A worm and worm gear structure for eliminating the vibration of the worm shaft

Abstract

The present invention discloses a worm and worm gear structure for eliminating the vibration of a worm gear shaft, which comprises a worm seat. A worm is installed in the worm seat. The worm gear assembly includes a worm gear and a worm gear shaft. The worm gear shaft is installed on two groups of bearings with floating blocks. There is a bearing force application device that presses the floating blocks against the worm gear shaft and the fixed blocks to eliminate the axial and radial clearances between the worm gear shaft and the bearings. There is a fitting force application device that presses the worm seat and the worm against the worm gear to eliminate the clearances between the worm gear and the worm, so that there are no clearances between the worm gear shaft and the mating parts in the radial, axial and circumferential directions, thereby eliminating vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of worm and worm gear transmission, and particularly relates to a worm and worm gear structure for eliminating the vibration of a worm shaft. Background Art

[0002] The characteristics of worm and worm gear transmission are large transmission ratio. The worm shaft, as the power output shaft, is subjected to large forces and has a low rotational speed, and can be self-locking. However, there are two major problems in practical applications. One is that there is a gap between the worm and the worm gear and the wear will increase. The other is the vibration of the output shaft caused by the bearing clearance of the output shaft. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a worm and worm gear structure for eliminating the vibration of a worm shaft, which includes a worm seat. A worm is installed in the worm seat. The worm gear combination includes a worm gear and a worm shaft. The worm shaft is installed on two sets of bearings with floating blocks. There is a bearing force application device that presses the floating block against the worm shaft and the fixed block to eliminate the axial and radial clearances between the worm shaft and the bearings. There is a fitting force application device that presses the worm seat and the worm against the worm gear to eliminate the clearance between the worm and the worm gear, so that there is no clearance between the worm shaft and the mating parts in the radial, axial, and circumferential directions, thereby eliminating vibration.

[0004] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A worm and worm gear structure for eliminating the vibration of a worm shaft includes a worm gear box. The worm gear box has a box body, a cover plate, a worm combination, and a worm gear combination. The worm combination includes a worm seat, a bearing, and a worm. The worm is rotatably connected to the worm seat;

[0005] The worm gear combination includes a worm gear and a worm shaft. Two sets of coaxial bearings with floating blocks are installed on the box body to support the worm shaft. The bearings with floating blocks are composed of a fixed block, a floating block, a bearing force application base, and a bearing force application device. At least one set of bearings with floating blocks can simultaneously limit the axial and radial positions of the worm shaft. When only one set of bearings with floating blocks can simultaneously limit the axial and radial positions of the worm shaft, the other set of bearings with floating blocks only limits the radial position of the worm shaft. The fixed block is connected to the box body. Both ends of the worm shaft have shaft support positions, which are respectively matched with the inner holes of the bearings with floating blocks at both ends. The bearing force application device makes the floating block fit with the worm shaft and the fixed block to eliminate the clearance of the worm gear bearings;

[0006] The worm seat has a limiting device relative to the worm gear box body in the axial direction of the worm shaft and a fitting force application device in the radial direction of the worm shaft. The fitting force application device acts on the worm combination to press the worm against the worm gear to eliminate the clearance between the worm and the worm gear.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, for the axial limiting device of the worm combination, holes are drilled in the worm gear box and the worm seat, and pins are inserted into the holes. The center lines of the holes and the pins are parallel to the center line of the worm gear, so that the worm seat can swing around the pin. An elastic element is arranged between the cover plate and the worm seat to press the worm combination against the worm gear.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, there are guide blocks on the worm gear box. There are groove areas on the guide blocks that are perpendicular to the axis of the worm and worm gear respectively. There are guide bumps at both ends of the worm seat that cooperate with the groove areas on the guide blocks to enable the worm seat to drive the worm to translate. An elastic element is between the cover plate and the worm seat to press the worm assembly against the worm gear.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the fixed block and the floating block are combined to form an inner hole. There are three grooves on the inner hole wall. The parting surfaces between the fixed block and the floating block are respectively arranged in two of the grooves. The force-applying base is relatively fixed to the fixed block. There is a force-applying device between the force-applying base and the floating block to press the floating block towards the fixed block direction, so that the floating block, the worm gear shaft, and the fixed block are in contact with each other. By using the three grooves, the fitting between the outer circle of the worm gear shaft and the inner hole of the housing is divided into three parts;

[0010] The central angle corresponding to the arc length of the concave area is between 30 and 120 degrees;

[0011] The depth of the groove area is greater than the maximum protrusion value obtained by the contact part of the worm shaft and the bearing at any central angle of the concave area.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, there are rolling elements between the inner hole formed by the fixed block and the floating block and the worm gear shaft.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, a bearing that simultaneously limits the radial and axial positions of the worm gear shaft, and the bearing and the fitting force-applying device are a spring or a cylinder or an oil cylinder.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, there are V-shaped protrusions or V-shaped grooves on the outer circle of the shaft, and there are grooves or protrusions on the inner holes of the fixed block and the floating block that cooperate with the V-shaped protrusions or grooves on the shaft.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, a bearing that simultaneously limits the radial and axial positions of the worm gear rotating shaft. There are V-shaped grooves on the shaft, the fixed block, and the floating block, and there is a rolling ball in the middle. The ball is in contact with the four V-shaped grooves.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, a bearing that only limits the radial position of the worm gear. The shaft is a cylinder, and the holes on the fixed block and the floating block are axially fitted.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, a bearing that only limits the radial position of the worm gear shaft. The shaft is a cylinder, the inner holes of the fixed block and the floating block are cylinders, and there is a cylindrical roller bearing in the middle.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention is provided with a fitting force - applying device to press the worm rod against the worm, eliminating the clearance between the worm and the worm gear. The worm gear bearing housing is divided into a fixed block and a floating block and is provided with a bearing force - applying device, eliminating the bearing clearance, so that the radial, axial, and circumferential clearances of the worm shaft are all eliminated, and the vibration of the worm shaft can be effectively eliminated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a front - view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a front - view structural schematic diagram of the present invention when the bearing with a floating block has a groove;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the roller of the bearing with a floating block having a groove of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bearing with a floating block of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a cross - sectional schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a top - view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guiding block of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 It is a schematic simplified diagram of the installation of the worm shaft and the worm in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 11 It is a schematic simplified diagram of the installation of the worm shaft and the worm in Embodiment 2 of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0031] Description of the reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Worm combination; 11. Worm; 12. Worm seat; 122. Guide projection of worm seat; 121. Pin hole of worm seat; 13. Worm bearing; 14. Guide block of worm seat; 141. Guide groove of guide block of worm seat; 15. Power input end of worm; 2. Worm gear combination; 21. Worm gear; 22. Worm gear shaft; 221. V-shaped projection of worm gear shaft; 222. V-shaped groove of worm gear shaft; 3. Bearing with floating block; 31. Fixed block; 32. Floating block; 33. Force application base; 34. Bearing force application device; 35. Groove between fixed block and floating block; 36. Gap between fixed block and floating block; 37. Roller between fixed block and floating block; 371. Spherical roller; 372. Cylindrical roller; 38. V-shaped groove of fixed block and floating block; 39. V-shaped groove of roller of fixed block and floating block; 4. Worm gear box; 41. Worm gear box cover; 42. Pin hole of worm gear box; 5. Rotating pin; 6. Fitting force application device. Detailed implementation mode

[0033] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in the disclosed methods or processes, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any way.

[0034] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any additional claims, abstract and drawings), unless specifically stated, can be replaced by other equivalent or similar-purpose alternative features. That is, unless specifically stated, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "one end", "the other end", "outer side", "upper", "inner side", "horizontal", "coaxial", "central", "end", "length", "outer end", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0036] In addition, in the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0037] Spatial relative position terms used in the present invention, such as "upper", "above", "lower", "below", etc., are for the purpose of facilitating description to describe the relationship of one unit or feature relative to another unit or feature as shown in the accompanying drawings. The spatial relative position terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation other than the orientation shown in the figures. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, the unit described as being "below" or "beneath" another unit or feature will be located "above" the other unit or feature. Therefore, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both the upper and lower orientations. The device can be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatially related descriptive terms used herein can be interpreted accordingly.

[0038] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "arranged", "socketed", "connected", "penetrated", "plugged in", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] As Figure 1 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 10 shown, there are two groups of coaxial bearings on the worm gear housing 4. The bearing 3 is composed of a fixed block 31, a floating block 32, a force application base 33, and a bearing force application device 34. Among them, the fixed block 31 is fixedly connected to the box wheel housing. There is a worm gear shaft 22 between the floating block and the fixed block. There is a bearing force application device 34 between the force application base 33 fixed on the fixed block and the floating block 32. The force application device 34 presses the floating block worm gear shaft 22 and the fixed block, so that the three are in contact. The round holes between the fixed block 31 and the floating block have grooves 32 at 3. There is a gap 36 between the fixed block 31 and the floating block 32. After the worm gear shaft 22 is pressed, there are three contact points between the floating block 32 and the fixed block 31, ensuring the stability of the worm gear shaft 22 in the radial direction. The cross-section of one of the two groups of bearings is cylindrical, and the basic contours of the corresponding bearing fixed block and floating block are also cylindrical holes. The cross-section shape of the other group is a V-shaped protrusion on the shaft. Figure 10 In 221, the inner holes of the fixed block 31 and the floating block 32 have a concave die 38 that cooperates with the protrusion 221. Under the action of the bearing force application device 34, the fixed block 31 and the floating block 32 are respectively on both sides of the V-shaped protrusion 221, and three contact points are formed. At the same time, the worm gear shaft is limited in both the axial and radial directions.

[0041] Figure 5 Inside the worm gear housing, there is a worm assembly at the same time, which consists of a worm 11, a worm seat 12, and a bearing 13. The worm 11 is rotatably connected to the worm seat. There is a pin hole 42 on the worm seat, and there is a pin hole 121 on the worm gear housing. The two are concentric and the center line is perpendicular to the center line of the worm and parallel to the center line of the worm gear. A pin is inserted into the pin hole 42 and the pin hole 121, so that the worm assembly 1 can swing around the pin 5.

[0042] Figure 6 Among them, there is a spring between the worm seat 12 and the worm gear housing cover as a fitting force application device, which presses the whole worm seat towards the worm gear, and swings as a whole around the pin 5 to eliminate the gap between the worm gear and the worm.

[0043] When the above device presses two sets of floating blocks and fixed blocks against the worm gear shaft respectively through two sets of bearing force application devices, it limits the axial and radial positions of the worm gear shaft. The fitting force application device fits the worm and the worm gear to eliminate the circumferential gap between the worm gear and the worm, and eliminates the vibration space of the worm gear shaft.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that there are rolling elements 37 between the fixed block 31, the floating block 32 and the worm gear shaft 22, as Figure 2 shown.

[0046] There are two sets of worm gear support bearings, which are two sets of bearings that only limit the radial position of the worm gear shaft and limit the radial and axial positions of the worm gear shaft at the same time. Figure 11 It is a cross-sectional view. The left bearing in the figure is a bearing that only limits the radial position of the worm gear shaft 22. There are several cylindrical rolling elements 372 between the shaft 22 and the inner hole formed by the fixed block 31 and the floating block 32. The right side in the figure is a bearing that can limit the radial and axial positions of the worm gear shaft at the same time. There is a V-shaped groove 222 on the worm gear shaft 22, and there are also V-shaped grooves 39 on the cross-section of the inner holes of the corresponding fixed block and floating block, and there are several rolling elements 371 in the middle.

[0047] Adding rolling elements between the worm gear shaft and the fixed block and the floating block can reduce the frictional force of the shaft rotation, and can be used in occasions with higher speeds, such as a CNC rotary table.

[0048] Embodiment 3

[0049] The difference from Embodiments 1 and 2 is that the axial limiting method of the worm assembly is as Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 shown.

[0050] On both inner sides of the worm gear box 4 at both ends in the axial length direction of the worm gear axis, there are worm seat guide blocks 14 respectively. There is a guide groove 141 on the guide block 14. The two guide blocks 14 are respectively fixed to the inner sides of the worm gear box 4 at both ends of the worm seat. The two guide grooves 141 are opposite to each other and the guide grooves are perpendicular to the worm gear and worm axes. At both ends of the worm seat 12, there are guide protrusions 122 respectively. The two guide protrusions 122 are respectively in movable cooperation with the two guide grooves 141.

[0051] There is a fitting force application device between the worm gear box cover 41 and the worm seat 12. Here, a spring presses the entire worm as a fitting force application device combination along the guide groove 141 towards the worm gear to eliminate the clearance between the worm gear and the worm in the circumferential movement direction of the worm gear.

[0052] The other structures of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, so they will not be specifically described in this embodiment. The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any change or replacement that can be thought of without creative work should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A worm and worm gear structure for eliminating the vibration of the worm shaft, comprising a worm gear box (4), the worm gear box (4) having a box body, a cover plate, a worm combination (1), and a worm gear combination (2). Characterized in that: The worm combination (1) includes a worm seat (12), bearings, and a worm (11), and the worm (11) is rotatably connected to the worm seat (12); the worm gear combination (2) includes a worm gear (21) and a worm shaft (22), and two sets of coaxial floating block bearings (3) are installed on the box body for supporting the worm shaft (22). The floating block bearing (3) is composed of a fixed block (31), a floating block (32), a bearing force application base (33), and a bearing force application device (34). At least one set of floating block bearings (3) can simultaneously limit the axial and radial positions of the worm shaft (22). When only one set of floating block bearings (3) simultaneously limits the axial and radial positions of the worm shaft (22), the other set of floating block bearings (3) only limits the radial position of the worm shaft (22). Only one of the fixed block (31) and the floating block (32) is connected to the box body. Both ends of the worm shaft (22) have shaft support positions, which are respectively matched with the inner holes of the floating block bearings (3) at both ends. The bearing force application device (34) makes the floating block (32) fit with the worm shaft (22) and the fixed block (31) to eliminate the worm bearing clearance; the worm seat (12) has a limiting device relative to the worm gear box (4) in the axial direction of the worm (11), and a fitting force application device (6) in the radial direction of the worm (11), which acts on the worm combination (1) to press the worm (11) towards the worm gear (21) to eliminate the clearance between the worm (21) and the worm (11); the fixed block (31) and the floating block (32) are combined to form an inner hole, and three grooves are provided on the inner hole wall. The parting surfaces between the fixed block (31) and the floating block (32) are respectively arranged in two of the grooves. The force application base (33) is relatively fixed to the fixed block (31), and there is a force application device between the force application base (33) and the floating block (32) to press the floating block (32) towards the fixed block (31) direction, so that the floating block (32), the worm shaft (22), and the fixed block (31) are in contact with each other. Using the three grooves, the outer circle of the worm shaft (22) and the inner hole of the outer shell are in contact with each other in three parts; the central angle corresponding to the arc length of the groove is between 30 and 120 degrees; the depth of the groove is greater than the maximum protrusion value obtained by the arc center angle of any concave area of the contact part between the worm (11) shaft and the bearing; for the bearing that simultaneously limits the radial and axial positions of the worm shaft (22), the fitting force application device (6) is a spring, a cylinder, or an oil cylinder.

2. The worm and worm gear structure for eliminating the vibration of the worm shaft according to claim 1, Characterized in that: For the axial limiting device of the worm combination (1), holes are drilled in the worm gear box (4) and the worm seat (12), and pins are inserted into the holes. The center lines of the holes and the pins are parallel to the center line of the worm gear (21), so that the worm seat (12) can swing around the pin. An elastic element is between the cover plate and the worm seat (12) to press the worm combination (1) towards the worm gear (21).

3. The worm and worm gear structure for eliminating the vibration of the worm shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are guide blocks on the worm gear box (4), and there are groove areas on the guide blocks perpendicular to the axial lines of the worm gear (21) and the worm (11) respectively. There are guide protrusions at both ends of the worm seat (12) that cooperate with the groove areas on the guide blocks to enable the worm seat (12) to drive the worm (11) to translate. An elastic element is between the cover plate and the worm seat (12) to press the worm assembly (1) against the worm gear (21).

4. The worm and worm gear structure for eliminating the vibration of the worm shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are rolling elements between the inner hole formed by the fixed block (31) and the floating block (32) and the worm shaft (22).

5. The worm and worm gear structure for eliminating the vibration of the worm shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are V-shaped protrusions or V-shaped grooves on the outer circle of the shaft, and there are grooves or protrusions on the inner holes of the fixed block (31) and the floating block (32) that cooperate with the V-shaped protrusions or grooves on the shaft.

6. The worm and worm gear structure for eliminating the vibration of the worm shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: Bearings that limit the worm gear (21) shaft both radially and axially. There are V-shaped grooves on the shaft, the fixed block (31), and the floating block (32). There is a rolling ball in the middle, and the ball contacts the two V-shaped grooves.

7. The worm and worm gear structure for eliminating the vibration of the worm shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: Bearings that only limit the worm gear (21) radially. The shaft is a cylinder, and the holes on the fixed block (31) and the floating block (32) are fitted axially.

8. The worm and worm gear structure for eliminating the vibration of the worm shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: Bearings that only limit the worm shaft (22) radially. The shaft is a cylinder, the inner holes of the fixed block (31) and the floating block (32) are cylinders, and there is a cylindrical roller (372) bearing in the middle.

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