Liquid crystal grating and display system

Abstract

The present application discloses a liquid crystal grating and a display system. The liquid crystal grating includes a first light adjustment component, a liquid crystal module, and a second light adjustment component stacked along a first direction. The liquid crystal module is located between the first light adjustment component and the second light adjustment component. The deflection angle of the first light adjustment component for the first color light is θ11, and the deflection angle of the first light adjustment component for the second color light is θ12. The wavelength corresponding to the maximum peak intensity in the emission spectrum of the first color light is the first wavelength λ1, and the wavelength corresponding to the maximum peak intensity in the emission spectrum of the second color light is the second wavelength λ2. Where 0.9 ≤ (λ1 / cosθ11) / (λ2 / cosθ12) ≤ 1.1. The liquid crystal grating and the display system disclosed in the present application can weaken the dispersion phenomenon and improve the display effect on the premise of expanding the viewing angle range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of liquid crystal gratings, and in particular to a liquid crystal grating and a display system. Background Art

[0002] In a holographic display system, a liquid crystal grating is usually set to increase the viewing angle of the holographic display system. At the liquid crystal grating, light of different colors will be deflected. After the deflection of the liquid crystal grating, the deflection angles of light of different colors are different, causing dispersion and affecting the display effect. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a liquid crystal grating and a display system, which can reduce dispersion and improve display effects while expanding the viewing angle range.

[0004] In a first aspect, a liquid crystal grating is provided, comprising a first light adjustment component, a liquid crystal module, and a second light adjustment component stacked along a first direction, wherein the liquid crystal module is located between the first light adjustment component and the second light adjustment component; a deflection angle of the first light adjustment component to a first color light is θ11, a deflection angle of the first light adjustment component to a second color light is θ12, a wavelength corresponding to a maximum peak intensity in an emission spectrum of the first color light is a first wavelength λ1, and a wavelength corresponding to a maximum peak intensity in an emission spectrum of the second color light is a second wavelength λ2; wherein 0.9≤(λ1 / cosθ11) / (λ2 / cosθ12)≤1.1.

[0005] In a second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, a display system is provided, comprising: a grating component, the grating component comprising the liquid crystal grating of the first aspect of the present application; a display component, the liquid crystal grating is located on the light emitting side of the display component, and the display component is located on the side of the first light adjustment component away from the liquid crystal module.

[0006] The liquid crystal grating and display system provided by the embodiment of the present application are provided with a first light adjustment component and a second light adjustment component on both sides of the liquid crystal module. The deflection angle of the first light adjustment component to the first color light is θ11, and the deflection angle of the first light adjustment component to the second color light is θ12. The wavelength corresponding to the maximum peak intensity in the emission spectrum of the first color light is the first wavelength λ1, and the wavelength corresponding to the maximum peak intensity in the emission spectrum of the second color light is the second wavelength λ2; wherein, 0.9≤(λ1 / cosθ11) / (λ2 / cosθ12)≤1.1. For the first color light and the second color light, after being deflected by the first light adjustment component, the incident angles when entering the liquid crystal module are different. After being deflected by the liquid crystal module, the first color light and the second color light are emitted after being deflected again by the second light adjustment component, which can reduce the difference in the final emission direction of the first color light and the second color light, thereby weakening the dispersion and improving the display effect. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0007] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0008] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0009] Figure 2 It is a schematic optical path diagram of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0010] Figure 3 It is a schematic optical path diagram of a first light adjustment component of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0011] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a first grating layer of a first light adjustment component of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0012] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a second grating layer of a first light adjustment component of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0013] Figure 6 It is another schematic optical path diagram of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0014] Figure 7 It is another schematic optical path diagram of a first light adjustment component of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0015] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of a third grating layer of a first light adjustment component of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] Figure 9 It is a schematic optical path diagram of a second light adjustment component of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Figure 10 It is another schematic optical path diagram of a second light adjustment component of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 11 It is another schematic optical path diagram of a second light adjustment component of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 12 It is a schematic optical path diagram of a liquid crystal module of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 13A schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal module of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 14 A schematic structural diagram of a display system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 15 A schematic structural diagram of a display component of a display system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 16 is Figure 15 An enlarged view of a display component of a display system according to an embodiment of the present application in region E in

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] 1. First light adjustment component; 11. First grating layer; 12. Second grating layer; 13. Third grating layer;

[0026] 2. Liquid crystal module; 21. Liquid crystal molecules;

[0027] 3. Second light adjustment component; 31. Fourth grating layer; 32. Fifth grating layer; 33. Sixth grating layer;

[0028] 100. Grating component;

[0029] 200. Display component; 210. Pixel; 211. First pixel unit; 212. Second pixel unit; 213. Third pixel unit.

[0030] X. First direction; L1. First color light; L2. Second color light; L3. Third color light. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only intended to provide a better understanding of the present application by showing examples of the present application.

[0032] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0033] Relational terms such as first and second are used solely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the statement "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising said element.

[0034] It should be understood that when describing the structure of a component, when a layer or a region is referred to as being "above" or "over" another layer or another region, it may mean directly above the other layer or another region, or there may be other layers or regions between it and the other layer or another region. And if the component is flipped, this layer or region will be "below" or "beneath" the other layer or another region.

[0035] In addition, the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0036] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined according to A. However, it should also be understood that determining B according to A does not mean determining B solely according to A, and B can also be determined according to A and / or other information.

[0037] The applicant has found that in some large-view display devices (such as holographic three-dimensional display systems), a liquid crystal grating (LCG) is provided to deflect the light incident on the vertical liquid crystal grating and emit it from the liquid crystal grating at a certain tilt angle, so as to meet the requirements of a large view. The display device usually achieves color display by mixing red light, green light and blue light of different brightnesses. However, when the liquid crystal grating deflects light, there are certain differences in the deflection angles of light of different colors. Therefore, after being deflected by the liquid crystal grating, the outgoing light of different colors will be emitted at different angles, thereby causing chromatic dispersion and affecting the display effect.

[0038] In view of the above analysis, the applicant proposes a liquid crystal grating and a display system. The liquid crystal grating includes a first light modulation component, a liquid crystal module, and a second light modulation component stacked in sequence. The first color light and the second color light can be deflected by the first light modulation component and then incident on the liquid crystal module at different incident angles. On the premise of different incident angles, the liquid crystal module can make the deflection angles of the first color light and the second color light close, and then the first color light and the second color light are incident on the second light modulation component at different incident angles. Compared with the first light modulation component, the second light modulation component can deflect the first color light and the second color light again, so that the first color light and the second color light have close exit angles from the second light modulation component, thereby reducing the degree of chromatic dispersion and improving the display effect.

[0039] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 FIG. 5 is a schematic optical path diagram of a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 2 For the convenience of showing the optical path routing, the distance between the first light modulation component 1, the liquid crystal module 2, and the second light modulation component 3 is increased in the figure, which does not limit the actual distance between the first light modulation component 1, the liquid crystal module 2, and the second light modulation component 3. An embodiment of the present application provides a liquid crystal grating, including a first light modulation component 1, a liquid crystal module 2, and a second light modulation component 3 stacked along the first direction X. The liquid crystal module 2 is located between the first light modulation component 1 and the second light modulation component 3; the deflection angle of the first light modulation component 1 for the first color light L1 is θ11, and the deflection angle of the first light modulation component 1 for the second color light L2 is θ12. The wavelength corresponding to the maximum peak intensity in the emission spectrum of the first color light L1 is the first wavelength λ1, and the wavelength corresponding to the maximum peak intensity in the emission spectrum of the second color light L2 is the second wavelength λ2; wherein,

[0041] 0.9 ≤ (λ1 / cosθ11) / (λ2 / cosθ12) ≤ 1.1.

[0042] The liquid crystal grating according to the embodiment of the present application can be used to deflect the light emitted by the display panel. Considering that most of the light emitted by the display panel is perpendicular to the plane where the liquid crystal grating is located, in the embodiment of the present application, the light incident vertically is taken as an example for description.

[0043] For the convenience of description, in the embodiments of the present application, the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 are lights of different colors. The wavelength corresponding to the maximum peak intensity in the emission spectrum of the first color light L1 is the first wavelength λ1, and the wavelength corresponding to the maximum peak intensity in the emission spectrum of the second color light L2 is the second wavelength λ2, where λ1≠λ2, that is, the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 are of different colors.

[0044] The first light adjustment component 1, the liquid crystal module 2, and the second light adjustment component 3 can all deflect light. Different colors of light with the same incident angle have different deflection angles at the first light adjustment component 1, and different colors of light with the same incident angle also have different deflection angles at the second light adjustment component 3. The deflection angle of different colors of light with different incident angles at the liquid crystal module 2 is related to the incident angle and the wavelength of the light.

[0045] Taking the first color light L1 as an example to explain the principle of the liquid crystal grating deflecting light in the embodiments of the present application.

[0046] When the first light adjustment component 1 and the second light adjustment component 3 are used together and the liquid crystal module 2 is not provided, when the first color light L1 is incident on the first light adjustment component 1, the first color light L1 enters the first light adjustment component 1 at the first incident angle and exits from the first light adjustment component 1 at the first exit angle. The first color light L1 will be deflected, and the first exit angle will be greater than the first incident angle. When the first color light L1 continues to shine on the second light adjustment component 3, the first color light L1 enters the second light adjustment component 3 at the second incident angle and exits from the second light adjustment component 3 at the second exit angle. Since the first light adjustment component 1 and the second light adjustment component 3 can deflect the first color light L1, the second exit angle of the first color light L1 will be smaller than the second incident angle. When the structures of the first light adjustment component 1 and the second light adjustment component 3 are the same, the first incident angle and the second exit angle are equal. The deflection angle of the first light adjustment component 1 for the first color light L1 is the absolute value of the difference between the first exit angle and the first incident angle, and the deflection angle of the second light adjustment component 3 for the first color light L1 is the absolute value of the difference between the second exit angle and the second incident angle.

[0047] After the liquid crystal module 2 is arranged between the first light adjustment component 1 and the second light adjustment component 3, the liquid crystal module 2 deflects the first color light L1. At this time, the first color light L1 enters the liquid crystal module 2 at the liquid crystal incident angle and exits the liquid crystal module 2 at the liquid crystal exit angle. The liquid crystal incident angle is equal to the first exit angle, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 is the absolute value of the difference between the liquid crystal exit angle and the liquid crystal incident angle. The first color light L1 exiting the liquid crystal module 2 enters the second light adjustment component 3 at the third incident angle and exits the second light adjustment component 3 at the third exit angle. The third incident angle is equal to the liquid crystal exit angle. At this time, at the second light adjustment component 3, the first color light L1 enters at the third incident angle. It can be considered that on the basis of the first color light L1 entering at the second incident angle, the first color light L1 is first deflected by the liquid crystal deflection angle and then enters the second light adjustment component 3. Therefore, on the premise of determining the first incident angle, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the magnitude of the third exit angle of the first color light L1. That is to say, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the total deflection angle of the first color light L1, where the total deflection angle is the absolute value of the difference between the third exit angle and the first incident angle.

[0048] Similarly, on the premise of determining the first incident angle of the second color light L2, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 determines the total deflection angle of the second color light L2.

[0049] On this basis, the deflection angle of the first light adjustment component 1 for the first color light L1 is θ11, that is to say, the absolute value of the difference between the first incident angle and the first exit angle of the first color light L1 is θ11. The deflection angle of the first light adjustment component 1 for the second color light L2 is θ12, that is to say, the absolute value of the difference between the first incident angle and the first exit angle of the second color light L2 is θ12.

[0050] Among them, 0.9 ≤ (λ1 / cosθ11) / (λ2 / cosθ12) ≤ 1.1.

[0051] In the above settings, the value of λ1 / cosθ11 corresponding to the first color light L1 and the value of λ2 / cosθ12 corresponding to the second color light L2 have an error of no more than 10%. For the liquid crystal module 2 with determined parameters, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 is positively correlated with λ1 / cosθ11, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 is positively correlated with λ2 / cosθ12. Since the value of λ1 / cosθ11 corresponding to the first color light L1 is close to the value of λ2 / cosθ12 corresponding to the second color light L2, the difference between the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 is reduced.

[0052] Since the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the total deflection angle of the first color light L1, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 determines the total deflection angle of the second color light L2, therefore, the liquid crystal grating of the embodiment of the present application reduces the difference between the total deflection angle of the first color light L1 and the total deflection angle of the second color light L2. Considering that the first incident angle of the first color light L1 is equal to the first incident angle of the second color light L2, therefore, the embodiment of the present application can reduce the difference between the third exit angle of the first color light L1 and the third exit angle of the second color light L2, thereby weakening the dispersion phenomenon. When the liquid crystal grating of the embodiment of the present application is used in a display device, the display effect at a large viewing angle can be improved.

[0053] It should be noted that through the above parameter settings, the absolute value of the difference between the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 can be reduced. However, the liquid crystal incident angles of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 are different, and the liquid crystal exit angles of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 are different.

[0054] Further, λ1 / cosθ11 = λ2 / cosθ12.

[0055] When λ1 / cosθ11 = λ2 / cosθ12, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 is equal to the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2. Since the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the total deflection angle of the first color light L1, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 determines the total deflection angle of the second color light L2, therefore, the total deflection angle of the first color light L1 and the total deflection angle of the second color light L2 are equal. Considering that the first incident angle of the first color light L1 is equal to the first incident angle of the second color light L2, therefore, the third exit angle of the first color light L1 is equal to the third exit angle of the second color light L2. Therefore, the present application can further weaken the dispersion phenomenon. It should be noted that the "equality" mentioned above is not absolute equality, and errors caused by the process are allowed.

[0056] Figure 3 It is a schematic optical path diagram of the first light adjustment component of the liquid crystal grating according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0057] Further, please refer to Figure 3, the first light adjustment component 1 includes a first grating layer 11 and a second grating layer 12. The first grating layer 11 is located on the side of the second grating layer 12 closer to the liquid crystal module 2. The first grating layer 11 has a deflecting effect on the first color light L1, and the second grating layer 12 has a deflecting effect on the second color light L2. The wavelength of the first color light L1 is greater than the wavelength of the second color light L2.

[0058] In the first light adjustment component 1, the first grating layer 11 is used to deflect the first color light L1, and the second grating layer 12 is used to deflect the second color light L2. The thickness of the first grating layer 11 and the thickness of the second grating layer 12 may be equal or may not be equal.

[0059] Considering that the liquid crystal grating in the embodiment of the present application is used to deflect the light emitted by the display panel, taking the light emitted by the display panel as white light as an example for illustration, where the white light is composed of red light, green light, and blue light. The wavelength of the first color light L1 is greater than the wavelength of the second color light L2. The first color light L1 may be red light, and the second color light L2 may be green light.

[0060] In the first light adjustment component 1, the value of λ1 / cosθ11 corresponding to the first color light L1 and the value of λ2 / cosθ12 corresponding to the second color light L2 have an error not higher than 10%. Considering that the wavelength of the first color light L1 is greater than the wavelength of the second color light L2, θ11 < θ12. The first grating layer 11 is located on the side of the second grating layer 12 closer to the liquid crystal module 2, which can reduce the possibility of crossing of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 before entering the liquid crystal module 2, thereby reducing the mixing and overlapping between the first color light L1 and the second color light L2, and further reducing the crosstalk between the first color light L1 and the second color light L2.

[0061] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first grating layer of the first light adjustment component of the liquid crystal grating in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second grating layer of the first light adjustment component of the liquid crystal grating in the embodiment of the present application.

[0062] Further, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 and in combination with Figure 3 , the first grating layer 11 includes a plurality of first crystal planes arranged side by side. The first crystal plane is inclined relative to the plane where the first grating layer 11 is located; the second grating layer 12 includes a plurality of second crystal planes arranged side by side. The second crystal plane is inclined relative to the plane where the second grating layer 12 is located; the inclination angle of the first crystal plane is α1, the distance between adjacent first crystal planes is D1, and the preset wavelength of the first grating layer 11 is λ01;

[0063] Among them, D1·cosα1 = N·λ01, where N is a positive integer; 0.95 ≤ λ1 / λ01 ≤ 1.05;

[0064] The inclination angle of the second crystal plane is α2, the distance between adjacent second crystal planes is D2, and the preset wavelength of the second grating layer 12 is λ02;

[0065] Among them, D2·cosα2 = N·λ02, where N is a positive integer; 0.95 ≤ λ2 / λ02 ≤ 1.05.

[0066] The first grating layer 11 includes a plurality of first crystal planes arranged side by side, and the first crystal planes are inclined relative to the plane where the first grating layer 11 is located. The inclination angle of the first crystal plane is α1, the distance between adjacent first crystal planes is D1, and the preset wavelength of the first grating layer 11 is λ01. Among them, D1·cosα1 = N·λ01, where N is a positive integer. So that the plurality of first crystal planes can reflect light with a wavelength in the range of 0.95 times to 1.05 times λ01. And, 0.95 ≤ λ1 / λ01 ≤ 1.05, that is to say, the plurality of first crystal planes arranged side by side can reflect the first color light L1 and transmit the second color light L2.

[0067] Similarly, the second grating layer 12 includes a plurality of second crystal planes arranged side by side, and the second crystal planes are inclined relative to the plane where the second grating layer 12 is located. The inclination angle of the second crystal plane is α2, the distance between adjacent second crystal planes is D2, and the preset wavelength of the second grating layer 12 is λ02. Among them, D2·cosα2 = N·λ02, where N is a positive integer. So that the plurality of second crystal planes can reflect light with a wavelength in the range of 0.95 times to 1.05 times λ02. And, 0.95 ≤ λ2 / λ02 ≤ 1.05, that is to say, the plurality of second crystal planes arranged side by side can reflect the second color light L2 and transmit the first color light L1.

[0068] It should be noted that the preset wavelength λ01 of the first grating layer 11 is a self-parameter of the first grating layer 11, and when the first grating layer 11 is manufactured, the preset wavelength λ01 of the first grating layer 11 has been determined. Similarly, the preset wavelength λ02 of the second grating layer 12 is a self-parameter of the second grating layer 12, and when the second grating layer 12 is manufactured, the preset wavelength λ02 of the second grating layer 12 has been determined.

[0069] Furthermore, continue to refer to Figures 3 to 5 , the thicknesses of the first grating layer 11 and the second grating layer 12 along the first direction X are equal.

[0070] The first color light L1 will be deflected by the first grating layer 11, and the second color light L2 will be deflected by the second grating layer 12. Since the thicknesses of the first grating layer 11 and the second grating layer 12 along the first direction X are equal, the optical paths of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 before the liquid crystal module 2 are basically the same. Therefore, the possibility of chromatic dispersion generated by the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 can also be reduced. In addition, since the first grating layer 11 and the second grating layer 12 have the same thickness, it is convenient to fabricate the first grating layer 11 and the second grating layer 12, and it is also convenient to determine the optical paths of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2.

[0071] Figure 6 Another optical path schematic diagram of the liquid crystal grating according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 Another optical path schematic diagram of the first light adjustment component of the liquid crystal grating according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of the third grating layer of the first light adjustment component of the liquid crystal grating according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 To facilitate the display of the optical path routing, the distance between the first light adjustment component 1, the liquid crystal module 2, and the second light adjustment component 3 is increased in the figure, which does not limit the actual distance between the first light adjustment component 1, the liquid crystal module 2, and the second light adjustment component 3. The deflection angle of the first light adjustment component 1 for the third color light L3 is θ13, and the wavelength corresponding to the maximum peak intensity in the emission spectrum of the third color light L3 is the third wavelength λ3. Among them,

[0073] 0.9 ≤ (λ1 / cosθ11) / (λ3 / cosθ13) ≤ 1.1;

[0074] 0.9 ≤ (λ2 / cosθ12) / (λ3 / cosθ13) ≤ 1.1.

[0075] Considering that the liquid crystal grating according to the embodiment of the present application is used to deflect the light emitted by the display panel, taking the light emitted by the display panel as white light as an example for illustration, where the white light is composed of red light, green light, and blue light. The first color light L1 can be red light, the second color light L2 can be green light, and the third color light L3 can be blue light. Similar to the first color light L1 and the second color light L2, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the third color light L3 determines the magnitude of the third emission angle of the third color light L3.

[0076] In the above setting, the values of λ1 / cosθ11 corresponding to the first color light L1, the values of λ2 / cosθ12 corresponding to the second color light L2, and the values of λ3 / cosθ13 corresponding to the third color light L3 have an error of no more than 10% among them. For the liquid crystal module 2 with determined parameters, the sine value of the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 is proportional to λ1 / cosθ11, the sine value of the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 is proportional to λ2 / cosθ12, and the sine value of the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the third color light L3 is proportional to λ3 / cosθ13. Since the values of λ1 / cosθ11 corresponding to the first color light L1, the values of λ2 / cosθ12 corresponding to the second color light L2, and the values of λ3 / cosθ13 corresponding to the third color light L3 are close to each other, among the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the third color light L3, the difference among the three is reduced.

[0077] The deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the total deflection angle of the first color light L1, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 determines the total deflection angle of the second color light L2, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the third color light L3 determines the third emission angle of the third color light L3. Therefore, for the total deflection angles of the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3, the embodiments of the present application can reduce the difference between any two of the three, thereby weakening the dispersion phenomenon. When the liquid crystal grating of the embodiments of the present application is used in a display device, the display effect at a large viewing angle can be improved.

[0078] Further, continue to refer to Figure 6 , λ1 / cosθ11 = λ2 / cosθ12 = λ3 / cosθ13.

[0079] The deflection angles of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 are all equal. The deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the total deflection angle of the first color light L1, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 determines the total deflection angle of the second color light L2, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the third color light L3 determines the third emission angle of the third color light L3. Therefore, the third emission angles of the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 are all equal. So, the present application can further weaken the dispersion phenomenon. It should be noted that the "equal" mentioned above is not absolutely equal, and errors caused by the process are allowed. Correspondingly, please refer to Figure 7 andFigure 8 Moreover, the first light adjustment component 1 further includes a third grating layer 13, which is located on the side of the second grating layer 12 away from the liquid crystal module 2. The third grating layer 13 has a deflecting effect on the third color light L3, and the wavelength of the third color light L3 is less than the wavelength of the second color light L2. The third grating layer 13 may adopt a structure similar to that of the first grating layer 11, and the difference between the two lies in the size of the preset wavelength.

[0080] Specifically, the third grating layer 13 includes a plurality of third crystal planes arranged side by side. The third crystal planes are inclined relative to the plane where the third grating layer 13 is located; the inclination angle of the third crystal plane is α3, the distance between adjacent third crystal planes is D3, and the preset wavelength of the third grating layer 13 is λ03; where D3·cosα3 = N·λ03, N is a positive integer; 0.95 ≤ λ3 / λ03 ≤ 1.05.

[0081] The third grating layer 13 includes a plurality of third crystal planes arranged side by side. The third crystal planes are inclined relative to the plane where the third grating layer 13 is located. The inclination angle of the third crystal plane is α3, the distance between adjacent third crystal planes is D3, and the preset wavelength of the third grating layer 13 is λ03. Where D3·cosα3 = N·λ03, N is a positive integer. This enables the plurality of third crystal planes to reflect light with wavelengths in the range of 0.95 to 1.05 times λ03. And 0.95 ≤ λ3 / λ03 ≤ 1.05, that is to say, the plurality of third crystal planes arranged side by side can reflect the third color light L3 and transmit the third color light L3. It should be noted that the preset wavelength λ03 of the third grating layer 13 is a self-parameter of the third grating layer 13, and when the third grating layer 13 is fabricated, the preset wavelength λ03 of the third grating layer 13 has been determined.

[0082] In the embodiment of the present application, the structure of the second light adjustment component 3 may be the same as or similar to the structure of the first light adjustment component 1. Due to the reversibility of the optical path, relative to the first light adjustment component 1, the second light adjustment component 3 can deflect different colors of light emitted from the liquid crystal module 2 again.

[0083] Figure 9 It is an optical path schematic diagram of the second light adjustment component of the liquid crystal grating according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0084] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 9 The deflection angle of the second light adjustment component 3 for the first color light L1 is θ21, and the deflection angle of the second light adjustment component 3 for the second color light L2 is θ22; where

[0085] 0.9 ≤ (λ1 / cosθ21) / (λ2 / cosθ22) ≤ 1.1.

[0086] It should be noted that when the first color light L1 is perpendicularly incident on the second light adjusting component 3, the deflection angle of the second light adjusting component 3 for the first color light L1 is θ21. When the first color light L1 is obliquely incident on the second light adjusting component 3, the deflection angle of the second light adjusting component 3 for the first color light L1 will be less than θ21. That is to say, when the first color light L1 deflected by the liquid crystal module 2 is obliquely incident on the second light adjusting component 3, the actual deflection angle of the second light adjusting component 3 for the first color light L1 is less than θ21.

[0087] Similarly, when the second color light L2 is perpendicularly incident on the second light adjusting component 3, the deflection angle of the second light adjusting component 3 for the second color light L2 is θ22. When the second color light L2 is obliquely incident on the second light adjusting component 3, the deflection angle of the second light adjusting component 3 for the second color light L2 will be less than θ22. That is to say, when the second color light L2 deflected by the liquid crystal module 2 is obliquely incident on the second light adjusting component 3, the actual deflection angle of the second light adjusting component 3 for the second color light L2 is less than θ22.

[0088] The value of λ1 / cosθ21 corresponding to the first color light L1 and the value of λ2 / cosθ22 corresponding to the second color light L2 have an error less than 10%. Through the above settings, the first light adjusting component 1 and the second light adjusting component 3 have the same deflection ability for the first color light L1, and the first light adjusting component 1 and the second light adjusting component 3 also have the same deflection ability for the second color light L2. On the premise that the liquid crystal module 2 is not provided, the optical paths formed by the two are reversible. Therefore, if the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 are parallelly incident on the first light adjusting component 1, then the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 should be parallelly emitted from the second light adjusting component 3. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the influence of the difference between the first light adjusting component 1 and the second light adjusting component 3 on the total deflection angle of the first color light L1, and it is also possible to reduce the influence of the difference between the first light adjusting component 1 and the second light adjusting component 3 on the total deflection angle of the second color light L2. The deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the total deflection angle of the first color light L1. At the same time, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 determines the total deflection angle of the second color light L2. Therefore, when the absolute value of the difference in the deflection angles of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 at the liquid crystal module 2 becomes smaller, the absolute value of the difference in the third emission angles of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 becomes smaller. Therefore, the grating component of the embodiment of the present application weakens the dispersion phenomenon. When the liquid crystal grating of the embodiment of the present application is used in a display device, the display effect at a large viewing angle can be improved.

[0089] Furthermore, λ1 / cosθ21 = λ2 / cosθ22.

[0090] When at the first light adjustment component 1, λ1 / cosθ11 = λ2 / cosθ12, the absolute value of the difference between the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 is approximately equal. At this time, at the second light adjustment component 3, λ1 / cosθ21 = λ2 / cosθ22, which greatly reduces the influence of the difference between the first light adjustment component 1 and the second light adjustment component 3 on the total deflection angle of the first color light L1, and can also greatly reduce the influence of the difference between the first light adjustment component 1 and the second light adjustment component 3 on the total deflection angle of the second color light L2. The deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the total deflection angle of the first color light L1, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 determines the total deflection angle of the second color light L2. Therefore, the total deflection angles of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 are equal. Considering that the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 are incident on the first light adjustment component 1 at the same incident angle, the third emission angle of the first color light L1 is equal to the third emission angle of the second color light L2. Therefore, the present application can further weaken the dispersion phenomenon.

[0091] Figure 10 It is another optical path schematic diagram of the second light adjustment component of the liquid crystal grating according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0092] Further, please refer to Figure 10 , the second light adjustment component 3 includes a fourth grating layer 31 and a fifth grating layer 32, and the fourth grating layer 31 is located on the side of the fifth grating layer 32 away from the liquid crystal module 2; the fourth grating layer 31 has a deflection effect on the first color light L1, and the fifth grating layer 32 has a deflection effect on the second color light L2; the wavelength of the first color light L1 is greater than the wavelength of the second color light L2.

[0093] In the second light adjustment component 3, the fourth grating layer 31 is used to deflect the first color light L1, and the fifth grating layer 32 is used to deflect the second color light L2. The thickness of the fourth grating layer 31 and the thickness of the fifth grating layer 32 may be equal or may not be equal.

[0094] In the second light adjustment component 1, the value of λ1 / cosθ21 corresponding to the first color light L1 and the value of λ2 / cosθ22 corresponding to the second color light L2 have an error not higher than 10%. Combining that the wavelength of the first color light L1 is greater than the wavelength of the second color light L2, θ21 < θ22. The fourth grating layer 31 is located on the side of the fifth grating layer 32 away from the liquid crystal module 2, which can reduce the possibility of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 crossing after being emitted from the liquid crystal module 2, thereby reducing the mixing and overlapping between the first color light L1 and the second color light L2, and further reducing the crosstalk between the first color light L1 and the second color light L2.

[0095] Further, continue to refer to Figure 10 , the thicknesses of the fourth grating layer 31 and the fifth grating layer 32 along the first direction X are equal.

[0096] The first color light L1 will be deflected by the fourth grating layer 31, and the second color light L2 will be deflected by the fifth grating layer 32. Since the thicknesses of the fourth grating layer 31 and the fifth grating layer 32 along the first direction X are equal, the optical paths of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 before the liquid crystal module 2 are basically the same. Therefore, the possibility of chromatic dispersion generated by the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 can also be reduced. In addition, the fourth grating layer 31 and the fifth grating layer 32 have the same thickness, which is convenient for manufacturing the fourth grating layer 31 and the fifth grating layer 32, and is also convenient for determining the optical paths of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2.

[0097] Figure 11 It is another schematic optical path diagram of the second light adjustment component of the liquid crystal grating according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0098] Please refer to Figure 11 , considering that the liquid crystal grating according to the embodiment of the present application is used to deflect the light emitted by the display panel, taking the light emitted by the display panel as white light as an example for illustration, where the white light is composed of red light, green light, and blue light. The first color light L1 can be red light, the second color light L2 can be green light, and the third color light L3 can be blue light.

[0099] The deflection angle of the second light adjustment component 3 for the third color light L3 is θ23, and the wavelength corresponding to the maximum peak intensity in the emission spectrum of the third color light L3 is the third wavelength λ3. Among them,

[0100] 0.9 ≤ (λ1 / cosθ21) / (λ3 / cosθ23) ≤ 1.1;

[0101] 0.9 ≤ (λ2 / cosθ22) / (λ3 / cosθ23) ≤ 1.1.

[0102] In the above settings, the error among the values of λ1 / cosθ21 corresponding to the first color light L1, the value of λ2 / cosθ22 corresponding to the second color light L2, and the value of λ3 / cosθ23 corresponding to the third color light L3 is not higher than 10%. This makes the structure of the second dimming component 3 closer to that of the first dimming component 1, thereby further reducing the influence of the difference between the first dimming component 1 and the second dimming component 3 on the total deflection angle of the first color light L1. It can also reduce the influence of the difference between the first dimming component 1 and the second dimming component 3 on the total deflection angle of the second color light L2, and can also reduce the influence of the difference between the first dimming component 1 and the second dimming component 3 on the total deflection angle of the third color light L3. The deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the total deflection angle of the first color light L1. At the same time, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 determines the total deflection angle of the second color light L2. At the same time, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the third color light L3 determines the total deflection angle of the third color light L3. Therefore, when the absolute value of the difference in the deflection angles of the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 at the liquid crystal module 2 becomes smaller, the absolute value of the difference in the third emission angles of the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 becomes smaller. Therefore, the grating component in the embodiment of the present application weakens the dispersion phenomenon.

[0103] Further, continue to refer to Figure 11 , λ1 / cosθ21 = λ2 / cosθ22 = λ3 / cosθ23.

[0104] It can make the structure of the second dimming component 3 closer to that of the first dimming component 1, thereby further reducing the influence of the difference between the first dimming component 1 and the second dimming component 3 on the total deflection angle of the first color light L1. It can also reduce the influence of the difference between the first dimming component 1 and the second dimming component 3 on the total deflection angle of the second color light L2, and can also reduce the influence of the difference between the first dimming component 1 and the second dimming component 3 on the total deflection angle of the third color light L3. The deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the total deflection angle of the first color light L1. The deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 determines the total deflection angle of the second color light L2. The deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the third color light L3 determines the third emission angle of the third color light L3. Therefore, the third emission angles of the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 are all equal. Therefore, the present application can further weaken the dispersion phenomenon. It should be noted that the "equality" mentioned above is not absolute equality, and errors caused by the process are allowed.

[0105] The second light adjustment component 3 further includes a sixth grating layer 33. The sixth grating layer 33 is located on the side of the fifth grating layer 32 close to the liquid crystal module 2. The sixth grating layer 33 has a deflecting effect on the third color light L3, and the wavelength of the third color light L3 is less than the wavelength of the second color light L2.

[0106] The first grating layer 11 can have the same structure as the fourth grating layer 31, the second grating layer 12 can have the same structure as the fifth grating layer 32, and the third grating layer 13 can have the same structure as the sixth grating layer 33. Thus, the structural complexity of the liquid crystal grating in the embodiment of the present application is reduced, which will not be elaborated here. Figure 12 It is a schematic optical path diagram of a liquid crystal module of the liquid crystal grating in the embodiment of the present application.

[0107] Further, please refer to Figure 12 , the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 is θ31, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 is θ32; wherein,

[0108] 0.9 ≤ θ31 / θ32 ≤ 1.1.

[0109] The first color light L1 and the second color light L2 are deflected by the first light adjustment component 1 and enter the liquid crystal module 2 at different incident angles. Since 0.9 ≤ θ31 / θ32 ≤ 1.1, the deflection angles of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 in the liquid crystal module 2 are not very different, and the error between the two is not higher than 10%. The deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the total deflection angle of the first color light L1, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 determines the total deflection angle of the second color light L2, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the third color light L3 determines the third exit angle of the third color light L3. Since the deflection angles of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 in the liquid crystal module 2 are not very different, the third exit angles of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 are not very different, thereby weakening the degree of chromatic dispersion. When the liquid crystal grating in the embodiment of the present application is used in a display device, the display effect at a large viewing angle can be improved.

[0110] Further, continue to refer to Figure 12 , θ31 = θ32, the deflection angles of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 in the liquid crystal module 2 are equal, and the third exit angles of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 are equal, thereby greatly reducing the degree of chromatic dispersion.

[0111] Further, continue to refer to Figure 12 , the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the third color light L3 is θ33; wherein,

[0112] 0.9 ≤ θ31 / θ33 ≤ 1.1, 0.9 ≤ θ32 / θ33 ≤ 1.1.

[0113] The first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 are deflected by the first light adjustment component 1 and enter the liquid crystal module 2 at different incident angles. Since 0.9 ≤ θ31 / θ33 ≤ 1.1 and 0.9 ≤ θ32 / θ33 ≤ 1.1, the deflection angles of the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 in the liquid crystal module 2 are not very different, and the error between the two is not higher than 10%. The deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the total deflection angle of the first color light L1, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 determines the total deflection angle of the second color light L2, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the third color light L3 determines the third emission angle of the third color light L3. Therefore, the third emission angles of the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 are not very different, thereby weakening the degree of dispersion. When the liquid crystal grating of the embodiment of the present application is used in a display device, the display effect at a large viewing angle can be improved.

[0114] Further, θ31 = θ32 = θ33. The deflection angles of the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light in the liquid crystal module 2 are equal, and the third emission angles of the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 are equal, thereby greatly reducing the degree of dispersion.

[0115] Figure 13 It is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal module of the liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0116] Further, please refer to Figure 13 and combine with Figure 12 , the liquid crystal module 2 includes liquid crystal molecules 21 arranged periodically along the extending direction of the liquid crystal module 2; the period length of the liquid crystal molecules 21 is P; wherein,

[0117] 0.95 ≤ arcsin[λ1 / (P·cosθ11)] / arcsin[λ2 / (P·cosθ12)] ≤ 1.05.

[0118] The liquid crystal module 2 deflects the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 through the periodically arranged liquid crystal molecules 21. Among them, sinθ31 = λ1 / (P·cosθ11), sinθ32 = λ2 / (P·cosθ12). Therefore, in the embodiments of the present application, 0.9 ≤ θ31 / θ32 ≤ 1.1. That is to say, the deflection angles of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 in the liquid crystal module 2 are not very different. The deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the total deflection angle of the first color light L1, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 determines the total deflection angle of the second color light L2. Therefore, the third emission angles of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 are not very different, thereby reducing the degree of dispersion.

[0119] Furthermore, arcsin[λ1 / (P·cosθ11)] = arcsin[λ2 / (P·cosθ12)]. Since sinθ31 = λ1 / (P·cosθ11), sinθ32 = λ2 / (P·cosθ12), so, θ31 = θ32. The deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the total deflection angle of the first color light L1, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 determines the total deflection angle of the second color light L2. So that the third emission angles of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 are equal, thereby further reducing the degree of dispersion.

[0120] Furthermore, 0.95 ≤ arcsin[λ1 / (P·cosθ11)] / arcsin[λ2 / (P·cosθ13)] ≤ 1.05;

[0121] 0.95 ≤ arcsin[λ1 / (P·cosθ12)] / arcsin[λ2 / (P·cosθ13)] ≤ 1.05.

[0122] The liquid crystal module 2 deflects the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 through the periodically arranged liquid crystal molecules 21. Among them, sinθ31 = λ1 / (P·cosθ11), sinθ32 = λ2 / (P·cosθ12), sinθ33 = λ3 / (P·cosθ13). Therefore, in the embodiments of the present application, 0.9 ≤ θ31 / θ33 ≤ 1.1, 0.9 ≤ θ32 / θ33 ≤ 1.1. That is to say, the deflection angles of the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 in the liquid crystal module 2 are not very different. The deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the total deflection angle of the first color light L1, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 determines the total deflection angle of the second color light L2, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the third color light L3 determines the third emission angle of the third color light L3. Therefore, the third emission angles of the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 are not very different, thereby weakening the degree of dispersion.

[0123] Further, arcsin[λ1 / (P·cosθ11)] = arcsin[λ2 / (P·cosθ12)]

[0124] = arcsin[λ2 / (P·cosθ13). Since sinθ31 = λ1 / (P·cosθ11), sinθ32 = λ2 / (P·cosθ12), sinθ33 = λ3 / (P·cosθ13), so, θ31 = θ32 = θ33. The deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the first color light L1 determines the total deflection angle of the first color light L1, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the second color light L2 determines the total deflection angle of the second color light L2, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module 2 for the third color light L3 determines the third emission angle of the third color light L3. The third emission angles of the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 are equal, thereby further weakening the degree of dispersion.

[0125] Figure 14 It is a schematic structural diagram of a display system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0126] Please refer to Figure 14 , the embodiments of the present application also provide a display system, which can be used as a holographic display system. The display system includes: a grating component 100, and the grating component 100 includes the liquid crystal grating of the foregoing embodiments of the present application; a display component 200, the liquid crystal grating is located on the light-emitting side of the display component 200, and the display component 200 is located on the side of the first light adjustment component 1 away from the liquid crystal module 2.

[0127] The display component 200 is located on the side of the first light adjustment component 1 away from the liquid crystal module 2, and the light of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 is emitted toward the first light adjustment component 1. After being deflected by the liquid crystal grating in the aforementioned embodiment of the present application, the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 are emitted from the liquid crystal grating. By using the liquid crystal grating in the aforementioned embodiment of the present application, the absolute value of the difference between the exit angles of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 can be reduced, thereby reducing the degree of dispersion and improving the display effect of the display system in the embodiment of the present application.

[0128] Figure 15 A structural schematic diagram of a display component of a display system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0129] Figure 16 for Figure 15 An enlarged view of the display component of the display system of an embodiment of the present application in the middle E area.

[0130] See also Figure 15 and Figure 16 , Figure 16 An example of the first pixel unit 211, the second pixel unit 212 and the third pixel unit 213 is given in the figure, which should not be considered as a limitation on the specific arrangement of the first pixel unit 211, the second pixel unit 212 and the third pixel unit 213. The display component 200 includes a plurality of pixels 210 arranged in an array, the pixel 210 includes a plurality of first pixel units 211 and second pixel units 212, the first color light L1 is emitted from the first pixel unit 211 to the grating component 100, and the second color light L2 is emitted from the second pixel unit 212 to the grating component 100. The pixel 210 may also include a third pixel unit 213, and the third color light L3 is emitted from the third pixel unit 213 to the grating component 100.

[0131] The pixels 210 of the display component 200 are arranged in an array, wherein the first color light L1 is emitted from the first pixel unit 211 to the grating component 100, and the second color light L2 is emitted from the second pixel unit 212 to the grating component 100. The display component 200 may include an organic light emitting diode display panel (OLED), a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), or a micro light emitting diode display panel (Micro-LED). The light emitted by the display component 200 is white light as an example for explanation, wherein the white light is composed of red light, green light, and blue light. The red light is emitted from the first pixel unit 211 to the grating component 100, the green light is emitted from the second pixel unit 212 to the grating component 100, and the blue light is emitted from the third pixel unit 213 to the grating component 100.

[0132] Further, see Figure 15 and Figure 16, the liquid crystal module 2 includes liquid crystal molecules 21 arranged periodically along the extending direction of the liquid crystal module 2; within the pixel 210, the center distance between the first pixel unit 211 and the second pixel unit 212 is D12, and the period length of the liquid crystal molecules 21 is P; wherein,

[0133] P > D12 > 0.

[0134] In the liquid crystal module 2, the liquid crystal molecules 21 with different deflection directions are arranged periodically along the extending direction of the liquid crystal module 2, so that there is a minimum period length in the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 21 in the liquid crystal module 2. Within the pixel 210, the center distance D12 between the first pixel unit 211 and the second pixel unit 212 is less than the period length P of the liquid crystal molecules 21 in the liquid crystal module 2. That is to say, the first pixel unit 211 and the second pixel unit 212 of the same pixel 210 should be emitted from the same liquid crystal arrangement period, so as to reduce the absolute value of the difference in the deflection angles of the first color light L1 and the second color light L2 corresponding to the same pixel 210 by the liquid crystal module 2, and further reduce the degree of dispersion generated by the first pixel unit 211 and the second pixel unit 212 within the same pixel 210, and improve the display effect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0135] The pixel 210 may further include a third pixel unit 213. Among the first pixel unit 211, the second pixel unit 212, and the third pixel unit 213, the center distance between any two of them is less than the period of the liquid crystal molecules 21. So that the first pixel unit 211, the second pixel unit 212, and the third pixel unit 213 of the same pixel 210 should be emitted from the same liquid crystal arrangement period, so as to reduce the absolute value of the difference in the deflection angles of the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 corresponding to the same pixel 210 by the liquid crystal module 2, and further reduce the degree of dispersion generated within the same pixel 210, and improve the display effect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0136] In summary, the embodiments of the present application provide a liquid crystal grating and a display system. In the liquid crystal grating, a first light adjustment component and a second light adjustment component are respectively arranged on both sides of the liquid crystal module. The deflection angle of the first light adjustment component for the first color light is θ11, and the deflection angle of the first light adjustment component for the second color light is θ12. The wavelength corresponding to the maximum peak intensity in the emission spectrum of the first color light is the first wavelength λ1, and the wavelength corresponding to the maximum peak intensity in the emission spectrum of the second color light is the second wavelength λ2; wherein, 0.9 ≤ (λ1 / cosθ11) / (λ2 / cosθ12) ≤ 1.1. For the first color light and the second color light, after being deflected by the first light adjustment component, the incident angles when entering the liquid crystal module are different. After being deflected by the liquid crystal module, the first color light and the second color light are deflected by the second light adjustment component and then emitted, which can reduce the difference in the final emission directions of the first color light and the second color light, thereby weakening chromatic dispersion and improving the display effect.

[0137] As described above, the above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal grating, characterized in that, it includes a first light modulation component, a liquid crystal module, and a second light modulation component stacked in a first direction, and the liquid crystal module is located between the first light modulation component and the second light modulation component; the deflection angle of the first light modulation component for the first color light is θ11, the deflection angle of the first light modulation component for the second color light is θ12, the wavelength corresponding to the maximum peak intensity in the emission spectrum of the first color light is the first wavelength λ1, and the wavelength corresponding to the maximum peak intensity in the emission spectrum of the second color light is the second wavelength λ2; wherein, 0.9 ≤ (λ1 / cosθ11) / (λ2 / cosθ12) ≤ 1.

1.

2. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 1, characterized in that, λ1 / cosθ11 = λ2 / cosθ12.

3. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first light modulation component includes a first grating layer and a second grating layer, the first grating layer is located on the side of the second grating layer close to the liquid crystal module, the first grating layer has a deflection effect on the first color light, the second grating layer has a deflection effect on the second color light, and the wavelength of the first color light is greater than the wavelength of the second color light.

4. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 3, characterized in that, the first grating layer includes a plurality of first crystal planes arranged side by side, and the first crystal plane is inclined relative to the plane where the first grating layer is located; the second grating layer includes a plurality of second crystal planes arranged side by side, and the second crystal plane is inclined relative to the plane where the second grating layer is located; the inclination angle of the first crystal plane is α1, the distance between adjacent first crystal planes is D1, and the preset wavelength of the first grating layer is λ01; wherein, D1·cosα1 = N·λ01, N is a positive integer; 0.95 ≤ λ1 / λ01 ≤ 1.05; the inclination angle of the second crystal plane is α2, the distance between adjacent second crystal planes is D2, and the preset wavelength of the second grating layer is λ02; wherein, D2·cosα2 = N·λ02, N is a positive integer; 0.95 ≤ λ2 / λ02 ≤ 1.

05.

5. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 3, characterized in that, the thicknesses of the first grating layer and the second grating layer in the first direction are equal.

6. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 1, characterized in that, the deflection angle of the first light modulation component for the third color light is θ13, and the wavelength corresponding to the maximum peak intensity in the emission spectrum of the third color light is the third wavelength λ3; wherein, 0.9 ≤ (λ1 / cosθ11) / (λ3 / cosθ13) ≤ 1.1; 0.9 ≤ (λ2 / cosθ12) / (λ3 / cosθ13) ≤ 1.

1.

7. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 1, characterized in that, the deflection angle of the second light modulation component for the first color light is θ21, and the deflection angle of the second light modulation component for the second color light is θ22; wherein, 0.9 ≤ (λ1 / cosθ21) / (λ2 / cosθ22) ≤ 1.1。 8. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 7, wherein, the second light regulating component includes a fourth grating layer and a fifth grating layer, the fourth grating layer is located on a side of the fifth grating layer away from the liquid crystal module; the fourth grating layer has a deflecting effect on the first color light, and the fifth grating layer has a deflecting effect on the second color light; the wavelength of the first color light is greater than the wavelength of the second color light.

9. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 8, wherein, the fourth grating layer and the fifth grating layer have equal thicknesses along the first direction.

10. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 1, wherein, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module for the first color light is θ31, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module for the second color light is θ32; wherein, 0.9 ≤ θ31 / θ32 ≤ 1.

1.

11. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 10, wherein, the liquid crystal module includes liquid crystal molecules periodically arranged along the extending direction of the liquid crystal module; the period length of the liquid crystal molecules is P; wherein, 0.95 ≤ arcsin[λ1 / (P·cosθ11)] / arcsin[λ2 / (P·cosθ12)] ≤ 1.

05.

12. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 10, wherein, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal module for the third color light is θ33; wherein, 0.9 ≤ θ31 / θ33 ≤ 1.1, 0.9 ≤ θ32 / θ33 ≤ 1.

1.

13. A display system, wherein, comprises: a grating component, the grating component includes the liquid crystal grating according to any one of claims 1 to 12; a display component, the liquid crystal grating is located on a light-emitting side of the display component, and the display component is located on a side of the first light regulating component away from the liquid crystal module.

14. The display system according to claim 13, wherein, the display component includes a plurality of pixels arranged in an array, the pixels include a plurality of first pixel units and second pixel units, the first color light is emitted from the first pixel units to the grating component, and the second color light is emitted from the second pixel units to the grating component.

15. The display system according to claim 14, wherein, the liquid crystal module includes liquid crystal molecules periodically arranged along the extending direction of the liquid crystal module; inside the pixel, the center distance between the first pixel unit and the second pixel unit is D12, and the period length of the liquid crystal molecules is P; wherein, P > D12 > 0.

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