A coal mine tunnel deformation dynamic monitoring system and method

Abstract

The application provides a coal mine tunnel deformation dynamic monitoring system and method, the coal mine tunnel deformation dynamic monitoring system includes tunnel surrounding rock, control module and at least one detection module; The detection module includes support frame and mobile base, the support frame includes the arc-shaped frame that is laid on the top of the tunnel surrounding rock, a plurality of monitoring anchor columns are equidistantly arranged on the arc-shaped frame in the circumferential direction, the monitoring anchor column is connected with the tunnel surrounding rock and the arc-shaped frame;The arc-shaped frame is provided with a sliding channel, the sliding channel is slidably connected with the mobile base, the mobile base is provided with a first detection component and a second detection component, the control module is electrically connected with the first detection component and the second detection component respectively, and the deformation condition is analyzed according to the first displacement and the second displacement. The application reduces the interference of human factors, accurately grasps the deformation site, and improves the detection accuracy.

Description

A Dynamic Monitoring System and Method for Coal Mine Roadway Deformation Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mine safety detection technology, and relates to a dynamic monitoring system and method for deformation of coal mine roadways. Background Technology

[0002] Mine roadways are engineering works carved into different rocks along different directions, at different angles, with different cross-sections and lengths, used for ore transportation, ventilation, drainage, pedestrian access, and for extracting ore for metallurgical equipment. Deep mining roadways and soft rock roadways often experience continuous deformation and damage to the surrounding rock, causing the roadway cross-section to shrink continuously. Currently, the most effective support methods for controlling roadway surrounding rock deformation include grouting reinforcement, and the use of various methods and combinations such as anchor bolts, anchor cables, metal mesh, retractable metal supports, shotcrete, and backfilling.

[0003] However, while existing support systems can solve the problem of continuous roadway repair to some extent, they are expensive, and the surrounding rock continues to deform and deteriorate after roadway repair, eventually causing the surrounding rock and support to deform and deteriorate again, leading to various safety accidents.

[0004] Currently, manual monitoring is commonly used to measure and calculate relevant parameters of roadways. However, due to the long length of the roadways and the large number of monitoring points, it is time-consuming and labor-intensive to monitor each monitoring point manually. There are also large monitoring blind spots. Furthermore, manual monitoring requires climbing to install and observe, which poses significant safety risks, is inefficient, and is highly subjective, leading to a decrease in accuracy.

[0005] Therefore, it is very important to realize unmanned and intelligent monitoring of roadway deformation and solve the problems of low monitoring efficiency and poor monitoring accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a dynamic monitoring system and method for deformation of coal mine roadways. This system utilizes monitoring anchors to connect the roadway surrounding rock with an arc-shaped frame. When deformation occurs in the roadway surrounding rock, the relative movement of the monitoring anchors is observed, allowing for analysis of the degree of deformation. This reduces interference from human factors, accurately identifies deformation sites, and improves detection accuracy.

[0007] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a dynamic monitoring system for deformation of coal mine roadways, the dynamic monitoring system for deformation of coal mine roadways includes roadway surrounding rock, a control module and at least one detection module;

[0009] The top plate of the surrounding rock of the roadway has several connecting through holes. The detection module includes a support frame and a movable base. The support frame includes an arc-shaped frame laid on the top of the surrounding rock of the roadway. Several monitoring anchors are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the arc-shaped frame. One end of the monitoring anchor extends into the surrounding rock of the roadway through the connecting through hole, and the other end is movably connected to the arc-shaped frame.

[0010] A sliding channel is provided inside the arc-shaped frame, and the sliding channel is slidably connected to the movable base. A first detection component and a second detection component are provided on the movable base. The first detection component is used to collect the first displacement of the monitoring anchor extending into the arc-shaped frame, and the second detection component is used to collect the second displacement of the movable base. The control module is electrically connected to the first detection component and the second detection component respectively, and performs deformation analysis based on the first displacement and the second displacement.

[0011] In this invention, a monitoring anchor is used to connect the surrounding rock of the roadway to the arc-shaped frame. When the surrounding rock deforms, the monitoring anchor moves relative to the arc-shaped frame, gradually moving closer to or away from it. A gap is left between the sidewall of the arc-shaped frame and the sliding channel, based on the limit deformation, to accommodate the displacement of the monitoring anchor. The first detection component collects the displacement of the monitoring anchor as it extends into the arc-shaped frame, determining whether the surrounding rock has deformed and analyzing the degree of deformation to reflect the deformation state in real time. Simultaneously, the sliding of the moving base is monitored in real time, and the specific location of the deformation is determined based on the sliding amount of the moving base. This eliminates the need for manual monitoring, reducing human interference, enabling timely detection of deformation, precise identification of deformation points, and prevention of safety hazards such as rockfall in the roadway.

[0012] It should be noted that the surrounding rock of the roadway in this invention includes a roof slab, a floor slab, and side slabs at both ends. The arc-shaped frame is arranged along the roof slab of the roadway surrounding rock and supported by monitoring anchors, which improves structural strength and prevents roof collapse that could cause safety accidents. Furthermore, this invention uses at least one detection module. Those skilled in the art can determine the number of detection modules based on the roadway length and arrange them along the length of the roadway for full-length monitoring.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an arc-shaped rack is provided in the sliding channel.

[0014] Preferably, the movable base is further provided with a movable gear and a drive motor that are connected by transmission. The drive motor is used to drive the movable gear to rotate. The movable gear meshes with the arc-shaped rack to drive the movable base to slide in the sliding channel.

[0015] In this invention, the arc-shaped rack extends along the sliding channel, and the moving gear is driven to rotate by the drive motor. The moving gear meshes with the rack, thereby driving the moving base to slide within the sliding channel.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first detection component includes an image acquisition mechanism disposed on the movable base. The image acquisition mechanism moves with the movable base within the sliding channel. The surface of the monitoring anchor is provided with an indicator mark, and the image acquisition mechanism is used to acquire image information of the indicator mark.

[0017] When installing the monitoring anchor, this invention allows one end of the anchor to extend into the arc-shaped frame, exposing some indicator marks. During the detection process, the image acquisition mechanism can visually acquire changes in the indicator marks, obtain the displacement of the monitoring anchor, and analyze the deformation state of the surrounding rock in the tunnel, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection results.

[0018] Preferably, the second detection component includes a displacement scale and a sensing probe fixed on the movable base.

[0019] It should be noted that the second detection component in this invention includes, but is not limited to, the use of optical grating rulers, magnetic grating rulers, and capacitive grating rulers. Of course, it is understood that other styles of second detection components with displacement scales and sensing probes that can monitor the movement of the moving base also fall within the protection and disclosure scope of this invention. Therefore, other forms of second detection components that have been disclosed in the prior art or not disclosed in the new technology can also be used in this invention.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pressing part is provided at one end of the monitoring anchor extending into the surrounding rock of the roadway, and an adjusting spring is also sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the monitoring anchor. One end of the adjusting spring is connected to the pressing part, and the other end is fixed to the surface of the arc-shaped frame near the surrounding rock of the roadway.

[0021] Preferably, the arc-shaped frame has several detection through holes on the side near the surrounding rock of the roadway. Under the action of the adjusting spring, the monitoring anchor moves from the detection through holes toward or away from the sliding channel.

[0022] After the surrounding rock in the tunnel deforms, it exerts a squeezing or relaxing force on the pressing part of the monitoring anchor. Under the action of the adjusting spring, the monitoring anchor extends into or is pulled out through the detection through hole, causing the indicator mark to change. The displacement of the monitoring anchor is obtained based on the amount of change in the indicator mark.

[0023] Preferably, the outer peripheral wall surface of the monitoring anchor is provided with scale lines.

[0024] Preferably, the outer peripheral wall surface of the monitoring anchor is covered with a positioning color strip.

[0025] The indicator markers in this invention can be either scale lines or positioning color strips, which can be adjusted according to the actual situation by those skilled in the art. When the indicator markers are scale lines, the image acquisition mechanism on the moving base can acquire the change in the scale lines to obtain the movement of the monitoring anchor. When the indicator markers are positioning color strips, the positioning color strips can be composed of color blocks of different colors and equal widths. The image acquisition component acquires the image information of the color blocks and determines the movement of the monitoring anchor based on the different colors.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support frame further includes a first column and a second column respectively disposed at both ends of the arc-shaped frame. The first column and the second column are fixed to the bottom of the surrounding rock of the tunnel and are used to support the arc-shaped frame.

[0027] Preferably, the two ends of the arc-shaped frame are detachably connected to the first column and the second column, respectively.

[0028] In this invention, the first and second columns support the side plates at both ends of the surrounding rock of the roadway and are fixed to the bottom plate, providing support for the arc-shaped frame and preventing collapse that could cause a safety accident.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control module includes a main control device, which is equipped with a processor and a display terminal. The processor is electrically connected to the first detection component and the second detection component respectively, and is used to receive the first displacement and the second displacement data and perform deformation degree analysis. The display terminal is used to display the first displacement, the second displacement and the analysis results.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an alarm device is also provided inside the surrounding rock of the tunnel. The alarm device is electrically connected to the control module and is used to issue an alarm.

[0031] Preferably, the alarm device includes a warning light or an alarm.

[0032] Preferably, the warning light or alarm is fixed to the sidewall of the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0033] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for dynamic monitoring of deformation in coal mine roadways, wherein the method employs the dynamic monitoring system for deformation in coal mine roadways described in the first aspect, and the method includes:

[0034] (I) Select a monitoring area within the surrounding rock of the roadway, set up a support frame, determine the monitoring points within the monitoring area, and use monitoring anchors to support the surrounding rock of the roadway at the monitoring points;

[0035] (II) Obtain the first displacement of the monitoring anchor column into the arc frame, and the control module analyzes and judges the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway based on the first displacement.

[0036] (III) Obtain the second displacement of the movable base along the sliding channel, and the control module determines the monitoring point where the deformation occurs based on the second displacement.

[0037] This invention independently sets up monitoring anchors at each monitoring point and establishes a complete communication network throughout the monitoring area using a control module to achieve two-way data interaction. It analyzes the deformation of the surrounding rock in the roadway based on the first and second displacement values, reducing human interference, enabling timely detection of deformation, accurate identification of deformation sites, and prevention of safety hazards such as rockfall in the roadway.

[0038] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step (I), it is ensured that the initial position of each monitoring anchor extending into the surrounding rock of the roadway is equal, and the initial position is stored in the control module.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (II), the analysis and judgment of the deformation includes:

[0040] S1 sets a preset value based on the limit deformation amount, drives the moving base to slide along the sliding channel, and moves to the monitoring point;

[0041] S2 uses an image acquisition mechanism to acquire image information of the surface of the monitoring anchor column and transmits it to the control module to obtain the first displacement.

[0042] The control module described in S3 determines whether the surrounding rock of the roadway has deformed based on the first displacement and the initial position of the monitoring anchor.

[0043] S4 then analyzes the degree of deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel based on the first displacement and the preset value.

[0044] Preferably, in step (III), the method for determining the monitoring points includes:

[0045] S01 uses a displacement scale and a sensor probe to measure the second displacement of the moving base along the sliding channel in real time.

[0046] S02 When the control module determines that the surrounding rock of the roadway has deformed, it obtains the current second displacement of the moving base.

[0047] S03 determines the monitoring point where deformation occurs based on the second displacement.

[0048] The system refers to an equipment system, device system, or production device.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0050] This invention provides a dynamic monitoring system and method for deformation in coal mine roadways. It utilizes monitoring anchors to connect the roadway surrounding rock to an arc-shaped frame. When deformation occurs in the roadway surrounding rock, the monitoring anchors undergo relative movement, gradually moving closer to or away from the arc-shaped frame. A gap is maintained between the sidewall of the arc-shaped frame and the sliding channel, based on the ultimate deformation amount, to accommodate the displacement of the monitoring anchors. A first detection component collects the displacement of the monitoring anchors extending into the arc-shaped frame to determine whether the roadway surrounding rock has deformed, analyzes the degree of deformation, and reflects the deformation state of the roadway surrounding rock in real time. Simultaneously, the sliding of the moving base is monitored in real time. Based on the sliding amount of the moving base, the specific location of the deformation is determined. This eliminates the need for manual monitoring, reduces human interference, enables timely detection of deformation, accurately identifies deformation points, and avoids safety hazards such as roadway surrounding rock detachment. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dynamic monitoring system for coal mine roadway deformation provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a movable base provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring anchor provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the control module provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Among them, 1-surrounding rock of the tunnel; 2-detection module; 3-connecting through hole; 4-moving base; 5-arc frame; 6-monitoring anchor; 7-sliding channel; 8-first detection component; 9-second detection component; 10-arc rack; 11-moving gear; 12-drive motor; 13-indicator mark; 14-pressing part; 15-detection through hole; 16-adjusting spring; 17-first column; 18-second column; 19-main control device; 20-processor; 21-display terminal; 22-alarm device. Detailed Implementation

[0056] It should be understood that in the description of this invention, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0057] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0058] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0059] In one specific embodiment, the present invention provides a dynamic monitoring system for deformation of coal mine roadways, including roadway surrounding rock 1, a control module, and at least one detection module 2. As shown in Figure 1, a plurality of connecting through holes 3 are distributed on the top plate of the roadway surrounding rock 1. The detection module 2 includes a support frame and a movable base 4. The support frame includes an arc-shaped frame 5 laid on the top of the roadway surrounding rock 1. A plurality of monitoring anchors 6 are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the arc-shaped frame 5. One end of the monitoring anchor 6 extends into the roadway surrounding rock 1 through the connecting through hole 3, and the other end is movably connected to the arc-shaped frame 5. As shown in Figure 2, a sliding channel 7 is provided inside the arc-shaped frame 5. The sliding channel 7 is slidably connected to the movable base 4. A first detection component 8 and a second detection component 9 are provided on the movable base 4. The first detection component 8 is used to collect the first displacement of the monitoring anchor 6 extending into the arc-shaped frame 5, and the second detection component 9 is used to collect the second displacement of the movable base 4. The control module is electrically connected to the first detection component 8 and the second detection component 9 respectively, and performs deformation analysis based on the first displacement and the second displacement.

[0060] In this invention, a monitoring anchor 6 connects the surrounding rock of the roadway 1 to the arc frame 5. When the surrounding rock of the roadway 1 deforms, the monitoring anchor 6 moves relative to the arc frame 5, gradually moving closer to or further away from it. Based on the limit deformation, a gap is left between the side wall of the arc frame 5 and the sliding channel 7 to accommodate the displacement of the monitoring anchor 6. The first detection component 8 collects the displacement of the monitoring anchor 6 as it extends into the arc frame 5 to determine whether the surrounding rock of the roadway 1 has deformed, analyzes the degree of deformation, and reflects the deformation state of the surrounding rock of the roadway 1 in real time. At the same time, the sliding of the moving base 4 is monitored in real time. Based on the sliding amount of the moving base 4, the specific location of the deformation is determined. No manual monitoring is required, reducing human interference, enabling timely detection of deformation, accurate identification of deformation points, and prevention of safety hazards such as the falling of the surrounding rock of the roadway 1.

[0061] The roadway surrounding rock 1 of this invention includes a roof slab, a floor slab, and side slabs at both ends. An arc-shaped frame 5 is installed along the roof slab of the roadway surrounding rock 1 and supported by monitoring anchors 6, improving structural strength and preventing roof collapse that could cause safety accidents. Furthermore, the invention includes at least one detection module 2. Those skilled in the art can determine the number of detection modules 2 based on the roadway length and install them along the length of the roadway for full-length monitoring.

[0062] In some embodiments, an arc-shaped rack 10 is provided within the sliding channel 7. The movable base 4 is also provided with a moving gear 11 and a drive motor 12, which are connected by a transmission connection. The drive motor 12 drives the moving gear 11 to rotate, and the moving gear 11 meshes with the arc-shaped rack 10 to drive the movable base 4 to slide within the sliding channel 7. In this invention, the arc-shaped rack 10 extends along the sliding channel 7, and the drive motor 12 drives the moving gear 11 to rotate. The moving gear 11 meshes with the rack, thereby driving the movable base 4 to slide within the sliding channel 7.

[0063] In some embodiments, the first detection component 8 includes an image acquisition mechanism disposed on the movable base 4. The image acquisition mechanism moves with the movable base 4 within the sliding channel 7. The surface of the monitoring anchor 6 is provided with indicator marks 13, and the image acquisition mechanism is used to acquire image information of the indicator marks 13. When the monitoring anchor 6 is deployed, one end of it extends into the arc-shaped frame 5, exposing part of the indicator marks 13. During the detection process, the image acquisition mechanism allows for a direct view of the changes in the indicator marks 13, obtaining the displacement of the monitoring anchor 6, and performing deformation state analysis of the surrounding rock 1 in the tunnel, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection results.

[0064] In some embodiments, the second detection component 9 includes a displacement scale and a sensing probe fixed to the movable base 4. The second detection component 9 in this invention includes, but is not limited to, optical scales, magnetic scales, and capacitive scales.

[0065] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3, the end of the monitoring anchor 6 that extends into the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel is provided with a pressing part 14. An adjusting spring 16 is also fitted onto the outer peripheral wall of the monitoring anchor 6. One end of the adjusting spring 16 is connected to the pressing part 14, and the other end is fixed to the surface of the arc-shaped frame 5 near the surrounding rock 1. The arc-shaped frame 5 has several detection through holes 15 on the side near the surrounding rock 1. Under the action of the adjusting spring 16, the monitoring anchor 6 moves from the detection through holes 15 towards or away from the sliding channel 7. After deformation of the surrounding rock 1, a squeezing or relaxing force is generated on the pressing part 14 of the monitoring anchor 6. Under the action of the adjusting spring 16, the monitoring anchor 6 extends into or withdraws from the detection through holes 15, causing a change in the indicator mark 13. The displacement of the monitoring anchor 6 is obtained based on the change in the indicator mark 13.

[0066] In some embodiments, the outer peripheral wall surface of the monitoring anchor 6 is provided with scale lines. After the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel deforms, the monitoring anchor 6 extends into or is pulled out through the detection through hole 15, causing the scale lines to change. The image acquisition mechanism on the movable base 4 can obtain the amount of change of the scale lines and obtain the first movement amount of the monitoring anchor 6.

[0067] In some embodiments, the outer peripheral wall surface of the monitoring anchor 6 is covered with a positioning color strip, which can be made up of color blocks of different colors and equal widths. After the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel deforms, the monitoring anchor 6 extends into or is pulled out through the detection through hole 15, causing the color of the color block located between the side wall of the arc frame 5 and the sliding channel 7 to change. The image acquisition component acquires the image information of the color block and determines the first movement amount of the monitoring anchor 6 according to the different colors.

[0068] In some embodiments, the support frame further includes a first column 17 and a second column 18 respectively disposed at both ends of the arc-shaped frame 5. The first column 17 and the second column 18 are fixed to the bottom of the surrounding rock 1 of the roadway, and the first column 17 and the second column 18 are used to support the arc-shaped frame 5. The first column 17 and the second column 18 are detachably connected to both ends of the arc-shaped frame 5. In this invention, the first column 17 and the second column 18 respectively support the side plates at both ends of the surrounding rock 1 of the roadway and are fixed to the base plate, providing support for the arc-shaped frame 5 and preventing collapse that could cause a safety accident.

[0069] In some implementations, as shown in FIG4, the control module includes a main control device 19, on which a processor 20 and a display terminal 21 are provided. The processor 20 is electrically connected to the first detection component 8 and the second detection component 9 respectively, and is used to receive the first displacement and the second displacement data and perform deformation degree analysis. The display terminal 21 is used to display the first displacement, the second displacement and the analysis results.

[0070] In some embodiments, an alarm device 22 is also installed inside the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel. The alarm device 22 is electrically connected to the control module and is used to issue an alarm. The alarm device 22 includes a warning light or alarm and is fixed to the side wall of the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel.

[0071] In another specific embodiment, the present invention provides a method for dynamic monitoring of coal mine roadway deformation. The method employs a coal mine roadway deformation dynamic monitoring system as described in a specific embodiment. The method includes:

[0072] (1) Select the monitoring area within the surrounding rock 1 of the roadway, set up the support frame, determine the monitoring points within the monitoring area, and use the monitoring anchor 6 to support the surrounding rock 1 of the roadway at the monitoring points.

[0073] (2) Obtain the first displacement of the monitoring anchor 6 into the arc frame 5, and the control module analyzes and judges the deformation of the surrounding rock 1 of the roadway based on the first displacement.

[0074] (3) Obtain the second displacement of the movable base 4 sliding along the sliding channel 7, and the control module determines the monitoring point where the deformation occurs based on the second displacement.

[0075] This invention independently sets up monitoring anchors 6 at each monitoring point and establishes a complete communication network throughout the monitoring area using a control module to achieve two-way data interaction. It analyzes the deformation of the surrounding rock 1 in the roadway based on the first displacement and the second displacement, reducing human interference, enabling timely detection of deformation, accurate determination of deformation sites, and avoiding safety hazards such as rock detachment in the roadway.

[0076] In step (1), ensure that the initial position of each monitoring anchor 6 extending into the surrounding rock 1 of the roadway is equal, and store the initial position in the control module.

[0077] In step (2), the analysis and judgment of the deformation includes:

[0078] S1 sets a preset value based on the limit deformation amount, drives the movable base 4 to slide along the sliding channel 7, and moves to the monitoring point;

[0079] S2 uses an image acquisition mechanism to acquire image information of the surface of the monitoring anchor 6 and transmits it to the control module to obtain the first displacement.

[0080] The control module described in S3 determines whether the surrounding rock 1 of the roadway has deformed based on the first displacement and the initial position of the monitoring anchor 6.

[0081] S4 then analyzes the deformation degree of the surrounding rock 1 in the tunnel based on the first displacement and the preset value.

[0082] In step (3), the method for determining the monitoring points includes:

[0083] S01 uses a displacement scale and a sensor probe to measure the second displacement of the moving base 4 along the sliding channel 7 in real time.

[0084] S02 When the control module determines that the surrounding rock 1 of the roadway has deformed, it obtains the current second displacement of the moving base 4.

[0085] S03 determines the monitoring point where deformation occurs based on the second displacement.

[0086] Example 1

[0087] This embodiment provides a dynamic monitoring system for deformation of coal mine roadways, including roadway surrounding rock 1, a control module, and multiple detection modules 2 equidistantly arranged along the length of the roadway. The roadway surrounding rock 1 includes a roof plate, a floor plate, and side plates at both ends, with connecting through holes 3 distributed on the roof plate.

[0088] The detection module 2 includes a support frame and a movable base 4. The support frame includes an arc-shaped frame 5 laid on the top of the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel, and a first column 17 and a second column 18 respectively set at both ends of the arc-shaped frame 5. The first column 17 and the second column 18 are fixed to the bottom of the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel to support the arc-shaped frame 5.

[0089] Multiple monitoring anchors 6 are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the arc-shaped frame 5. One end of each monitoring anchor 6 extends into the surrounding rock 1 through a connecting hole 3 on the roof of the roadway surrounding rock 1, while the other end is movably connected to the arc-shaped frame 5. A pressing part 14 is provided at the end of the monitoring anchor 6 extending into the roadway surrounding rock 1. An adjusting spring 16 is also fitted onto the outer peripheral wall of the monitoring anchor 6. One end of the adjusting spring 16 is connected to the pressing part 14, and the other end is fixed to the surface of the arc-shaped frame 5 near the roadway surrounding rock 1. Multiple detection holes 15 are opened on the side of the arc-shaped frame 5 near the roadway surrounding rock 1. Under the action of the adjusting spring 16, the monitoring anchor 6 extends into or exits through the detection holes 15. Furthermore, scale lines are provided on the outer peripheral wall surface of the monitoring anchor 6. When the roadway surrounding rock 1 deforms, the monitoring anchor 6 extends into or exits through the detection holes 15, causing the scale lines to change.

[0090] The arc-shaped frame 5 is provided with a sliding channel 7, and the sliding channel 7 is provided with an arc-shaped rack 10. The movable base 4 is provided with a moving gear 11 and a drive motor 12 that are connected by transmission. The drive motor 12 is used to drive the moving gear 11 to rotate. The moving gear 11 and the arc-shaped rack 10 mesh with each other to drive the movable base 4 to slide in the sliding channel 7.

[0091] A first detection component 8 and a second detection component 9 are mounted on the movable base 4. The first detection component 8 includes an image acquisition mechanism mounted on the movable base 4, which moves with the movable base 4 within the sliding channel 7. The outer peripheral surface of the monitoring anchor 6 is marked with graduation lines. When the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel deforms, the monitoring anchor 6 extends into or exits through the detection through-hole 15, causing a change in the graduation lines. The image acquisition mechanism on the movable base 4 collects the change in the graduation lines to obtain the first movement amount of the monitoring anchor 6. The second detection component 9 includes a displacement scale and a sensing probe fixed to the movable base 4 for collecting the second displacement amount of the movable base 4 moving along the sliding channel 7.

[0092] The control module includes a main control device 19, on which a processor 20 and a display terminal 21 are provided. The processor 20 is electrically connected to the first detection component 8 and the second detection component 9 respectively, and is used to receive the first displacement and the second displacement data and perform deformation degree analysis. The display terminal 21 is used to display the first displacement, the second displacement and the analysis results.

[0093] Warning lights are also installed inside the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel. These lights are electrically connected to the control module and are fixed to the side wall of the surrounding rock 1. After analyzing the deformation of the surrounding rock 1, the processor 20 triggers the warning lights to issue an alarm based on the analysis results.

[0094] The dynamic monitoring of coal mine roadway deformation using the coal mine roadway deformation dynamic monitoring system provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0095] (1) Select the monitoring area in the surrounding rock 1 of the roadway and set up the support frame. Determine the monitoring point in the monitoring area and use the monitoring anchor 6 to support the surrounding rock 1 of the roadway at the monitoring point. Ensure that the initial position of each monitoring anchor 6 extending into the surrounding rock 1 of the roadway (i.e. the initial scale line position extending into the arc frame 5) is equal, and store the initial position in the processor 20 of the control module.

[0096] (2) Set a preset value according to the limit deformation amount, drive the moving base 4 to slide along the sliding channel 7, and move to the monitoring point;

[0097] (3) The image acquisition mechanism is used to acquire the image information of the scale line on the surface of the monitoring anchor 6 and transmit it to the control module to obtain the first displacement. The processor 20 determines whether the surrounding rock of the roadway 1 has deformed based on the first displacement and the initial position of the monitoring anchor 6.

[0098] (4) Then, based on the first displacement and the preset value, the deformation degree of the surrounding rock 1 in the tunnel is analyzed, and the warning light is triggered to issue an alarm;

[0099] (5) The second displacement of the moving base 4 along the sliding channel 7 is measured in real time using a displacement scale and a sensor probe. When the control module determines that the surrounding rock 1 of the roadway is deformed, the current second displacement of the moving base 4 is obtained to determine the monitoring point where the deformation occurs and to take corresponding troubleshooting measures.

[0100] Example 2

[0101] This embodiment provides a dynamic monitoring system for deformation of coal mine roadways. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the outer peripheral wall surface of the monitoring anchor 6 is covered with a positioning color strip. The positioning color strip can be made up of color blocks of different colors and equal widths. The rest of the structure is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0102] After the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel deforms, the monitoring anchor 6 extends into or is pulled out through the detection through hole 15, causing the color of the color block located between the side wall of the arc frame 5 and the sliding channel 7 to change. The image acquisition component acquires the image information of the color block and determines the first movement of the monitoring anchor 6 based on the different colors.

[0103] The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic monitoring system for deformation of coal mine roadways, characterized in that, The coal mine roadway deformation dynamic monitoring system includes roadway surrounding rock, a control module, and at least one detection module. Several connecting holes are distributed on the top plate of the roadway surrounding rock. The detection module includes a support frame and a movable base. The support frame includes an arc-shaped frame laid on the top of the roadway surrounding rock. Several monitoring anchors are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the arc-shaped frame. One end of each monitoring anchor extends into the roadway surrounding rock through the connecting holes, and the other end is movably connected to the arc-shaped frame. A sliding channel is provided inside the arc-shaped frame, and the sliding channel slidably connects to the movable base. A first detection component and a second detection component are provided on the movable base. The first detection component is used to collect the first displacement of the monitoring anchor extending into the arc-shaped frame, and the second detection component is used to collect the second displacement of the movable base. The control module is electrically connected to the first and second detection components respectively, and analyzes the deformation based on the first and second displacements.

2. The dynamic monitoring system for coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, An arc-shaped rack is provided inside the sliding channel.

3. The dynamic monitoring system for coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The movable base is also provided with a moving gear and a drive motor that are connected by transmission. The drive motor is used to drive the moving gear to rotate. The moving gear meshes with the arc-shaped rack to drive the movable base to slide in the sliding channel.

4. The dynamic monitoring system for coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first detection component includes an image acquisition mechanism disposed on the movable base. The image acquisition mechanism moves with the movable base within the sliding channel. The surface of the monitoring anchor is provided with an indicator mark, and the image acquisition mechanism is used to acquire image information of the indicator mark.

5. The dynamic monitoring system for coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second detection component includes a displacement scale and a sensing probe fixed to the movable base.

6. The dynamic monitoring system for coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring anchor is provided with a pressing part at one end that extends into the surrounding rock of the roadway, and an adjusting spring is also sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the monitoring anchor. One end of the adjusting spring is connected to the pressing part, and the other end is fixed to the surface of the arc frame near the surrounding rock of the roadway.

7. The dynamic monitoring system for coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The arc-shaped frame has several detection through holes on the side near the surrounding rock of the roadway. Under the action of the adjusting spring, the monitoring anchor moves from the detection through holes toward or away from the sliding channel.

8. The dynamic monitoring system for coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer peripheral wall surface of the monitoring anchor is provided with scale lines.

9. The dynamic monitoring system for coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer peripheral surface of the monitoring anchor is covered with a positioning color band.

10. The dynamic monitoring system for coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame also includes a first column and a second column respectively disposed at both ends of the arc-shaped frame. The first column and the second column are fixed to the bottom of the surrounding rock of the tunnel and are used to support the arc-shaped frame.

11. The dynamic monitoring system for coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 10, characterized in that, The two ends of the arc-shaped frame are detachably connected to the first column and the second column, respectively.

12. The dynamic monitoring system for coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module includes a main control device, which is equipped with a processor and a display terminal. The processor is electrically connected to the first detection component and the second detection component, respectively, and is used to receive the first displacement and the second displacement data and perform deformation degree analysis. The display terminal is used to display the first displacement, the second displacement and the analysis results.

13. The dynamic monitoring system for coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, An alarm device is also installed inside the surrounding rock of the tunnel. The alarm device is electrically connected to the control module and is used to issue an alarm.

14. The dynamic monitoring system for coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 13, characterized in that, The alarm device includes a warning light or an alarm.

15. The dynamic monitoring system for coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 14, characterized in that, The warning light or alarm is fixed to the side wall of the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

16. A method for dynamic monitoring of deformation in coal mine roadways, characterized in that, The coal mine roadway deformation dynamic monitoring method adopts the coal mine roadway deformation dynamic monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-15. The coal mine roadway deformation dynamic monitoring method includes: (I) selecting a monitoring area in the roadway surrounding rock, setting up a support frame, determining the monitoring points in the monitoring area, and using monitoring anchors to support the roadway surrounding rock at the monitoring points; (II) obtaining the first displacement of the monitoring anchor extending into the arc frame, and the control module analyzing and judging the deformation of the roadway surrounding rock based on the first displacement; (III) obtaining the second displacement of the movable base sliding along the sliding channel, and the control module determining the monitoring point where deformation occurs based on the second displacement.

17. The method for dynamic monitoring of coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 16, characterized in that, In step (I), ensure that the initial position of each monitoring anchor extending into the surrounding rock of the roadway is equal, and store the initial position in the control module.

18. The method for dynamic monitoring of coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 17, characterized in that, In step (II), the analysis and judgment of the deformation includes: S1 setting a preset value according to the limit deformation amount, driving the moving base to slide along the sliding channel and move to the monitoring point; S2 using the image acquisition mechanism to acquire image information of the surface of the monitoring anchor and transmitting it to the control module to obtain the first displacement amount; S3 the control module determines whether the surrounding rock of the roadway has deformed based on the first displacement amount and the initial position of the monitoring anchor; S4 then analyzing the degree of deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway based on the first displacement amount and the preset value.

19. The method for dynamic monitoring of coal mine roadway deformation according to claim 17, characterized in that, In step (III), the method for determining the monitoring point includes: S01 using a displacement scale and a sensor probe to measure the second displacement of the moving base along the sliding channel in real time; S02 when the control module determines that the surrounding rock of the roadway has deformed, obtaining the current second displacement of the moving base; S03 determining the monitoring point where the deformation has occurred based on the second displacement.

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