A hydraulic breaker and a hydraulic crusher for deep-water visualization operations

Abstract

The present invention provides a hydraulic breaker hammer for deep-water visualization operations, comprising: a waterproof housing; a drill rod support ring mounted at the front end of the waterproof housing; a cylinder body mounted in the waterproof housing, the cylinder body having a buffer chamber, a piston chamber, and a drill rod chamber arranged in sequence; a piston rod mounted in the piston chamber, the rear end of the piston rod being able to enter and exit the buffer chamber and the front end of the piston rod being able to enter and exit the drill rod chamber; the drill rod being mounted in the drill rod chamber, the front end of the drill rod extending out of the front end of the waterproof housing; a reversing valve mounted in an oil passage connected to the piston chamber of the cylinder body; oil inlets and outlets mounted on the waterproof housing and connected to the oil passages through the inlet and outlet oil passages, respectively; a high-pressure accumulator mounted on the cylinder body and connected to the oil passages; and an underwater information acquisition device mounted at the front end of the waterproof housing to acquire underwater information data. The present invention adopts an integral waterproof sealing method to meet the waterproof requirements for working in relatively deep waters; and adopts underwater information acquisition technology to meet the requirements for underwater visualization operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic breaking, in particular to a hydraulic breaking hammer and a hydraulic breaker for visualization operations in deep waters. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic breakers are typically installed on excavators or loaders and are primarily used for tasks such as crushing, demolition, excavating hardened structures, and mining in construction. They are widely used due to their high impact, ease of use, maneuverability, and efficiency. A hydraulic breaker generally consists of a front cylinder, a middle cylinder, a rear cylinder, a drill rod housed within the front cylinder, and a piston within the middle cylinder. The piston reciprocates along the axis of the cylinder, continuously striking the drill rod, which in turn impacts the object, breaking it.

[0003] In the prior art, hydraulic breakers use dynamic seals and hydraulic oil as the driving medium, which can easily cause water pollution when leaking. They are not suitable for operations such as crushing, demolition, and piling in deep waters.

[0004] The structure of the existing technology breaker is mainly open, and the rock drill rod, lower cylinder, upper cylinder, middle cylinder, etc. do not have highly reliable anti-rust protection. They are very easy to rust during underwater operations, causing equipment failure. There is no anti-leakage function, and hydraulic oil leakage can easily cause water pollution.

[0005] The difficulty of underwater operation of hydraulic breaker is that water cannot enter the striking chamber during operation, otherwise it will not only cause failure of the hydraulic breaker, but also cause failure of the hydraulic circuit of the carrying equipment. At the same time, leakage will also cause water pollution. Moreover, as the construction depth increases, the water pressure will gradually increase, making the equipment extremely prone to failure.

[0006] Existing hydraulic breakers are generally suitable for demolition operations on land or in shallow waters (where more than two-thirds of the working portion of the drill rod is submerged). However, in deepwater applications, such as river dredging, dam reconstruction and demolition, ditch excavation, and the removal of abandoned underwater facilities and obsolete bridge piers, effective demolition is difficult due to the uncertainties and blind spots inherent in underwater construction. Furthermore, the water pressure in deep water significantly impacts the hammer's striking force and structure, posing significant challenges to the quality of hydraulic breakers. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic breaker hammer for visualization operation in deep waters, which can meet the requirements of long-term operation in relatively deep waters.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a hydraulic breaker for visualization operation in deep waters, comprising:

[0009] Waterproof housing;

[0010] A drill rod support ring is installed at the front end of the waterproof housing;

[0011] The cylinder body is installed in the waterproof housing and has a buffer chamber, a piston chamber and a drill rod chamber arranged in sequence;

[0012] A piston rod is installed in the piston cavity, with its rear end capable of entering and exiting the buffer cavity and its front end capable of entering and exiting the drill rod cavity;

[0013] A drill rod is installed in the drill rod cavity, with its front end extending out of the front end of the waterproof housing;

[0014] A reversing valve is installed in the oil passage connected to the piston chamber of the cylinder body;

[0015] an oil inlet and an oil outlet, mounted on the waterproof housing and connected to the oil passage through an inlet and an outlet oil passage, respectively;

[0016] a high-pressure accumulator, mounted on the cylinder body and connected to the oil passage;

[0017] An underwater information acquisition device is installed at the front end of the waterproof housing to acquire underwater information data.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0019] The shock absorbing device is installed between the rear end of the waterproof shell and the rear end of the cylinder body.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0021] The accumulator high-pressure waterproof inflation device is installed on the waterproof housing and is connected to the high-pressure accumulator through a high-pressure accumulator transition joint.

[0022] Furthermore, the accumulator high-pressure waterproof inflation device includes:

[0023] The valve body has a bottom connected to the high-pressure accumulator transition joint and a main cavity communicating with the top and bottom thereof;

[0024] A valve core is installed in the main cavity;

[0025] a valve cap, mounted on the top of the valve body;

[0026] A plug is installed on the side of the valve body to block the side cavity connected to the cavity.

[0027] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0028] a buffer chamber inflation valve assembly, mounted on the waterproof housing;

[0029] An inflation pipe connects the buffer chamber inflation valve assembly and the buffer chamber.

[0030] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0031] A pressure-maintaining inflation valve assembly is installed on the waterproof housing;

[0032] A pressure monitoring device is connected to the pressure-maintaining inflation valve assembly and obtains air pressure data inside the waterproof housing.

[0033] Furthermore, the underwater information acquisition device is a camera or a sonar device.

[0034] Furthermore, when the underwater information acquisition device is a camera, a dust cover and a defoaming cover are further installed at the front end of the waterproof housing, and the drill rod works under the protection of the dust cover and the defoaming cover.

[0035] Furthermore, the cylinder body is provided with a lubricating oil channel and an exhaust channel, the lubricating oil channel is connected to the drill rod cavity, and a refueling one-way valve is installed at its outer end; the exhaust channel is connected to the drill rod cavity, and an exhaust one-way valve is installed at its outer end.

[0036] The present invention also provides a hydraulic breaker, comprising a hydraulic breaker hammer, wherein the hydraulic breaker hammer is the above-mentioned hydraulic breaker hammer for deep-water visualization operations.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1) The present invention adopts an integral waterproof sealing method to effectively prevent liquid from penetrating into the interior of the shell, thereby meeting the waterproof requirements for working in deeper waters; the use of underwater information acquisition technology helps to generate underwater images in real time, thereby meeting the requirements of underwater visualization operations.

[0039] 2) The present invention adopts a shock-absorbing method, which not only effectively avoids a large number of bubbles generated by resonance, but also effectively reduces the impact force generated by high-speed, high-pressure, and high-intensity impact crushing operations, thereby meeting the requirements of stable operation underwater.

[0040] 3) The present invention adopts pressure balancing means to eliminate the internal and external pressure difference, thereby meeting the pressure resistance requirements for working in deeper waters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 This is a structural perspective diagram of the breaker hammer in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The structural side view of the breaker hammer is shown;

[0043] Figure 3 for Figure 1The structural top view of the breaker hammer is shown;

[0044] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Structural cross-section view in the AA direction;

[0045] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Structural cross-section view in the middle BB direction;

[0046] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment discloses a hydraulic breaker for deep-water visualization operations, comprising:

[0049] Waterproof housing 1, drill rod support ring 2, cylinder body 5, piston rod 4, drill rod 3, reversing valve 6, oil inlet and outlet 9, high-pressure accumulator 8 and underwater information acquisition device.

[0050] The waterproof shell 1 is welded from multiple metal plates. The top plate of the waterproof shell 1 is provided with longitudinal pin holes, inflation holes, oil inlet and outlet holes, oil filling ports, air replenishment holes and pressure measuring holes. The plates on both sides are provided with transverse pin holes, drain holes and limit holes. The rear plate is installed with a connecting device 19, which is used to connect and install the entire hydraulic breaker with the working equipment.

[0051] The longitudinal pinhole is sealed with a screw and sealing assembly, and a longitudinal pinhole cover plate 17 is installed. The inflation hole is sealed with a screw and sealing assembly, and the accumulator high-pressure waterproof inflation device 11 is installed with a screw and sealing assembly. The oil inlet and outlet holes are sealed with screws and sealing assemblies, and the oil inlet and outlet ports 9 are installed. The oil filling port is sealed with a screw plug. The air supply hole and the pressure measuring hole are sealed with screws and sealing assemblies, and a mounting base 22 is installed together. Mounting base 22 is installed with a buffer chamber inflation valve assembly 23 connected to the air supply hole and a pressure-maintaining inflation valve assembly 25 connected to the pressure measuring hole. Both the buffer chamber inflation valve assembly 23 and the pressure-maintaining inflation valve assembly 25 are one-way valves. The pressure-maintaining inflation valve assembly 25 is also connected to a pressure monitoring device 26 to obtain air pressure data inside the waterproof housing 1.

[0052] The transverse pin hole is sealed and installed with a transverse pin hole cover plate 18 using screws and a sealing assembly, the drain hole is sealed and installed with a drain hole cover plate 20 using screws and a sealing assembly, and the limit hole is sealed and installed with a limit hole cover plate 21 using screws and a sealing assembly.

[0053] The drill rod support ring 2 is sealed to the front end of the waterproof housing 1 using screws and a sealing assembly. Its center hole is coaxially aligned with the front opening of the waterproof housing 1, ensuring that the drill rod 3 can extend and retract. The drill rod support ring 2 ensures the stability of the drill rod 3 during high-frequency operation. A sealing assembly is also installed in the center hole of the drill rod support ring 2, forming a dynamic seal with the drill rod 3.

[0054] The cylinder body 5 is installed in the waterproof housing 1 and has a rear cylinder body 5.1, a middle cylinder body 5.2, and a front cylinder body 5.3, which are arranged in sequence from back to front. The rear cylinder body 5.1 is provided with a buffer chamber, the middle cylinder body 5.2 is provided with a piston chamber, and the front cylinder body 5.3 is provided with a drill rod chamber. The buffer chamber, piston chamber, and drill rod chamber are connected in sequence. The two adjacent cylinder bodies are also sealed by a sealing assembly. The front of the cylinder body 5 is limited by a protective plate 32 at the front of the interior of the waterproof housing 1. Its bottom and top surfaces are respectively limited by limiting plates 31 at the top and bottom of the interior of the waterproof housing 1. The back of the cylinder body 5 is buffered by a shock-absorbing device 7 at the rear of the interior of the waterproof housing 1 to prevent a large number of bubbles from being generated during underwater work and affecting the normal observation of the underwater situation by the staff. At the same time, a fixed limiting block is passed through the limiting hole to limit the rear cylinder body 5.1 and improve the stability of the rear of the cylinder body 5.

[0055] The piston rod 4 is installed in the piston cavity, and its rear end can enter and exit the buffer cavity, and its front end can enter and exit the drill rod cavity. The cavity wall of the piston cavity is provided with sealing components at the front and rear positions to form a dynamic seal with the outer wall of the piston rod 4 to prevent hydraulic oil from entering the buffer cavity and the drill rod cavity. The middle cylinder body 5.2 is also provided with an oil channel 5.4 connected to its piston cavity, and the reversing valve 6 is installed in the oil channel 5.4. The oil inlet and outlet 9 is connected to the oil channel 5.4 through the return oil pipe 33. The oil inlet and outlet 9 includes an oil inlet and an oil outlet, and the return oil pipe 33 includes a refueling pipe connected to the refueling port and an oil return pipe connected to the oil outlet. The reversing valve 6 is a mechanical reversing valve, which realizes reversing under the action of hydraulic oil, thereby driving the piston rod 4 to reciprocate. Its principle and structure belong to the existing technology, so they are not repeated here.

[0056] The drill rod 3 is installed in the drill rod cavity, and its front end extends out of the front end of the waterproof shell 1. Figure 5As shown, the rod 3 has a recessed portion 3.1, and the front cylinder 5.3 is provided with a longitudinal insertion hole corresponding to the longitudinal limiting hole and a transverse insertion hole corresponding to the transverse limiting hole. The longitudinal and transverse insertion holes are connected. A longitudinal limiting pin 12 is inserted through the longitudinal limiting hole and fixed in the insertion hole, cooperating with the recessed portion 3.1 to limit the position. The longitudinal limiting pin 12 has a transverse through hole corresponding to the transverse insertion hole, and a transverse limiting pin 13 is inserted through the transverse limiting hole and fixed in the longitudinal insertion hole and transverse through hole, thereby securing the longitudinal limiting pin 12 and transverse limiting pin 13 to the front cylinder 5.3. The longitudinal limiting pin 12 prevents the rod 3 from rotating during extension and retraction. To prevent the rod 3 from entering the piston cavity during backward movement and affecting the normal collision between the piston rod and the rod, a limiting sleeve 10 is provided in the front cylinder 5.3. The limiting sleeve 10 and the rear end of the rod 3 are fixed by matching limiting inclined surfaces. The stopper sleeve 10 is provided with an oil filling hole, and the front cylinder body 5.3 is provided with a lubricating oil channel connected to the oil filling hole. The lubricating oil channel is connected to the drill rod cavity and has a refueling check valve 15 installed on its outer end. Lubricating oil can be injected into the drill rod cavity through the oil filling hole, oil filling hole, and lubricating oil channel, thereby lubricating the drill rod 3. The refueling check valve 15 prevents the lubricating oil from overflowing.

[0057] The cylinder body 5 is also provided with an exhaust duct, which is connected to the drill rod cavity and has an exhaust check valve 30 installed at its outer end. Each time the piston rod 4 strikes the drill rod 3, the temperature of the cavity between the piston rod 4 and the drill rod 3 rises, causing the gas in the cavity to expand. At this time, the gas is exhausted to the outside of the cylinder through the exhaust check valve 30.

[0058] The high-pressure accumulator 8 is mounted on the middle cylinder 5.2 and connected to the oil passage 5.4. The high-pressure nitrogen in the accumulator 8 reduces pressure peaks during the reciprocating motion of the piston rod 4, ensuring smooth hydraulic system operation. To replenish the accumulator 8, the hydraulic breaker also includes a high-pressure waterproof accumulator charging device 11. This device is mounted on the waterproof housing 1 and connected to the accumulator 8 via a high-pressure accumulator transition joint 29.

[0059] like Figure 6As shown, the accumulator high-pressure waterproof inflation device 11 includes a valve body 11.1, a valve core 11.2, a valve cap 11.3 and a plug 11.4. The valve body 11.1 is installed on the top plate of the waterproof housing 1 using screws and a sealing assembly. The bottom of the valve body 11.1 is connected to the high-pressure accumulator transition joint 29, and a main cavity connecting the top and bottom thereof is provided inside the valve body; the valve core 11.2 is installed in the main cavity; the valve cap 11.3 is installed on the top of the valve body 11.1; and the plug 11.4 is installed on the side of the valve body 11.1 to seal the side cavity connecting the cavity. When replenishing air, unscrew the valve cap 11.3, and then insert the air supply pipe connected to the air pump into the top of the valve body 11.1 to replenish nitrogen to the high-pressure accumulator 8 to ensure that the internal air pressure meets the use requirements. If the valve core 11.2 fails to perform the sealing function, the plug 11.4 can replace the sealing function to prevent gas leakage.

[0060] The underwater information acquisition device is installed at the front end of the waterproof housing 1 to acquire underwater information data.

[0061] The interior of the buffer chamber inflation valve assembly 23 is connected to the buffer chamber via an inflation pipe 24 , which is used to replenish nitrogen into the buffer chamber of the rear cylinder body 5 . 1 , thereby ensuring that the gas in the buffer chamber has a buffering effect on the piston rod 4 .

[0062] Because the waterproof housing 1 operates in deep water, the water pressure is relatively high. To ensure that the waterproof housing 1 can withstand the water pressure and not be damaged, the internal pressure of the waterproof housing 1 must be consistent with the external water pressure. Therefore, a pressure monitoring device 26 is connected to the pressure-maintaining inflation valve assembly 25 to obtain the internal air pressure data of the waterproof housing 1. If the internal air pressure is lower than the external water pressure, air needs to be added to the waterproof housing 1 to maintain the internal air pressure consistent with the external water pressure.

[0063] To obtain underwater information and accurately locate the broken part, the present invention employs two imaging methods: direct imaging with a camera 28 and indirect imaging with a sonar device. The former utilizes four high-definition, wide-angle cameras to capture the underwater environment, allowing operators to observe the underwater situation in real time and accurately locate the broken part. When using the camera 28 to capture underwater images, a large number of fine particles and bubbles are generated. To prevent these particles and bubbles from diffusing and affecting the normal image acquisition by the camera 28, a dust cover 27 and a de-bubble cover 34 are further provided at the front end of the waterproof housing 1. The de-bubble cover 34 is located outside the dust cover 27, and the drill rod 3 operates under the protection of the dust cover 27 and the de-bubble cover 34. The dust cover 27 and the defoaming cover 34 are both cover parts with fine mesh. The dust cover 27 is used to prevent the particles generated during the crushing operation from diffusing outward. It is set to three levels according to the interception capability, namely level one, level two, and level three from the inside to the outside. The level one dust cover is used to capture particles larger than 5mm, the level two dust cover is used to capture particles of 0.5-5mm, and the level three dust cover is used to capture particles below 0.5mm. The defoaming cover 34 is used to eliminate the influence of a large number of bubbles and water ripples generated when the drill rod 3 impacts the water flow during the crushing operation, so as to meet the purpose of underwater visualization operation.

[0064] When using a sonar device to generate underwater images, the principle is to use a computer program to process the acquired sonar data to generate underwater environment graphics. It does not directly reproduce the underwater image and is not affected by the diffusion of particles and bubbles. Therefore, there is no need to provide a dust cover 27 and a bubble removal cover 34. Since sonar imaging technology is a prior art, it will not be described in detail.

[0065] It should be noted that the sealing components in the present invention all adopt at least two levels of sealing to ensure waterproof performance and meet the requirements of deep water operations.

[0066] The present invention also provides a hydraulic breaker, comprising a hydraulic breaker hammer, which is the above-mentioned hydraulic breaker hammer used for deep-water visualization operations.

[0067] Compared with traditional underwater blasting construction, the direct operation of the hydraulic breaker hammer of the present invention avoids the adverse effects of shock waves, seismic waves, pulse water pressure, etc. caused by blasting, reduces noise and safety impacts on surrounding ships and buildings, reduces environmental pollution, and greatly reduces the emission of ammonia, nitrates and methane in water.

[0068] It should be noted that the control part in the present invention is prior art and will not be described in detail.

[0069] Anything not described in detail in the present invention is well known to those skilled in the art.

[0070] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, a specific direction structure and operation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0071] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified and replaced with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic breaker for deep-water visualization operations, characterized by: include: Waterproof housing (1); A drill rod support ring (2) is mounted on the front end of the waterproof housing (1); A cylinder body (5) is installed in the waterproof housing (1), and has a buffer chamber, a piston chamber, and a drill rod chamber arranged in sequence; A piston rod (4) is installed in the piston cavity, with its rear end being able to enter and exit the buffer cavity and its front end being able to enter and exit the drill rod cavity; A drill rod (3) is installed in the drill rod cavity, with its front end extending out of the front end of the waterproof housing (1); A reversing valve (6) is installed in an oil passage (5.4) connected to the piston chamber of the cylinder (5); Oil inlet and outlet ports (9) are mounted on the waterproof housing (1) and are connected to the oil passage (5.4) via inlet and outlet oil passages, respectively; a high-pressure accumulator (8), mounted on the cylinder (5) and connected to the oil passage (5.4); An underwater information acquisition device, mounted on the front end of the waterproof housing (1) to acquire underwater information data; A pressure-maintaining inflation valve assembly (25) is mounted on the waterproof housing (1); A pressure monitoring device (26) connected to the pressure-maintaining inflation valve assembly (25) and acquiring air pressure data inside the waterproof housing (1); When the underwater information acquisition device is a camera (28), a dust cover (27) and a defoaming cover (34) are further installed at the front end of the waterproof housing (1), the defoaming cover (34) is located outside the dust cover (27), and the drill rod (3) works under the protection of the dust cover (27) and the defoaming cover (34); the dust cover (27) and the defoaming cover (34) are both cover parts with fine mesh.

2. A hydraulic breaker for deep-water visualization operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A shock absorbing device (7) is installed between the rear end of the waterproof housing (1) and the rear end of the cylinder (5).

3. The hydraulic breaker for deep-water visualization operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An accumulator high-pressure waterproof inflation device (11) is mounted on the waterproof housing (1) and is connected to the high-pressure accumulator (8) via a high-pressure accumulator transition joint (29).

4. A hydraulic breaker for deep-water visualization operations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The accumulator high-pressure waterproof inflation device (11) comprises: A valve body (11.1), the bottom of which is connected to the high-pressure accumulator transition joint (29), and a main cavity communicating with the top and bottom thereof is provided inside the valve body; A valve core (11.2) is installed in the main cavity; A valve cap (11.3) mounted on the top of the valve body (11.1); A plug (11.4) is installed on the side of the valve body (11.1) to seal the side cavity connected to the cavity.

5. The hydraulic breaker for deep-water visualization operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A buffer chamber inflation valve assembly (23) is mounted on the waterproof housing (1); An inflation pipe (24) connects the buffer chamber inflation valve assembly (23) and the buffer chamber.

6. The hydraulic breaker for deep-water visualization operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underwater information acquisition device is a camera (28) or a sonar device.

7. The hydraulic breaker for deep-water visualization operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder body (5) is provided with a lubricating oil passage and an exhaust passage. The lubricating oil passage is connected to the drill rod cavity and a refueling check valve (15) is installed at its outer end. The exhaust passage is connected to the drill rod cavity and an exhaust check valve (30) is installed at its outer end.

8. A hydraulic breaker, comprising a hydraulic breaker hammer, characterized in that: The hydraulic breaker hammer is a hydraulic breaker hammer for deep-water visualization operations as described in claim 1.

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