figure 6 Structural schematic diagram of the mounting frame in Embodiment 1;

[0029] Figure 7 Structural schematic diagram of the shifting component in Embodiment 1;

[0030] Figure 8 Internal structural schematic diagram of the shifting component in the first gear state;

[0031] Figure 9 Internal structural schematic diagram of the shifting component when switching from the first gear to the second gear;

[0032] Figure 10 Internal structural schematic diagram of the shifting component in the second gear state;

[0033] Figure 11 Schematic structural diagram of a shift sleeve;

[0034] Figure 12 Schematic structural diagram of a gear sleeve;

[0035] Figure 13 Schematic structural diagram of a shift shaft in Embodiment 1;

[0036] Figure 14 Schematic structural diagram of a bogie applicable to multiple tracks provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 15 Top view of a bogie applicable to multiple tracks provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 16 Schematic structural diagram of a traveling assembly in Embodiment 2;

[0039] Figure 17 Schematic structural diagram of a mounting bracket in Embodiment 2;

[0040] Figure 18 Schematic structural diagram of a guiding bracket in Embodiment 2;

[0041] Figure 19 Schematic structural diagram of a shift assembly in Embodiment 2;

[0042] Figure 20 Schematic internal structural diagram of a shift assembly in Embodiment 2;

[0043] Figure 21 Schematic structural diagram of a shift shaft in Embodiment 2.

[0044] Icons: 10 - variable wheelbase mechanism; 20 - bogie body; 30 - power shaft; 100 - traveling assembly; 200 - shift assembly; 110 - running wheel; 120 - shift guiding wheel; 130 - swing bracket; 140 - first wheel shaft; 150 - telescopic rod; 160 - mounting bracket; 170 - universal joint; 180 - second wheel shaft; 190 - steering guiding wheel; 1110 - guiding bracket; 210 - gear sleeve; 220 - shift shaft; 230 - shift sleeve; 240 - first elastic member; 250 - fixing sleeve; 211 - gear unit; 221 - shift block; 222 - guiding section; 223 - guiding segment; 231 - limiting block; 232 - guiding tooth; 211a - first gear slot; 211b - second gear slot; a - first inclined plane; b - second inclined plane; c - guiding inclined plane; d - shift inclined plane. Detailed implementation manners

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.

[0046] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] The following will describe in detail some embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] The existing bogies with variable gauge applicable to multiple tracks adjust the spacing of the running wheels in an active telescopic manner to adapt to the change in track width. This method requires corresponding sensors for position positioning to ensure accurate switching of the wheel gauge. There is a situation where the bogie cannot change the gauge due to abnormal or failed sensors, which easily causes unstable operation and insufficient reliability.

[0050] In view of this, the present invention provides a bogie applicable to multiple tracks, including a variable wheel gauge mechanism 10. The variable wheel gauge mechanism 10 includes a walking assembly 100 and a shifting assembly 200. The walking assembly 100 includes running wheels 110 and shifting guide wheels 120. The running wheels 110 can swing within the plane where their own axes are located. The shifting guide wheels 120 are connected to the shifting assembly 200. When entering a narrow track from a wide track, the shifting guide wheels 120 are squeezed by the track and move, thereby squeezing the shifting assembly 200 to trigger shifting, and the running wheels 110 swing so that the spacing between the running wheels 110 gradually decreases along the traveling direction. When entering a wide track from a narrow track, the shifting guide wheels 120 are squeezed by the track and move, thereby squeezing the shifting assembly 200 to trigger shifting, and the running wheels 110 swing so that the spacing between the running wheels 110 gradually increases along the traveling direction.

[0051] The bogie applicable to multiple tracks provided by the present invention triggers gear shifting through the track, avoiding relying on sensors to confirm the starting point of gauge change and the problems of insufficient reliability and stability caused by factors such as sensor aging. At the same time, when the wheelbase changes, the running wheel 110 swings accordingly to reduce the sliding friction when the running wheel 110 moves axially, thereby reducing the frictional resistance and wear between the guiding wheel and the track side wall and between the running wheel 110 and the running plate, which is beneficial to improving the service life of the track side plate, running plate, running wheel 110, and guiding wheel, and making the wheelbase change smoother, improving the reliability of wheelbase switching.

[0052] The following combines Figures 1-13 to detail the structure and shape of the bogie applicable to multiple tracks provided in this embodiment:

[0053] In an alternative solution of this embodiment, the traveling assembly 100 includes a running wheel 110, a shifting guide wheel 120, a swing frame 130, a first wheel shaft 140, a telescopic rod 150, a mounting frame 160, a universal joint 170, a second wheel shaft 180, and a steering guide wheel 190. As Figure 3 , Figure 4 shown, the running wheel 110 is coaxially arranged with the first wheel shaft 140 and connected to the first wheel shaft 140; the first wheel shaft 140 is installed on the swing frame 130 and rotatably connected to the swing frame 130; the swing frame 130 is hinged to the mounting frame 160, one end of the telescopic rod 150 is hinged to the swing frame 130, and the other end is hinged to the mounting frame 160; the telescopic rod 150 expands and contracts to drive the swing frame 130 to swing, and then the swing frame 130 drives the running wheel 110 to swing in the horizontal plane; one end of the universal joint 170 is connected to the first wheel shaft 140, and the other end is connected to the second wheel shaft 180; the second wheel shaft 180 is rotatably installed on the mounting frame 160, and the axis of the second wheel shaft 180 is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the advancing direction of the bogie applicable to multiple tracks; the second wheel shaft 180 rotates around its own axis to drive the first wheel shaft 140 to rotate. By setting the universal joint 170 to ensure power transmission when the running wheel 110 swings, the second wheel shaft 180 drives the first wheel shaft 140 to rotate, and then the bogie applicable to multiple tracks travels normally. The steering guide wheel 190 is installed on the swing frame 130 and used to drive the swing frame 130 to swing; the shifting guide wheel 120 is installed on the mounting frame 160 and used to drive the mounting frame 160 to move to trigger the shifting of the shifting assembly 200.

[0054] Among them, the telescopic rod 150 includes a first connecting member, a second connecting member and an elastic sleeve; the first connecting member is sleeved on the second connecting member and is slidably connected to the second connecting member. One end of the first connecting member facing away from the second connecting member is hinged to the swing frame 130, and one end of the second connecting member facing away from the first connecting member is hinged to the mounting frame 160; one end of the elastic sleeve is connected to the first connecting member, and the other end is connected to the second connecting member, and is configured to apply a thrust force to the first connecting member and the second connecting member. Specifically, the elastic sleeve can be set as a compression spring. That is, the telescopic rod 150 and the track cause the swing frame 130 to swing in opposite directions to ensure the swing of the running wheels 110 in two directions.

[0055] In an alternative solution of this embodiment, as Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 shown, the shifting assembly 200 includes a gear sleeve 210, a shifting shaft 220, a shifting sleeve 230, a first elastic member 240 and a fixing sleeve 250. The shifting sleeve 230 is inserted into the gear sleeve 210 and can move along the axial direction. The shifting shaft 220 is coaxially arranged with the gear sleeve 210; one end of the first elastic member 240 abuts against the shifting shaft 220, and the other end abuts against the fixing sleeve 250, and applies a thrust force to the shifting shaft 220 to make the shifting shaft 220 abut against the shifting sleeve 230. The gear sleeve 210 is inserted into the fixing sleeve 250 and is connected to the fixing sleeve 250. The mounting frame 160 is connected to the fixing sleeve 250 and can move relative to the fixing sleeve 250 along the axial direction of the gear sleeve 210.

[0056] Specifically, as Figure 12 , Figure 13 shown, a plurality of gear units 211 arranged continuously around the axis of the gear sleeve 210 are provided on the gear sleeve 210. The gear unit 211 includes a first gear groove 211a and a second gear groove 211b; a plurality of shifting blocks 221 arranged around the axis of the shifting shaft 220 are provided on the shifting shaft 220. The shifting blocks 221 can be inserted into the first gear groove 211a and the second gear groove 211b; the shifting shaft 220 can reciprocate along its own axis and rotate around its own axis so that the shifting blocks 221 are switched between the first gear groove 211a and the second gear groove 211b.

[0057] As Figure 11As shown, the shift sleeve 230 is inserted into the gear sleeve 210 and can reciprocate along the axis of the gear sleeve 210. One end of the shift sleeve 230 is connected to the mounting bracket 160, and the other end abuts against the shift shaft 220. The shift sleeve 230 pushes the shift shaft 220 to move away from the gear sleeve 210 along its own axis under the push of the mounting bracket 160. A guiding tooth 232 is provided at one end of the shift sleeve 230 away from the mounting bracket 160, and the guiding tooth 232 is continuously arranged around the axis of the shift sleeve 230. The guiding tooth 232 abuts against the shift block 221. Further, a limiting block 231 is provided on the shift sleeve 230, and the limiting block 231 is inserted into the first gear slot 211a and can slide along the first gear slot 211a to prevent the shift sleeve 230 from rotating, so as to maintain the relative positions of the guiding tooth 232 with the first gear slot 211a and the second gear slot 211b, ensuring smooth shifting. Obviously, multiple gear slots can be set according to the shifting needs as long as each gear slot is continuous.

[0058] In this embodiment, the shift shaft 220 includes a guiding section 222, and the guiding section 222 is inserted into the shift sleeve 230 to guide the movement of the shift shaft 220, ensuring that the shift shaft 220 moves along its own axis and preventing it from coming out.

[0059] In this embodiment, a first inclined surface a is provided on the first gear slot 211a, a second inclined surface b is provided on the second gear slot 211b, a guiding inclined surface c is provided on the guiding tooth 232, and a shifting inclined surface d is provided on the shift block 221.

[0060] In the first gear state, the shifting inclined surface d abuts against the guiding inclined surface c, and the limiting block 231 abuts against the bottom of the first gear slot 211a. As Figure 8 shown, the wheelbase is relatively wide at this time, which is suitable for running on a wide track. In the second gear state, the shift block 221 is clamped in the second gear slot 211b. As Figure 10 shown, the wheelbase is relatively narrow at this time, which is suitable for running on a narrow track.

[0061] Specifically, when switching from the first gear to the second gear, as Figure 9 shown, the shift sleeve 230 pushes the shift shaft 220 away from the gear sleeve 210, and the guiding inclined surface c abuts against the shifting inclined surface d and relatively slides with the shifting inclined surface d to make the shift shaft 220 rotate around its own axis, aligning the shifting inclined surface d with the second inclined surface b. Then, under the thrust of the first elastic member 240, the shift shaft 220 moves in the reverse direction and pushes the shift sleeve 230 to move. The shifting inclined surface d abuts against the second inclined surface b and slides along the second inclined surface b. Under the push of the first elastic member 240, the second gear state is reached.

[0062] When shifting from the second gear position to the first gear position, the shift sleeve 230 pushes the shift shaft 220 away from the gear sleeve 210. The guiding inclined surface c abuts against the shifting inclined surface d and relatively slides with the shifting inclined surface d so that the shift shaft 220 rotates about its own axis, aligning the shifting inclined surface d with the first inclined surface a. Then, under the thrust of the first elastic member 240, the shift shaft 220 moves in the reverse direction and pushes the shift sleeve 230 to move. The shifting inclined surface d abuts against the first inclined surface a and slides along the first inclined surface a. Under the push of the first elastic member 240, the first gear position state is reached.

[0063] In this embodiment, the second wheel shaft 180 passes through the shifting assembly 200 and can rotate about its own axis to drive the running wheel 110 to rotate. Specifically, the gear sleeve 210, the shift shaft 220, and the shift sleeve 230 are all of hollow shaft structures to facilitate the passing of the second wheel shaft 180 and thus transmit power.

[0064] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 shown, a guiding rod is provided on the mounting bracket 160. The guiding rod is inserted into the fixed sleeve 250 to ensure the relative movement between the mounting bracket 160 and the fixed sleeve 250 and prevent the mounting bracket 160 from rotating.

[0065] In an alternative solution of this embodiment, the shifting assembly 200 further includes a second elastic member. One end of the second elastic member is connected to the fixed sleeve 250, and the other end is connected to the shift sleeve 230, configured to apply a thrust to the shift sleeve 230 so that the shift sleeve 230 abuts against the shift shaft 220. The thrust applied by the first elastic member 240 to the shift shaft 220 is greater than the thrust applied by the second elastic member to the shift sleeve 230 to ensure normal shifting. The arrangement of the second elastic member avoids the displacement of the running wheel 110 due to lack of positioning, especially in the second gear position state where the positioning of the shift sleeve 230 is insufficient and axial movement is likely to occur. At this time, the second elastic member can be relied on for limiting, or the shifting guide wheel can be relied on for limiting, that is, the movement of the mounting bracket 160 is prevented by the contact between the shifting guide wheel 120 and the track, thereby preventing the running wheel 110 from moving axially.

[0066] The working process of the bogie applicable to multiple tracks provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0067] After the bogie applicable to multiple tracks moves to the track change position, a shifting protrusion is provided at the corresponding position of the track. The shifting protrusion presses the shifting guide wheel 120, causing the shifting guide wheel 120 to drive the mounting bracket 160 to move. Then, the mounting bracket 160 drives the shift sleeve 230 to move, causing the shift sleeve 230 to push the shift shaft 220 to move and compress the first elastic member 240. At the same time, the shift shaft 220 rotates about its own axis, switching the shifting inclined surface d between the first inclined surface a and the second inclined surface b to achieve shifting.

[0068] When switching from the first gear state to the second gear state, the axial movement of the running wheel 110 is driven by the shift guide wheel. When switching from the second gear state to the first gear state, the axial movement of the running wheel 110 relies on the thrust of the first elastic member 240. The action of the shift guide wheel is only to trigger the gear shift.

[0069] In an alternative solution of this embodiment, the bogie applicable to multiple tracks further includes a bogie body 20 and a power shaft 30. The power shaft 30 is installed on the bogie body 20 and is coaxially arranged with the second axle 180. The power shaft 30 and the second axle 180 are connected by a spline structure to transmit power. At the same time, the second axle 180 can move relative to the power shaft 30 along the axial direction to adapt to the change in wheelbase; the fixing sleeve 250 is installed on the bogie body 20 to achieve the connection.

[0070] Embodiment Two

[0071] The bogie applicable to multiple tracks provided in this embodiment has basically the same structure as that in Embodiment One. The main difference is that a guide frame 1110 is added to the traveling assembly 100, as Figure 16 shown, and the shift guide wheel 120 is installed on the guide frame 1110 and is no longer installed on the mounting frame 160. The mounting frame 160 is rotatably connected to the shift shaft 220; at the same time, the structure of the shift assembly 200 is basically the same, except that the shift shaft 220 is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 160 and is no longer connected to the shift sleeve 230.

[0072] The following combines Figures 14-21 to elaborate in detail on the structure and shape of the bogie applicable to multiple tracks provided in this embodiment:

[0073] In this embodiment, as Figure 14 、 Figure 15 shown, the shift assembly 200 is arranged between the running wheel 110 and the shift guide wheel 120. As Figure 21 shown, the shift shaft 220 is increased with a guide section 223. The guide section 223 is arranged at one end far from the gear sleeve 210. The first elastic member 240 is sleeved on the guide section 223. The guide section 223 is used for rotatably connecting with the mounting frame 160 to drive the mounting frame 160 to move.

[0074] In the first gear state, the shift slope d abuts against the guide slope c, and the limit block 231 abuts against the bottom of the first gear slot 211a, as Figure 20 shown. At this time, the wheelbase is relatively narrow and is suitable for running on narrow tracks; in the second gear state, the shift block 221 is clamped in the second gear slot 211b, referring to Figure 10 shown. At this time, the wheelbase is relatively wide and is suitable for running on wide tracks.

[0075] Compared with the first embodiment, the mounting bracket 160 is connected to the shift shaft 220, and the shift shaft 220 is fixed under the combined action of the gear sleeve 210 and the first elastic member 240, which is beneficial to the stable position of the running wheel 110.

[0076] In summary, in the same gear state, the wheelbase states of the first embodiment and the second embodiment are opposite. That is, in the first gear state, the first embodiment is applicable to wide tracks, and the second embodiment is applicable to narrow tracks; under the second gear turntable, the first embodiment is applicable to narrow tracks, and the second embodiment is applicable to wide tracks.

[0077] Based on the bogie applicable to multiple tracks provided by the above embodiments, a steering system is proposed, which includes the bogie applicable to multiple tracks as described above, and also includes a variable-distance track. The side wall of the variable-distance track is provided with a shifting section and a steering section; the shifting section can be abutted against and squeeze the shifting guide wheel 120 to move the shifting guide wheel 120 to trigger the shifting component 200 to shift gears; the steering section can be abutted against the steering guide wheel 190 to guide the running track of the steering guide wheel 190, and then cause the swing frame 130 to swing correspondingly, thereby driving the running wheel 110 to swing.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bogie applicable to multiple tracks, characterized in that, it includes a variable wheelbase mechanism (10), and the variable wheelbase mechanism (10) includes a traveling component (100) and a shifting component (200); The traveling component (100) includes running wheels (110) and shifting guide wheels (120); The running wheels (110) can swing within the plane where their own axes are located, and the shifting guide wheels (120) are connected to the shifting component (200); When entering a narrow track from a wide track, the shifting guide wheels (120) are squeezed by the track and move, thereby causing the shifting component (200) to be squeezed to trigger a shift, and the running wheels (110) swing so that the distance between the running wheels (110) gradually decreases along the traveling direction; When entering a wide track from a narrow track, the shifting guide wheels (120) are squeezed by the track and move, thereby causing the shifting component (200) to be squeezed to trigger a shift, and the running wheels (110) swing so that the distance between the running wheels (110) gradually increases along the traveling direction; The shifting component (200) includes a gear sleeve (210) and a shifting shaft (220); A plurality of gear units (211) arranged continuously around its own axis are provided on the gear sleeve (210), and the gear unit (211) includes a first gear slot (211a) and a second gear slot (211b); A plurality of shifting blocks (221) arranged around its own axis are provided on the shifting shaft (220), and the shifting blocks (221) can be inserted into the first gear slot (211a) and the second gear slot (211b); The shifting shaft (220) can move along its own axis and rotate around its own axis so that the shifting blocks (221) switch between the first gear slot (211a) and the second gear slot (211b).

2. The bogie applicable to multiple tracks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shifting component (200) further includes a shifting sleeve (230), the shifting sleeve (230) is inserted into the gear sleeve (210) and can move along the axis of the gear sleeve (210), one end of the shifting sleeve (230) abuts against the shifting shaft (220), and the other end is connected to the shifting guide wheel (120); The shifting sleeve (230) pushes the shifting shaft (220) to move away from the gear sleeve (210) along its own axis direction under the push of the shifting guide wheel (120).

3. The bogie applicable to multiple tracks according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shifting component (200) further includes a fixed sleeve (250) and a first elastic member (240); The gear sleeve (210) is inserted into the fixed sleeve (250) and connected to the fixed sleeve (250), the shifting guide wheel (120) is connected to the fixed sleeve (250) and can move relative to the fixed sleeve (250) along the axis direction of the gear sleeve (210); One end of the first elastic member (240) is connected to the shift shaft (220), and the other end is connected to the fixed sleeve (250), configured to apply a thrust force to the shift shaft (220) so that the shift shaft (220) abuts against the shift sleeve (230).

4. The bogie applicable to multiple tracks according to claim 3, wherein, A guiding tooth (232) is provided at one end of the shift sleeve (230) away from the shift guiding wheel (120), and the guiding tooth (232) is continuously arranged around the axis of the shift sleeve (230) and abuts against the shift block (221); A limiting block (231) is provided on the shift sleeve (230), and the limiting block (231) is inserted into the second gear slot (211b) and can slide along the second gear slot (211b).

5. The bogie applicable to multiple tracks according to claim 4, wherein, A first inclined surface (a) is provided on the first gear slot (211a), a second inclined surface (b) is provided on the second gear slot (211b), a guiding inclined surface (c) is provided on the guiding tooth (232), and a shift inclined surface (d) is provided on the shift block (221); In the first gear state, the shift inclined surface (d) abuts against the guiding inclined surface (c), and the limiting block (231) abuts against the bottom of the first gear slot (211a); In the second gear state, the shift block (221) is clamped in the second gear slot (211b); When switching from the first gear to the second gear, the shift sleeve (230) pushes the shift shaft (220) away from the gear sleeve (210), the guiding inclined surface (c) abuts against the shift inclined surface (d) and relatively slides with the shift inclined surface (d) to make the shift shaft (220) rotate around its own axis; then under the thrust of the first elastic member (240), the shift shaft (220) pushes the shift sleeve (230) to move, and the shift inclined surface (d) abuts against the second inclined surface (b) and slides along the second inclined surface (b); When switching from the second gear to the first gear, the shift sleeve (230) pushes the shift shaft (220) away from the gear sleeve (210), the guiding inclined surface (c) abuts against the shift inclined surface (d) and relatively slides with the shift inclined surface (d) to make the shift shaft (220) rotate around its own axis; then under the thrust of the first elastic member (240), the shift shaft (220) pushes the shift sleeve (230) to move, and the shift inclined surface (d) abuts against the first inclined surface (a) and slides along the first inclined surface (a).

6. The bogie applicable to multiple tracks according to claim 5, wherein, The traveling assembly (100) further includes a swing frame (130), a first wheel axle (140), a telescopic rod (150), a mounting frame (160), a universal joint (170) and a second wheel axle (180); The running wheel (110) is connected to the first wheel axle (140) and is coaxially arranged; the first wheel axle (140) is rotatably connected to the swing frame (130); The swing frame (130) is hinged to the mounting frame (160), and the mounting frame (160) is slidably connected to the fixing sleeve (250); One end of the telescopic rod (150) is hinged to the swing frame (130), and the other end is hinged to the mounting frame (160), and is configured to apply a thrust to the swing frame (130); One end of the universal joint (170) is connected to the first wheel axle (140), and the other end is connected to the second wheel axle (180); The second wheel axle (180) is mounted on the mounting frame (160) and can rotate around its own axis to drive the first wheel axle (140) to rotate.

7. The bogie applicable to various tracks according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The walking assembly (100) further comprises a steering guide wheel (190), wherein the steering guide wheel (190) is mounted on the swing frame (130), and the steering guide wheel (190) is squeezed by the track to drive the swing frame (130) to swing and compress the telescopic rod (150); The gear shift guide wheel (120) is mounted on the mounting frame (160), and the gear shift sleeve (230) is rotatably connected to the mounting frame (160).

8. The bogie applicable to various tracks according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The walking assembly (100) further comprises a steering guide wheel (190) and a guide frame (1110); The steering guide wheel (190) is mounted on the swing frame (130), and the steering guide wheel (190) is squeezed by the track to drive the swing frame (130) to swing and compress the telescopic rod (150); The guide frame (1110) is slidably connected to the fixing sleeve (250) and is arranged at one end of the fixing sleeve (250) away from the mounting frame (160); the shift guide wheel (120) is mounted on the guide frame (1110); and the shift sleeve (230) is rotatably connected to the guide frame (1110).

9. A steering system, It is characterized in that The bogie applicable to various tracks as claimed in claim 7 or claim 8 further comprises a variable pitch track, wherein a shifting section and a turning section are arranged on the side wall of the variable pitch track; The shift section can abut against the shift guide wheel (120) and press the shift guide wheel (120), so that the shift guide wheel (120) moves to trigger the shift assembly (200) to shift gears; The steering section can abut against the steering guide wheel (190) to guide the walking track of the steering guide wheel (190), thereby causing the swing frame (130) to swing accordingly, thereby driving the running wheel (110) to swing.

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