An apparatus and method for setting up a soil tank model in field simulation tests

Abstract

The present invention provides a soil tank model setting device and method for field simulation tests, which includes an automatic weighing device and a spreading device; the structure of the automatic weighing device includes a feed bin, a conveyor belt with side baffles, a position switch, a cylinder, a cylinder controller, a weighing sensor, and a display control panel; the spreading device includes a longitudinal intermittent reciprocating device, a transverse reciprocating device, and a spreading discharge bin. The present invention can automatically weigh and spread materials such as soil required for the soil tank model in field simulation tests, saving manpower and effectively avoiding test errors that may be brought by manual operation in simulation tests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of field soil tests, and particularly relates to a device and method for setting up a soil trough model in a field simulation test. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous acceleration of China's scientific research pace, the experimental research on soil properties has received increasing attention, among which large-scale tests such as simulating field soil masses indoors are increasing.

[0003] For large-scale tests simulating field soil masses, it is necessary to consider the bulk density of the soil mass to layer the soil trough, calculate the amount of soil and the mass of other mixed additives in each layer, and finally spread them on each layer. However, this requires a great deal of manpower, and manual spreading is likely to cause different degrees of soil compaction, resulting in the inability to ensure the consistency and uniformity of the bulk density of the soil layer in the simulation test, and the scientific nature of the field soil mass test cannot be guaranteed. How to prepare the soil mass model labor-savingly has become a difficult problem in accelerating the experimental research process and improving the accuracy of the simulation test. Therefore, there is an urgent need to invent a mechanized method for the soil trough model and its setting in the field simulation test. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for setting up a soil trough model in a field simulation test, which can automatically weigh, mix and spread the required materials according to the requirements of field soil mass tests, greatly reducing the waste of manpower.

[0005] To achieve the above technical features, the purpose of the present invention is realized as follows: A device for setting up a soil trough model in a field simulation test, which includes an automatic weighing device for weighing soil and a spreading device for spreading soil;

[0006] The automatic weighing device includes a first support, a feed bin is fixed at the top of the first support, a first conveyor belt for conveying soil is arranged directly below the feed bin, the discharge port of the first conveyor belt is butted against a weighing bin, and the weighing bin is supported on the top of a weighing sensor for weighing;

[0007] The spreading device includes a longitudinal reciprocating motion device with intermittent motion, a transverse reciprocating motion device and a spreading discharge bin.

[0008] The first conveyor belt is connected to a gear switch for controlling the conveying speed, and controls the first conveyor belt to achieve three gear controls: high speed, low speed, and stop; a first horizontal plate is welded horizontally on the right side of the outlet of the feed bin, and a feed bin bearing plate is arranged on the inner wall of the first support and below the feed bin. A first vertical plate for supporting the feed bin is fixed on the top of the feed bin bearing plate. A first T-shaped guide groove is arranged on the inner side wall of the first vertical plate, and the first T-shaped guide groove is matched with the first T-shaped track on the outer side of the first conveyor belt; the end of the first conveyor belt is provided with a feed bin discharge port.

[0009] The weighing bin is integrally supported on the top of the weighing plate. A vertically rotating hinge plate is installed at the bottom of the weighing bin. A first cylinder for controlling its opening is arranged at the bottom of the hinge plate. The end of the piston rod of the first cylinder is matched with the U-shaped seat at the bottom of the weighing plate. The first cylinder is connected to a cylinder controller for controlling its action, and the cylinder controller is fixed on the outer wall of the first support. A weighing device discharge port is arranged at the outlet of the weighing bin.

[0010] The four corners of the weighing plate are supported on the top of the weighing sensors. The weighing sensors are located on the top of the weighing bin bearing plate. The weighing bin bearing plate is fixed on the inner side wall of the first support. The weighing sensors are connected to the display control panel and the first cylinder, and the weighing sensors and the display control panel are also connected to the gear switch; the four corners of the bottom of the first support are installed with first casters.

[0011] Above the second support, there are a longitudinal guide rail and a longitudinal intermittent reciprocating motion device. In the longitudinal intermittent reciprocating motion device, a large gear and a double gear a part and a double gear b part connected by a chain are respectively arranged on both sides. The double gear a part meshes with a notched gear, and the notched gear is connected to the first engine. A first slider is fixed on a certain first chain block of the chain, and the first slider can slide up and down in a first vertical plate with a vertical chute, driving the first vertical plate to slide in the longitudinal guide rail.

[0012] A transverse support, a transverse guide rail arranged on the transverse support, and a transverse reciprocating motion device are welded below the first vertical plate. In the transverse reciprocating motion device, a large gear a and a large gear b connected by a chain are arranged on both sides. The large gear a is connected to the second engine. A second slider is fixed on a certain second chain block of the chain, and the second slider can slide up and down in a second vertical plate with a vertical chute, and the second vertical plate slides on the transverse guide rail.

[0013] A cylinder is arranged at the bottom end of the second vertical plate. A connecting plate is arranged at the piston rod of the cylinder, and a plurality of first threaded holes are arranged on the connecting plate.

[0014] The paving discharge bin is provided with a plurality of second threaded holes. At the top of the paving discharge bin, there is a paving discharge bin collection port that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Below the paving discharge bin is a second conveyor belt with vertical side baffles. On the right side of the outlet of the paving discharge bin, a horizontally laid second horizontal plate is welded. In front of and behind the outlet of the paving discharge bin, there are second vertical plates supported on the top of the bearing plate of the paving discharge bin. The upper and lower edges of the second vertical plates are both second T-shaped guide grooves, which can allow the second T-shaped tracks on the side plates of the second conveyor belt to pass freely. On the right side of the outlet of the paving discharge bin, a hollow iron block is welded, which can just allow the scale baffle to move up and down. There are two bolts on both sides and the front of the hollow iron block to fix the position of the scale baffle. The second horizontal plate has a notch that can just allow the scale baffle to move up and down, and a discharge port is arranged in the output direction of the conveyor belt. The paving discharge bin is provided with lockable second casters.

[0015] It also includes a soil trough. Collection channels are provided on both sides of the soil trough, and a collection bucket is placed below the outlet of the collection channel.

[0016] A method for setting up a soil trough model using a device for setting up a soil trough model in a field simulation test includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: After dividing the soil trough into a certain number of layers and making marks inside, set the value to zero at the display control panel, and give a set value at the display control panel according to the mass of the required material. Align the outlet of the weighing device with the collection port of the paving discharge bin.

[0018] Step 2: Pour the soil into the feed bin, and at the same time adjust the gear switch to the high-speed gear. The soil is transported out through the first conveyor belt and enters the weighing bin.

[0019] Step 3: When the soil mass is almost close to the set value, automatically adjust the gear switch to the low-speed gear through the plc; then when the soil mass reaches the set value, automatically adjust the gear switch to the off gear through the plc, and the first cylinder below the weighing plate contracts, and the hinged plate freely falls under its own gravity, so that the soil enters the collection port of the paving discharge bin from the outlet of the weighing device.

[0020] Step 4: The device is designed as follows:

[0021] 1) When the first chain block or the second chain block that drives the paving discharge bin to move in the longitudinal or transverse movement is directly above or below the center of the sprocket, the discharge port is exactly at the head or tail end of the longitudinal or transverse direction of the soil trough. This makes the length and width of the soil trough the same as the distance between the gear centers of the sprockets in the longitudinal and transverse movements, ensuring that the effective paving range is consistent with the length and width of the soil trough.

[0022] 2) By calculating and adjusting the rotation speed and the size of the gears, the following functions can be achieved:

[0023] Effective paving: During the pause time of the longitudinal movement, the second chain block that drives the paving discharge bin in the transverse movement just moves from the position directly above the center of the large gear a to the position directly above the center of another gear. At this time, the discharge port completes a one-way paving from one end to the other end in the transverse direction of the soil trough.

[0024] Ineffective paving: During the subsequent longitudinal movement time, the second chain block that drives the paving discharge bin in the transverse movement also just completes the movement from the position directly above the center of the large gear b to the position directly below the center of the large gear b. At this time, the discharge port moves to directly above the collection channel outside the soil trough, and the materials are collected through the collection bucket for the next paving. The above completes one paving process and starts to enter the next paving process.

[0025] When all paving processes are completed, the longitudinal paving just completes from one end to the other end, that is, the first chain block that drives the paving discharge bin in the longitudinal movement moves from directly above the center of a part of the double-connected gear b to directly above another large gear.

[0026] When the arc occupied by the teeth of the notched gear in the longitudinal movement is smaller, the distance of a single longitudinal movement is smaller, making the distance between two paving locations smaller, and thus the paving will be more uniform.

[0027] Step 5: According to the mass of materials required for paving one layer, change the scale value of the scale baffle to set the transportation speed of the conveyor belt in the paving device. Specific adjustment method: Since the known volume of paving one layer and the field unit weight of the materials are known, the mass of effective paving can be known. The total paving mass can be obtained by dividing the mass of effective paving by the proportion of the notched arc in the notched gear, that is, effective paving divided by the ratio of the effective paving time to the total paving time. The total paving time can be obtained from the total horizontal movement time when the notched gear that drives the paving discharge bin in the longitudinal movement just moves from the position directly above the center of a part of the double-connected gear b to the position directly above the center of another large gear, and then calculate the required discharge speed. By pre-measuring the unit weight of the materials, the volume of materials transported per unit time can be obtained. Since the width and running speed of the second conveyor belt with side plates in the paving device are known, the required thickness of the materials can be obtained at this time. The thickness of the transported materials can be controlled by adjusting the up and down position of the scale baffle: that is, when the lower end of the scale baffle is in close contact with the second conveyor belt, the scale value 0 is just horizontal with the second horizontal plate at this time. When the scale baffle is lifted upward, it can be fixed and restricted by bolts in three directions. At this time, the distance between the lower end of the scale baffle and the second conveyor belt is the scale value on the scale baffle that is horizontal with the second horizontal plate, which is also the thickness of the transported materials.

[0028] Step 6: Push the paving discharge bin under the support and connect it to the connecting plate through the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole. By starting the first engine and the second engine, when starting to pave, the first chain block that drives the paving discharge bin in the longitudinal movement is directly above the center of part b of the double gear or directly below the center of the large gear, that is, the first chain block that drives the paving discharge bin in the longitudinal movement has just completed half a turn of passing through part b of the double gear or the large gear, and the discharge port starts to move longitudinally with intermittence from one end of the soil trough to the other end; and at this time, the notched gear just enters the notched part; the second chain block that drives the paving discharge bin in the transverse movement is directly above the center of large gear a or directly below the center of large gear b; start the first engine and the second engine for transverse and longitudinal movements at the same time to pave one layer of the soil trough.

[0029] Step 7: After compacting the soil trough to the marked position and roughening it, if no further paving is required, start the second conveyor belt and collect it under the discharge port; if further paving is required, extend the first cylinder under the weighing plate into the U-shaped seat to close the hinge plate under the weighing bin, then adjust the gear switch to the high-speed gear, and start the second weighing, mixing and paving processes.

[0030] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. By adopting the device of the present invention, automatic weighing, mixing and paving of the required materials can be carried out, greatly reducing the waste of manpower.

[0032] 2. By adopting the weighing sensor, the signal can be transmitted to the display control panel and then to the plc. When the weighing is close to the set value, the plc controls the conveyor belt switch and automatically adjusts the switch to the low-speed gear to make the weighing more accurate.

[0033] 3. In the present invention, the paving discharge bin can control the discharge speed by adjusting the scale baffle, achieving the effect of uniform discharge and controllable speed.

[0034] 4. In the present invention, by designing the notched part in the notched gear in the longitudinal movement to have a relatively large proportion, the forward distance in the longitudinal movement is shorter, and combined with the transverse movement paving, more uniform paving can be achieved.

[0035] 5. The present invention adopts automatic weighing, mixing and mechanical paving methods, greatly saving manpower, and only simple operations are required to complete the construction of the soil body model alone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0037] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic weighing and mixing device.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a paving device.

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal reciprocating motion device.

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a paving discharge bin.

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the conveyor belt of the weighing device.

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic partial cross-sectional structure diagram of the conveyor belt of the paving discharge bin.

[0043] In the figure: automatic weighing device 1, paving device, feed bin 3, first conveyor belt 4, gear switch 5, first horizontal plate 6, feed bin load-bearing plate 7, first vertical plate 8, first T-shaped guide groove 9, first T-shaped track 10, feed bin discharge port 11, weighing bin 12, weighing plate 13, hinge plate 14, first cylinder 15, U-shaped seat 16, cylinder controller 17, weighing sensor 18, weighing bin load-bearing plate 19, display control panel 20, weighing device discharge port 21, first bracket 22, first caster 23, second bracket 24, longitudinal reciprocating motion device 25, horizontal reciprocating motion device 26, cylinder 27, paving discharge bin 28, soil trough 29, longitudinal guide rail 30, large gear 31, part of double gear a 32, part of double gear b 33, notched gear 34, first engine 35, first chain block 36, first slider 37, first vertical plate 38, horizontal bracket 39, horizontal guide rail 40, large gear a 41, large gear b 42, second engine 43, second chain block 44, second slider 45, second vertical plate 46, cylinder 47, connecting plate 48, first threaded hole 49, second threaded hole 50, paving discharge bin collection port 51, second conveyor belt 52, second horizontal plate 53, paving discharge bin load-bearing plate 54, second vertical plate 55, second T-shaped guide groove 56, second T-shaped track 57, scale baffle 58, hollow iron block 59, bolt 60, discharge port 61, second caster 62, collection channel 63, collection bucket 64. Specific implementation manners

[0044] Example 1:

[0045] Please refer to Figures 1 - 6, a soil tank model setting device for field simulation tests, which includes an automatic weighing device 1 for weighing soil and a spreading device for spreading soil; the automatic weighing device 1 includes a first support 22, a feeding bin 3 is fixed at the top of the first support 22, a first conveyor belt 4 for conveying soil is arranged directly below the feeding bin 3, a weighing bin 12 is butted at the discharging opening of the first conveyor belt 4, and the weighing bin 12 is supported on the top of a weighing sensor 18 for weighing; the spreading device includes a longitudinal reciprocating motion device 25 with intermittent movement in the longitudinal direction, a transverse reciprocating motion device 26 and a spreading discharging bin 28. By adopting the device of the present invention, the required materials can be automatically weighed, mixed and spread, greatly reducing the waste of manpower.

[0046] Further, the first conveyor belt 4 is connected to a gear switch 5 for controlling the conveying speed, and controls the first conveyor belt 4 to achieve three-gear control of high speed, low speed and stop; a horizontally laid first horizontal plate 6 is welded on the right side of the outlet of the feeding bin 3, and a feeding bin bearing plate 7 is arranged on the inner wall of the first support 22 and below the feeding bin 3, a first vertical plate 8 for supporting the feeding bin 3 is fixed on the top of the feeding bin bearing plate 7, a first T-shaped guide groove 9 is arranged on the inner side wall of the first vertical plate 8, and the first T-shaped guide groove 9 is matched with a first T-shaped track 10 on the outer side of the first conveyor belt 4; a feeding bin discharging opening 11 is arranged at the end of the first conveyor belt 4. Through the above-mentioned first conveyor belt 4, the raw materials inside the feeding bin 3 can be conveyed for feeding, and the feeding speed can be conveniently controlled.

[0047] Further, the weighing bin 12 is integrally supported on the top of a weighing plate 13, a vertically rotating hinge plate 14 is installed at the bottom of the weighing bin 12, a first cylinder 15 for controlling its opening is arranged at the bottom of the hinge plate 14, the end of the piston rod of the first cylinder 15 is matched with a U-shaped seat 16 at the bottom end of the weighing plate 13, the first cylinder 15 is connected to a cylinder controller 17 for controlling its action, the cylinder controller 17 is fixed on the outer wall of the first support 22, and a weighing device discharging opening 21 is arranged at the outlet of the weighing bin 12. Through the above-mentioned weighing bin 12, the materials to be weighed can be collected, and the first cylinder 15 can be used to control the opening or closing of the hinge plate 14, thereby controlling the discharging process of the weighing bin 12.

[0048] Further, the four corners of the weighing plate 13 are supported on the top of the weighing sensor 18. The weighing sensor 18 is located on the top of the weighing bin bearing plate 19. The weighing bin bearing plate 19 is fixed on the inner side wall of the first bracket 22. The weighing sensor 18 is connected to the display control panel 20 and the first cylinder 15. Moreover, the weighing sensor 18 and the display control panel 20 are also connected to the gear shift switch 5. The four corners of the bottom of the first bracket 22 are equipped with first casters 23. The above-mentioned weighing sensor 18 can be used to accurately weigh the materials, thereby meeting the required weight requirements and improving the automation of the blanking control at the same time.

[0049] Further, a longitudinal guide rail 30 and a longitudinally intermittent reciprocating motion device 25 are provided above the second bracket 24. In the longitudinally intermittent reciprocating motion device 25, a large gear 31 and a double gear a part 32 and a double gear b part 33 connected by a chain are respectively arranged on both sides. The double gear a part 32 meshes with a notched gear 34. The notched gear 34 is connected to the first engine 35. A first slider 37 is fixed on a certain first chain block 36 of the chain. The first slider 37 can slide up and down in a first vertical plate 38 with a vertical chute, driving the first vertical plate 38 to slide in the longitudinal guide rail 30. Through the above-mentioned reciprocating motion device 25, intermittent reciprocating operation in the longitudinal direction can be realized, thereby realizing the paving of the materials.

[0050] Further, a transverse bracket 39, a transverse guide rail 40 arranged on the transverse bracket 39, and a transverse reciprocating motion device 26 are welded below the first vertical plate 38. In the transverse reciprocating motion device 26, a large gear a 41 and a large gear b 42 connected by a chain are arranged on both sides. The large gear a 41 is connected to the second engine 43. A second slider 45 is fixed on a certain second chain block 44 of the chain. The second slider 45 can slide up and down in a second vertical plate 46 with a vertical chute. The second vertical plate 46 slides on the transverse guide rail 40.

[0051] Further, a cylinder 47 is provided at the bottom end of the second vertical plate 46. A connecting plate 48 is provided at the piston rod of the cylinder 47. A plurality of first threaded holes 49 are provided on the connecting plate 48.

[0052] Further, the paving discharge bin 28 is provided with a plurality of second threaded holes 50. At the top of the paving discharge bin 28, there is a paving discharge bin collection port 51 that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Below the paving discharge bin 28 is a second conveyor belt 52 with vertical side baffles. On the right side of the outlet of the paving discharge bin 28, a horizontally laid second horizontal plate 53 is welded. In front and behind the outlet of the paving discharge bin 28, there are second vertical plates 55 supported on the top of the load-bearing plate 54 of the paving discharge bin. Both the upper and lower edges of the second vertical plate 55 are second T-shaped guide grooves 56, through which the second T-shaped tracks 57 on the side plates of the second conveyor belt 52 can freely pass. On the right side of the outlet of the paving discharge bin 28, a hollow iron block 59 is welded, which can just allow the scale baffle 58 to move up and down. On both sides and the front of the hollow iron block 59, there are two bolts 60 respectively used to fix the position of the scale baffle 58. The second horizontal plate 53 has a notch that can just allow the scale baffle 58 to move up and down, and a discharge port 61 is arranged in the output direction of the conveyor belt. The paving discharge bin 28 is provided with lockable second casters 62.

[0053] Further, it also includes a soil trough 29. Collection channels 63 are provided on both sides of the soil trough 29, and a collection bucket 64 is placed below the outlet of the collection channel 63.

[0054] Embodiment 2:

[0055] A method for setting up a soil trough model using a device for setting up a soil trough model in a field simulation test includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: After dividing the soil trough 29 into a certain number of layers and making marks inside, set the value to zero at the display control panel 20, and give a set value at the display control panel 20 according to the mass of the required material. Align the discharge port 21 of the weighing device with the paving discharge bin collection port 51;

[0057] Step 2: Pour the soil into the feed bin 3, and at the same time adjust the gear switch 5 to the high-speed gear. The soil is transported out through the first conveyor belt 4 and enters the weighing bin 12;

[0058] Step 3: When the soil mass is almost close to the set value, automatically adjust the gear switch 5 to the low-speed gear through the plc; then when the soil mass reaches the set value, automatically adjust the gear switch 5 to the off gear through the plc, and the first cylinder 15 under the weighing plate 13 contracts, and the hinged plate 14 freely falls under its own gravity, so that the soil enters the paving discharge bin collection port 51 from the discharge port 21 of the weighing device;

[0059] Step 4: The device is designed as:

[0060] 1 When the first chain block 36 or the second chain block 44 that drives the paving discharge bin 28 during longitudinal or transverse movement is exactly above or below the center of the sprocket, the discharge port 61 is exactly at the head or tail end of the longitudinal or transverse direction of the soil trough 29. This makes the length and width of the soil trough 29 and the distance between the gear centers of the sprockets for longitudinal and transverse movement set to the same size, ensuring that the effective paving range is consistent with the length and width of the soil trough 29;

[0061] 2 By calculating and adjusting the rotational speed and gear size, the following functions can be achieved:

[0062] Effective paving: During the time when the longitudinal movement pauses, the second chain block 44 that drives the paving discharge bin 28 during transverse movement exactly moves from a position directly above the center of the large gear a41 to a position directly above the center of another gear 42. At this time, the discharge port 61 completes a one-way paving from one end to the other end in the transverse direction of the soil trough 29;

[0063] Ineffective paving: During the subsequent longitudinal movement time, the second chain block 44 that drives the paving discharge bin 28 during transverse movement also exactly completes moving from a position directly above the center of the large gear b42 to a position directly below the center of the large gear b42. At this time, the discharge port 61 moves directly above the collection channel 63 outside the soil trough 29, and the material is collected through the collection bucket 64 for the next paving. The above completes one paving process and starts to enter the next paving process;

[0064] When all paving processes are completed, the longitudinal paving just completes from one end to the other end, that is, the first chain block 36 that drives the paving discharge bin during longitudinal movement moves from directly above the center of the double - linked gear b part 33 to directly above another large gear 31;

[0065] When the arc occupied by the teeth of the notched gear 34 during longitudinal movement is smaller, the distance of a single longitudinal movement is smaller, making the distance between two paving locations smaller, and thus the paving will be more uniform;

[0066] Step 5: According to the mass of materials required for paving one layer, change the scale value of the graduated baffle 58 to set the conveying speed of the conveyor belt in the paving device; specific adjustment method: Since the known volume of paving one layer and the in-situ unit weight of the materials are known, the effective paving mass can be obtained. The total paving mass can be calculated by dividing the effective paving mass by the proportion of the notched arc in the notched gear 34, that is, the effective paving divided by the ratio of the effective paving time to the total paving time; the total paving time can be calculated from the total horizontal movement time when the notched gear 36 driving the paving discharge bin in the longitudinal movement just moves from directly above the center of a part 33 of the double gear b to directly above the center of another large gear 31, and then the required discharge speed can be calculated; by pre-determining the unit weight of the materials, the volume of materials transported per unit time can be obtained. Given the width and running speed of the second conveyor belt 52 with side plates in the paving device, the required thickness of the materials can be obtained at this time; the thickness of the transported materials can be controlled by adjusting the up and down position of the graduated baffle 58: that is, when the lower end of the graduated baffle 58 is in close contact with the second conveyor belt 52, the scale value 0 is exactly horizontal with the second horizontal plate at this time; when the graduated baffle 58 is lifted upward, it can be fixed and restricted by bolts 60 in three directions. At this time, the distance between the lower end of the graduated baffle 58 and the second conveyor belt 52 is the scale value on the graduated baffle 58 that is horizontal with the second horizontal plate 53, which is also the thickness of the transported materials.

[0067] Step 6: Push the paving discharge bin 28 under the support and connect it to the connecting plate 48 through the first threaded hole 49 and the second threaded hole 50. By starting the first engine 35 and the second engine 43, when starting to pave, the first chain block 36 driving the paving discharge bin 28 in the longitudinal movement is located directly above the center of the part 33 of the double gear b or directly below the center of the large gear 31, that is, the first chain block 36 driving the paving discharge bin 28 in the longitudinal movement has just completed half a turn of rotating through the part 33 of the double gear b or the large gear 31, and the discharge port 61 makes intermittent longitudinal movement from one longitudinal end of the soil trough 29 to the other end; and at this time, the notched gear 34 just starts to rotate into the notched part; the second chain block 44 driving the paving discharge bin 28 in the transverse movement is located directly above the center of the large gear a 41 or directly below the center of the large gear b 42; at the same time, start the first engine 35 and the second engine 43 for both transverse and longitudinal movements to pave one layer of the soil trough.

[0068] Step 7: After compacting the soil trough 29 to the marked position and roughening it, if no further paving is required, start the second conveyor belt 52 and collect it under the discharge port 61; if further paving is required, extend the first cylinder 15 under the weighing plate 13 into the U-shaped seat 16 to close the hinge plate 14 under the weighing bin 12, then adjust the gear switch 5 to the high gear, and start the second weighing, mixing and paving process.

Claims

1. An apparatus for setting up a soil trough model in field simulation tests, characterized in that, It includes an automatic weighing device (1) for weighing soil and a spreading device for spreading soil; The automatic weighing device (1) includes a first support (22). A feed bin (3) is fixed at the top of the first support (22). A first conveyor belt (4) for conveying soil is arranged directly below the feed bin (3). The discharge opening of the first conveyor belt (4) is butted against a weighing bin (12), and the weighing bin (12) is supported on the top of a weighing sensor (18) for weighing; The spreading device includes a second support (24), a longitudinal reciprocating motion device (25) with intermittent longitudinal movement, a transverse reciprocating motion device (26), and a spreading discharge bin (28); Above the second support (24), there are a longitudinal guide rail (30) and a longitudinal reciprocating motion device (25) with intermittent longitudinal movement. In the longitudinal reciprocating motion device (25) with intermittent longitudinal movement, a large gear (31) and a double gear a part (32) and a double gear b part (33) connected by a chain are respectively arranged on both sides. The double gear a part (32) meshes with a notched gear (34), and the notched gear (34) is connected to a first engine (35). A first slider (37) is fixed on a certain first chain block (36) of the chain. The first slider (37) can slide up and down in a first vertical plate (38) with a vertical chute, driving the first vertical plate (38) to slide in the longitudinal guide rail (30); A transverse support (39), a transverse guide rail (40) arranged on the transverse support (39), and a transverse reciprocating motion device (26) are welded below the first vertical plate (38). In the transverse reciprocating motion device (26), a large gear a (41) and a large gear b (42) connected by a chain are arranged on both sides. The large gear a (41) is connected to a second engine (43). A second slider (45) is fixed on a certain second chain block (44) of the chain. The second slider (45) can slide up and down in a second vertical plate (46) with a vertical chute, and the second vertical plate (46) slides on the transverse guide rail (40); A cylinder (47) is arranged at the bottom end of the second vertical plate (46). A connecting plate (48) is arranged at the piston rod of the cylinder (47), and a plurality of first threaded holes (49) are arranged on the connecting plate (48); The spreading discharge bin (28) is provided with a plurality of second threaded holes (50); During the pause of the longitudinal movement, the second chain block (44) that drives the spreading discharge bin (28) to move horizontally just moves from a position directly above the center of the large gear a (41) to a position directly above the center of the large gear b (42). At this time, the discharge port (61) completes a one-way spreading from one end to the other end horizontally in the soil trough (29); The spreading discharge bin (28) is connected to the connecting plate (48) through the first threaded holes (49) and the second threaded holes (50).

2. The soil tank model setting device for field simulation tests according to claim 1, wherein: The first conveyor belt (4) is connected to a gear switch (5) for controlling the conveying speed, and controls the first conveyor belt (4) to achieve three-gear control of high speed, low speed, and stop; on the right side of the outlet of the feed bin (3), a horizontally laid first horizontal plate (6) is welded. On the inner wall of the first support (22) and below the feed bin (3), a feed bin load-bearing plate (7) is provided. On the top of the feed bin load-bearing plate (7), a first vertical plate (8) for supporting the feed bin (3) is fixed. On the inner side wall of the first vertical plate (8), a first T-shaped guide groove (9) is provided, which is matched with the first T-shaped track (10) on the outside of the first conveyor belt (4); at the end of the first conveyor belt (4), a feed bin discharge port (11) is provided.

3. The soil tank model setting device for field simulation tests according to claim 2, wherein: The weighing bin (12) is integrally supported on the top of the weighing plate (13). At the bottom of the weighing bin (12), a vertically rotating hinge plate (14) is installed. At the bottom of the hinge plate (14), a first air cylinder (15) for controlling its opening is provided. The end of the piston rod of the first air cylinder (15) is matched with the U-shaped seat (16) at the bottom end of the weighing plate (13). The first air cylinder (15) is connected to an air cylinder controller (17) for controlling its action. The air cylinder controller (17) is fixed on the outer wall of the first support (22). At the outlet of the weighing bin (12), a weighing device discharge port (21) is provided.

4. The soil tank model setting device for field simulation tests according to claim 3, wherein: The four corners of the weighing plate (13) are supported on the top of the weighing sensors (18). The weighing sensors (18) are located on the top of the weighing bin load-bearing plate (19). The weighing bin load-bearing plate (19) is fixed on the inner side wall of the first support (22). The weighing sensors (18) are connected to the display control panel (20) and the first air cylinder (15), and the weighing sensors (18) are also connected to the display control panel (20) and the gear switch (5); at the four corners of the bottom of the first support (22), first casters (23) are installed.

5. The soil tank model setting device for field simulation tests according to claim 4, characterized in that: At the top of the paving discharge bin (28), there is a paving discharge bin collection port (51) that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Below the paving discharge bin (28) is a second conveyor belt (52) with vertical side baffles. On the right side of the outlet of the paving discharge bin (28), a horizontally laid second horizontal plate (53) is welded. In front of and behind the outlet of the paving discharge bin (28), there are second vertical plates (55) supported on the top of the paving discharge bin load-bearing plate (54). The upper and lower edges of the second vertical plates (55) are both second T-shaped guide grooves (56), which can freely pass the second T-shaped tracks (57) on the side plates of the second conveyor belt (52). On the right side of the outlet of the paving discharge bin (28), a hollow iron block (59) is welded, which can just allow a scale baffle (58) to move up and down. On both sides and the front of the hollow iron block (59), there are two bolts (60) respectively for fixing the position of the scale baffle (58). The second horizontal plate (53) has a notch that can just allow the scale baffle (58) to move up and down, and a discharge port (61) is provided in the conveying direction of the conveyor belt. The paving discharge bin (28) is provided with lockable second casters (62).

6. The device for setting up a soil tank model in a field simulation test according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a soil trough (29). Collection channels (63) are provided on both sides of the soil trough (29), and a collection bucket (64) is placed below the outlet of the collection channel (63).

7. A method for setting up a soil tank model using the soil tank model setting device according to claim 6 for field simulation tests, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Step 1: After dividing the soil trough (29) into a certain number of layers and making marks inside, set the value to zero at the display control panel (20), and give a set value at the display control panel (20) according to the mass of the required material. Align the discharge port (21) of the weighing device with the collection port (51) of the paving discharge bin. Step 2: Pour the soil into the feed bin (3), and at the same time adjust the gear switch (5) to the high-speed gear. The soil is transported out through the first conveyor belt (4) and enters the weighing bin (12). Step 3: When the mass of the soil is nearly approaching the set value, automatically adjust the gear switch (5) to the low-speed gear through the plc; then when the mass of the soil reaches the set value, automatically adjust the gear switch (5) to the off gear through the plc, and the first cylinder (15) below the weighing plate (13) contracts, and the hinged plate (14) freely falls under its own gravity, so that the soil enters the collection port (51) of the paving discharge bin from the discharge port (21) of the weighing device. Step 4: The device is designed as follows: 1) When the first chain block (36) or the second chain block (44) that drives the paving discharge bin (28) to move during longitudinal or transverse movement is exactly above or below the center of the gear of the sprocket, the discharge port (61) is exactly at the head or tail end of the longitudinal or transverse direction of the soil trough (29). This makes the length and width of the soil trough (29) set to the same size as the distance from the center of the gear of the sprocket in the longitudinal and transverse movements, ensuring that the effective paving range is consistent with the length and width of the soil trough (29). 2) By calculating and adjusting the rotation speed and the size of the gears, the following functions can be achieved: Effective paving: During the pause time of the longitudinal movement, the second chain block (44) that drives the paving discharge bin (28) to move in the transverse movement just moves from a position exactly above the center of the large gear a (41) to a position exactly above the center of the large gear b (42). At this time, the discharge port (61) completes a one-way paving from one end to the other end in the transverse direction of the soil trough (29). Ineffective paving: Then, during the time of the longitudinal movement, the second chain block (44) that drives the paving discharge bin (28) to move in the transverse movement also just completes the movement from a position exactly above the center of the large gear b (42) to a position exactly below the center of the large gear b (42). At this time, the discharge port (61) moves above the collection channel (63) outside the soil trough (29), and the material is collected by the collection bucket (64) for the next paving. The above completes one paving process and starts to enter the next paving process. When all the paving processes are completed, the longitudinal paving just completes from one end to the other end, that is, the first chain block (36) that drives the paving discharge bin to move in the longitudinal movement moves from a position exactly above the center of the double gear b part (33) to a position exactly above another large gear (31). When the arc occupied by the teeth of the notched gear (34) in the longitudinal movement is smaller, the distance of a single longitudinal movement is smaller, so that the distance between two paving locations is smaller, and thus the paving will be more uniform. Step Five: According to the mass of materials required for paving one layer, change the scale value of the graduated baffle (58) to set the conveying speed of the conveyor belt in the paving device; specific adjustment method: The effective paving mass can be known from the known volume of paving one layer and the in-situ unit weight of the materials. The total paving mass is obtained by dividing the effective paving mass by the ratio of the notched arc in the notched gear (34), that is, the ratio of the effective paving time to the total paving time; the total paving time is the total horizontal movement time of the first chain block (36) that drives the paving discharge bin to move during the longitudinal movement from exactly above the center of a part of the double gear b (33) to exactly above the center of another large gear (31), and then calculate the required discharge speed; and by pre-measuring the unit weight of the materials, the volume of materials transported per unit time can be obtained. Given the width and operating speed of the second conveyor belt (52) with side plates in the paving device, the required thickness of the materials can be obtained at this time; the thickness of the transported materials is controlled by adjusting the up and down position of the graduated baffle (58): that is, when the lower end of the graduated baffle (58) is in close contact with the second conveyor belt (52), the scale value 0 is exactly horizontal with the second horizontal plate at this time; when the graduated baffle (58) is lifted upward, it is fixed and restricted by bolts (60) in three directions. At this time, the distance between the lower end of the graduated baffle (58) and the second conveyor belt (52) is the scale value on the graduated baffle (58) that is horizontal with the second horizontal plate (53), which is also the thickness of the transported materials. Step Six: Push the paving discharge bin (28) under the support and connect it to the connecting plate (48) through the first threaded hole (49) and the second threaded hole (50). By starting the first engine (35) and the second engine (43), when starting to pave, the first chain block (36) that drives the paving discharge bin (28) to move during the longitudinal movement is located exactly above the center of a part of the double gear b (33) or exactly below the center of the large gear (31), that is, the first chain block (36) that drives the paving discharge bin (28) to move during the longitudinal movement has just completed half a turn of passing through a part of the double gear b (33) or the large gear (31), and the discharge port (61) makes intermittent longitudinal movement from one longitudinal end of the soil trough (29) to the other end; and at this time, the notched gear (34) just starts to rotate into the notched part; the second chain block (44) that drives the paving discharge bin (28) to move during the transverse movement is located exactly above the center of the large gear a (41) or exactly below the center of the large gear b (42); at the same time, start the first engine (35) and the second engine (43) for both transverse and longitudinal movements to pave one layer of the soil trough. Step Seven: After compacting the soil trough (29) to the marked position and roughening it, if no further paving is required, start the second conveyor belt (52) and collect it under the discharge port (61). If re-paving is required, extend the first cylinder (15) under the weighing plate (13) into the U-shaped seat (16) to close the hinge plate (14) under the weighing bin (12). Then, adjust the gear switch (5) to the high-speed gear to start the second weighing, mixing, and paving processes.

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