A method for single-sided welding and double-sided forming of a spherical flat single plate

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of ball flat single-sided welding double-sided forming welding method, it includes the following steps: using Ma Ban to fix the ball head of two ball flat steels, and the ball back spot welding of two ball flat steels is fixed on ship plate;Using gasket to be fixed on the inner side or outer side of two ball flat steels, and make gasket cover the butt joint weld between two ball flat steels;Welding is carried out on the weld of the side of two ball flat steels away from gasket, complete the welding work between two ball flat steels.Gasket is used to realize single-sided welding, double-sided forming of weld, finally complete the weld work between ball flat steel, the welding method is improved, not only improve the welding quality between ball flat steel, shorten the welding cycle of ball flat steel, also save the labor cost, greatly improve construction efficiency;Improve the mode of traditional one-sided welding, the other side root cleaning welding, welding process is relatively cumbersome, and the welding quality is difficult to control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, and in particular to a method for welding single-sided flat steel to form double-sided shapes. Background Technology

[0002] In the current shipbuilding industry, bulb flat steel is widely used in ship plate frames. In production, bulb flat steel is often butt welded. Since the thickness difference between the bulb head and the bulb back of the bulb flat steel is about three times, and the thickest part is at the corner of the bulb head and the bulb back, it brings great difficulty to manual welding operators, and the welding quality is difficult to guarantee.

[0003] In related technologies, the welding of bulb flat steel adopts a method of welding on one side and cleaning the root on the other side. This method has a complicated welding process and the welding quality is difficult to control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a single-sided welding method for forming double-sided bulb flat steel, which solves the problem that the welding process is cumbersome and the welding quality is difficult to control in related technologies that use one-sided welding and the other-sided root cleaning welding.

[0005] This invention provides a method for single-sided welding and double-sided forming of bulb flat steel, which includes the following steps:

[0006] The ball heads of the two ball flats are fixed by a plate, and the ball backs of the two ball flats are spot welded to the ship plate.

[0007] A gasket is used to fix the two ball flats to the inside or outside, and the gasket covers the weld between the two ball flats.

[0008] Weld the two bulb flats on the side facing away from the backing to complete the welding between the two bulb flats.

[0009] In some embodiments, the welding of the weld seam on the side of the two bulb flats facing away from the backing, to complete the welding work between the two bulb flats, includes the following steps:

[0010] When the weld seam on the back of the ball extends horizontally, it starts from one end of the ball flat steel and is welded to the corner of the ball head and the back of the ball, and starts from the other end of the ball flat steel and is welded to the corner of the ball head and the back of the ball, thus completing the welding work of the ball flat steel.

[0011] In some embodiments, the welding of the bulb flat steel, starting from one end and welding to the corner of the bulb head and back, and then starting from the other end and welding to the corner of the bulb head and back, to complete the welding work of the bulb flat steel, includes:

[0012] Starting from the end of the ball head away from the back of the ball, weld to the corner where the ball head and the back of the ball meet and stop the arc. Then, starting from the connection between the ship plate and the back of the ball, weld to the corner and stop the arc to complete the bottom layer welding of the ball flat steel.

[0013] The process involves repeatedly starting from the end of the ball head furthest from the back of the ball and welding until the corner between the ball head and the back of the ball is reached and the arc stops, until the filler layer of the ball head is completed.

[0014] The welding process involved starting from the connection between the ship plate and the ball back, welding until the corner was reached and the arc was stopped, until the filling layer of the ball back was completed, and finally the outer bevel of the ball flat steel was completed.

[0015] In some embodiments, the welding of the bulb flat steel, starting from one end and welding to the corner of the bulb head and back, and then starting from the other end and welding to the corner of the bulb head and back, to complete the welding work of the bulb flat steel, includes:

[0016] Starting from the connection between the ship plate and the ball back, weld all the way to the end of the ball head to complete the bottom layer welding of the ball flat steel;

[0017] The welding process begins multiple times at the junction of the boat plate and the ball back, continuing until the corner of the ball head and the ball back is reached and the arc stops, until the filling layer of the ball back is completed.

[0018] The welding process involves starting from the end of the ball head multiple times on the bottom layer, welding until the corner is reached and the arc is stopped, completing the filling layer welding of the ball head, and finally completing the horizontal welding of the outer bevel of the ball flat steel.

[0019] In some embodiments, the step of welding the ball flat steel from the connection between the ship plate and the ball back to the end of the ball head to complete the root pass welding includes:

[0020] If the width of the weld is less than the preset threshold, the up-and-down swing trajectory welding is used to complete the welding of the ball back and ball head of the bottom layer.

[0021] If the width of the weld is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, welding is performed at an angle away from the swing trajectory of the ship plate to complete the welding of the ball back and ball head of the bottom layer.

[0022] In some embodiments, the welding of the weld seam on the side of the two bulb flats facing away from the backing, to complete the welding work between the two bulb flats, includes the following steps:

[0023] When the weld seam on the back of the ball extends vertically, it starts from one end of the ball flat steel and welds to the other end of the ball flat steel to complete the welding work of the ball flat steel.

[0024] In some embodiments, the welding process, starting from one end of the bulb flat steel and welding to the other end to complete the welding of the bulb flat steel, includes:

[0025] Starting from the connection between the ship plate and the ball back, weld to the end of the ball head to complete the bottom layer welding of the ball flat steel;

[0026] The welding process begins multiple times at the junction of the boat plate and the ball back, extending to the end of the ball head, until the filling layer of the ball back is completed.

[0027] Welding was performed multiple times, starting from the corners of the ball head and back, up to the end of the ball head, until the filler layer of the ball head was completed, and finally the outer bevel of the ball flat steel was welded vertically.

[0028] In some embodiments, the step of welding the ball flat steel from the joint between the ship plate and the ball back to the end of the ball head to complete the root pass welding includes:

[0029] The bottom layer of welding for the ball back is completed by using arc-extinguished welding, starting from the connection between the ship plate and the ball back and welding to the corner.

[0030] Using continuous arc welding, starting from the corner and welding to the end of the ball head, the bottom layer of the ball head is completed.

[0031] In some embodiments, the welding process, starting from one end of the bulb flat steel and welding to the other end to complete the welding of the bulb flat steel, includes:

[0032] Starting from the end of the ball head, weld to the connection between the ball back and the ship plate to complete the bottom layer welding of the ball flat steel;

[0033] The process involves welding multiple times from the end of the ball head to the connection between the ball back and the boat plate, until the filling layer of the ball back is completed.

[0034] Welding was performed multiple times, starting from the end of the ball head and continuing to the corner between the ball head and the back of the ball, until the filler layer of the ball head was completed, and finally the inner bevel vertical welding of the ball flat steel was completed.

[0035] In some embodiments, the arc voltage during welding of the ball head to the bottom layer is greater than the arc voltage during welding of the ball back to the bottom layer.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this invention include: using a backing to achieve single-sided welding and double-sided forming of the weld seam, and finally completing the weld seam work between the bulb flat steels, which improves the welding method, not only improving the welding quality between the bulb flat steels and shortening the welding cycle of the bulb flat steels, but also saving labor costs and greatly improving construction efficiency; it also improves the traditional method of welding on one side and cleaning the root on the other side, which has a cumbersome welding process and makes it difficult to control the welding quality. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating the single-sided welding and double-sided forming method for bulb flat steel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of the bulb flat steel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A top view of the two flat steel balls with outer bevels;

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the two flat steel balls with inner bevels, viewed from below.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the outer bevel flat welding structure of the bulb flat steel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the outer bevel horizontal welding structure of the bulb flat steel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external bevel vertical welding structure of the bulb flat steel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the inner bevel vertical welding structure of the spherical flat steel provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] In the diagram: 1. Ball flat steel; 11. Ball head; 12. Ball back; 2. Ship plate; 3. Gasket; 4. Weld. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] This invention provides a single-sided welding method for forming double-sided bulb flat steel, which solves the problem that the welding process is cumbersome and the welding quality is difficult to control in related technologies that use one-sided welding and the other-sided root cleaning welding.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a method for single-sided welding and double-sided forming of bulb flat steel, which includes the following steps:

[0050] Step S1: Use a steel plate to fix the ball heads 11 of the two ball flat steels 1, and spot weld the ball backs 12 of the two ball flat steels 1 to the ship plate 2;

[0051] Step S2: Use a gasket 3 to fix the inside or outside of the two bulb flats 1, and make the gasket 3 cover the weld 4 between the two bulb flats 1; wherein, as Figure 2 As shown, the inner side of the bulb flat steel 1 refers to the bottom side of the bulb flat steel 1, and the outer side of the bulb flat steel 1 refers to the top side of the bulb flat steel 1.

[0052] Step S3: Weld the weld seam 4 on the side of the two bulb flat steels 1 facing away from the backing 3 to complete the welding work between the two bulb flat steels 1.

[0053] Among them, the use of backing 3 to achieve single-sided welding and double-sided forming of weld 4, and finally complete the welding work between the bulb flat steel 1, improves the welding method, not only improves the welding quality between the bulb flat steel 1 and shortens the welding cycle of bulb flat steel 1, but also saves labor costs and greatly improves construction efficiency; it improves the traditional method of welding on one side and cleaning the root on the other side, which has a complicated welding process and makes it difficult to control the welding quality.

[0054] In step S3, as Figure 5 or Figure 6 As shown, the specific steps may include:

[0055] When the weld 4 of the ball back 12 extends horizontally, it starts from one end of the ball flat steel 1 and is welded to the corner of the ball head 11 and the ball back 12, and starts from the other end of the ball flat steel 1 and is welded to the corner of the ball head 11 and the ball back 12, thus completing the welding work of the ball flat steel 1.

[0056] Specifically, the welding work on the bulb flat steel 1 is carried out from both ends towards the corner. This ensures that the welding torch is always at the optimal angle when welding the weld seam 4 of the bulb head 11 or the weld seam 4 of the bulb back 12. This avoids the difficulty of adjusting the welding torch angle at the corner of the entire weld seam 4 when welding the bulb head 11 and the bulb back 12 in one go, which affects the welding quality. At the same time, it avoids the problem of spending too much time at the corner when welding in one go, which can easily cause shrinkage cavities at the corner and affect the welding quality.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the welding of the bulb flat steel 1, starting from one end and welding to the corner of the ball head 11 and the ball back 12, and starting from the other end and welding to the corner of the ball head 11 and the ball back 12, to complete the welding work of the bulb flat steel 1, may include the following steps:

[0058] Starting from the end of the ball head 11 away from the ball back 12, weld until the corner of the ball head 11 and the ball back 12 stops, and start from the connection between the ship plate 2 and the ball back 12, weld until the corner stops, thus completing the bottom layer welding of the ball flat steel 1.

[0059] The welding process begins multiple times from the end of the ball head 11 that is far from the back of the ball 12, and continues until the arc stops at the corner of the ball head 11 and the back of the ball 12, until the filling layer of the ball head 11 is completed.

[0060] The welding process involved starting from the connection between the ship plate 2 and the ball back 12 on the bottom layer, welding until the corner was reached and the arc was stopped, until the filling layer of the ball back 12 was completed, and finally the outer bevel flat welding of the ball flat steel 1 was completed.

[0061] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, when the weld seam 4 of the ball back 12 extends in the left-right direction and the width direction of the weld seam 4 of the ball back 12 extends in the front-back direction, the worker can face the right side of the ship plate 2 and start from both ends of the ball flat steel 1 towards the corner to perform welding work on the ball flat steel 1. On the one hand, this ensures that when the welding torch moves towards the weld seam 4 of the ball head 11 or the weld seam 4 of the ball back 12, the angle of the welding torch can always be kept in the optimal state. This avoids the difficulty of operation and the impact on welding quality when the worker needs to adjust the angle of the welding torch at the corners of the horizontal and inclined planes of the entire weld seam 4 when welding the ball head 11 and the ball back 12 in one go. On the other hand, it can also avoid the long time spent at the corner when completing the welding in one go, which can easily cause shrinkage cavities when welding at the corner and affect the welding quality.

[0062] In the process of welding the ball head 11 and ball back 12 of the bottom layer, the weld 4 between the ball heads 11 is welded first. The welding stops at the corner, and the stop point is ground into a slope (that is, the top surface of the ball head 11 where the arc stops is set at an acute angle to the length of the weld 4 in a clockwise direction). After grinding, the arc is started from the connection between the ball back 12 and the ship plate 2 and welded towards the corner. This avoids the problem that the filler material pre-welded to the ball head 11 cannot be completely fused together when the ball back 12 is welded to the corner and the arc stops, thus ensuring the welding quality.

[0063] Among them, each layer of the welded spherical flat steel can be welded by continuous arc welding, and the welding method is the serrated welding method.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the welding of the bulb flat steel 1, starting from one end and welding to the corner of the ball head 11 and the ball back 12, and starting from the other end and welding to the corner of the ball head 11 and the ball back 12, to complete the welding work of the bulb flat steel 1, also includes the following steps:

[0065] Starting from the connection between the ship plate 2 and the ball back 12, welding continues all the way to the end of the ball head 11 to complete the bottom layer welding of the ball flat steel 1;

[0066] The welding process begins multiple times at the connection between the boat plate 2 and the ball back 12, continuing until the corner of the ball head 11 and the ball back 12 is reached and the arc stops, until the filling layer of the ball back 12 is completed.

[0067] The welding process begins multiple times from the end of the ball head 11, stopping at the corner to complete the filling layer welding of the ball head 11, and finally completes the outer bevel horizontal welding of the ball flat steel 1.

[0068] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, when the weld 4 of the ball back 12 extends in the left-right direction and the width direction of the weld 4 of the ball back 12 extends in the up-down direction, the worker can stand in front of the two ball flat steels 1, that is, on the side of the ball flat steel 1 facing away from the pad 3. When the worker is welding the ball flat steel 1 for the first layer, he can start from the connection between the ship plate 2 and the ball back 12 and weld to the end of the ball head 11. The welding work of the ball back 12 and the ball head 11 for the first layer can be completed in one go. There is no need to start from both ends of the ball flat steel 1 and weld to the corner in sections. The first layer is completed in one go, which has little impact on the welding quality, but can greatly improve the welding efficiency of the first layer.

[0069] In the process of welding the ball back 12 and ball head 11 of the bottom layer, the welding can also be carried out in sections from both ends of the ball flat steel 1 to the corner, sacrificing welding efficiency to ensure welding quality.

[0070] When welding the filler layer of the bulb flat steel 1, welding starts from both ends of the bulb flat steel 1 and proceeds to the corner to complete the welding of the bulb back 12 and bulb head 11 of the filler layer. On the one hand, when welding the bulb back 12 or bulb head 11 of the filler layer, the angle of the welding gun can always be kept at the optimal state. This avoids the difficulty of adjusting the angle of the welding gun at the corner of the horizontal plane (the plane where the weld 4 of the bulb back 12 is located) and the inclined plane (the plane where the weld 4 of the bulb head 11 is located) when welding the bulb head 11 and bulb back 12 of the filler layer in one go. This also avoids the long time spent at the corner after each complete filler layer welding, which can easily cause shrinkage cavities when welding at the corner, greatly affecting the welding quality.

[0071] The welding of the ball back 12 and ball head 11 from the connection point of the ship plate 2 and the ball back 12 to the end of the ball head 11 to complete the bottom layer welding includes:

[0072] If the width of weld 4 is less than the preset threshold, welding is performed using an up-and-down swing trajectory to complete the welding of the ball back 12 and ball head 11 for the bottom layer; wherein, the up-and-down swing trajectory is serrated.

[0073] If the width of weld 4 is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, welding is performed obliquely away from the swing trajectory of the ship plate 2 to complete the welding of the ball back 12 and ball head 11 for the bottom layer. The oblique swing trajectory away from the ship plate 2 is serrated or sinusoidal, and the tips of the serrations or the peaks of the sinusoids are all tilted to the left.

[0074] The preset threshold can be 7mm. When the width of weld 4 is greater than or equal to 7mm, welding is carried out in a sawtooth or sinusoidal shape, which is obliquely away from the swing trajectory of the ship plate 2. This can prolong the falling path of the molten pool, thereby prolonging the falling time of the molten pool and avoiding the problem of the molten pool accumulating on the ball flat steel 1 below, thus ensuring the welding quality.

[0075] Both the base layer and the fill layer can be welded using continuous arc welding, while the fill layer can be welded using a linear motion trajectory method.

[0076] In some embodiments, in step S3, such as Figure 7 or Figure 8 As shown, the specific steps may include: when the weld 4 of the ball back 12 extends in the vertical direction, starting from one end of the ball flat steel 1, welding is performed to the other end of the ball flat steel 1 to complete the welding work of the ball flat steel 1.

[0077] When the weld 4 of the ball back 12 extends vertically, the worker can face the weld 4 of the ball flat steel 1 directly, with the welding surface of the weld 4 facing the worker. This makes the welding operation easier, facilitates turning at corners, reduces the time spent at corners, and prevents slag inclusions at corners, thus avoiding problems such as incomplete fusion and shrinkage cavities. This minimizes the impact on welding quality, allowing the worker to complete the welding of the ball flat steel 1 in one go, greatly improving welding efficiency. It also ensures the angle between the welding torch and the ball head 11 or the ball back 12.

[0078] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the welding work from one end of the bulb flat steel 1 to the other end of the bulb flat steel 1 to complete the welding of the bulb flat steel 1 may include the following steps:

[0079] Starting from the connection between the ship plate 2 and the ball back 12, welding is performed to the end of the ball head 11 to complete the root pass welding of the ball flat steel 1; wherein, extinguished arc welding is used to start from the connection between the ship plate 2 and the ball back 12 and weld to the corner to complete the root pass welding of the ball back 12; continuous arc welding is used to start from the corner and weld to the end of the ball head 11 to complete the root pass welding of the ball head 11.

[0080] Specifically, when welding the weld 4 of the ball back 12, arc-extinguishing welding can be used to reduce the heat input of the weld 4 and ensure that the root pass welding of the ball back 12 is successful; in response to the problem that the weld 4 of the ball head 11 is too thick, continuous arc welding is used for the root pass welding of the ball head 11 to avoid the ball head 11 not being fully penetrated or the backing 3 falling off.

[0081] The welding process begins multiple times at the connection between the ship plate 2 and the ball back 12, extending to the end of the ball head 11, until the filling layer welding of the ball back 12 is completed. The thickness of the weld 4 of the ball head 11 is greater than the thickness of the ball back 12. When the filling layer welding of the ball back 12 is completed, the weld 4 of the ball head 11 is not yet fully filled.

[0082] Starting from the corner of the ball head 11 and the ball back 12, welding was performed multiple times, extending to the end of the ball head 11, until the filler layer of the ball head 11 was completed, and finally the outer bevel vertical welding of the ball flat steel 1 was completed. Among these steps, the arc was repeatedly started from the corner and welded to the end of the ball head 11, and the remaining filler layer welding work of weld 4 at the ball head 11 was completed separately.

[0083] Specifically, when welding the ball back 12 and ball head 11 of the bottom layer, and the ball back 12 and ball head 11 of the filling layer, the movement trajectory from bottom to top is adopted to ensure that the molten pool is accumulated and formed in the weld seam 4, and to avoid the molten pool flowing down and affecting the welding quality by moving from top to bottom.

[0084] The filler layer can be welded using continuous arc welding, and the welding technique for both the root pass and the filler layer can be a serrated welding technique.

[0085] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the welding work from one end of the bulb flat steel 1 to the other end of the bulb flat steel 1 to complete the welding of the bulb flat steel 1 may further include the following steps:

[0086] Starting from the end of the ball head 11, welding continues to the connection between the ball back 12 and the ship plate 2, completing the bottom layer welding of the ball head 11 and the ball back 12. Among them, the bottom layer of the ball head 11 can be welded by continuous arc welding to ensure complete penetration of the weld 4 of the ball head 11 and ensure welding quality. The bottom layer of the ball back 12 can be welded by extinguished arc welding to reduce the heat input of the weld 4 and ensure the smooth bottom layer welding of the ball back 12.

[0087] Starting from the end of the ball head 11, welding is performed to the connection between the ball back 12 and the ship plate 2 to complete the welding of the ball head 11 and ball back 12 of the first filling layer. The welding steps of the ball head 11 and ball back 12 of the first filling layer are repeated multiple times to complete the welding of the ball back 12 of the filling layer. Among them, the remaining filling layer of the ball head 11 has not yet been fully filled.

[0088] Starting from the end of the ball head 11, welding continues to the corner where the ball head 11 and the ball back 12 meet. This welding process is repeated multiple times to complete the welding of the ball head 11 for the filler layer, ultimately completing the vertical welding of the inner bevel of the bulb flat steel 1. Specifically, welding from the end of the ball head 11 to the corner where the ball head 11 and the ball back 12 meet completes the welding work for each filler layer, avoiding arcing at the corner and ensuring weld quality.

[0089] Specifically, when welding the ball back 12 of the bottom layer and the filler layer, the movement trajectory is from bottom to top to ensure that the molten pool is built up in the weld 4, and to avoid the molten pool flowing down from top to bottom, which would affect the welding quality.

[0090] The filler layer can be welded using continuous arc welding, and the welding technique for both the root pass and the filler layer can be a serrated welding technique.

[0091] In some embodiments, the arc voltage during welding of the ball head 11 (the bottom layer) is greater than the arc voltage during welding of the ball back 12 (the bottom layer). Since the weld 4 thickness facing the ball head 11 is greater than the weld 4 thickness facing the ball back 12, the arc voltage during welding of the ball head 11 (the bottom layer) can be greater than the arc voltage during welding of the ball back 12 (the bottom layer), ensuring complete weld penetration at the ball head 11 and guaranteeing weld quality.

[0092] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0093] It should be noted that, in this invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0094] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for single-sided welding and double-sided forming of bulb flat steel, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: The ball heads (11) of the two ball flat steels (1) are fixed by a plate, and the ball backs (12) of the two ball flat steels (1) are spot welded to the ship plate (2); A gasket (3) is fixed to the inside or outside of the two ball flat steels (1) and the gasket (3) covers the weld (4) between the two ball flat steels (1). Weld the weld (4) on the side of the two bulb flats (1) facing away from the backing (3) to complete the welding work between the two bulb flats (1); The welding of the weld seam (4) between the two bulb flats (1) on the side facing away from the backing (3) to complete the welding work between the two bulb flats (1) includes the following steps: When the weld (4) of the ball back (12) extends in the horizontal direction, it starts from one end of the ball flat steel (1) and is welded to the corner of the ball head (11) and the ball back (12), and starts from the other end of the ball flat steel (1) and is welded to the corner of the ball head (11) and the ball back (12), thus completing the welding work of the ball flat steel (1).

2. The method for single-sided welding and double-sided forming of bulb flat steel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The welding work of the bulb flat steel (1) starting from one end and welding to the corner of the ball head (11) and the ball back (12), and starting from the other end and welding to the corner of the ball head (11) and the ball back (12), to complete the welding work of the bulb flat steel (1) includes: Starting from the end of the ball head (11) away from the ball back (12), weld to the corner of the ball head (11) and the ball back (12) and stop the arc. Starting from the connection between the ship plate (2) and the ball back (12), weld to the corner and stop the arc to complete the bottom layer welding of the ball flat steel (1). Starting from the end of the ball head (11) away from the back of the ball (12) on the bottom layer, the welding continues until the arc stops at the corner of the ball head (11) and the back of the ball (12), until the filling layer welding of the ball head (11) is completed. The welding process begins multiple times at the connection between the ship plate (2) and the ball back (12) on the bottom layer, stopping at the corner, until the filling layer of the ball back (12) is completed, and finally the outer bevel flat welding of the ball flat steel (1) is completed.

3. The method for single-sided welding and double-sided forming of bulb flat steel as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The welding of the weld seam (4) between the two bulb flats (1) on the side facing away from the backing (3) to complete the welding work between the two bulb flats (1) includes the following steps: When the weld (4) of the ball back (12) extends vertically, it starts from one end of the ball flat steel (1) and is welded to the other end of the ball flat steel (1) to complete the welding work of the ball flat steel (1).

4. The method for single-sided welding and double-sided forming of bulb flat steel as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The welding work of starting from one end of the bulb flat steel (1) and welding to the other end of the bulb flat steel (1) to complete the welding of the bulb flat steel (1) includes: Starting from the connection between the ship plate (2) and the ball back (12), weld to the end of the ball head (11) to complete the bottom layer welding of the ball flat steel (1); The welding process begins multiple times at the connection between the boat plate (2) and the ball back (12) on the bottom layer, and continues to the end of the ball head (11) until the filling layer of the ball back (12) is completed. Starting from the corners of the ball head (11) and the ball back (12), welding is performed multiple times until the filler layer of the ball head (11) is completed, and finally the outer bevel vertical welding of the ball flat steel (1) is completed.

5. The method for single-sided welding and double-sided forming of bulb flat steel as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The process of welding the ball flat steel (1) from the connection between the ship plate (2) and the ball back (12) to the end of the ball head (11) to complete the root pass welding includes: Using arc-extinguished welding, starting from the connection between the ship plate (2) and the ball back (12), welding is performed to the corner to complete the bottom layer welding of the ball back (12); Using continuous arc welding, starting from the corner, weld to the end of the ball head (11) to complete the root layer welding of the ball head (11).

6. The method for single-sided welding and double-sided forming of bulb flat steel as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The welding work of starting from one end of the bulb flat steel (1) and welding to the other end of the bulb flat steel (1) to complete the welding of the bulb flat steel (1) includes: Starting from the end of the ball head (11), weld to the connection between the ball back (12) and the ship plate (2) to complete the bottom layer welding of the ball flat steel (1); Starting from the end of the ball head (11) on the bottom layer, the welding continues to the connection between the ball back (12) and the boat plate (2) until the filling layer welding of the ball back (12) is completed. Starting from the end of the ball head (11), welding is performed multiple times to the corner of the ball head (11) and the ball back (12) until the filling layer welding of the ball head (11) is completed, and finally the inner bevel vertical welding of the ball flat steel (1) is completed.

7. The single-sided welding and double-sided forming welding method for bulb flat steel as described in claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: The arc voltage during welding of the ball head (11) of the bottom layer is greater than the arc voltage during welding of the ball back (12) of the bottom layer.

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