Adjustable constant angle threshing tooth plate and fixed-area air-blowing pre-cutting grain combing device

Abstract

The adjustable-angle threshing tooth plate and fixed-area air-blowing pre-harvest grain combing device belongs to agricultural machinery. The device frame is supported by a central shaft and equipped with: ① a combing mechanism consisting of a drive shaft sleeve, drive pulley, drive disc, barrel-type combing tooth plate seat, combing tooth plate, left spoke, right spoke, arc-shaped front baffle, and arc-shaped rear baffle ventilation plate; ② a fixed-area air-blowing mechanism consisting of an air inlet cylinder, grooved pressure air box, arc-shaped protrusion, barrel-type combing tooth plate seat, spring seat, pressure spring, T-shaped sealing plate, top column, ball bearings, and air blower; and ③ a constant-angle adjustment mechanism for the threshing tooth plate consisting of an adjusting wheel, adjusting shaft sleeve, adjusting disc, sun gear, intermediate gear, planetary gear, barrel-type combing tooth plate seat, combing tooth plate, and fastening screw. This device has a unique and reasonable structure, minimizing grain splashing and loss during combing, resulting in a high harvest recovery rate. It is adaptable to different rice varieties, has strong grain combing capabilities, is easy and convenient to adjust, and is reliable in use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and mainly relates to an operating device for combing and removing rice grains before harvesting. Background Technology

[0002] Rice threshing before harvest is a harvesting method in which rice grains are removed from the stalks of rice plants while they are still standing in the paddy field. Compared with the traditional method of first cutting the rice stalks with rice ears from the field and then using a clamping semi-feeding or full-feeding method for threshing, this threshing method has the advantages of simple structure and high harvesting efficiency. It has been a research focus of agricultural machinery technicians in recent years. The "grain threshing and picking mechanism before harvest" from Northeast Agricultural University and the "a negative pressure suction type pre-harvest threshing harvester" designed by Qin Chaoxue et al. are both operating mechanisms or machines for realizing rice threshing before harvest. However, in years of scientific research and experimentation, due to deficiencies and defects in structural design, the above-mentioned mechanisms or equipment all have technical problems such as large losses of rice grains splashing and falling after being removed from the rice plant stems standing in the field, poor adaptability, high yield but not profitable, and cannot adapt to and meet the requirements of rice pre-harvest harvesting operations. The promotion and application of pre-harvest threshing agronomic methods and pre-harvest threshing machinery and equipment have been affected and restricted. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art and, in combination with the current needs of rice grain combing operations before harvesting, to develop and design a new structure of a pre-harvest grain combing device with a constant angle adjustable threshing tooth plate and a fixed-area air-blowing mechanism. This device aims to significantly reduce and minimize grain splashing and loss during combing, thereby achieving high yields and improved adaptability.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: A supporting central shaft is fixedly mounted on a device frame. An adjusting sleeve is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatable on the left side of the supporting central shaft. An adjusting wheel and an adjusting disc are fixedly mounted on the left and right ends of the adjusting sleeve, respectively. Multiple adjusting holes A are formed along the axial direction on the adjusting sleeve. Multiple adjusting holes B, equal in number to the adjusting holes A, are formed in a spiral pattern on the supporting central shaft. The multiple adjusting holes A are respectively fixedly engaged with the corresponding adjusting holes B by locking pins. A sun gear is fixedly mounted on the right end of the adjusting disc. The driving sleeve is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatable. A drive pulley and a drive disc are rotatably mounted on the outside of an adjusting bushing. A drive pulley and a drive disc are fixedly mounted on the left and right ends of the drive bushing, respectively. Multiple fixing holes are axially formed on the drive pulley, and these holes are sequentially engaged with elongated through holes on the device frame via the insertion of pins. Two fastening screws are coaxially mounted on the device frame, and these screws are either clamped or disengaged from the pins inserted into the fixing holes and elongated through holes. An intermediate gear is rotatably mounted on the drive disc via a shaft, and this intermediate gear meshes with a sun gear. The device frame is also fixed with... The system comprises a grooved housing that encloses the drive disc, adjusting disc, sun gear, and intermediate gear. A grooved pressure air box is fixedly mounted on the right side of the supporting central shaft. Air inlets are interconnected and mounted on the grooved pressure air box. An arc-shaped protrusion is fixed to the inner wall of the bottom plate of the grooved pressure air box. A left and right spoke are axially and radially positioned and rotatably mounted on the left and right sides of the central support shaft, between the grooved housing and the grooved pressure air box. The right spoke completely encloses the grooved pressure air box. A barrel-shaped comb tooth plate seat rotatably supports the circular through-hole inserted into the drive disc. On the inner, left and right spokes, planetary gears and combing plates are fixed on the left and middle parts of the barrel combing plate seat, respectively. The planetary gears mesh with the middle gears, and the transmission ratio between the planetary gears and the sun gears is 1:1. Multiple rows of air blowers are installed on the barrel wall of the barrel combing plate seat. An arc-shaped front baffle is fixed on the middle front part of the support center shaft, located on the radial inner part of the barrel combing plate seat. An arc-shaped rear baffle with multiple air holes is installed on the inner rear part of the grooved pressure air box, located on the radial outer part of the barrel combing plate seat.A spring seat is fixedly installed in the right end cavity of the barrel-type comb tooth plate seat. A T-shaped sealing plate is radially and circumferentially positioned and axially movable within the barrel cavity of the barrel-type comb tooth plate seat through a snap-fit ​​engagement with grooves on the inner wall of the seat. Two sides of a pressure spring are respectively fitted onto the spring seat and the T-shaped sealing plate. A top column is fixedly installed to the T-shaped sealing plate. A ventilation gap is left between the top column and the air inlet in the barrel-type comb tooth plate seat. The T-shaped sealing plate and the air inlet are in a closed contact engagement or a disengaged contact engagement. A ball bearing is rotatably installed on the right end of the top column. The ball bearing and the arc-shaped protrusion are in a pressing contact engagement or a disengaged contact engagement. This constitutes a constant-angle adjustable threshing tooth plate and a fixed-area air-blowing pre-cutting grain combing device.

[0005] This invention enables the constant angle adjustment of the rice grain threshing tooth plate and the directional air-blowing conveying of rice grains after combing. It features a novel, unique, and reasonable structure, minimizes rice grain splashing and loss during combing, achieves a high harvest recovery rate, has strong combing ability for different rice varieties, is easy to adjust and operate, and is reliable in use. It provides technical support for the promotion and application of rice pre-harvest threshing technology and machinery. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the grain combing device for pre-cutting grains with adjustable constant angle threshing teeth and fixed-area air blowing.

[0007] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The right-hand view;

[0008] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The left-hand view;

[0009] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Sectional view along line A-A;

[0010] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Sectional view along line B-B;

[0011] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Partial cross-sectional view along line C-C after the trough-type box body has been removed;

[0012] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the drive shaft sleeve, drive pulley, drive disc, and pin.

[0013] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The right-hand view;

[0014] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 The left-hand view;

[0015] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting central axis structure;

[0016] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the adjusting shaft assembly;

[0017] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the comb tooth plate, the barrel-type comb tooth plate seat, and the air blower.

[0018] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake structure;

[0019] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Enlarged view of section D;

[0020] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 E-E cross-section;

[0021] Figure 16 yes Figure 14 F-F sectional view.

[0022] Part number description in the image:

[0023] 1. Trough-type housing; 2. Drive shaft sleeve; 3. Drive pulley; 4. Adjusting shaft sleeve; 5. Adjusting wheel; 6. Adjusting hole A; 7. Fastening screw; 8. Device frame; 9. Air blower; 10. Arc-shaped front baffle; 11. Support center shaft; 12. Trough-type pressure air box; 13. Arc-shaped rear vent plate; 14. Barrel-type comb tooth plate seat; 15. Comb tooth plate; 16. Air inlet; 17. Long strip-shaped through hole; 18. 19. Fixed hole, planetary gear, 20. drive disc, 21. intermediate gear, 22. adjustment hole B, 23. adjustment disc, 24. sun gear, 25. column shaft, 26. left spoke, 27. top column, 28. ball bearing, 29. right spoke, 30. arc-shaped protrusion, 31. circular through hole, 32. air inlet, 33. T-shaped sealing plate, 34. pressure spring, 35. spring seat, 36. groove. Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. A threshing device with adjustable constant angle threshing teeth and pre-cutting grain combing with fixed-area air blowing includes a support central shaft 11 fixedly mounted on a device frame 8. An adjusting sleeve 4 is axially and radially positioned and rotatably mounted on the left side of the support central shaft 11. Adjusting wheels 5 and adjusting discs 23 are fixedly mounted on the left and right ends of the adjusting sleeve 4, respectively. Multiple adjusting holes A6 are formed along the axial direction on the adjusting sleeve 4. Multiple adjusting holes B22, equal in number to the adjusting holes A6, are formed in a spiral pattern on the support central shaft 11. The multiple adjusting holes A6 are fixedly engaged with the corresponding adjusting holes B22 by locking pins. A sun gear 24 is fixedly mounted on the right end of the adjusting disc 23. The drive sleeve 2 is axially and radially positioned and rotatably mounted. A drive pulley 3 and a drive disc 20 are rotatably mounted on the outside of the adjusting bushing 4. The drive pulley 3 and drive disc 20 are fixedly mounted on the left and right ends of the drive bushing 2, respectively. Multiple fixing holes 18 are axially formed on the drive pulley 3. These fixing holes 18 are sequentially fixedly engaged with elongated through holes 17 formed on the device frame 8 by the insertion of pins. Two fastening screws 7 are coaxially mounted on the device frame 8, and these screws are either clamped or disengaged from the pins inserted into the fixing holes 18 and elongated through holes 17. An intermediate gear 21 is rotatably mounted on the drive disc 20 via a column shaft 25. The intermediate gear 21 meshes with a sun gear 24. A slotted housing is fixedly mounted on the device frame 8. 1. The grooved housing 1 encloses the drive disc 20, adjusting disc 23, sun gear 24, and intermediate gear 21 as a whole. A grooved pressure air box 12 is fixedly mounted on the right side of the supporting central shaft 11. An air inlet cylinder 16 is installed on the grooved pressure air box 12 in interconnection. An arc-shaped protrusion 30 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the bottom wall plate of the grooved pressure air box 12. A left spoke 26 and a right spoke 29 are axially and radially positioned and rotatably mounted on the left and right sides of the central support shaft 11 between the grooved housing 1 and the grooved pressure air box 12, respectively. The right spoke 29 completely encloses the grooved pressure air box 12. A barrel-shaped comb tooth plate seat 14 rotatably supports the circular through hole inserted into the drive disc 20. Planetary gears 19 and comb plates 15 are fixedly mounted on the left and middle parts of the barrel comb plate seat 14, respectively, on the inner and left spokes 26 and right spokes 29. The planetary gears 19 mesh with the intermediate gear 21. The transmission ratio between the planetary gears 19 and the sun gear 24 is 1:1. Multiple rows of air blowers 9 are installed on the barrel wall of the barrel comb plate seat 14. An arc-shaped front baffle 10 is fixedly mounted on the middle front part of the support center shaft 11, located on the radial inner part of the barrel comb plate seat 14. An arc-shaped rear baffle 13 with multiple air holes is installed on the inner rear part of the grooved pressure air box 12, located on the radial outer part of the barrel comb plate seat 14.A spring seat 35 is fixedly installed in the right end cavity of the barrel-type comb tooth plate seat 14. A T-shaped sealing plate 33 is radially and circumferentially positioned and axially movable within the barrel cavity of the barrel-type comb tooth plate seat 14 by engaging with a groove 36 on the inner wall of the barrel-type comb tooth plate seat 14. Two sides of a pressure spring 34 are respectively fitted onto the spring seat 35 and the T-shaped sealing plate 33. A top post 27 is fixedly installed with the T-shaped sealing plate 33. A ventilation gap is left between the top post 27 and the air inlet 32 ​​inside the barrel-type comb tooth plate seat 14. The T-shaped sealing plate 33 and the air inlet 32 ​​are in a closed contact or open contact engagement. A ball bearing 28 is rotatably installed on the right end of the top post 27. The ball bearing 28 is in a pressing contact or open contact engagement with the arc-shaped protrusion 30.

[0025] When using the combing operation, first determine the appropriate combing tilt angle of the combing tooth plate 15. Then, insert locking pins into the corresponding adjusting holes A6 and B22 to secure the adjusting sleeve 4, adjusting wheel 5, adjusting disc 23, sun gear 24, and supporting central shaft 11 together. Next, external rotational power is input to cause the drive pulley 3, drive sleeve 2, and drive disc 20 to rotate around the supporting central shaft 11. This is achieved through the barrel-shaped combing tooth plate seat 14 inserted into the drive disc 20 and the column shaft 25 fixed to the drive disc 20. The planetary gear 19 and intermediate gear 21 revolve around the supporting central axis 11, while the planetary gear 19 rotates under the control of the sun gear 24 and intermediate gear 21. Based on the 1:1 transmission ratio between the planetary gear 19 and the sun gear 24, the angular change during the circular motion of the barrel-type comb tooth plate seat 14 is offset, achieving constant angular rotation of the comb tooth plate 15 fixed on the barrel-type comb tooth plate seat 14. The comb tooth plate 15, inserted above the standing rice stalks, combs the grains off the rice ears. At this time, the arc-shaped front baffle 10 blocks the combed rice grains outside the combing tooth plate 15, completing the combing operation; simultaneously, the barrel-shaped combing tooth plate seat 14, which rotates around the support central axis 11, drives the left spoke 26 and the right spoke 29 to rotate on the support central axis 11. When the ball bearing 28 at the right end of the barrel-shaped combing tooth plate seat 14 contacts the arc-shaped protrusion 30, the top column 27 drives the T-shaped sealing plate 33 to move to the left in the cavity of the barrel-shaped combing tooth plate seat 14, opening the air inlet 32, and external pressurized gas is introduced through... The air inlet cylinder 16 and the grooved pressure air box 12 fill the cavity of the barrel-shaped comb tooth plate seat 14. The pressurized gas is blown through the air blower 9 towards the arc-shaped rear vent plate 13. The gas is then blown through multiple vents on the arc-shaped rear vent plate 13 towards the combed rice grains located on the outer side and above the outer side of the arc-shaped rear vent plate 13, and sent to the conveying device of the machine. When the ball bearing 28 disengages from contact with the arc-shaped protrusion 30, the T-shaped sealing plate 33 moves to the right under the action of the pressure spring 34, closing the air inlet 32, thus completing the multi-angle fixed-area air blowing operation. Since the arc-shaped rear vent plate 13 is located outside the comb tooth plate 15, the blowing effect is greatly improved.

[0026] When adjusting the combing angle of the combing tooth plate 15 for different varieties of rice, first pull out the locking pins inserted in the adjustment holes A6 and B22, then insert the pin into the elongated through hole 17 on the device frame 8 and the fixing hole 18 on the drive pulley 3, and use the fastening screw 7 installed on the device frame 8 to tighten the pin in place, thus fixing the drive pulley 3, drive bushing 2, drive disc 20, planetary gear 19 and intermediate gear 21. At this time, the planetary gear 19 and intermediate gear 21 can only move forward. The drive shaft rotates on its own axis but cannot revolve around the sun. Then, the adjusting wheel 5 rotates, which in turn drives the adjusting bushing 4 and the sun gear 24 to rotate. Through the intermediate gear 21 and the planetary gear 19, the barrel-type comb tooth plate seat 14 rotates, which in turn drives the comb tooth plate 15 to rotate, thus completing the combing angle adjustment. After the adjustment is completed, the pins inserted into the elongated through hole 17 and the fixing hole 18 are removed. Then, the locking pins are inserted into the adjusting hole A6 on the drive bushing 2 and the adjusting hole B22 on the support center shaft 11 and fixed, thus completing the combing angle adjustment.

Claims

1. A threshing device with adjustable constant angle threshing teeth and fixed-area air-blowing pre-cutting grain combing, characterized in that: A support center shaft (11) is fixedly mounted on the device frame (8). An adjusting sleeve (4) is axially and radially positioned and rotatably mounted on the left side of the support center shaft (11). An adjusting wheel (5) and an adjusting disc (23) are fixedly mounted on the left and right ends of the adjusting sleeve (4), respectively. Multiple adjusting holes A (6) are opened on the adjusting sleeve (4) along the axial direction. Multiple adjusting holes B (22) with the same number as adjusting holes A (6) are opened on the support center shaft (11) in a spiral shape. The plurality of adjusting holes A (6) are respectively fixedly engaged with the corresponding adjusting holes B (22) by locking pins, and a sun gear (24) is fixedly mounted on the right end of the adjusting disc (23); the drive bushing (2) is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatable on the outside of the adjusting bushing (4), and the drive pulley (3) and the drive disc (20) are respectively fixedly mounted on the left and right ends of the drive bushing (2), and a plurality of fixing holes (18) are opened axially on the drive pulley (3), and the plurality of fixing holes (18) are fixedly mounted on the drive pulley (3). Hole (18) is fixedly engaged with elongated through hole (17) on device frame (8) by the insertion of pins. Two fastening screws (7) are coaxially mounted on device frame (8). The two fastening screws (7) are clamped or disengaged from the pins inserted in the fixed hole (18) and elongated through hole (17). An intermediate gear (21) is rotatably mounted on drive disk (20) via shaft (25). The intermediate gear (21) is engaged with sun gear. The wheels (24) mesh with each other; a slotted box (1) is fixedly mounted on the device frame (8), the slotted box (1) encloses the drive disc (20), the adjustment disc (23), the sun gear (24) and the intermediate gear (21) as a whole; a slotted pressure air box (12) is fixedly mounted on the right side of the support center shaft (11), the air inlet cylinders (16) are installed on the slotted pressure air box (12) in interconnection, and an arc-shaped protrusion (30) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the bottom wall plate of the slotted pressure air box (12);On the supporting central shaft (11), at the left and right sides between the slotted box (1) and the slotted pressure air box (12), the left spoke (26) and the right spoke (29) are axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatable, respectively. The right spoke (29) completely encloses the slotted pressure air box (12). The barrel-type comb tooth plate seat (14) is rotatably supported and inserted into the circular through hole (31) of the drive disk (20) and on the left spoke (26) and the right spoke (29). On the left side of the barrel-type comb tooth plate seat (14) Planetary gears (19) and comb plates (15) are fixedly mounted on the middle part, respectively. The planetary gears (19) mesh with the intermediate gear (21). The transmission ratio between the planetary gears (19) and the sun gear (24) is 1:

1. Multiple rows of air blowers (9) are installed on the barrel wall of the barrel-type comb plate seat (14) in interconnection. An arc-shaped front baffle (10) is fixedly mounted on the middle front part of the support center shaft (11) and located on the radial inner part of the barrel-type comb plate seat (14). An arc-shaped rear vent plate (13) with multiple vent holes is installed on the inner rear side of the pressure air box (12) and on the radial outer side of the barrel comb tooth plate seat (14); a spring seat (35) is fixedly installed in the right end cavity of the barrel comb tooth plate seat (14); a T-shaped sealing plate (33) is radially and circumferentially positioned and axially movable in the barrel cavity of the barrel comb tooth plate seat (14) by engaging with the groove (36) on the inner wall of the barrel comb tooth plate seat (14); and the two sides of the pressure spring (34) are respectively fitted with Mounted on the spring seat (35) and the T-shaped sealing plate (33), the top post (27) is fixedly mounted to the T-shaped sealing plate (33). A ventilation gap is left between the top post (27) and the air inlet (32) in the barrel-type comb tooth plate seat (14). The T-shaped sealing plate (33) and the air inlet (32) are in a closed contact fit or a disengaged contact fit. A ball bearing (28) is rotatably mounted on the right end of the top post (27). The ball bearing (28) and the arc-shaped protrusion (30) are in a pressing contact fit or a disengaged contact fit.

Images