A MEMS switch for realizing reliable firing of small-caliber artillery shell fuze and its control method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a MEMS switch and a control method thereof for realizing reliable firing of a small-caliber artillery shell fuze. The present invention comprises an upper cover plate, a first positioning pin, a first positioning countersunk hole, an upper insulating layer, a radial impact sensitive layer, a circular sleeve, an intermediate insulating layer, an axial impact sensitive layer, a lower insulating layer, a second positioning pin, a second positioning countersunk hole and a lower cover plate; the radial impact sensitive layer senses the centrifugal environmental force, and the target collision is judged by the changes of the radial impact sensitive layer and the axial impact sensitive layer, and is applicable to small or large angle collisions with hard target plates and soft targets; the present invention has a smaller volume size, leaving more size space for the design and improvement of multifunctional fuzes; it is compatible with the complex terminal trajectory working conditions of small-caliber artillery shells hitting hard or soft targets at any angle, and has reliable firing capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a small-caliber artillery shell fuze firing reliability technology, and in particular to a MEMS switch for realizing the reliable firing of a small-caliber artillery shell fuze and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The advanced fuze technology for small-caliber shells has put forward the development requirements of "three transformations", high safety and high reliability for the multifunctional fuze of small-caliber shells in the future. Among them, high reliability refers to improving the firing reliability of the fuze of small-caliber shells in service. The electromechanical fuze of small-caliber shells in service uses an inertial firing switch to sense the overload information of the target impact. However, due to the small internal space of the electromechanical fuze of small-caliber shells, the inertial firing switch based on the traditional mechanical manufacturing process has a single sensitivity to the direction of the overload impact of the target impact. As the combat environment becomes more complex and diverse, in actual combat training, there are more and more large-angle terminal ballistic conditions such as the back of the fuze hitting the ground and hitting the potholes, resulting in low comprehensive firing reliability of the electromechanical fuze of small-caliber shells in service, and outstanding reliability and safety problems with hidden dangers of unexploded shells. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) switch and a control method thereof for realizing reliable ignition of a small-caliber artillery shell fuze.

[0004] One object of the present invention is to provide a MEMS switch for realizing reliable firing of a small-caliber artillery shell fuze.

[0005] The fuze of a small-caliber artillery shell is installed at the head of the small-caliber artillery shell. A control circuit module, a chemical battery and a detonation sequence are arranged inside the fuze. The chemical battery and the detonation sequence are respectively connected to the control circuit module. The control circuit module has a control circuit board and a microprocessor. The MEMS switch of the present invention is installed on the control circuit board of the control circuit module inside the fuze. The plane where the control circuit board is located is perpendicular to the direction of the shell axis. The full trajectory of the small-caliber artillery shell after firing includes an inner trajectory, an outer trajectory and a terminal trajectory.

[0006] The MEMS switch for realizing reliable firing of a small-caliber artillery shell fuse of the present invention comprises: an upper cover plate, a first positioning pin, an upper insulating layer, a radial impact sensitive layer, a circular sleeve, an intermediate insulating layer, a first positioning countersunk hole, a second positioning countersunk hole, an axial impact sensitive layer, a lower insulating layer, a second positioning pin and a lower cover plate; wherein the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are respectively in the shape of circular flat plates; an upper insulating layer and a lower insulating layer are respectively arranged on the lower surface of the upper cover plate and the upper surface of the lower cover plate, and the upper insulating layer and the lower insulating layer are respectively in the shape of circular flat plates; a circular sleeve is arranged between the upper insulating layer and the lower insulating layer, and the circular sleeve is in the shape of a cylinder without an upper bottom and a lower bottom and is hollow inside; the outer edges of the upper cover plate, the upper insulating layer, the circular sleeve, the lower insulating layer and the lower cover plate are consistent, the upper insulating layer insulates the upper cover plate from the circular sleeve, and the lower insulating layer insulates the circular sleeve from the lower cover plate;

[0007] A radial impact sensitive layer, an intermediate insulating layer and an axial impact sensitive layer are arranged from top to bottom in the circular sleeve and between the upper insulating layer and the lower insulating layer; a first positioning countersunk hole and a second positioning countersunk hole are respectively opened on the upper surface and the lower surface of the intermediate insulating layer, and the first positioning countersunk hole and the second positioning countersunk hole are not connected to each other and are insulated from each other; corresponding to the first positioning countersunk hole of the intermediate insulating layer, first positioning holes are respectively opened on the upper insulating layer and the radial impact sensitive layer, and a first positioning pin connected to the upper cover plate as a whole is arranged on the lower surface of the upper cover plate, and the shape of the first positioning pin is complementary to the shape of the first positioning hole and the first positioning countersunk hole, and the first positioning pin cooperates with the first positioning holes of the upper insulating layer and the radial impact sensitive layer and the first positioning countersunk hole of the intermediate insulating layer, so that The upper cover plate, the upper insulating layer and the radial impact sensitive layer are positioned and assembled with the middle insulating layer, and the upper cover plate is electrically interconnected with the radial impact sensitive layer through the first positioning pin; corresponding to the second positioning countersunk hole of the middle insulating layer, second positioning holes are respectively opened on the axial impact sensitive layer and the lower insulating layer, and a second positioning pin connected to them as a whole is provided on the upper surface of the lower cover plate, and the shape of the second positioning pin is complementary to the shape of the second positioning hole and the second positioning countersunk hole, and the second positioning pin cooperates with the second positioning hole of the lower insulating layer and the axial impact sensitive layer and the second positioning countersunk hole of the middle insulating layer, so that the lower cover plate, the lower insulating layer and the axial impact sensitive layer are positioned and assembled with the middle insulating layer, and the lower cover plate is electrically interconnected with the axial impact sensitive layer through the second positioning pin;

[0008] The radial impact sensitive layer comprises a radial base, a first cantilever beam and a mass block; the radial base is a regular polygon, and a first positioning hole is provided on the radial base at a position corresponding to the first positioning countersunk hole of the intermediate insulating layer; a first cantilever beam connected to the radial base as a whole is provided along a tangent direction on each side of the radial base, and a first mass block connected to the radial base as a whole is provided at the end of each first cantilever beam; before the small-caliber shell is fired, there is a distance between the first mass block and the inner wall of the circular sleeve;

[0009] The axial impact sensitive layer includes an axial substrate and a second cantilever beam; the axial substrate is circular, and a second positioning hole is provided on the axial substrate at a position corresponding to the second positioning countersunk hole of the intermediate insulating layer; corresponding to each mass block of the radial impact sensitive layer, a plurality of radial grooves of the sensitive layer symmetrical about the center are provided on the axial substrate in the radial direction, and the edges of the radial grooves of the sensitive layer penetrate the outer edge of the axial substrate; a second radial cantilever beam connected to the axial substrate as a whole is provided in each radial groove, and the horizontal projection of the mass block of the radial impact sensitive layer after contacting the inner wall of the circular sleeve under the action of centrifugal force covers the end of the corresponding second cantilever beam, and there is a distance between the end of the second cantilever beam and the inner wall of the circular sleeve; before the small-caliber shell is fired, the second cantilever beam and the axial substrate are located in the same plane;

[0010] An insulating layer radial groove is provided on the middle insulating layer at a position corresponding to the second cantilever beam of the axial base, and the width of the insulating layer radial groove is greater than the width of the second cantilever beam;

[0011] The upper cover plate, the first positioning pin, the radial impact sensitive layer, the circular sleeve, the axial impact sensitive layer, the second positioning pin and the lower cover plate are made of conductive metal; the upper insulating layer, the middle insulating layer and the lower insulating layer are made of insulating material;

[0012] The upper cover is connected to the logic voltage of the control circuit module through a pull-up resistor, the lower cover is connected to the logic ground of the control circuit module, the circular sleeve is grounded through a pull-down resistor, and the circular sleeve is connected to the input interface of the microprocessor.

[0013] The upper cover plate, the first positioning pin, the radial impact sensitive layer, the circular sleeve, the axial impact sensitive layer, the second positioning pin and the lower cover plate are made of gold-plated brass or nickel; the upper insulating layer, the middle insulating layer and the lower insulating layer are made of polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate or polyphenylene sulfide.

[0014] The diameter and thickness of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are not greater than φ1.5×0.2mm; the thickness of the radial impact sensitive layer and the axial impact sensitive layer is 20-150μm; the inner diameter and height of the circular sleeve are not greater than φ1.3×0.4mm; the thickness of the upper insulating layer, the middle insulating layer and the lower insulating layer is 0.1-0.3mm. Before the small-caliber shell is fired, there is a distance between the first mass block and the inner wall of the circular sleeve, the distance is 50-200μm. The width of the second cantilever beam is 20-50μm. The length of the first and second cantilever beams is 200-300μm.

[0015] The high level of the logic voltage is 3.3~5V; the resistance value of the pull-up resistor and the pull-down resistor is 1K~10KΩ.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide a control method for a MEMS switch that enables reliable firing of a small-caliber artillery shell fuze.

[0017] The control method of the MEMS switch for realizing reliable firing of a small-caliber artillery shell fuse of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0018] 1) Before the small-caliber shell is fired, the upper cover is connected to the logic voltage through a pull-up resistor, the lower cover is connected to the logic ground, the circular sleeve is grounded through a pull-down resistor, and the circular sleeve is connected to the input interface of the microprocessor;

[0019] 2) A small-caliber shell is fired and enters the internal ballistics. The internal ballistic environment has centrifugal environmental forces and recoil forces. The chemical battery is activated under the action of the recoil force, and the control circuit module is powered on. The logic voltage of the control circuit module applies a high level to the radial impact sensitive layer through the upper cover plate, and the axial impact sensitive layer is grounded through the lower cover plate. The radial impact sensitive layer is affected by the centrifugal environmental force, and the first cantilever beam elastically deforms so that the mass block contacts the inner wall of the circular sleeve, so that the circular sleeve and the upper cover plate are electrically interconnected and become a high level. The second cantilever beam of the axial impact sensitive layer is located in the radial direction and does not respond to the centrifugal environmental force and is restricted by the lower insulating layer and does not respond to the recoil force.

[0020] 3) When a small-caliber shell enters the outer trajectory, the microprocessor determines that the flight distance has reached the muzzle safety distance, and the fuze is in the ready state; the microprocessor detects the level of the input interface. If the input interface is high, it indicates that the MEMS switch is in a normal state; if the input interface is low, it indicates that the MEMS switch is abnormal, and the microprocessor does not respond to the level change of the input interface subsequently;

[0021] 4) When a small-caliber shell enters the final trajectory and finally hits the target, there are three situations in which it hits the target:

[0022] a) When a small-caliber shell hits a hard target plate at a small angle (0° to 70°), the fuze has a large forward impact overload of more than 30,000 g. The second cantilever beam of the axial impact sensitive layer responds to the impact and bends and deforms toward the radial sensitive layer, so that the end of the second cantilever beam contacts the mass block of the corresponding radial impact sensitive layer. Since the mass block contacts the circular sleeve, the upper cover plate, the circular sleeve and the lower cover plate are electrically interconnected, the level of the input interface is pulled down, and the microprocessor of the fuze detects the "high-low" change in level and outputs a detonation signal;

[0023] b) When a small-caliber shell hits a hard target at a large angle (70° to 90°), the fuze has a large radial impact overload of more than 10,000g. The mass block of the radial impact sensitive layer responds to the impact. When the radial impact overload is inconsistent with the direction of the centrifugal environmental force, the mass block undergoes inertial displacement, and the mass block and the circular sleeve become out of contact, that is, the upper cover plate and the circular sleeve are disconnected from the electrical interconnection, the level of the input interface is pulled down, and the microprocessor of the fuze detects the level "high-low".

[0024] Change, output detonation signal;

[0025] c) When a small-caliber shell hits a soft target, both the forward impact overload and the radial impact overload are weak, that is, the forward impact overload is less than 30,000g and the radial impact overload is less than 10,000g. Neither the radial impact sensitive layer nor the axial impact sensitive layer can immediately respond to the target impact inertial environment. However, as the rotation speed of the shell decreases, the elastic deformation of the first cantilever beam of the radial impact sensitive layer is restored, and the mass block and the circular sleeve become out of contact, so that the upper cover plate and the circular sleeve are disconnected from the electrical interconnection, the level of the input interface is pulled down, and the microprocessor of the fuze detects the "high-low" change in level and outputs a detonation signal;

[0026] 5) The microprocessor outputs the detonation signal to the detonation sequence, and the small-caliber shell is detonated.

[0027] Advantages of the present invention:

[0028] The present invention has a smaller volume size, leaving more space for the design and improvement of the multifunctional fuze; it is compatible with the complex terminal trajectory conditions of small-caliber shells hitting hard / soft targets at any angle, and has a reliable firing capability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 An exploded view of an embodiment of a MEMS switch for realizing reliable firing of a small-caliber artillery shell fuze according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an overall assembly model of an embodiment of a MEMS switch for realizing reliable firing of a small-caliber artillery shell fuze according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the radial impact sensitive layer and the axial impact sensitive layer of an embodiment of the MEMS switch for realizing reliable firing of a small-caliber artillery shell fuze of the present invention, wherein (a) is the radial impact sensitive layer, and (b) is the axial impact sensitive layer;

[0032] Figure 4 The electrical connection block diagram of an embodiment of the MEMS switch for realizing reliable firing of a small-caliber artillery shell fuze of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The fuze of a small-caliber artillery shell is installed on the head of the small-caliber artillery shell, the MEMS switch is installed on a control circuit board inside the fuze, the plane where the control circuit board is located is perpendicular to the direction of the shell axis, a control circuit module, a chemical battery and a detonation sequence are arranged inside the fuze, the chemical battery and the detonation sequence are respectively connected to the control circuit module, and the control circuit module has a control circuit board and a microprocessor; the MEMS switch of the present invention is installed on the control circuit board of the control circuit module inside the fuze, and the plane where the control circuit board is located is perpendicular to the direction of the shell axis; the full trajectory of the small-caliber artillery shell after firing includes an inner trajectory, an outer trajectory and a terminal trajectory.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the MEMS switch for realizing reliable firing of a small-caliber artillery shell fuse in this embodiment comprises: an upper cover plate 1, a first positioning pin 11, an upper insulating layer 2, a radial impact sensitive layer 3, a circular sleeve 4, an intermediate insulating layer 5, a first positioning countersunk hole 51, a second positioning countersunk hole 52, an axial impact sensitive layer 6, a lower insulating layer 7, a second positioning pin 82 and a lower cover plate 8; wherein the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 8 are respectively in the shape of circular flat plates; on the lower surface of the upper cover plate 1 and the upper surface of the lower cover plate 8 An upper insulating layer 2 and a lower insulating layer 7 are respectively arranged on the surface, and the upper insulating layer 2 and the lower insulating layer 7 are respectively circular flat plates; a circular sleeve 4 is arranged between the upper insulating layer 2 and the lower insulating layer 7, and the circular sleeve 4 is a hollow cylinder without an upper bottom and a lower bottom; the outer edges of the upper cover plate 1, the upper insulating layer 2, the circular sleeve 4, the lower insulating layer 7 and the lower cover plate 8 are consistent, the upper insulating layer 2 insulates the upper cover plate 1 from the circular sleeve 4, and the lower insulating layer 7 insulates the circular sleeve 4 from the lower cover plate 8;

[0036] A radial impact sensitive layer 3, an intermediate insulating layer 5 and an axial impact sensitive layer 6 are arranged from top to bottom in the circular sleeve 4 and between the upper insulating layer 2 and the lower insulating layer 7; a first positioning countersunk hole 51 and a second positioning countersunk hole 52 are respectively opened on the upper surface and the lower surface of the intermediate insulating layer 5, and the first positioning countersunk hole 51 and the second positioning countersunk hole 52 are not connected to each other and are insulated from each other; corresponding to the first positioning countersunk hole 51 of the intermediate insulating layer 5, first positioning holes are respectively opened on the upper insulating layer 2 and the radial impact sensitive layer 3, and a first positioning pin 11 connected to the upper cover plate 1 as a whole is arranged on the lower surface of the upper cover plate 1, and the shape of the first positioning pin 11 is complementary to the shape of the first positioning hole and the first positioning countersunk hole 51, and the first positioning pin 11 cooperates with the first positioning holes of the upper insulating layer 2 and the radial impact sensitive layer 3 and the first positioning countersunk hole 51 of the intermediate insulating layer 5, so that The upper cover plate 1, the upper insulating layer 2 and the radial impact sensitive layer 3 are positioned and assembled with the intermediate insulating layer 5, and the upper cover plate 1 is electrically interconnected with the radial impact sensitive layer 3 through the first positioning pin 11; corresponding to the second positioning countersunk hole 52 of the intermediate insulating layer 5, second positioning holes are respectively opened on the axial impact sensitive layer 6 and the lower insulating layer 7, and a second positioning pin 82 connected to the lower cover plate 8 is provided on the upper surface of the lower cover plate 8 as a whole, and the shape of the second positioning pin 82 is complementary to the shape of the second positioning hole and the second positioning countersunk hole 52, and the second positioning pin 82 cooperates with the second positioning hole of the lower insulating layer 7 and the axial impact sensitive layer 6 and the second positioning countersunk hole 52 of the intermediate insulating layer 5, so that the lower cover plate 8, the lower insulating layer 7 and the axial impact sensitive layer 6 are positioned and assembled with the intermediate insulating layer 5, and the lower cover plate 8 is electrically interconnected with the axial impact sensitive layer 6 through the second positioning pin 82;

[0037] The radial impact sensitive layer 3 includes a radial base 31, a first cantilever beam 32 and a mass block 33; the radial base is square, and a first positioning hole is provided on the radial base at a position corresponding to the first positioning countersunk hole 51 of the intermediate insulating layer 5; a first cantilever beam connected to the radial base as a whole along a tangential direction is provided on each side of the radial base, and a first mass block is provided at the end of each first cantilever beam, that is, a total of four first cantilever beams and four mass blocks; before the small-caliber shell is fired, there is a distance between the first mass block and the inner wall of the circular sleeve 4;

[0038] The axial impact sensitive layer 6 includes an axial base 61 and a second cantilever beam 62; the axial base is a circular radial impact sensitive layer 3, and a second positioning hole is provided on the axial base at a position corresponding to the second positioning counterbore 52 of the intermediate insulating layer 5; corresponding to each mass block of the radial impact sensitive layer 3, a plurality of radial grooves of the sensitive layer symmetrical about the center are provided on the axial base in the radial direction, and the edges of the radial grooves of the sensitive layer are connected to the outer edge of the axial base; a second radial cantilever beam connected to the axial base as a whole is provided in each radial groove, that is, a total of four second cantilever beams, and the angle between two adjacent cantilever beams is 90°, and the horizontal projection of the mass block of the radial impact sensitive layer 3 after contacting the inner wall of the circular sleeve 4 under the action of centrifugal force covers the end of the corresponding second cantilever beam, and there is a distance between the end of the second cantilever beam and the inner wall of the circular sleeve 4; before the small-caliber shell is fired, the second cantilever beam and the axial base are located in the same plane;

[0039] An insulating layer radial groove is provided on the intermediate insulating layer 5 at a position corresponding to the second cantilever beam of the axial base, and the width of the insulating layer radial groove is greater than the width of the second cantilever beam;

[0040] The upper cover plate 1 is connected to the logic voltage through a pull-up resistor, the lower cover plate 8 is connected to the logic ground, the circular sleeve 4 is grounded through a pull-down resistor, and the circular sleeve 4 is connected to the input interface of the microprocessor;

[0041] The upper cover plate 1, the first positioning pin 11, the radial impact sensitive layer 3, the circular sleeve 4, the axial impact sensitive layer 6, the second positioning pin 82 and the lower cover plate 8 are made of brass plated with gold or nickel; the upper insulating layer 2, the middle insulating layer 5 and the lower insulating layer 7 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate or polyphenylene sulfide.

[0042] In this embodiment, the diameter and thickness of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 8 are φ1.5×0.2mm; the thickness of the radial impact sensitive layer 3 and the axial impact sensitive layer 6 is 100μm; the inner diameter and height of the circular sleeve 4 are φ1.3×0.4mm; the thickness of the upper insulating layer 2, the middle insulating layer 5 and the lower insulating layer 7 is 0.1mm. Before the small-caliber shell is fired, there is a distance between the first mass block and the inner wall of the circular sleeve 4, and the distance range is 100μm.

[0043] The control method of the MEMS switch of the present embodiment for realizing reliable firing of the fuze of a small-caliber artillery shell comprises the following steps:

[0044] 1) Before the small-caliber shell is fired, the upper cover plate 1 is connected to the logic voltage through a pull-up resistor, the lower cover plate 8 is connected to the logic ground, the circular sleeve 4 is grounded through a pull-down resistor, and the circular sleeve 4 is connected to the input interface of the microprocessor;

[0045] 2) A small-caliber shell is fired and enters the internal ballistics. The internal ballistic environment has centrifugal environmental forces and recoil forces. The chemical battery is activated by breaking the bottle under the action of the recoil force, and the control circuit module is powered on. The logic voltage of the control circuit module applies a high level of 3.3V to the radial impact sensitive layer 3 through the upper cover plate 1, and the axial impact sensitive layer 6 is grounded through the lower cover plate 8; the radial impact sensitive layer 3 is affected by the centrifugal environmental force, and the first cantilever beam elastically deforms so that the mass block contacts the inner wall of the circular sleeve 4, so that the circular sleeve 4 and the upper cover plate 1 are electrically interconnected and become a high level; the second cantilever beam of the axial impact sensitive layer 6 is located in the radial direction and does not respond to the centrifugal environmental force and is restricted by the lower insulating layer 7 and does not respond to the recoil force;

[0046] 3) When a small-caliber shell enters the outer trajectory, the microprocessor determines that the flight distance has reached the muzzle safety distance according to the set program control time, and the fuze is in the ready state; the microprocessor detects the level of the input interface. If the input interface is high, it indicates that the MEMS switch is in a normal state; if the input interface is low, it indicates that the MEMS switch is abnormal, and the microprocessor does not respond to the level change of the input interface subsequently;

[0047] 4) When a small-caliber shell enters the final trajectory and finally hits the target, there are three situations in which it hits the target:

[0048] a) When a small-caliber shell hits a hard target plate at a small angle (0° to 70°), the fuze has a large forward impact overload of more than 30,000 g. The second cantilever beam of the axial impact sensitive layer 6 responds to the impact and bends and deforms toward the radial sensitive layer, so that the end of the second cantilever beam contacts the mass block of the corresponding radial impact sensitive layer 3. Since the mass block contacts the circular sleeve 4, the upper cover plate 1, the circular sleeve 4 and the lower cover plate 8 are electrically interconnected, the level of the input interface is pulled down, and the microprocessor of the fuze detects the "high-low" change of the level and outputs a detonation signal;

[0049] b) When a small-caliber shell hits a hard target plate at a large angle (70° to 90°), the fuze has a large radial impact overload of more than 10,000 g, and the mass block of the radial impact sensitive layer 3 responds to the impact. When the radial impact overload is inconsistent with the direction of the centrifugal environmental force, the mass block undergoes inertial displacement, and the mass block and the circular sleeve 4 become out of contact, that is, the upper cover plate 1 and the circular sleeve 4 are disconnected from the electrical interconnection, the level of the input interface is pulled down, and the microprocessor of the fuze detects the "high-low" change in level and outputs a detonation signal;

[0050] c) When a small-caliber shell hits a soft target, the forward impact overload and the radial impact overload are both weak, that is, the forward impact overload is less than 30,000g and the radial impact overload is less than 10,000g. Neither the radial impact sensitive layer 3 nor the axial impact sensitive layer 6 can immediately respond to the target impact inertial environment. However, as the rotation speed of the shell decreases, the elastic deformation of the first cantilever beam of the radial impact sensitive layer 3 is restored, and the mass block and the circular sleeve 4 become out of contact, so that the upper cover plate 1 and the circular sleeve 4 are disconnected from the electrical interconnection, the level of the input interface is pulled down, and the microprocessor of the fuze detects the "high-low" change of the level and outputs a detonation signal;

[0051] 5) The microprocessor outputs the detonation signal to the detonation sequence, and the small-caliber shell is detonated.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the purpose of publishing the embodiments is to help further understand the present invention, but those skilled in the art can understand that various substitutions and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments, and the scope of protection claimed by the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A MEMS switch for realizing reliable firing of a fuze of a small-caliber artillery shell, wherein the fuze of the small-caliber artillery shell is installed at the head of the small-caliber artillery shell, and a control circuit module, a chemical battery and a detonation sequence are arranged inside the fuze, and the chemical battery and the detonation sequence are respectively connected to the control circuit module, and the control circuit module has a control circuit board and a microprocessor; the MEMS switch is installed on the control circuit board of the control circuit module inside the fuze, and the plane where the control circuit board is located is perpendicular to the direction of the shell axis; the full ballistics of the small-caliber artillery shell after firing includes an inner ballistics, an outer ballistics and a terminal ballistics, and is characterized in that: The MEMS switch comprises: an upper cover plate, a first positioning pin, an upper insulating layer, a radial impact sensitive layer, a circular sleeve, an intermediate insulating layer, a first positioning countersunk hole, a second positioning countersunk hole, an axial impact sensitive layer, a lower insulating layer, a second positioning pin and a lower cover plate; wherein the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are respectively in the shape of circular flat plates; an upper insulating layer and a lower insulating layer are respectively arranged on the lower surface of the upper cover plate and the upper surface of the lower cover plate, and the upper insulating layer and the lower insulating layer are respectively in the shape of circular flat plates; a circular sleeve is arranged between the upper insulating layer and the lower insulating layer, and the circular sleeve is in the shape of a cylinder without an upper bottom and a lower bottom and is hollow inside; the outer edges of the upper cover plate, the upper insulating layer, the circular sleeve, the lower insulating layer and the lower cover plate are consistent, the upper insulating layer insulates the upper cover plate from the circular sleeve, and the lower insulating layer insulates the circular sleeve from the lower cover plate; A radial impact sensitive layer, an intermediate insulating layer and an axial impact sensitive layer are arranged from top to bottom in the circular sleeve and between the upper insulating layer and the lower insulating layer; a first positioning countersunk hole and a second positioning countersunk hole are respectively opened on the upper surface and the lower surface of the intermediate insulating layer, and the first positioning countersunk hole and the second positioning countersunk hole are not connected to each other and are insulated from each other; corresponding to the first positioning countersunk hole of the intermediate insulating layer, first positioning holes are respectively opened on the upper insulating layer and the radial impact sensitive layer, and a first positioning pin connected to the upper cover plate as a whole is arranged on the lower surface of the upper cover plate, and the shape of the first positioning pin is complementary to the shape of the first positioning hole and the first positioning countersunk hole, and the first positioning pin cooperates with the first positioning holes of the upper insulating layer and the radial impact sensitive layer and the first positioning countersunk hole of the intermediate insulating layer, so that The upper cover plate, the upper insulating layer and the radial impact sensitive layer are positioned and assembled with the middle insulating layer, and the upper cover plate is electrically interconnected with the radial impact sensitive layer through the first positioning pin; corresponding to the second positioning countersunk hole of the middle insulating layer, second positioning holes are respectively opened on the axial impact sensitive layer and the lower insulating layer, and a second positioning pin connected to them as a whole is provided on the upper surface of the lower cover plate, and the shape of the second positioning pin is complementary to the shape of the second positioning hole and the second positioning countersunk hole, and the second positioning pin cooperates with the second positioning hole of the lower insulating layer and the axial impact sensitive layer and the second positioning countersunk hole of the middle insulating layer, so that the lower cover plate, the lower insulating layer and the axial impact sensitive layer are positioned and assembled with the middle insulating layer, and the lower cover plate is electrically interconnected with the axial impact sensitive layer through the second positioning pin; The radial impact sensitive layer comprises a radial base, a first cantilever beam and a mass block; the radial base is a regular polygon, and a first positioning hole is provided on the radial base at a position corresponding to the first positioning countersunk hole of the intermediate insulating layer; a first cantilever beam connected to the radial base as a whole is provided along a tangent direction on each side of the radial base, and a first mass block connected to the radial base as a whole is provided at the end of each first cantilever beam; before the small-caliber shell is fired, there is a distance between the first mass block and the inner wall of the circular sleeve; The axial impact sensitive layer includes an axial substrate and a second cantilever beam; the axial substrate is circular, and a second positioning hole is provided on the axial substrate at a position corresponding to the second positioning countersunk hole of the intermediate insulating layer; corresponding to each mass block of the radial impact sensitive layer, a plurality of radial grooves of the sensitive layer symmetrical about the center are provided on the axial substrate in the radial direction, and the edges of the radial grooves of the sensitive layer penetrate the outer edge of the axial substrate; a second radial cantilever beam connected to the axial substrate as a whole is provided in each radial groove, and the horizontal projection of the mass block of the radial impact sensitive layer after contacting the inner wall of the circular sleeve under the action of centrifugal force covers the end of the corresponding second cantilever beam, and there is a distance between the end of the second cantilever beam and the inner wall of the circular sleeve; before the small-caliber shell is fired, the second cantilever beam and the axial substrate are located in the same plane; An insulating layer radial groove is provided on the middle insulating layer at a position corresponding to the second cantilever beam of the axial base, and the width of the insulating layer radial groove is greater than the width of the second cantilever beam; The upper cover plate, the first positioning pin, the radial impact sensitive layer, the circular sleeve, the axial impact sensitive layer, the second positioning pin and the lower cover plate are made of conductive metal; the upper insulating layer, the middle insulating layer and the lower insulating layer are made of insulating material; The upper cover is connected to the logic voltage of the control circuit module through a pull-up resistor, the lower cover is connected to the logic ground of the control circuit module, the circular sleeve is grounded through a pull-down resistor, and the circular sleeve is connected to the input interface of the microprocessor.

2. The MEMS switch according to claim 1, wherein: The upper cover plate, the first positioning pin, the radial impact sensitive layer, the circular sleeve, the axial impact sensitive layer, the second positioning pin and the lower cover plate are made of brass plated with gold or nickel.

3. The MEMS switch according to claim 1, wherein: The upper insulating layer, the middle insulating layer and the lower insulating layer are made of polytetrafluoroethylene, polycarbonate or polyphenylene sulfide.

4. The MEMS switch according to claim 1, wherein: The diameter and thickness of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are not greater than 5. The MEMS switch according to claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the radial impact sensitive layer and the axial impact sensitive layer is 20-150 μm.

6. The MEMS switch according to claim 1, wherein: The inner diameter and height of the circular sleeve are not greater than 7. The MEMS switch according to claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the upper insulating layer, the middle insulating layer and the lower insulating layer is 0.1-0.3 mm.

8. The MEMS switch according to claim 1, wherein: The width of the second cantilever beam is 20-50 μm.

9. A control method for a MEMS switch for achieving reliable firing of a small-caliber artillery shell fuse as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The control method comprises the following steps: 1) Before launching a small-caliber artillery shell, the upper cover is connected to the logic voltage through a pull-up resistor, and the lower cover is connected to the logic ground. The circular sleeve is grounded through a pull-down resistor, and the circular sleeve is connected to an input interface of a microprocessor; 2) A small-caliber shell is fired and enters the internal ballistics. The internal ballistic environment has centrifugal environmental forces and recoil forces. The chemical battery is activated under the action of the recoil force, and the control circuit module is powered on. The logic voltage of the control circuit module applies a high level to the radial impact sensitive layer through the upper cover plate, and the axial impact sensitive layer is grounded through the lower cover plate. The radial impact sensitive layer is affected by the centrifugal environmental force, and the first cantilever beam elastically deforms so that the mass block contacts the inner wall of the circular sleeve, so that the circular sleeve and the upper cover plate are electrically interconnected and become a high level. The second cantilever beam of the axial impact sensitive layer is located in the radial direction and does not respond to the centrifugal environmental force and is restricted by the lower insulating layer and does not respond to the recoil force. 3) When a small-caliber shell enters the outer trajectory, the microprocessor determines that the flight distance has reached the muzzle safety distance, and the fuze is in the ready state; the microprocessor detects the level of the input interface. If the input interface is high, it indicates that the MEMS switch is in a normal state; if the input interface is low, it indicates that the MEMS switch is abnormal, and the microprocessor does not respond to the level change of the input interface subsequently; 4) When a small-caliber shell enters the final trajectory and finally hits the target, there are three situations in which it hits the target: a) When a small-caliber shell hits a hard target plate at a small angle, the fuze has a large forward impact overload. The second cantilever beam of the axial impact sensitive layer responds to the impact and bends and deforms in the direction of the radial sensitive layer, so that the end of the second cantilever beam contacts the mass block of the corresponding radial impact sensitive layer. Since the mass block contacts the circular sleeve, the upper cover plate, the circular sleeve and the lower cover plate are electrically interconnected, the level of the input interface is pulled down, and the microprocessor of the fuze detects the "high-low" change of the level and outputs a detonation signal; b) When a small-caliber shell hits a hard target plate at a large angle, the fuze has a large radial impact overload, and the mass block of the radial impact sensitive layer responds to the impact. When the radial impact overload is inconsistent with the direction of the centrifugal environmental force, the mass block undergoes inertial displacement, and the mass block and the circular sleeve become out of contact, that is, the upper cover plate and the circular sleeve are disconnected from the electrical interconnection, the level of the input interface is pulled down, and the microprocessor of the fuze detects the "high-low" change in level and outputs a detonation signal; c) When a small-caliber shell hits a soft target, the forward impact overload and radial impact overload are both weak, and the radial impact sensitive layer and the axial impact sensitive layer cannot immediately respond to the target impact inertial environment. However, as the rotation speed of the shell decreases, the elastic deformation of the first cantilever beam of the radial impact sensitive layer is restored, and the mass block and the circular sleeve become out of contact, so that the upper cover plate and the circular sleeve are disconnected from the electrical interconnection, the level of the input interface is pulled down, and the microprocessor of the fuze detects the "high-low" change of the level and outputs a detonation signal; 5) The microprocessor outputs the detonation signal to the detonation sequence, and the small-caliber shell is detonated.

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