A fabricated copper collector bar cathode assembly for an aluminum reduction cell and method of assembling the same

Abstract

An assembled copper conductive rod cathode group for aluminum electrolysis cell comprises cathode carbon blocks, the surfaces of which are processed with longitudinal grooves, and cathode conductive rods are arranged in the grooves, and paste is arranged between adjacent cathode conductive rods. An assembling method of the assembled copper conductive rod cathode group for aluminum electrolysis cell comprises the following steps: when assembling the conductive rod cathode group, one of the cathode conductive rods is pushed into the cathode carbon block along one end of the groove of the cathode carbon block, and another cathode conductive rod is pushed into the cathode carbon block along the other end of the groove of the cathode carbon block in the same way, after the four cathode conductive rods are assembled, paste is added between the two cathode conductive rods of each groove and is rammed, and the assembly between the cathode carbon block and the cathode conductive rod is completed. The cathode conductive rod is directly assembled with the cathode carbon block, the voltage drop of the cathode group is only the voltage drop between the cathode conductive rod and the cathode carbon block, the power consumption of the aluminum electrolysis cell can be effectively reduced, and the operation cost of the electrolysis cell can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrolytic aluminum technology and equipment, and in particular to an assembled copper conductive rod cathode assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell and its assembly method. Technical Background

[0002] The production process of electrolytic aluminum consumes a large amount of electrical energy. Statistics show that producing one ton of metallic aluminum consumes approximately 13,200–14,500 kWh of electricity. This energy consumption mainly includes three aspects: anode system voltage drop, electrolysis process voltage drop, and cathode group voltage drop. To achieve energy conservation and consumption reduction in the electrolytic aluminum industry, the development of new technologies and equipment in these three areas is essential. The cathode group, as a crucial component in electrolytic aluminum production, has a long replacement cycle, and its conductivity and overall quality have a significant impact on the energy consumption of electrolytic aluminum production. The cathode group voltage drop consists of three parts: cathode carbon block voltage drop, cathode conductive rod voltage drop, and contact voltage drop. The cathode conductive rod voltage drop accounts for about one-third of the cathode system voltage drop, reaching a maximum of 120 mV or higher. Furthermore, as the service life of the electrolytic cell increases, the carburization of traditional cathode steel rods gradually increases, leading to a continuous increase in cathode steel rod voltage drop. This increase in voltage drop represents a rise in energy consumption.

[0003] In today's society and enterprises, where energy conservation and emission reduction are increasingly emphasized, the design and development of new cathode conductive rods to improve their overall conductivity can effectively reduce the voltage drop of the cathode assembly in electrolytic cells, thereby reducing electricity consumption per ton of aluminum and enhancing the overall competitiveness of aluminum electrolysis enterprises. Traditionally, there are two assembly methods for cathode assemblies in the aluminum electrolysis industry: paste compaction and pig iron casting. Regardless of the method, the voltage drop is significant. In paste compaction assembly, there are voltage drops between the steel rod and the compaction paste, and between the compaction paste and the cathode carbon block. With the accumulation of production experience, pig iron casting has been adopted for cathode assembly. However, after cooling, the cast pig iron shrinks, creating gaps between it and the cathode carbon block. In pig iron casting assembly, there are voltage drops between the steel rod and the pig iron, and between the pig iron and the cathode carbon block, leading to increased power consumption in aluminum electrolysis cells. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides an assembled copper conductive rod cathode assembly for aluminum electrolysis cells and its assembly method. The cathode assembly is directly assembled from cathode conductive rods and cathode carbon blocks. The voltage drop of the cathode assembly is only the voltage drop between the cathode conductive rods and the cathode carbon blocks, which can effectively reduce the power consumption of aluminum electrolysis cell production, save energy consumption during the assembly process, and effectively reduce the operating cost of electrolysis cells.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An assembled copper conductive rod cathode assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell includes a cathode carbon block, the surface of which is machined with longitudinally arranged grooves, cathode conductive rods are arranged in the grooves, and paste is arranged between adjacent cathode conductive rods.

[0007] The cathode conductive rod includes a protective cover with an elongated hole for mounting the rod inside the cover. The conductive rod is installed inside the elongated hole, and sealing plates are provided at both ends of the protective cover to encapsulate the conductive rod inside the protective cover, thereby preventing the copper rod from being corroded and effectively extending the service life of the conductive rod.

[0008] After the cathode conductive rod is installed on the cathode carbon block, the surface of the cathode conductive rod is flush with the surface of the cathode carbon block.

[0009] The cathode conductive rod and the trench have the same cross-sectional shape, and the cross-sectional dimension of the trench is larger than that of the cathode conductive rod.

[0010] The cross-sectional shape of the cathode conductive rod and the trench is a trapezoidal cross-section or a semi-circular cross-section with a large arc.

[0011] The conductive rod is a cylindrical copper rod, which has high conductivity and low resistance.

[0012] The protective cover is a steel protective cover.

[0013] An assembly method for a prefabricated copper conductive rod cathode assembly for an aluminum electrolysis cell includes the following steps:

[0014] During the assembly of the cathode rod assembly, one cathode conductive rod is pushed into the cathode carbon block along one end of the groove, and the other cathode conductive rod is pushed into the cathode carbon block along the other end of the groove in the same way. After the four cathode conductive rods are installed, paste is added between the two cathode conductive rods in each groove and tamped down to complete the assembly between the cathode carbon block and the cathode conductive rods.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] 1) The present invention uses a direct assembly method to assemble the cathode group, which can effectively reduce the voltage drop and horizontal current of the cathode group, and can effectively reduce the operating cost of the electrolytic cell.

[0017] 2) The present invention uses copper with a steel cover as a conductive rod, which can significantly reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductive rod, reduce the width of the slot in the cathode carbon block, reduce local stress, and improve the service life of the carbon block.

[0018] 3) The present invention uses a direct assembly method to assemble the cathode group. The cathode assembly does not require an intermediate frequency furnace and a cathode group preheater, which will significantly reduce infrastructure costs and cathode assembly production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembled copper conductive rod cathode group structure for aluminum electrolysis cell according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view of the cathode conductive rod in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 AA-direction cross section;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the cathode conductive rod in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a front view of the assembled copper conductive rod cathode group structure for aluminum electrolysis cell according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a side view of the assembled copper conductive rod cathode assembly structure for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is an isometric view of the assembled copper conductive rod cathode assembly structure for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a front view of the cathode conductive rod in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 8 BB-direction cross-section;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the protective cover and sealing plate structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0029] 1-Cathode carbon block, 2-Cathode conductive rod, 3-Paste, 4-Protective cover, 5-Conductive rod, 6-Sealing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, an assembled copper conductive rod cathode assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell includes a cathode carbon block 1. The bottom surface of the cathode carbon block 1 is machined with longitudinally arranged grooves. The cathode conductive rods 2 and the grooves have the same cross-sectional shape—a semi-circular arc—and the cross-sectional dimensions of the grooves are larger than those of the cathode conductive rods 2. In this embodiment, there are two grooves, each containing two cathode conductive rods 2, with a paste 3 placed between the two cathode conductive rods 2. After the cathode conductive rods 2 are installed on the cathode carbon block 1, their surfaces are flush with the surface of the cathode carbon block 1. Specifically, the cathode conductive rod 2 in this embodiment includes a protective cover 4, which is a steel protective cover. The protective cover 4 has an elongated mounting hole for the rod body, and a conductive rod 5 is installed in the mounting hole. The conductive rod 5 is a cylindrical copper rod with high conductivity and low resistance. Sealing plates 6 are provided at both ends of the protective cover 4 to encapsulate the conductive rod 5 within the protective cover 4, preventing corrosion and effectively extending its service life.

[0032] The assembly process of a prefabricated copper conductive rod cathode assembly for an aluminum electrolysis cell is as follows:

[0033] During the assembly of the cathode conductive rod assembly, one of the cathode conductive rods 2 is pushed into the cathode carbon block 1 along one end of the groove. In the same way, the other cathode conductive rod 2 is pushed into the cathode carbon block 1 along the other end of the groove. After the four cathode conductive rods 2 are installed, paste 3 is added between the two cathode conductive rods 2 in each groove and tamped down, thus completing the assembly between the cathode carbon block 1 and the cathode conductive rods 2.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is as follows: Figures 5 to 10 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the trench and the cathode conductive rod 2 is trapezoidal, and two conductive rods 5 with different diameters are provided inside the protective cover 4. The smaller diameter conductive rod 5 is provided on the narrow side near the protective cover 4, and the larger diameter conductive rod 5 is provided on the wide side near the protective cover 4.

[0036] The solutions described in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of patent protection of this invention. All equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the scope of this invention are included in the patent scope of this case.

Claims

1. An assembled copper conductive rod cathode assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell, characterized in that: It includes a cathode carbon block, the surface of which is processed with grooves arranged in the longitudinal direction, cathode conductive rods are arranged in the grooves, and paste is arranged between adjacent cathode conductive rods. The cathode conductive rod includes a protective cover, inside which is provided an elongated hole for mounting the rod body. The conductive rod is installed in the elongated hole. Sealing plates are provided at both ends of the protective cover to encapsulate the conductive rod inside the protective cover, thereby preventing the copper rod from being corroded and effectively extending the service life of the conductive rod. The cross-sectional shape of the trench and the cathode conductive rod is trapezoidal, and two conductive rods with different diameters are provided inside the protective cover. The smaller diameter conductive rod is located on the narrow side near the protective cover, and the larger diameter conductive rod is located on the wide side near the protective cover. The protective cover is a steel protective cover.

2. The assembled copper conductive rod cathode assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive rod is a cylindrical copper rod, which has high conductivity and low resistance.

3. The assembled copper conductive rod cathode assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the cathode conductive rod is installed on the cathode carbon block, the surface of the cathode conductive rod is flush with the surface of the cathode carbon block.

4. The assembled copper conductive rod cathode assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the cathode conductive rod and the trench is a semi-circular cross-section.

5. The assembly method of a prefabricated copper conductive rod cathode assembly for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: During the assembly of the cathode rod assembly, one cathode conductive rod is pushed into the cathode carbon block along one end of the groove, and the other cathode conductive rod is pushed into the cathode carbon block along the other end of the groove in the same way. After the four cathode conductive rods are installed, paste is added between the two cathode conductive rods in each groove and tamped down to complete the assembly between the cathode carbon block and the cathode conductive rods.

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