River course shape ecological restoration method

Abstract

The application discloses a river course form ecological restoration method in the technical field of river course ecological restoration, and is used for improving the river course form, and comprises the following steps: investigating a target river course, and determining the ecological environment of the target river course; dividing the target river course into a deposition section and an accelerated flow section which are alternately arranged along the flow direction of the river course according to the ecological environment; arranging arc-shaped enclosing walls on the two banks of the accelerated flow section; carrying out a dredging operation on the deposition section, and preparing fiber silt from river bottom silt and backfilling the fiber silt into the inner side of the enclosing walls to form an island wetland. The method utilizes space segmentation and ecological restoration technology, realizes the restoration of the river course form, simultaneously realizes the fixed-point centralized cleaning of silt, reduces the labor intensity of the dredging operation, and reduces the cost of the dredging operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of river ecological restoration technology, specifically to a method for ecological restoration of river morphology. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in plain areas, urban waterways are being channelized, resulting in uniform cross-sectional shapes and straight courses. This channelization has significantly hampered the water's self-purification capacity and the maintenance of harmony between humans and the aquatic environment. The straight, unremarkable waterways have a substantial negative impact on urban ecology and the urban environment. Due to channelization, some urban waterways have experienced severe ecological degradation, resulting in homogeneous river morphologies, reduced river diversity, and adversely affecting biodiversity.

[0003] Urban water systems, as an important component of cities, participate in and influence a city's prosperity. However, many urban waterways are currently straight, lacking diversity in riverbed morphology, bank morphology, and flow patterns, resulting in poor ecological and visual comfort. For example, most waterways in the suburbs of Shanghai are sloping, with slopes primarily composed of silty soil, making them prone to soil erosion and requiring frequent riverbank repairs. Furthermore, dredging operations require the removal and disposal of silt from the riverbed, and the random deposition of sediment within the waterway necessitates dredging the entire channel, leading to high labor intensity and costs.

[0004] Ecological restoration refers to ceasing human interference with ecosystems to reduce their burden and relying on their self-regulating and self-organizing capabilities to guide their evolution towards order. Alternatively, it involves utilizing the ecosystem's self-recovery capacity, supplemented by human intervention, to gradually restore damaged ecosystems or guide them towards a virtuous cycle. To help urban rivers regain their clear waters, green banks, and beautiful natural scenery, the use of ecological restoration techniques for aquatic ecological environment construction in rivers, aligning with green and environmentally friendly development concepts, has gradually become a hot topic in development.

[0005] Therefore, the morphology of plain river channels needs restoration, transforming them from straight to curved. This requires relatively small-scale engineering projects and an ecological restoration technology to convert straight river channels into curved ones, thereby producing better ecological effects. Secondly, how to reduce river dredging costs using ecological restoration methods has become a pressing technical problem for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide an ecological restoration method for river morphology, so as to realize the transformation of river channels from straight to curved, while solving the technical problems of high labor intensity and high cost of existing river dredging.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: an ecological restoration method for river channel morphology, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] S10: Conduct an investigation of the target river channel and determine the ecological environment of the target river channel;

[0009] S20: Based on the ecological environment, the target river channel is divided into alternating sedimentation sections and accelerated flow sections along the river's direction;

[0010] S30: Arc-shaped enclosure walls are provided on both banks of the acceleration flow section;

[0011] S40: Dredging is carried out on the accelerated flow section and sedimentation section, and the riverbed silt is made into fibrous silt and backfilled into the inner side of the enclosure wall to form a peninsula wetland.

[0012] Preferably, the enclosure wall comprises wooden stakes, a bamboo raft layer, and a grass mat layer arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The wooden stakes are arranged along the arc of the enclosure wall, and the bottom end of the wooden stakes is inserted into the soil layer. The bamboo raft layer is arranged inside the wooden stakes and tied to the wooden stakes, and the bottom end of the bamboo raft layer is inserted into the soil layer. The grass mat layer is arranged inside the bamboo raft layer and tied to the bamboo raft layer.

[0013] Preferably, the peninsula wetland is provided with layered flat grass mats and single-layered slanted grass mats. The slanted grass mats are laid on the slope. Multiple flat grass mats are arranged in parallel layers from bottom to top as the fibrous silt is backfilled. One end of the flat grass mat is tied to the slanted grass mat, and the other end of the flat grass mat is tied to the grass carpet layer, so that the flat grass mats, slanted grass mats, and grass carpet layer form a net bag for the fibrous silt.

[0014] Preferably, the flat-laid straw mat, the diagonally laid straw mat, and the straw blanket layer are all made of rice straw or wheat straw.

[0015] Preferably, the fibrous silt comprises riverbed silt and grass fibers that have been stirred and mixed evenly.

[0016] Preferably, the grass fiber comprises rice straw or wheat straw with a length of 50mm to 150mm.

[0017] Preferably, the volume fraction of grass fibers in the fibrous sludge is 5%.

[0018] Preferably, the two ends of the enclosure wall are smoothly connected to the banks of the acceleration flow section, the middle of the enclosure wall protrudes outward, and the maximum width of the enclosure wall is less than or equal to 1 / 4 of the width of the river mouth.

[0019] Preferably, multiple peninsula wetlands are arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically on both banks of the accelerated flow section.

[0020] Preferably, steps are provided above the peninsula wetland, and the steps are connected to the top of the dike.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0022] This invention utilizes peninsula wetlands as components to transform straight river channels into curved ones, thus restoring the river's morphology. First, the target river channel is divided into sedimentation and acceleration sections according to its ecological environment using spatial segmentation principles. Then, ecological restoration techniques are employed to arrange peninsula wetlands on both sides of the acceleration section. By artificially adding these wetlands, the river's surface area is reduced, thereby increasing the water flow velocity. This allows sediment to flow through the acceleration section and deposit in the sedimentation section, achieving targeted sedimentation and centralized removal of river silt, reducing the intensity of silt removal operations. Simultaneously, this invention uses ecological restoration techniques to mix the removed river silt with grass fibers and backfill it into the peninsula wetlands. This not only reduces the cost of transporting silt and lowers the overall cost of river dredging but also maintains the ecological balance of the river. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the peninsula wetland according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the peninsula wetland according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0026] Figure 4 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the river channel after ecological restoration;

[0027] Figure 5 This is the second schematic diagram of the river channel after ecological restoration.

[0028] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure:

[0029] 100. Accelerated flow section;

[0030] 200. Sedimentary section;

[0031] 300. Peninsula Wetlands;

[0032] 310. Enclosure wall; 320. Fiber silt; 330. Flat straw mat; 340. Diagonal straw mat;

[0033] 311. Wooden stakes; 312. Bamboo raft layer; 313. Grass carpet layer;

[0034] 400. Stepping;

[0035] 500, Slope;

[0036] 600, River Estuary Line. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0041] Examples, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, an ecological restoration method for river channel morphology is proposed. This method is used to ecologically restore existing canalized river channels in plains, which can not only improve the river channel morphology and improve the bank protection, but also reduce the cost of silt removal from the river channel. The ecological restoration method includes the following steps:

[0042] S10: Conduct an investigation of the target river channel and determine the ecological environment on both banks of the target river channel.

[0043] S20: Based on the ecological environment, the target river channel is divided into several alternating acceleration flow sections 100 and sedimentation sections 200 along the river flow direction.

[0044] S30: Arc-shaped enclosure walls 310 are installed on both sides of the acceleration flow section 100;

[0045] S40: Dredging is carried out on the accelerated flow section 100 and the sedimentation section 200, and the riverbed silt is made into fiber silt 320 and backfilled into the inner side of the enclosure wall 310 to form a peninsula wetland 300.

[0046] This invention uses peninsula wetlands as components to transform straight river channels into curved ones, thus restoring the river's morphology. First, the target river channel is divided into a sedimentation section 200 and an acceleration flow section 100 according to the ecological environment using the principle of spatial segmentation. Then, using ecological restoration technology, peninsula wetlands 300 are arranged on both sides of the acceleration flow section 100. The artificially added peninsula wetlands 300 reduce the water flow area of ​​the acceleration flow section 100, thereby increasing the water flow velocity and causing sediment to flow through the acceleration flow section 100 and concentrate in the sedimentation section 200. This achieves targeted and centralized removal of river silt, reducing the intensity of silt removal operations. Simultaneously, this application uses ecological restoration technology to mix the removed river silt with grass fiber to form fibrous silt 320, which is then backfilled into the peninsula wetlands 300. This not only reduces the cost of silt transportation and river dredging, and increases silt utilization, but also maintains the ecological balance of the river after morphological restoration.

[0047] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the enclosure wall 310 includes wooden stakes 311, a bamboo raft layer 312, and a grass mat layer 313 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. Multiple wooden stakes 311 are arranged along the arc of the enclosure wall 310, with their bottom ends inserted into the soil. The bamboo raft layer 312 is located inside the wooden stakes 311 and is tied to them, with its bottom end inserted into the soil. The bamboo raft layer 312 is composed of multiple bamboo rafts arranged and connected along the arc of the enclosure wall 310. The grass mat layer 313 is located inside the bamboo raft layer 312 and is tied to it. The grass mat layer 313 is composed of multiple grass mats hung on the bamboo raft layer 312 and connected sequentially.

[0048] Specifically: The enclosure wall 310 is composed of wooden stakes, bamboo rafts, and grass mats, forming a three-in-one wall structure of wooden stakes + bamboo rafts + grass mats from the outside to the inside.

[0049] The timber piles used are pine piles with a radial dimension D greater than 120mm, and the bottom of the pile is inserted into the soil to a depth greater than one-third of its length above the soil layer. Pine wood is rich in resin and has good anti-corrosion properties. The combination of pine piles, bamboo rafts, and grass mats to form the revetment has advantages such as short construction period, strong erosion resistance, economic feasibility, and significant ecological and landscape effects. The timber piles are arranged along the outer contour of the 300-meter peninsula wetland, either closely spaced or spaced apart. When the retaining height is large, the spacing between the timber piles should be small, and when the retaining height is small, the spacing can be large. During construction, the timber piles are first positioned and arranged according to the design requirements. Behind the timber piles are vertically set bamboo rafts, which are tied together at the joints of two bamboo rafts. The bamboo rafts are then tied to the timber piles with galvanized iron wire, and the timber piles provide support for the bamboo rafts.

[0050] The bamboo raft is a mesh structure woven from bamboo strips, with mesh sizes that can be adjusted. A standard bamboo raft can be used. The raft is positioned inside the wooden stakes, inserted into the soil to a depth greater than 150mm, and can be inserted using a traction method. The bottom of the raft is inserted into the soil, forming a combined wall with the assistance of the wooden stakes and straw mats, serving as a retaining wall. The straw mats hanging on the raft and the flat straw mats 330 form a net, which can restrain the fibrous silt 320 backfilled into the peninsula wetland 300.

[0051] The bamboo rafts are simply supported by wooden piles, with their bottoms inserted into the foundation soil, forming a multi-sided supported bamboo raft wall structure. The enclosure wall, primarily composed of bamboo rafts, is a simply supported structure (310), capable of adapting to uneven foundation settlement and self-regulating uneven distribution of horizontal pressure. The bamboo rafts are bound to the wooden piles with galvanized iron wire, the two being interdependent; each raft has 2-5 binding points. This bamboo raft not only degrades harmful substances in the water but also provides space for aquatic microorganisms to attach, grow, and reproduce. The increased microorganisms further promote the degradation of pollutants in the water, forming a virtuous cycle with ecological and environmental advantages. Simultaneously, the bamboo rafts' affinity provides habitat for plankton, thus also providing biological support for fish.

[0052] Bamboo rafts placed on the water can degrade harmful substances in the river and provide space for microorganisms to attach, grow, and reproduce, continuously promoting the degradation of pollutants in the river water. Bamboo rafts are natural ecological materials with biocompatibility, a rough surface, and a large specific surface area. They are characterized by low cost, renewability, low environmental pollution, and self-degradability. The microorganisms attached to the surface of bamboo rafts have a high content of phospholipids and dehydrogenase activity, providing space for microbial attachment, growth, and reproduction, and continuously promoting the degradation of pollutants in the water.

[0053] The straw mats are made from rice or wheat straw using specialized weaving machinery. The straw mats are hung on the inside of the bamboo raft primarily to reduce the loss of backfill soil (i.e., fibrous silt 320) and to increase the strength of the enclosure wall 310. The straw mats are hung on the back of the vertically positioned bamboo raft, with binding points spaced 300mm x 300mm. The vertically positioned straw mats intersect perpendicularly with the horizontally positioned flat straw mats 330, and the two are tied together with ropes to form a net.

[0054] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, flat grass mats 330 and slanted grass mats 340 are provided in the peninsula wetland 300. The slanted grass mats 340 are laid on the slope 500 to maintain the slope 500 and reduce soil erosion. According to the layered arrangement of the fiber silt 320, multiple flat grass mats 330 are arranged in parallel from bottom to top, and one end of the flat grass mat 330 is tied to the slanted grass mat 340, and the other end of the flat grass mat 330 is tied to the grass carpet layer 313, so that the flat grass mats 330, slanted grass mats 340 and grass carpet layer 313 form a net bag of fiber silt 320.

[0055] Specifically: The backfill material in Peninsula Wetland 300 consists of slanted grass mat 340, multi-layer flat grass mat 330 and fibrous silt 320.

[0056] The diagonally laid straw mats 340 and the flat-laid straw mats 330 are made from rice or wheat straw using specialized weaving machinery. When laying the diagonally laid straw mats 340, the pressure point extends from the bottom of the slope to the top, with a 50mm overlap in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The flat-laid straw mats 330 are horizontally installed within the enclosure wall 310, and each layer of flat-laid straw mats 330 is bound together with the vertical straw mat (i.e., the straw mat layer 313). The backfilled fiber silt 320 provides ballast for the flat-laid straw mats 330 and forms a net around the diagonally laid straw mats 340, the flat-laid straw mats 330, and the straw mat layer 313, tightly holding the backfilled fiber silt 320.

[0057] The layered flat-laid straw mat 330 utilizes the friction between the reinforcing bars and the backfill soil (i.e., fiber silt 320) to improve the deformation conditions and engineering properties of the backfill soil, thereby stabilizing it. It reduces the lateral pressure on the backfill soil through friction between the backfill soil and the reinforcing bars, thus stabilizing it. The enclosure wall 310 is a flexible structure with high adaptability to foundation deformation. Adding reinforcing materials to the backfill soil within the enclosure wall 310 can improve its shear strength and increase the stability of the backfill engineering. The pressure generated by the weight of the backfill soil acts on the enclosure wall 310, and this pressure is transferred to the flat-laid straw mat 330 through the straw mat layer 313 within the enclosure wall 310. The friction between the flat-laid straw mat 330 and the backfill soil constrains the lateral displacement of the enclosure wall 310, thus resisting the pressure from the backfill soil. In the combination formed by the flat grass mat 330 and the backfill soil, the elastic modulus of the flat grass mat 330 is much greater than that of the backfill soil. Under the combined action of the flat grass mat 330 and the backfill soil, the flat grass mat 330 also plays a reinforcing role in the backfill soil, which greatly improves the strength of the backfill soil.

[0058] At the intersection of the flat grass mat 330 and the grass carpet, the two sides are tightly bound together with grass ropes. A layer of flat grass mat 330 should be placed at the base of the peninsula wetland 300. The remaining flat grass mats 330 are then laid horizontally in layers within the fiber silt 320. The spacing between the two layers of flat grass mats 330 should be determined based on the friction provided by the grass mats. After the flat grass mats 330 are laid in layers and compacted, fiber silt 320 is backfilled on top of the flat grass mats 330. This involves placing the silt, after it has been excavated, inside the enclosure wall 310, spreading it evenly, sprinkling grass fibers in layers, and mixing it with a mixer to form fiber silt 320. The horizontally laid grass mats 330 can improve the shear strength of the backfill soil.

[0059] Silt cannot be used directly as backfill soil. However, by adding grass fibers, the bridging effect of the grass fibers can improve the performance of the silt, increasing its adhesion and durability, thereby enhancing the deformation resistance of the silt matrix, increasing its tensile strength, and ultimately improving its toughness and impact resistance. Using riverbed silt as backfill is an environmentally friendly, low-carbon, and economical technology. Furthermore, the netting formed by the grass mat layer 313, the flat grass mat 330, and the diagonally laid grass mat 340 provides constraint and protection for the fiber-reinforced silt 320 as backfill soil.

[0060] Grass fiber is made from rice or wheat straw using specialized machinery. It can be processed into lengths of 50mm to 150mm, making full use of agricultural straw and providing an effective way to address the impact of straw burning on air quality. Fiber Silt 320, made from silt and straw, not only meets engineering needs but also solves the negative environmental impact of straw, with significant environmental benefits.

[0061] The dredged silt is used on-site, utilizing waste materials and serving as raw material for riverbed reshaping. These two aspects are interconnected; the utilization of silt promotes the improvement of riverbed morphology. Fiber silt 320 has the advantages of low cost, simple construction, and environmental friendliness, and is suitable for the growth of aquatic plants. Grass fiber is simple to produce, inexpensive, and produces no secondary pollution; planting aquatic plants with it is beneficial to the river landscape.

[0062] To ensure uniform distribution of grass fibers within the silt, the maximum grass fiber content in fiber silt 320 is 5% (by volume). Fiber silt 320 can be prepared on-site as backfill. Silt is backfilled in layers, with grass fibers evenly dispersed within each layer. The mixture is thoroughly blended using a mixer. Grass fibers are sprinkled while backfilling the silt, and the mixture is repeated until a certain thickness is achieved. The layered, flat-laid grass mats 330 provide a binding effect, reducing soil pressure and facilitating construction.

[0063] Grass seeds can be added to the 320 cubic meters of fibrous silt on the surface of the peninsula wetland. After germination, the grass seeds will gradually grow into aquatic plants. The roots of the aquatic plants planted in the peninsula wetland will intertwine to form a stable underground root system, which can improve infiltration and water absorption capacity, and is more conducive to intercepting, absorbing, and degrading pollutants in runoff, thus constructing an ecological waterway.

[0064] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the two ends of the enclosure wall 310 are smoothly connected to the banks of the acceleration flow section 100. The middle of the enclosure wall 310 protrudes outward, and the maximum width of the enclosure wall 310 is less than or equal to 1 / 4 of the width of the river mouth.

[0065] Specifically, Peninsula Wetland 300 is deployed along riverbanks to restore river morphology. Through sedimentation, filtration, and biodegradation, it utilizes various biological and engineering measures to create a pleasant, water-friendly green space. Existing river morphologies can be restored using Peninsula Wetland 300, transforming straight sections into curved ones. Different placements of Peninsula Wetland 300 result in different river morphologies, typically including symmetrical and asymmetrical arrangements. The two ends of Peninsula Wetland 300 smoothly connect to the river channel, creating a harmonious blend of straight and curved sections. Repaired bank protection is incorporated into Peninsula Wetland 300, which is planted with amphibians, thus replacing the need for new bank protection.

[0066] The perimeter of each peninsula wetland 300 is formed by an arc, and the sizes of each peninsula wetland 300 can be equal or different. The river channel width is B1, and the maximum cross-sectional width of a single peninsula wetland 300 is B2, where B2 ≤ B1 / 4. The length of each peninsula wetland 300 can be determined based on the amount of usable silt or the length of the revetment requiring maintenance. Where peninsula wetlands 300 are located on the riverbank, the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel will be reduced. When the flow velocity exceeds the erosion control velocity, the riverbed should be reinforced.

[0067] Preferred, such as Figure 2 As shown, the peninsula wetland 300 is provided with steps 400, which are connected to the top of the dike.

[0068] The mechanism of this invention is as follows:

[0069] The peninsula wetlands, interspersed along both banks of the river, alter its shape, transforming it from a straight line to a curve. Different water levels create different shorelines. Below the design water level, the riverbank is curved; above the design water level, the peninsula wetlands are submerged, resulting in a straight riverbank, showcasing the richness and variability of the riverbank. Because the time above the design water level is infrequent, generally occurring during the flood season, the vegetation in the peninsula wetlands is submerged and sways with the waves. Therefore, the river remains in a curved shoreline state for extended periods.

[0070] In sections where peninsula wetlands are set up to accelerate flow, the river's surface area decreases, the flow velocity increases, and sediment deposition is less likely. Conversely, in sedimentary sections without peninsula wetlands, the surface area is large, the flow velocity is low, and sediment deposition is relatively easy. For example, if a sedimentary section is located in a section of the river that is easy to dredge, peninsula wetlands can be set up before and after the sedimentary section to slow down the water flow in the dredging-friendly section, thus facilitating sediment deposition and enabling concentrated dredging.

[0071] Accelerated flow sections are typically located in commercial or residential areas as landscape ecological sections. The requirements are to reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel, with a flow velocity of V1 within the accelerated flow section. V1 must be greater than the non-silting velocity of the river channel but less than the non-scouring velocity, preventing sediment deposition and erosion of the riverbed. The natural degradation of pollutants in the water can improve water quality and provide nutrients for aquatic plant growth. The degradation of pollutants requires oxygen, and the accelerated flow section in the application provides sufficient oxygen for the self-purification of the water body.

[0072] The sedimentation section is generally set in a section of the river where there is less disturbance to residents and where dredging is convenient. The requirement is to maintain the existing cross-section of the river and reduce the flow velocity to facilitate sediment deposition. The flow velocity in the sedimentation section is V2, and V2 is the sedimentation velocity, which means that V2 is less than the non-silting velocity.

[0073] When water flows through the acceleration section, the smaller cross-sectional area and higher velocity of the acceleration section make it difficult for sediment to settle. The water carries the sediment rapidly into the sedimentation section. In the sedimentation section, the larger cross-sectional area and lower velocity facilitate sediment accumulation. As the water flows slowly, sediment is continuously deposited in the sedimentation section. When a certain amount of silt has accumulated, it is advisable to carry out concentrated dredging at the lowest water level.

[0074] The establishment of sedimentation sections can transform the inevitable siltation in the river channel into controlled sedimentation, change the dredging of the entire river channel once every few years to concentrated dredging of a limited section of the river channel, and change large-scale dredging to small-scale dredging. By changing the silted river section and the state of dredging, the impact on the urban environment can be reduced.

[0075] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0076] In this application, the main element of the ecological restoration technology is the peninsula wetland. The peninsula wetland is a component for changing the river morphology, a basic unit for the treatment and repair of riverbank protection, and an extension of sponge city. By using the peninsula wetland as a basic component, it is not only convenient to construct the river morphology, but also to repair the riverbank protection at the same time, optimize sediment deposition at the same time, and thus carry out river dredging at the same time.

[0077] This application, through the establishment of peninsula wetlands, improves river morphology, alters river flow velocity, reduces river management costs, maintains the sustainable and healthy development of the river's ecological environment, and safeguards the stability of the aquatic ecosystem. Under the premise of water flow, it enhances biological activity, thereby efficiently improving the ecosystem's decomposition and purification capabilities.

[0078] This application, without altering the scale and function of the river channel, aims to change the hydraulic conditions of the existing river channel by establishing a peninsula wetland, thereby achieving directional, fast, and orderly water flow to control sediment deposition in the river channel. This enables regular, targeted dredging, reduces the impact of dredging, scientifically utilizes water resources, and comprehensively improves the water environment. The peninsula wetland not only has landscape and ecological functions but also adds beauty to the river channel and purifies the water quality.

[0079] The peninsula wetland in this application has a rainwater storage function. Through centralized wetland storage facilities, it can absorb runoff rainwater from itself and the surrounding area of ​​the revetment, thus constructing a multi-functional water storage body. The peninsula wetland can also serve as a landscape water body with storage and purification functions. This multi-functional water body can play a normal role in landscaping, recreation, and leisure during normal times, and play a storage function during heavy rain, thus realizing the multi-functional use of land resources. The peninsula wetland can purify rainwater through physical, aquatic plant, and microbial processes, making it a highly efficient runoff pollution control facility.

[0080] This application has the advantages of low construction and operation costs, low energy consumption, convenient maintenance, and landscape function, and has broad application prospects in rivers in plain areas.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ecological restoration of a river course form, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S10: investigating a target river channel and determining an ecological environment of the target river channel; S20: dividing the target river channel into accelerating flow sections (100) and deposition sections (200) alternately arranged along a flow direction of the target river channel according to the ecological environment; S30: arranging arc-shaped enclosing walls (310) on both banks of the accelerating flow sections (100); S40: performing a dredging operation on the accelerating flow sections (100) and the deposition sections (200), and backfilling river bottom silt into the enclosing walls (310) to form peninsula wetlands (300) in the form of fiber silt (320); The fiber silt (320) comprises river bottom silt and straw fibers that are uniformly mixed by stirring. The enclosing walls (310) comprise wood piles (311), bamboo raft layers (312) and straw mat layers (313) arranged in sequence from outside to inside, the wood piles (311) are arranged along the arc line of the enclosing walls (310), and the bottom ends of the wood piles (311) are inserted into the soil layer; the bamboo raft layers (312) are arranged on the inner side of the wood piles (311) and are connected with the wood piles (311) by binding, and the bottom ends of the bamboo raft layers (312) are inserted into the soil layer; the straw mat layers (313) are arranged on the inner side of the bamboo raft layers (312) and are connected with the bamboo raft layers (312) by binding. The peninsula wetlands (300) are provided with layered flat-laid straw mats (330) and single-layered inclined-laid straw mats (340), the inclined-laid straw mats (340) are laid on the slope surface (500), a plurality of the flat-laid straw mats (330) are arranged in parallel from bottom to top as the fiber silt is backfilled, one end of the flat-laid straw mats (330) is connected with the inclined-laid straw mats (340) by binding, and the other end of the flat-laid straw mats (330) is connected with the straw mat layers (313) by binding, so that the flat-laid straw mats (330), the inclined-laid straw mats (340) and the straw mat layers (313) enclose a mesh bag of the fiber silt (320); The flat-laid straw mats (330), the inclined-laid straw mats (340) and the straw mat layers (313) are all made of rice straw or wheat straw, and the straw fibers comprise rice straw or wheat straw with a length of 50mm-150mm.

2. The method for ecological restoration of river channel form according to claim 1, characterized in that, The volume fraction of the straw fibers in the fiber silt (320) is 5%.

3. The method for ecological restoration of river channel form according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the enclosing walls (310) are smoothly connected with both banks of the accelerating flow sections (100), the middle part of the enclosing walls (310) protrudes outward, and the maximum width of the enclosing walls (310) is less than or equal to 1 / 4 of the width of the river mouth.

4. The method for ecological restoration of river channel form according to claim 3, characterized in that, A plurality of the peninsula wetlands (300) are symmetrically or asymmetrically arranged on both banks of the accelerating flow sections (100).

5. The method for ecological restoration of river channel form according to claim 4, characterized in that, The peninsula wetlands (300) are provided with steps (400) above.

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