A method for arranging blast holes in medium-deep hole blasting in an open-pit mine and a blasting method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for arranging blast holes and a blasting method for medium-deep holes in an open-pit mine, which relates to the technical field of blasting technology and is used for positioning blast holes on a blasting surface. The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Set up a blast hole arranging device on the blasting surface. The blast hole arranging device includes a fixed frame arranged on the ground outside the circumferential side of the blasting surface, a fixing member for fixing the fixed frame, and a positioning net arranged inside the fixed frame. The positioning net includes a number of long filaments and a number of short filaments. The number of short filaments is arranged at intervals along the length direction of the fixed frame, and the number of long filaments is arranged at intervals along the width direction of the fixed frame. A positioning grid is formed between two adjacent short filaments and between two adjacent long filaments; Step 2: Adjust the fixed frame so that the fixed frame is horizontally placed on the ground and the positioning net surrounds the blasting surface; Step 3: Calculate the spacing based on the number of spaced positioning grids, and then drill blast holes on the blasting surface below the corresponding positioning grids. This application has the effect of effectively improving the blasting efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of blasting, and particularly relates to a method for arranging blast holes in medium-deep hole blasting in an open-pit mine and a blasting method. Background Art

[0002] Blasting technology refers to an engineering technology that can, according to different engineering purposes, arrange explosive charges at designated positions and then use the energy generated by the explosion of the explosives to destroy the original structure of a certain object. Blasting technology is often used in open-pit mining. The general construction sequence is: trimming the bench, arranging blast holes, drilling, charging, stemming, network connection, network detection, warning, initiation, and post-blast inspection.

[0003] First, according to the construction requirements, position the blast holes on the blasting surface. Then, drill the blast holes at the designated positions. After drilling is completed, fill the blast holes with explosives and detonating detonators. Then, fill the upper section of the blast holes with soil for sealing. After the arrangement is completed, carry out protection around the blasting surface. Finally, detonate the detonating detonator to complete the entire blasting work.

[0004] Before drilling the blast holes, it is necessary to position the blast hole positions according to the blasting requirements. The distance between adjacent blast holes needs to be measured using tools, and overall, the blast hole positioning takes a long time, resulting in low blasting efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the blasting efficiency, the present application provides a method for arranging blast holes in medium-deep hole blasting in an open-pit mine and a blasting method.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for arranging blast holes in medium-deep hole blasting in an open-pit mine, which is used for positioning blast holes on a blasting surface and includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Set a blast hole arranging device on the blasting surface. The blast hole arranging device includes a fixed frame arranged on the ground outside the circumferential side of the blasting surface, a fixing member for fixing the fixed frame, and a positioning net arranged in the fixed frame. The positioning net includes a plurality of long filaments and a plurality of short filaments. The plurality of short filaments are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the fixed frame, and the plurality of long filaments are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the fixed frame. A positioning grid is formed between two adjacent short filaments and between two adjacent long filaments;

[0008] Step 2: Adjust the fixed frame so that the fixed frame is horizontally placed on the ground and the positioning net surrounds the blasting surface;

[0009] Step 3: Calculate the distance according to the number of spaced positioning grids, and then drill blast holes on the blasting surface below the corresponding positioning grids.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, before drilling holes, the fixing frame is first placed on the ground so that the positioning frame surrounds the blasting surface. Then, the fixing frame is adjusted to be horizontal and fixed in position by fixing members. At this time, the positioning net covers the blasting surface and is horizontally laid above the blasting surface. The positioning grid facilitates the drillers to calculate the drilling spacing. The positioning net on the fixing frame is horizontally arranged, which can reduce the spacing calculation error, shorten the construction period as a whole, and thus improve the drilling efficiency.

[0011] Optionally, the fixing frame includes four fixing rods connected end to end in sequence. Grooves are formed on the upper sides of two opposite fixing rods along the length direction of the fixing rods, and the grooves penetrate through one side of the two fixing rods close to each other. A connecting groove is formed on the upper side of the other fixing rod, and the connecting groove penetrates through the inner side of the fixing frame. The connecting groove communicates with the two grooves. One end of a support rod is rotatably connected to one side of each groove away from the connecting groove. One end of a connecting rod is connected to the other end of the support rod away from the rotation. The two support rods are connected to both ends of the same connecting rod, and the connecting rod is inserted into the connecting groove. The adjacent three sides of the positioning net are respectively connected to the mutually close sides of the support rod and the connecting rod. Installation grooves are formed on the lower sides of the support rods along the length direction of the support rods. One end of an abutting rod is rotatably connected to one side of each installation groove close to the connecting groove, and the other ends of the abutting rods abut against the inner wall of the connecting groove away from the groove. The rotation axes of the support rod and the abutting rod are parallel to each other, and a locking component for fixing the support rod is arranged on the fixing frame.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, after the drilling is completed, rotate the two support rods to drive the connecting rod to move upward, then take out the abutting rod from the installation groove, and make the end of the abutting rod abut against the inner wall of the connecting groove. After preliminary fixing, use the locking component to lock the position of the support rod, so that the positioning net is inclined on one side of the blasting surface. During subsequent blasting, the positioning net can effectively play a protective role and block large flying stones. Moreover, as a side protective net, it can reduce the on-site support workload, and thus further improve the blasting efficiency.

[0013] Optionally, adjusting grooves are formed on the upper sides of the support rods away from the rotation positions of the support rods, and adjusting rods are screwed in the adjusting grooves. The lower ends of the adjusting rods abut against the lower side wall of the connecting groove, and the upper ends of the adjusting rods penetrate through the upper ends of the adjusting grooves.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, adjusting rods are screwed on both support rods. Before drilling, the fixing frame is roughly horizontally laid on the ground and fixed by fixing members. Then rotate the adjusting rods, and the lower ends of the adjusting rods always abut tightly against the lower side wall of the connecting groove, so as to drive the support rod and the connecting rod to rise and fall, further drive the positioning net to rise and fall, and level the positioning net, effectively reducing the drilling error.

[0015] Optionally, sliding grooves are formed on the upper sides of the support rod, the connecting rod, and a fixed rod opposite to the connecting rod. The sliding groove on the upper side of the support rod is formed along the length direction of the support rod, the sliding groove on the upper side of the connecting rod is formed along the length direction of the connecting rod, and the sliding groove on the upper side of a fixed rod opposite to the connecting rod is formed along the length direction of the fixed rod. Slots are formed on both opposite sides of the sliding groove along the length direction of the sliding groove. Both ends of the long filament and the short filament are connected with sliding members. Each sliding member includes a round plate slidably connected in the slot, a sliding rod arranged on the round plate, a pressing plate screwed to the sliding rod, and a handle connected to the upper end of the sliding rod. The sliding rod is slidably connected in the sliding groove. The lower side of the pressing plate abuts against the upper side of the support rod, the connecting rod or the fixed rod, and the handle protrudes out of the sliding groove.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, sliding members are arranged at the ends of the long filament and the short filament, and the sliding rod is slidably connected in the sliding groove. When the size of the positioning grid needs to be adjusted, manually restrict the rotation of the pressing plate, and then rotate the handle, so that the pressing plate can move upward. After the adjustment is completed, restrict the rotation of the pressing plate, and then rotate the handle again, so that the pressing plate can move downward until it abuts against the upper side of the support rod, the connecting rod or the fixed rod, and the position adjustment of the long filament or the short filament can be realized, that is, the size of the positioning grid can be adjusted, so that the positioning net can adapt to the drilling requirements of different spacings, and it is more convenient for drilling positioning.

[0017] Optionally, scale lines are arranged on the upper sides of the fixed rods.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, scale lines are arranged on the fixed rods, which is convenient for adjusting the position of the sliding member, and then convenient for positioning the positions of both ends of the short filament and the long filament, saving the time for adjusting each dimension of the positioning, and then shortening the entire hole layout cycle.

[0019] Optionally, each locking assembly includes a rotating member arranged on the fixed frame and a safety net with one end connected to the rotating member. The rotating member is arranged on the fixed frame close to the connecting rod side, the other end of the safety net is connected to the side of the connecting rod away from the support rod, and the axis of the rotating member is parallel to the axis of the connecting rod.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, a rotating member is arranged on the fixed frame, and a safety net is connected to the rotating member. When drilling positioning is carried out, the positioning net is laid flat above the blasting surface. At this time, the safety net is wound on the rotating member. Before blasting, the support rod can be taken out. When the support rod rotates, it drives the connecting rod and the safety net on the connecting rod to move upward. When the abutting rod supports the support rod, the safety net is in a taut state, which can effectively play a role in protecting one side of the blasting, and realize the fixation of the abutting rod.

[0021] Optionally, the rotating member includes two ear plates oppositely arranged near both ends on the upper side of the fixed rod, a roller, and two bearings. Through holes are respectively formed at corresponding positions on the mutually approaching side surfaces of the two ear plates. The outer rings of the bearings are respectively connected to the inner walls of the corresponding through holes. Both ends of the roller are respectively connected to the inner ring of a corresponding bearing, and one end of the roller penetrates out of the ear plate. The end of the safety net away from the connecting rod is connected to the roller, and the axis of the roller is parallel to the axis of the connecting rod.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, after the blasting is completed, when the safety net is wound up, the construction personnel can drive the roller to wind up the safety net by rotating the roller protruding out of the ear plate, and bearings are arranged on the roller to reduce the friction coefficient, which is more convenient for winding up the safety net.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides a blasting method for medium-deep hole blasting in an open-pit mine, adopting the following technical solution:

[0024] A blasting method for medium-deep hole blasting in an open-pit mine includes the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Adjust the size of the positioning grid according to the drilling requirements, and then drill blast holes in the corresponding positioning grids in sequence;

[0026] Step 2: After the drilling is completed, install detonators in the blast holes, fill with explosives, and then backfill the blast holes with soil;

[0027] Step 3: Rotate the support rod so that the two abutting rods respectively abut against both sides of the connection groove, and then set protections on both sides of the adjacent safety net and positioning net on the blasting surface;

[0028] Step 4: Initiate the explosion.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, after the hole layout device is installed, adjust the size of the positioning grid according to the blasting requirements, then drill blast holes in the corresponding positioning grids, install detonators and explosives in the blast holes, fill the upper end of the blast holes with soil, and then enclose the blasting surface to start the initiation. The positioning of the blast holes saves time and effectively shortens the on-site blasting cycle.

[0030] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0031] 1. A fixed frame is arranged on the blasting surface, a positioning net is arranged on the fixed frame, the positioning net is horizontally arranged above the blasting surface, a plurality of positioning grids on the positioning net are arranged at intervals, and the size of the positioning grid is known. The drilling personnel can calculate the distance between adjacent blast holes according to the size of the positioning grid and the number of spaced positioning grids, which is convenient for blast hole positioning and effectively shortens the hole layout cycle;

[0032] 2. Scale lines are provided on the upper side of the fixed rod along the length direction of the fixed rod. Both ends of the long filament and the short filament are connected to the sliding member, and the sliding member is slidably connected in the sliding groove. The sliding member can drive the long filament and the short filament to slide, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the positioning grid size according to specific blasting requirements and making it more convenient to determine the position of the blast hole according to the requirements.

[0033] 3. One end of the support rod is rotatably connected to the side wall of the groove. After the drilling is completed, the support rod can be rotated, so that the support rod drives the connecting rod to rotate, and the connecting rod pulls the safety net. After the support rod abuts against the inner wall of the connecting groove, the safety net is in a straightened state. At this time, the safety net and the positioning net are located on both sides above the blasting surface, which can effectively play a protective role. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 2 is Figure 1 The sectional structure schematic diagram at A-A in

[0036] Figure 3 is Figure 2 The enlarged structure schematic diagram at A in

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hole layout device in the embodiment of the present application when it is opened.

[0038] Figure 5 is Figure 4 The enlarged structure schematic diagram at B in

[0039] Figure 6 is Figure 4 The enlarged structure schematic diagram at C in

[0040] Figure 7 It is the overall enlarged structure schematic diagram of the sliding member in the embodiment of the present application.

[0041] DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0042] 1, Blasting surface; 11, Blast hole; 2, Fixed frame; 21, Fixed rod; 211, Groove; 212, Connecting groove; 213, Fixed groove; 3, Fixing member; 31, Fixed anchor rod; 32, Fixed anchor plate; 321, Waist-shaped groove; 4, Positioning net; 41, Long filament; 42, Short filament; 5, Positioning grid; 6, Support rod; 61, Installation groove; 62, Adjustment groove; 7, Connecting rod; 8, Abutting rod; 9, Locking assembly; 91, Rotating member; 911, Ear plate; 9111, Through hole; 912, Roller; 913, Bearing; 92, Safety net; 10, Adjusting rod; 20, Sliding groove; 30, Slot; 40, Sliding member; 401, Circular plate; 402, Sliding rod; 403, Tightening plate; 404, Handle; 50, Rotating rod. Detailed implementation mode

[0043] The following will further elaborate on the present invention in conjunction with the attached Figures 1-7 drawings.

[0044] A method for arranging blast holes in medium-deep holes in an open-pit mine disclosed in an embodiment of the present application is used to position blast holes 11 on a blasting surface 1, and includes the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: As Figure 1 、 2 shown, a blast hole arranging device is installed on the ground in the circumferential direction of the blasting surface 1, such that the blast hole arranging device is located above the blasting surface 1.

[0046] The blast hole arranging device includes a fixed frame 2 fixed on the ground outside the circumferential direction of the blasting surface 1, a fixing member 3 for fixing the fixed frame 2, and a positioning net 4 installed in the fixed frame 2. As Figure 2 、 3 shown, the positioning net 4 includes a number of filaments 41 and a number of short filaments 42. The filaments 41 and the short filaments 42 are perpendicular to each other. The number of filaments 41 are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the fixed frame 2, and the number of short filaments 42 are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the fixed frame 2. A positioning grid 5 is formed between two adjacent filaments 41 and two adjacent short filaments 42.

[0047] The fixed frame 2 is placed on the ground around the blasting surface 1, such that the positioning net 4 is located above the blasting surface 1.

[0048] Step 2: Adjust the fixed frame 2, such that the fixed frame 2 is horizontally placed on the ground, and the positioning net 4 surrounds the blasting surface 1.

[0049] As Figure 2 、 3 shown, the fixed frame 2 includes four fixed rods 21 connected in sequence. On the upper side surfaces of two opposite fixed rods 21, grooves 211 are formed along the length direction of the fixed rod 21. The grooves 211 penetrate through the side surface of the fixed rod 21 close to the positioning net 4. On the upper side surface of one fixed rod 21 on one side of the groove 211, a connection groove 212 is formed along the length direction of this fixed rod 21. The connection groove 212 communicates with the groove 211.

[0050] On the side surfaces of the grooves 211 away from each other, rotating rods 50 are perpendicularly connected. The rotating rods 50 are located on the side of the grooves 211 away from the connection groove 212. On each rotating rod 50, a support rod 6 is rotatably connected. At the ends of the two support rods 6 away from the rotating rods 50, a connecting rod 7 is connected. Both ends of the connecting rod 7 are perpendicularly connected to a corresponding support rod 6.

[0051] As Figure 4 、 6As shown in the figure, an installation groove 61 is formed on the lower side surface of the support rod 6 along the length direction of the support rod 6. A contact rod 8 is rotatably connected in the installation groove 61. The rotating ends of the contact rod 8 and the support rod 6 are far away from each other, and the rotating axis of the contact rod 8 is parallel to the rotating axis of the support rod 6. An adjustment groove 62 penetrating the support rod 6 is formed on the upper side surface of the support rod 6. An adjustment rod 10 is screwed in the adjustment groove 62. The lower end of the adjustment rod 10 abuts against the lower side wall of the connection groove 212. The two adjustment rods 10 are arranged oppositely.

[0052] Both ends of the short wire 42 are respectively connected to the corresponding support rod 6. One end of the long wire 41 is connected to the connecting rod 7, and the other end of the long wire 41 is connected to a fixing rod 21 opposite to the connecting rod 7.

[0053] Place the fixing frame 2 on the ground. After preliminary leveling, use the fixing member 3 to fix the position of the fixing frame 2. At this time, the positioning net 4 is located above the blasting surface 1. Rotate the adjustment rod 10, and the adjustment rod 10 always abuts against the lower end of the connection groove 212. Then, during the rotation of the adjustment rod 10, the support rod 6 and the connecting rod 7 at one end of the support rod 6 are lifted or lowered, thereby driving the positioning net 4 to be lifted or lowered to achieve more accurate leveling.

[0054] Step 3: Calculate the spacing according to the number of the positioning grids 5 at intervals, and then drill blast holes 11 on the blasting surface 1 below the corresponding positioning grids 5.

[0055] Sliding grooves 20 are formed on the upper side surfaces of the support rod 6, the connecting rod 7, and a fixing rod 21 opposite to the connecting rod 7. The sliding grooves 20 are formed along the length direction of the support rod 6, the connecting rod 7, or a fixing rod 21 opposite to the connecting rod 7. Insertion slots 30 are formed on the opposite side walls of the sliding grooves 20 along the length direction of the sliding grooves 20. A plurality of sliding members 40 are slidably connected in the insertion slots 30.

[0056] As Figure 3 、 7 shown, the sliding member 40 includes a circular plate 401 slidably connected in the insertion slot 30, a sliding rod 402 vertically installed in the middle of the upper side surface of the circular plate 401, a handle 404 connected to the upper end of the sliding rod 402, and a pressing plate 403 rotatably connected to the sliding rod 402. The radial two ends of the circular plate 401 are slidably connected in the corresponding side insertion slot 30. The sliding rod 402 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 20. The lower side surface of the pressing plate 403 abuts against the side surface of the support rod 6, the connecting rod 7, or a fixing rod 21 opposite to the connecting rod 7. The end of the long wire 41 or the short wire 42 is connected to the pressing plate 403 in the corresponding sliding member 40.

[0057] Rotate the handle 404 to raise the pressing plate 403, then move the sliding member 40 according to the requirements of the cloth hole size. The sliding member 40 drives the long filaments 41 and the short filaments 42 to move. After the adjustment is completed, rotate the handle 404 in the reverse direction to lower the pressing plate 403 screwed on the sliding rod 402 until the lower side surface of the pressing plate 403 abuts against the upper side surfaces of the support rods 6, the connecting rods 7 or the fixed rods 21, so as to realize the size adjustment of the positioning grid 5. Then, according to the number of the positioning grids 5, calculate the distance between adjacent blast holes 11.

[0058] As Figure 1 shown, before cloth hole, first place the fixed frame 2 on the ground so that the positioning frame surrounds the blasting surface 1, then adjust the fixed frame 2 to be horizontal, and then use the fixing member 3 to fix the position of the fixed frame 2. After the position of the fixed frame 2 is fixed, rotate the adjusting rod 10 to level the positioning net 4 again. The positioning net 4 covers the blasting surface 1 and is horizontally laid above the blasting surface 1. The size of the positioning grid 5 is adjusted according to the blasting requirements. Generally, it is convenient for the drilling personnel to determine the drilling distance, with small errors, and the distance between adjacent long filaments 41 and short filaments 42 is adjustable. And after the adjustment is completed, it can be transported to the blasting site for use, which generally shortens the drilling construction period and thus improves the drilling efficiency.

[0059] Scale lines (not shown in the figure) are engraved on the upper side surfaces of the fixed rods 21 along the length direction of the fixed rods 21. When adjusting the position of the sliding member 40, align with the scales marked on the scale lines, which can facilitate the adjusting personnel to determine the adjustment distance and effectively improve the adjustment efficiency of the long filaments 41 and the short filaments 42.

[0060] As Figure 3 shown, the fixing member 3 includes a fixing anchor rod 31 and a fixing anchor plate 32 located at the upper end of the fixing anchor rod 31. Fixing grooves 213 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the fixed rods 21 on the upper side surfaces of the two fixed rods 21 of adjacent support rods 6. The fixing grooves 213 are circular grooves, the fixing anchor plate 32 is a circular plate body, and the fixing anchor rod 31 and the fixing anchor plate 32 are of an integral structure. Four fixing members 3 are installed at intervals along the length direction of the fixed rods 21.

[0061] The lower end of the fixing anchor rod 31 is inserted into the fixing groove 213, passes through the fixed rod 21 downward and extends into the ground. The fixing anchor plate 32 is inserted into the fixing groove 213, and the lower side surface of the fixing anchor plate 32 abuts against the lower inner wall of the fixing groove 213. Two waist-shaped grooves 321 are cross-opened on the upper side surface of the fixing anchor plate 32, and the two waist-shaped grooves 321 communicate with each other.

[0062] When fixing the fixing frame 2, insert the fixing anchor rod 31 through the fixing groove 213 and the fixing rod 21, so that the fixing anchor rod 31 is inserted into the ground. The fixing anchor plate 32 abuts against the lower side wall of the fixing groove 213, thereby fixing the position of the fixing frame 2. When the blasting is over, manually insert a tool into the waist-shaped groove 321 and rotate the fixing member 3 to facilitate the separation of the fixing member 3 from the fixing frame 2. The operation is simple and the disassembly is convenient.

[0063] As Figure 4 , 5 shown, a locking assembly 9 is installed on a fixing rod 21 close to the connecting rod 7. The locking assembly 9 includes a rotating member 91 installed on the fixing rod 21 and a safety net 92 connected to the rotating member 91. The rotating member 91 includes two ear plates 911 relatively fixed on the fixing rod 21, a rotating roller 912 and two bearings 913. The two ear plates 911 are respectively located at both ends of the upper side of the fixing rod 21. Through holes 9111 penetrating the ear plates 911 are formed in the middle of the two ear plates 911. The two bearings 913 are respectively installed in a corresponding through hole 9111. Both ends of the rotating roller 912 are fixedly connected to the inner ring of a corresponding bearing 913, and one end penetrates out of the through hole 9111.

[0064] As Figure 2 , 5 shown, there is a gap between the connecting rod 7 and the side wall of the connecting groove 212. One end of the safety net 92 is connected to the rotating roller 912 and is wound around the rotating roller 912. The other end of the safety net 92 is connected to the side of the connecting rod 7 away from the positioning net 4.

[0065] As Figure 2 , 4 shown, when the drilling of the blast hole 11 is completed, rotate the support rod 6. The support rod 6 drives the connecting rod 7 and the safety net 92 on the connecting rod 7 to move upward. As the end of the safety net 92 connected to the connecting rod 7 moves upward, the safety net 92 wound around the rotating roller 912 unfolds. After the support rod 6 moves upward, take out the abutting rod 8 in the installation groove 61 so that one end of the abutting rod 8 abuts tightly against the connecting groove 212. At this time, the safety net 92 is in a straightened state, and the axis of the rotating roller 912 is parallel to the axis of the connecting rod 7.

[0066] After the drilling is completed, move the support rod 6 and the connecting rod 7 upward to drive the positioning net 4 and the safety net 92 to move to both sides above the blasting surface 1. When the safety net 92 is straightened, under the pulling force between the safety net 92 and the positioning net 4, their relative positions are kept fixed. During blasting, the safety net 92 and the positioning net 4 can be used as protective nets to block some of the flying stones generated during the blasting process, effectively reducing the on-site support time, and thus improving the blasting efficiency.

[0067] As Figure 5As shown, the bearing 913 can effectively reduce the friction coefficient between the roller 912 and the ear plate 911. When the blasting is over and the safety net 92 needs to be wound up, by rotating one end of the roller 912 passing through the ear plate 911, the roller 912 can be driven to rotate and wind up, which is convenient for the on-site operators to use.

[0068] The implementation principle of the blast hole layout method for medium-deep hole blasting in an open-pit mine in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0069] Install the fixed frame 2 on the blasting surface 1. After fixing the fixed frame 2, rotate the adjusting rod 10. The adjusting rod 10 drives the support rod 6 to rise and fall. After rising and falling until the positioning net 4 is horizontal, judge the distance between adjacent blast holes 11 according to the size of a single positioning grid 5 and the number of spaced positioning grids 5, and then realize the positioning of the blast holes 11. Then drill holes in the corresponding positioning grids 5 to achieve blast hole layout positioning.

[0070] The embodiment of the present application also discloses a blasting method for medium-deep hole blasting in an open-pit mine, including the following steps:

[0071] Step 1: As Figure 1 、 3 shown, fix the blast hole layout device, and then according to the drilling requirements, slide the sliding member 40. The sliding member 40 drives the long wire 41 or the short wire 42 to move. Corresponding to the scale line, slide the long wire 41 and the short wire 42 to the corresponding positions. Rotate the handle 404 to make the pressing plate 403 move downward. After the lower side of the pressing plate 403 abuts against the upper sides of the fixed rod 21, the support rod 6 or the connecting rod 7, adjust the positions of the long wire 41 and the short wire 42 in turn, and then drill the blast holes 11 in the corresponding positioning grids 5 in turn according to the drilling requirements;

[0072] Step 2: After drilling, install a detonator (not shown in the figure) in the blast hole 11, and fill the inside of the blast hole 11 with explosives. Leave the upper end of the blast hole 11 and backfill it with soil to fill the blast hole 11;

[0073] Step 3: Rotate the support rod 6 so that the two abutting rods 8 respectively abut against both sides of the connection groove 212. When the support rod 6 rotates, the connecting rod 7 moves upward with the support rod 6 and pulls the safety net 92. After the position of the support rod 6 is fixed, the safety net 92 and the positioning net 4 respectively enclose the two opposite sides of the blasting surface 1, and then set protections on both sides of the adjacent safety net 92 and the positioning net 4 on the blasting surface 1;

[0074] Step 4: Initiate the explosion.

[0075] After installing the hole drilling device, adjust the size of the positioning grid 5 according to the blasting requirements. Then, drill blast holes 11 in the corresponding positioning grid 5. Next, install detonators in the blast holes 11, and then fill the blast holes 11 with explosives, leaving the upper ends of the blast holes 11. Backfill with soil. After filling the blast holes 11, enclose the perimeter of the blasting surface 1, and then detonation can begin. Using the hole drilling device for positioning the blast holes 11 can effectively shorten the drilling time and thus effectively shorten the blasting construction period.

[0076] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and the protection scope of this application is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A medium-length hole blasting hole layout device for open-pit mines, which is used for positioning blast holes (11) on a blasting surface (1), and is characterized in that: The hole-arranging device includes a fixing frame (2) arranged on the ground outside the circumferential side of the blasting surface (1), a fixing member (3) for fixing the fixing frame (2), and a positioning net (4) arranged in the fixing frame (2). The positioning net (4) includes a plurality of long filaments (41) and a plurality of short filaments (42). The plurality of short filaments (42) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the fixing frame (2), and the plurality of long filaments (41) are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the fixing frame (2). A positioning grid (5) is formed between two adjacent short filaments (42) and between two adjacent long filaments (41). The fixing frame (2) includes four fixing rods (21) connected end to end in sequence. Grooves (211) are formed on the upper surfaces of two opposite fixing rods (21) along the length direction of the fixing rods (21). The grooves (211) penetrate through one side of the two fixing rods (21) close to each other. A connecting groove (212) is formed on the upper surface of another one of the fixing rods (21). The connecting groove (212) penetrates through the inner side of the fixing frame (2). The connecting groove (212) communicates with the two grooves (211). A support rod (6) is rotatably connected to one side of each of the grooves (211) away from the connecting groove (212). A connecting rod (7) is connected to the end of the support rod (6) away from the rotating end. The two support rods (6) are connected to both ends of the same connecting rod (7). The connecting rod (7) is inserted into the connecting groove (212). The sides of the support rod (6) and the connecting rod (7) close to each other are respectively connected to three adjacent sides of the positioning net (4). Installation grooves (61) are formed on the lower surfaces of the support rods (6) along the length direction of the support rods (6). A contact rod (8) is rotatably connected to one side of each of the installation grooves (61) close to the connecting groove (212). The other ends of the contact rods (8) abut against the inner wall of one side of the connecting groove (212) away from the groove (211). The rotation axes of the support rod (6) and the contact rod (8) are parallel to each other. A locking assembly (9) for fixing the support rod (6) is arranged on the fixing frame (2). The locking assembly (9) includes a rotating member (91) arranged on the fixing frame (2) and a safety net (92) with one end connected to the rotating member (91). The rotating member (91) is arranged on the fixing frame (2) close to one side of the connecting rod (7). The other end of the safety net (92) is connected to one side of the connecting rod (7) away from the support rod (6). The axis of the rotating member (91) is parallel to the axis of the connecting rod (7). The rotating member (91) includes two ear plates (911) oppositely arranged near both ends on the upper side of the fixed rod (21), a roller (912), and two bearings (913). Through holes (9111) are respectively formed at corresponding positions on the opposite sides of the two ear plates (911) facing each other. The outer rings of the bearings (913) are respectively connected to the inner walls of the corresponding through holes (9111). Both ends of the roller (912) are respectively connected to the inner rings of a corresponding bearing (913), and one end of the roller (912) passes through the ear plate (911). One end of the safety net (92) far from the connecting rod (7) is connected to the roller (912), and the axis of the roller (912) is parallel to the axis of the connecting rod (7).

2. The deep-hole blasting hole layout device for open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjusting grooves (62) are respectively formed on the upper sides of the support rods (6) far from the rotation positions of the support rods (6). Adjusting rods (10) are threadedly connected in the adjusting grooves (62). The lower ends of the adjusting rods (10) abut against the lower side walls of the connecting grooves (212), and the upper ends of the adjusting rods (10) pass through the upper ends of the adjusting grooves (62).

3. The deep-hole blasting hole layout device for open-pit mines according to claim 1, wherein: Sliding grooves (20) are respectively formed on the upper sides of the support rods (6), the connecting rods (7), and a fixed rod (21) opposite to the connecting rod (7). The sliding grooves (20) on the upper sides of the support rods (6) are formed along the length direction of the support rods (6). The sliding grooves (20) on the upper sides of the connecting rods (7) are formed along the length direction of the connecting rods (7). The sliding grooves (20) on the upper side of a fixed rod (21) opposite to the connecting rod (7) are formed along the length direction of the fixed rod (21). Slots (30) are respectively formed on both opposite sides of the sliding grooves (20) along the length direction of the sliding grooves (20). Both ends of the long filaments (41) and the short filaments (42) are connected with sliding members (40). Each sliding member (40) includes a round plate (401) slidably connected in the slot (30), a sliding rod (402) arranged on the round plate (401), a pressing plate (403) threadedly connected to the sliding rod (402), and a handle (404) connected to the upper end of the sliding rod (402). The sliding rod (402) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (20). The lower side surface of the pressing plate (403) abuts against the upper side surface of the support rod (6), the connecting rod (7), or the fixed rod (21), and the handle (404) protrudes outside the sliding groove (20).

4. The deep-hole blasting hole layout device for open-pit mines according to claim 3, wherein: Scale lines are respectively arranged on the upper side surfaces of the fixed rods (21).

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