Hydraulically operable work device designed as a hand-held device

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulically operable work device having a hydraulic cylinder and a first sub-piston and a second sub-piston, which can be moved in a movement direction in the hydraulic cylinder, each of which has an action surface at its lower end, on which the hydraulic agent exerts; a piston rod is coupled to the hydraulic cylinder, which has a loading surface at its lower end, on which the sub-pistons exert, a return spring is mounted in the hydraulic cylinder, against which the sub-pistons move in the movement direction with a force; a work part is coupled to the piston rod and can be moved. The invention proposes that the loading surface is formed by a first partial loading surface and a second partial loading surface, the first sub-piston is designed to exert on the first partial loading surface, the second sub-piston is designed to exert on the second partial loading surface, and the first and second partial loading surfaces do not overlap each other in a direction transverse to the movement direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a hydraulically operable work device configured to perform a work process. The work device includes a hydraulic cylinder and at least one first sub-piston and at least one second sub-piston disposed within the hydraulic cylinder. These sub-pistons are movable within the hydraulic cylinder in a direction of movement when pressure is applied by a hydraulic fluid to perform the work process. Each sub-piston has a working surface at its lower end, which is acted upon by the hydraulic fluid. Furthermore, the same hydraulic pressure is applied to each of the sub-pistons on the working surface throughout the work process. A piston rod is also provided, coupled to the hydraulic cylinder. The piston rod has a loading surface at its lower end, and the sub-pistons are capable of applying force to the loading surface. Furthermore, the piston rod is independently positioned relative to the sub-pistons and can be loaded by only one sub-piston, or by multiple or all sub-pistons at the same time. Additionally, a return spring is installed in the hydraulic cylinder, and the sub-pistons are capable of moving in the direction of movement within the hydraulic cylinder under the pressure of the hydraulic fluid, reacting with the return spring. A working component is also provided, coupled to and thereby movable with the piston rod, and the sub-pistons are designed to apply force to the same working component. Background Technology

[0002] Such hydraulically operable work equipment is also preferably designed as a handheld device within the scope of this invention, as known from documents WO 2014 / 108361 A1 and US 2015 / 0364889 A1 (US 10 468 847 B2).

[0003] In known handheld devices, a second sub-piston is positioned within the first sub-piston in terms of its working surface, acting on the piston rod within a hydraulic cylinder. The first sub-piston penetrates the hydraulic cylinder and acts on the piston rod at its end outside the cylinder. This results in certain limitations. It also presents disadvantages, for example, during disassembly for maintenance purposes. The first sub-piston is relatively large. Furthermore, a first return spring supported within the hydraulic cylinder acts only on the first sub-piston, while the second sub-piston is loaded by a second return spring that acts between the first sub-piston and the piston rod. After complete compression, when hydraulic fluid flows out of the hydraulic cylinder again, the first sub-piston always retracts at least first. In practice, to place a new workpiece, at least the first sub-piston needs to retract almost completely, even if the new workpiece only has the dimensions of the previously compressed workpiece.

[0004] US 2,968,202 A discloses a hydraulically operated handheld device that also has first and second sub-pistons. However, when the first sub-piston moves to the stop, the second sub-piston is loaded with hydraulic fluid first, meaning that the first stage of the operation is completely completed. These sub-pistons also act on different piston rods.

[0005] Document US 2,863,346 A discloses a compression tool having stacked sub-pistons, each having its own piston rod. The two sub-pistons interact only when a known hydraulic pressure exceeds that of the first sub-piston.

[0006] A hydraulic piston / cylinder device with two hydraulic pistons is known from document FR 2 759 122 A1. These hydraulic pistons can achieve a large initial force and a relatively large speed during movement. The piston rods of each piston can only be loaded by their respective pistons. The loading of the piston rod of the upper second piston is associated with the upper end of the piston rod. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention, for example, utilizes hydraulically operable handheld devices known in the prior art that are capable of performing multi-stage compression.

[0008] Based on the prior art, and with reference to documents WO 2014 / 108361 A1 (US 2015 / 036489A1), the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hydraulically operable working device that allows for effective and advantageous multi-stage extrusion in a simple design.

[0009] The technical problem is solved by a hydraulically operable working device according to the present invention, wherein the loading surface constitutes a first partial loading surface and a second partial loading surface, a first sub-piston is designed to apply force to the first partial loading surface, and a second sub-piston is designed to apply force to the second partial loading surface, wherein the first and second partial loading surfaces do not overlap each other in the direction transverse to the direction of movement. Preferably, all partial loading surfaces are constructed so that they do not overlap each other in their projection along the direction of movement.

[0010] The piston rod can have a relatively simple design. Only a total loading surface is needed, which has all the local loading surfaces, without needing to consider the overlap of these local loading surfaces in the projection.

[0011] In another advantageous design, all loading surfaces are located within the hydraulic cylinder throughout the entire operation. This also facilitates the piston rod's passage through the cylinder head. Only the piston rod must pass through the cylinder head. The piston rod is coupled to the hydraulic cylinder in such a way that the main portion of the piston rod with respect to its loading surface and its length extends within the hydraulic cylinder, while another, preferably one-piece, working portion of the piston rod extends outside the hydraulic cylinder. Preferably, the cylinder head of the hydraulic cylinder is sealed through by the piston rod.

[0012] The piston rod can be loaded by all the sub-pistons simultaneously, especially at the start of the operation. However, the piston rod can also be loaded during the operation by only one sub-piston, or, if necessary, by a pair of sub-pistons or multiple associated sub-pistons (as will be further explained below).

[0013] Multiple sub-pistons are each loaded with hydraulic pressure by a hydraulic fluid. For this purpose, the first sub-piston has a first working surface, and each of the other sub-pistons has a different working surface.

[0014] These working surfaces are positioned as individual hydraulically effective surfaces in projection onto a plane transverse to the direction of movement. In some cases, the working surface is understood as the surface of another sub-piston passing through that working surface or a groove on the working surface.

[0015] The second working surface and, if necessary, additional working surfaces, and preferably each additional working surface, can be arranged within the first working surface.

[0016] The first, second, and additional action surfaces can correspond in the projection to the transmission surfaces constructed opposite each other on the respective sub-pistons, which are used for force transmission on the local transmission surfaces. It can also be stipulated that multiple transmission surfaces can be arranged nested within each other. Particularly in the design scheme with a stop flange, which will be further elaborated below, the surfaces constituting the action surfaces can overlap the surrounding surfaces of other sub-pistons. This portion is therefore typically the hydraulically ineffective part of the action surface, while the overlapping surface area is hydraulically effective. The outer edge of the action surface is understood as the hydraulically effective edge of the surface constituting the action surface.

[0017] One or more return springs may be provided for the sub-pistons. Preferably, only one return spring is provided. The sub-pistons can then be reset collectively, i.e., all sub-pistons, by the same return spring. This is particularly advantageous because the return movement of the piston rod can be easily interrupted and the subsequent compression can begin from this incomplete return position.

[0018] Preferably, the return spring applies force only directly between the hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod. Thus, it is preferable to apply force to one or more sub-pistons only directly via the piston rod.

[0019] The piston rod may have a loading flange for the return spring. Furthermore, one of the plurality of sub-pistons, preferably the first sub-piston, may have a sleeve. The sleeve may extend on the sub-piston toward the piston rod and toward the cylinder head. The loading flange of the piston rod may be arranged within the sleeve. In this embodiment, at least a portion of the return spring is housed within the sleeve.

[0020] The first sub-piston preferably has a first seal, which seals against the inner surface of the hydraulic cylinder. Here, the first sub-piston is understood as a sub-piston that, if necessary, is the only sub-piston in direct contact with the inner surface of the hydraulic cylinder. The first sub-piston may also have a second seal, which seals against the outer surface of a second or further sub-piston. The first sub-piston may also have multiple second seals for multiple other sub-pistons.

[0021] The first sub-piston has the seal for the one or more other sub-pistons, so that the second or other sub-pistons may not have their own seals. Preferably, only the innermost central sub-piston without its own seal is constructed, provided that these sub-pistons are arranged concentrically relative to each other.

[0022] Each sub-piston has a geometric central axis extending in the direction of movement. The geometric central axis is preferably an axis passing through the midpoint of the face of the sub-piston, with reference to the face provided by the outer edge of the sub-piston in the sense of the working surface, but relatedly, the other working surfaces of other sub-pistons that are located within the working surface in some cases are not considered.

[0023] According to the first design, these sub-pistons can be arranged such that multiple geometric central axes coincide. Preferably, the multiple sub-pistons are designed to be telescopically nested and guided within each other. Initially, these sub-pistons are the first sub-piston and the second sub-piston. However, it is also possible to involve more than two sub-pistons, which are telescopically nested and guided within the first sub-piston in the manner described above.

[0024] In an alternative design, which can be supplemented to the aforementioned design, a plurality of sub-pistons are provided, with their geometrical axes extending at intervals. This may involve sub-pistons arranged side-by-side in the projection. Each of the plurality of additional sub-pistons may be arranged in only one through-hole of the first sub-piston, corresponding to one of the additional sub-pistons.

[0025] In the case of sub-pistons eccentrically arranged relative to the central axis of the hydraulic cylinder, it can also be specified that two identical sub-pistons are arranged opposite each other relative to the central axis, and these two sub-pistons move to the same extent during the operation, and if necessary, move beyond the first sub-piston. This still allows for a basically balanced load on the piston rod. Alternatively, in the case of more than two identical sub-pistons opposite each other relative to the reference central axis, an arrangement with the same circumferential spacing relative to the central axis can also be specified.

[0026] The first and second sub-pistons, and additional sub-pistons if necessary, can remain within the hydraulic cylinder throughout the entire operation. The first sub-piston can be constructed as an annular piston, and the second sub-piston can, for example, be constructed as a piston extending within the first sub-piston with a circular profile. Similarly, the second sub-piston can also be constructed as an annular piston, and the additional sub-pistons can be constructed with a circular profile in terms of their working surfaces. These sub-pistons can be designed to be relatively small or short along the direction of movement. Only the piston rod is designed to be able to retract from the hydraulic cylinder. The piston rod can be constructed with only one total loading surface, which can be composed of multiple partial loading surfaces. After the extrusion is completely finished, the return movement of the piston rod can stop at virtually any position to extrude the next workpiece. The subsequent extrusion operation can be immediately performed from that position of the piston rod.

[0027] The piston rod can have a movement range between a starting position and an ending position. Within this movement range, especially at the beginning of the work process, the piston rod can be switched from being loaded by all the sub-pistons to being loaded by some of the sub-pistons, or finally, especially at the end of the movement range, to being loaded by only one sub-piston.

[0028] The piston rod has a total loading surface that is located within the hydraulic cylinder throughout the entire movement area. The total loading surface, or multiple partial loading surfaces constituting the total loading surface, may be optionally or simultaneously loaded by multiple sub-pistons.

[0029] The piston rod, which can be separated from the first sub-piston, the second sub-piston, and, if necessary, multiple additional sub-pistons, can be constructed as a single piece. The piston rod can also be constructed with a single surrounding loading flange for a return spring. The return spring can be loosely placed on the transmission surface of the sub-piston.

[0030] The overall loading surface of the piston rod is preferably constructed integrally, flat, and continuously, having an extension that is substantially right-angled with respect to the direction of movement of the piston rod during the operation. Two or more partial loading surfaces are different, including a first partial loading surface that loads only the first sub-piston, a second partial loading surface that loads only the second sub-piston, and so on, during the operation.

[0031] Advantageously, only one return spring is provided in total. The return spring can serve simultaneously as the return spring for the piston rod and as the return spring for the first and second sub-pistons, etc.

[0032] One or more return springs advantageously act directly on the piston rod, and if necessary, on the loading surface of the piston rod, in contrast to acting only indirectly on the sub-piston. The indirect action on the sub-piston is achieved through the total loading surface of the piston rod.

[0033] A piston rod with a return spring can also be arranged in the replacement head of the working device, and the piston rod, together with the replacement head, can be moved away from or separated from the hydraulic cylinder, wherein the first sub-piston, second sub-piston, etc., can be retained inside the hydraulic cylinder. Thus, the "wet side," i.e., the sub-piston on which hydraulic fluid can be loaded onto the working surface of the sub-piston, does not need to be removed when changing the tool head. Advantageously, operations can be performed on the "dry side." The replacement head can correspondingly have a cylinder head and a partial cylinder wall extending from the cylinder head towards the cylinder bottom.

[0034] Furthermore, it is advantageously stipulated that the loading flange of the piston rod is arranged within the sleeve section of the sub-piston, preferably the first sub-piston. The first sub-piston can be moved to a stop via the sleeve section, wherein, after reaching the stop, only one or more other sub-pistons, at least the second sub-piston, move by increasing the pressure in the hydraulic fluid. Subsequently, the second sub-pistons, etc., continue to move in the direction of movement toward the working surface of the first sub-piston, that is, along the direction of the piston rod. Here, the second sub-pistons, etc., further abut against the corresponding local loading surface of the piston rod, but are also raised from the corresponding transmission surface of the first sub-piston. In the case of multiple identical sub-pistons, these sub-pistons simultaneously abut against the respective corresponding local loading surfaces of the piston rod, and are subsequently also raised from the corresponding transmission surface of the (at least) first sub-piston.

[0035] The preferred return spring preferably surrounds the piston rod within an annular space between the outer surfaces of the sleeve and the piston rod. This annular space is preferably bounded below by the loading flange of the piston rod. The annular space is preferably bounded above, or along the removal direction, at least in effect by the cylinder head of the hydraulic cylinder. In practical embodiments, the cylinder head may also be formed, for example, by a corresponding area of ​​the replacement head, as described above. The return spring preferably acts between a component of the working head (advantageously the replacement head) that is also preferably configured as a disassembly element and the upper side of the loading flange of the piston rod.

[0036] The second sub-piston, etc., is preferably guided in a sealing manner within the first sub-piston. The second sub-piston, etc., preferably has a stop flange, which abuts against an inwardly pointing, preferably circumferential, protrusion of the first sub-piston at a position as far removed as possible from the first sub-piston. The seal is preferably constructed offset on the outside of the stop flange along the direction of movement toward the cylinder head. The stop flange typically does not form a hydraulically effective area of ​​the surface that constitutes the working surface. However, a seal can be achieved within the stop flange, i.e., in the radial region of the stop flange, which on the other hand also results in the planar portion of the stop flange involving the hydraulically effective working surface. Thus, the second sub-piston, etc., cannot be removed outward relative to the first sub-piston. However, in order to remove the second sub-piston from the hydraulic cylinder, the first sub-piston must first be removed from the hydraulic cylinder, and then the second sub-piston is similarly pulled downward from the first sub-piston.

[0037] The first sub-piston preferably has a first seal, which seals the inner surface of the hydraulic cylinder relative to the first seal, and has a second seal, and if necessary, has (multiple) additional second seals, which seal the outer surfaces of the second sub-piston and, if necessary, additional sub-pistons relative to the second sub-piston.

[0038] The second piston may preferably not be constructed with a seal. The second piston does not require grooves to accommodate possible sealing rings or the like.

[0039] Multiple sub-pistons, and if necessary two or all of them, are preferably guided in a retractable nested manner according to a first possible embodiment. One sub-piston is arranged within a first sub-piston and retractably accommodates another sub-piston within that sub-piston, which preferably has a seal through which it interacts with the other sub-piston.

[0040] In this embodiment, the second sub-piston, etc., is preferably located only within the internal region of the reference first or second sub-piston. The working surface of the first sub-piston for pressure loading of the hydraulic fluid is constructed in a ring around the working surface of the second sub-piston. The working surface of the first sub-piston is preferably constructed in a circular shape. The working surface of the second sub-piston, or if necessary, the internal sub-piston, is preferably designed as a circular surface.

[0041] The motion characteristics of the sub-pistons do not primarily depend on the characteristics of their surfaces. In principle, the surface features can be specified such that the first sub-piston acts on the piston rod with a greater force than the second or any other sub-piston at the start of the working process. The force exerted by the sub-pistons on the piston rod is also preferably associated with a stepwise reduction in the force acting on the piston rod. However, two or more sub-pistons act on the piston rod in the same manner from the start of the working process until the first sub-piston moves to the stop.

[0042] At the start of the operation, the working surface of the sub-piston is positioned close to or adjacent to the base plate of the hydraulic cylinder. If a hydraulic fluid with a gradually increasing hydraulic pressure is pumped into the hydraulic cylinder on the base plate side, the sub-pistons, regardless of their transmission surface design, preferably act together on the total loading surface of the piston rod initially. However, during the pressure increase, it can be stipulated that the first sub-piston reaches the stop after a defined stroke, so that only one or more additional sub-pistons act on the piston rod as the hydraulic pressure further increases. The additional sub-pistons can also each have their own stops, so that in the case of multiple additional sub-pistons, the next sub-piston is also removed from the loading of the piston rod. Here, as the return spring further compresses, the loading surface of the piston rod simultaneously moves further away from the one or more sub-pistons that have reached the stops. The force can be determined, in particular, by the dimensions of the working surface of the second or additional sub-pistons, which, when individually transmitted by the aforementioned or additional sub-pistons, acts on the piston rod and thus on the tool loaded by the piston rod.

[0043] Thus, when the piston rod is loaded by two or all of the sub-pistons, the tools that can move toward each other, or a tool and a stop, can move relative to each other with increased force in the tool head during the first moving segment. In further moving segments, the subsequent area is loaded only by the force of the first sub-piston or another sub-piston. A second force, and if necessary a third force, etc., can preferably be smaller than the first force, the second force, etc., respectively.

[0044] Two or more sub-pistons can be arranged in a retractable, nested, and guided manner in the same way as the first and second sub-pistons, each having a consistent central axis.

[0045] However, the first and second sub-pistons, and if necessary, additional sub-pistons, can also be arranged offset relative to each other with respect to their central axes. Subsequently, in particular, the second and additional sub-pistons are guided within one or more openings eccentrically constructed in the first sub-piston. Advantageously, two or more sub-pistons, i.e., sub-pistons of equal length along the direction of movement and preferably with the same working surface, are respectively arranged, thus enabling symmetrical force loading of the piston rod. The additional sub-pistons can be arranged circumferentially offset with offset, but self-consistent and preferably identical working surfaces, so that multi-level structures with two or more layers can also be achieved.

[0046] As described, the use of the working device allows parts of different sizes to be operated advantageously in the same working device without applying a large force to the smaller parts, which usually only applies a crucial force to the smaller parts after the first piston has moved to the stop.

[0047] This type of equipment is particularly suitable for use in crimping, such as crimping terminal sleeves and / or cable conduits.

[0048] In the case of multiple identical sub-pistons, these sub-pistons are arranged opposite each other or circumferentially offset with respect to the central axis, as described above. The first sub-piston preferably has multiple through holes, in which rod-shaped identical second sub-pistons and, if necessary, third sub-pistons are placed. The rod-shaped sub-pistons may also have different lengths, wherein the corresponding identical sub-pistons have the same length, thereby achieving the desired multi-stage capability. With reference to the midpoint or central axis of the hydraulic cylinder, it is preferable to always construct two opposite rod-shaped sub-pistons of the same length. The design scheme can also be configured to be combined with each other. In this case, as in the preferred embodiment described herein, the design scheme having concentrically arranged first and second sub-pistons can be designed, for example, in combination with another rod-shaped sub-piston in the corresponding through hole of the first sub-piston.

[0049] The working equipment described herein may also be known from the aforementioned documents WO 2014 / 108361 A1 or US 2015 / 0364889 A1, for multi-stage extrusion or crimping of preferred cable conduits.

[0050] The work device can also be designed as a handheld work device, as known for example from document US 3 154 981 A1.

[0051] The working device can also be designed as a working head independent of the machine body, which is connected to the machine body via a hydraulic hose. For this purpose, see publication WO 2019 / 016194 A2 (US 2020 / 0180049 A1), which is shown here, for example, in Figure 19. Attached Figure Description

[0052] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

[0053] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view is shown of the working head of the cutting hydraulic cylinder and the working device in the open position, which has a partially shown frame fixture and two sub-pistons arranged concentrically to each other;

[0054] Figure 2 The following is shown after the application of hydraulic pressure and the first sub-matrix moves to the stop position. Figure 1 The view;

[0055] Figure 3 The second piston is shown relative to Figure 2 Based on the continued movement Figure 1 or Figure 2 The view;

[0056] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the overall working equipment is shown;

[0057] Figure 5 This shows the process at the start of the workflow. Figure 1 A cross-sectional view showing three sub-pistons;

[0058] Figure 6 Shown at the end of the work process according to Figure 5 The equipment;

[0059] Figure 7 Showing according to Figure 1 A cross-sectional view showing two identical pairs of sub-pistons arranged eccentrically relative to the central axis;

[0060] Figure 8 Show along Figure 7 Section VIII-VIII in the middle is based on Figure 7 The sectional view obtained from the equipment; and

[0061] Figure 9 Shown at the end of the work process according to Figure 7 The equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0062] A hydraulically operable work device 1, designed as a handheld device, is shown and described. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the working device 1 preferably includes a battery 2, an electric motor 3, and more preferably a transmission device 4 and a pump 5. Hydraulic fluid can be pumped into the hydraulic cylinder 6 via the pump 5. The hydraulic fluid can flow back to the storage tank 7 and be pumped back into the hydraulic cylinder 6 from the storage tank in another operation.

[0063] In such Figure 4 In the preferred rod-shaped device shown, a gripping area can be provided around the motor 3 and / or the transmission device 4 and / or the pump 5.

[0064] It may also be equipped with an operating switch 8.

[0065] For example Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the first embodiment, a first sub-piston 9 and a second sub-piston 10 are arranged in the hydraulic cylinder 6. The second sub-piston 10 is arranged inside the first sub-piston 9.

[0066] It also includes a piston rod 11, which can be acted upon by sub-pistons 9 and 10.

[0067] The piston rod 11 acts on a tool 13 that is movable and guided within the working head 12. In this embodiment, and preferably, the tool 13 is detachably connected to the piston rod 11.

[0068] In this embodiment, and preferably, the movable guide first tool 13 and the second tool 14 are fixedly disposed in the working head 12.

[0069] This embodiment relates to a crimping device for crimping a wiring sleeve. Here, a crimping port 15 is provided between tools 13 and 14, which decreases in size as the piston rod 11 moves. See [reference needed]. Figures 1 to 2 and Figure 3 .

[0070] The two sub-pistons, namely the first sub-piston 9 and the second sub-piston 10, each have a first working surface 16 for loading hydraulic fluid onto the first sub-piston 9 and a second working surface 17 for loading hydraulic fluid onto the second sub-piston 10. Working surfaces 16 and 17 can be loaded with hydraulic fluid (not shown separately), which can be pumped into the work process to carry out the work procedure.

[0071] The two sub-pistons, namely the first sub-piston 9 and the second sub-piston 10, apply force to the same tool 13 through the piston rod 11.

[0072] In implementing the work process, such as from Figures 1 to 2 As shown in Figure 3, the hydraulic fluid applies the same hydraulic pressure to the first sub-piston 9 and the second sub-piston 10 throughout the entire operation. When the second sub-piston 10 stops moving due to reaching the stop, the hydraulic fluid then applies the same hydraulic pressure to both the first sub-piston 9 and the second sub-piston 10.

[0073] The piston rod 11 has a total loading surface 18, through which the two sub-pistons 9 and 10 can apply force to the piston rod 11.

[0074] Will Figure 3 state and Figure 2 In comparison, it can be seen that the total loading surface 18 of the piston rod 11 can be acted upon only by the second sub-piston 10 during the operation process. The total loading surface then separates from the first sub-piston 9 and is located on top of the first sub-piston at a distance. The annular partial loading surface spaced apart from the first sub-piston and the additional circular partial loading surface loaded by the second sub-piston complement each other to form the total loading surface. The sub-pistons 9 and 10 each have first and second transmission surfaces 19 and 20, respectively, which can act on the respective partial loading surfaces of the total loading surface 18 of the piston rod 11 through the first and second transmission surfaces.

[0075] As shown in this embodiment, the total loading surface 18 of the piston rod 11 preferably forms a uniform flat surface, which also extends substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement V of the piston rod 11 during operation. However, only a local area of ​​the loading surface 18 is always acted upon by the transmission surface 19 or 20 of the first or second sub-piston 9, 10.

[0076] The first sub-piston 9 is also preferably constructed with a stop. In this embodiment, the stop is also preferably constructed as a sleeve 28. The sleeve 28 can be constructed as a single piece with the first sub-piston 9. However, it can also be constructed independently of the first sub-piston 9 or as a single piece with the working head 12.

[0077] See Figure 2 and 3 As can be seen from the position, the sleeve 28 abuts against the stop 21 during the movement of the first sub-piston 9, the stop being constructed on the working head 12. Although the first sub-piston 9 cannot subsequently move further when the hydraulic pressure is further increased.

[0078] In this embodiment, and preferably in all embodiments, only one return spring 22 is provided. The return spring 22 acts between the working head 12 and the piston rod 11. The return spring 22 preferably acts on the loading flange 23 of the piston rod 11. The loading flange 23 preferably also forms part of the loading surface 18 for the first or second sub-pistons 9, 10, opposite the side on which the return spring 22 acts. It is also preferred, in this embodiment and in all embodiments, that the return spring 22 is disposed in the annular space between the sleeve 28 and the outer surface of the piston rod 11.

[0079] The return spring 22 is also supported on the cylinder head 45 on the upper side.

[0080] The working head 12 preferably includes components of a hydraulic cylinder, here a cylinder head 45 and a partial cylinder wall 47 extending from the cylinder head 45 toward the cylinder bottom 46. The partial cylinder wall 47 may form part of a threaded connection 26 on its inner side.

[0081] The first sub-piston 9 preferably also has a first seal 24, through which the first sub-piston is sealed relative to the inner surface of the hydraulic cylinder 6. More preferably, the first sub-piston 9 has a second seal 25, through which the first sub-piston is sealed relative to the second sub-piston 10.

[0082] The working head 12 is also preferably configured to be removable from the hydraulic cylinder 6. In this embodiment, and preferably in all embodiments, a threaded connection 26 is provided between the working head 12 and the hydraulic cylinder 6. The working head 12 can be fixed in a screwed position by means of a fixing bolt 27, such as when it is... Figures 1 to 3 shown in.

[0083] The loading flange 23 of the piston rod 11 is also preferably movable within the sleeve 28. Here, the loading flange preferably defines a boundary on the inner surface of the sleeve 28 by means of its outer surface.

[0084] The second sub-piston 10 has a stop flange 30, through which the second sub-piston... Figure 3 In the removed state shown, the stop 34 associated with the first sub-piston is in contact with it. Because the seal is visible in this embodiment and is first arranged behind the stop 34 along the direction of movement V, the stop 34 or its associated surface also serves as the hydraulic action surface of the first sub-piston 9, and the stop flange 30 is not an effective hydraulic component of the action surface of the second sub-piston 10.

[0085] exist Figure 5 and 6 In the embodiments shown, based on Figures 1 to 3 In the embodiment shown, a third sub-piston 29 is additionally provided relative to the first sub-piston 9 and the second sub-piston 10. All three sub-pistons have a consistent geometric center axis A.

[0086] The second sub-piston 10 is configured as a sleeve, which preferably guides the third sub-piston 29 on its inner surface and within the first sub-piston 9 on its outer surface. The first sub-piston 9 and the second sub-piston 10 respectively have annular working surfaces, and the third sub-piston 29 correspondingly has a circular working surface.

[0087] All three sub-pistons 9, 10, and 29 are arranged in a telescopic nested configuration. The third sub-piston 29, as a cylindrical sub-piston, has a stop flange 32, which corresponds to the stop flange 30 of the second sub-piston 10 in the first embodiment. Furthermore, the stop flange 32, together with the central region of the third sub-piston 29, forms an action surface 31 whenever hydraulic action is generated, which is also the overall circular surface at the bottom as in the first embodiment.

[0088] In this embodiment, the second sub-piston 10 has a flange 30 in the same manner, which correspondingly transforms into an annular working surface 33 below.

[0089] At the location where it was moved out, at the end of the work process, such as Figure 6 As shown, only the third sub-piston 29 acts on the local loading surface of the total loading surface 18 of the piston rod 11, corresponding to the transmission surface 20' of the third sub-piston. The second sub-piston 10 and / or the third sub-piston 29 can respectively abut against the stop 34 or 35 of the first sub-piston 9 or the second sub-piston 10.

[0090] Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the content also applies to the first embodiment.

[0091] according to Figures 7 to 9 Another embodiment has a second sub-piston 36 and a third sub-piston 37 (see...) Figure 8 In this embodiment, they are preferably constructed in pairs. The second sub-piston 36 and the third sub-piston 37 preferably have consistent lengths l and l' along the direction of movement V, respectively. The second sub-piston 36 and the third sub-piston 37 are respectively housed in the orifice-like receiving openings 38, 39, 40, and 41 of the first sub-piston 9. The second sub-piston 36, which is arranged in pairs, has a shorter length l than the third sub-piston 37, and the third sub-piston has a longer length l'.

[0092] The second sub-piston 36 and the third sub-piston 37 have the same diameter in their paired design, but the second and third sub-pistons can also have different diameters.

[0093] In this embodiment, preferably as shown, the second sub-piston 36 and the third sub-piston 37 also have flanges 42 and 43 on their lower sides, respectively, which allow the second and third sub-pistons to rest against the corresponding surfaces of the first sub-piston in the removed position. Even in this embodiment, the flanges 42 and 43 are hydraulically excluded from the working surface.

[0094] The transmission surfaces of the second and third sub-pistons 36 and 37 are here labeled with the same reference numeral 20''.

[0095] In this embodiment, the outer surface 44 of the working surface of the first sub-piston 9 coincides with the inner surface of the hydraulic cylinder. Referring to the geometric axis A, the working surfaces of the second and third sub-pistons 36 and 37 are not included, and the symmetrical arrangement remains unchanged.

[0096] List of reference numerals

[0097] 1. Operating equipment

[0098] 2 batteries

[0099] 3 electric motors

[0100] 4. Transmission device

[0101] 5 pumps

[0102] 6 hydraulic cylinders

[0103] 7 storage tanks

[0104] 8 Operating switches

[0105] 9 First Piston

[0106] 10 Second Piston

[0107] 11 Piston Rod

[0108] 12 working heads

[0109] 13 First Tools

[0110] 14 Second Tool

[0111] 15-pin connector

[0112] 16 First Working Surface

[0113] 17 Second Action Surface

[0114] 18 total loading surfaces

[0115] 19 transfer surfaces

[0116] 20 transfer surfaces

[0117] 20' transfer surface

[0118] 20'' transfer surface

[0119] 21 stops

[0120] 22 return spring

[0121] 23 Loading flange

[0122] 24 First seal

[0123] 25 Second seal

[0124] 26 threaded connector

[0125] 27 fixing bolts

[0126] 28 sets of cylinders

[0127] 29 Third Piston

[0128] 30 stop flange

[0129] 31 Action Surface

[0130] 32 flange

[0131] 33 circular loading surface

[0132] 34 stops

[0133] 35 stops

[0134] 36 Second Piston

[0135] 37 Third Piston

[0136] 38-hole shaped receiving opening

[0137] 39-hole shaped receiving opening

[0138] 40-hole shaped receiving opening

[0139] 41-hole-shaped receiving opening

[0140] 42 flange

[0141] 43 flange

[0142] 44 outer edge

[0143] 45 cylinder head

[0144] 46-cylinder base

[0145] 47 Local cylinder wall

[0146] l length

[0147] l' length

[0148] A Central Axis

[0149] V-direction of movement

Claims

1. A hydraulically operable work device configured to perform a work process, the work device having a hydraulic cylinder (6) and at least one first sub-piston and at least one second sub-piston (9, 10) disposed within the hydraulic cylinder (6), wherein, These sub-pistons (9, 10) can move in the direction of movement (V) within the hydraulic cylinder (6) under pressure applied by hydraulic fluid to carry out the operation process. Each sub-piston (9, 10) has a working surface (16, 17) at its lower end, on which the hydraulic fluid can act. The sub-pistons (9, 10) are subjected to the same hydraulic pressure on the working surface throughout the operation process. A piston rod (11) is also provided, coupled to the hydraulic cylinder (6). The piston rod (11) has a loading surface (18) at its lower end, on which the sub-pistons (9, 10) can act. Furthermore, the piston rod (11) is independently arranged relative to the sub-pistons (9, 10) and can be loaded by only one sub-piston (9, 10), or by multiple or all sub-pistons. Pistons (9, 10) are loaded simultaneously. Furthermore, a return spring (22) is installed in the hydraulic cylinder (6). These sub-pistons (9, 10) are able to move in the hydraulic cylinder (6) under the pressure of the hydraulic fluid, acting in reaction with the return spring in the direction of movement (V). A working component (13) is also provided, which is coupled to the piston rod (11) and thus movable. The sub-pistons (9, 10) are designed to act on the same working component (13). The loading surface (18) constitutes a first partial loading surface and a second partial loading surface. The first sub-piston (9) is designed to act on the first partial loading surface, and the second sub-piston (10) is designed to act on the second partial loading surface. The first and second partial loading surfaces do not overlap each other in the direction transverse to the direction of movement.

2. The working equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, All loading surfaces are located within the hydraulic cylinder (6) throughout the entire operation.

3. The working equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first sub-piston has a first working surface, the second sub-piston has a second working surface, and each additional sub-piston has an additional working surface.

4. The working equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second working surface is arranged within the first working surface of the first sub-piston.

5. The working equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second working surface and the other working surface are arranged within the first working surface of the first sub-piston.

6. The working equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, These sub-pistons have a first transmission surface opposite to the first working surface along the direction of movement (V), and the first transmission surface is configured to transmit the force of the first working surface to the piston rod.

7. The working equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, These sub-pistons have a first and second action surface and an additional action surface opposite each other along the direction of movement (V), and the first and second action surfaces and the additional action surface are configured to transmit the force of the first action surface, the second action surface and the additional action surface to the piston rod.

8. The working equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The return spring (22) acting on the sub-piston extends only inside the hydraulic cylinder (6).

9. The working equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, These sub-pistons can be reset by the return spring (22).

10. The working equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The return spring (22) applies force directly between the hydraulic cylinder (6) and the piston rod (11).

11. The working equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston rod (11) has a loading flange (23) for the return spring (22), wherein the return spring (22) acts on the loading flange (23) of the piston rod (11).

12. The working equipment according to claim 11, characterized in that, The loading flange (23) of the piston rod (11) is arranged inside the sleeve (28) of the first sub-piston.

13. The working equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Only one return spring (22) is provided.

14. The working equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first seal (24) seals the first sub-piston relative to the inner surface of the hydraulic cylinder (6), and the second seal (25) seals the first sub-piston relative to the outer surface of another sub-piston.

15. The working equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each sub-piston has a geometric centerline (A) extending along the direction of movement (V), wherein these geometric centerlines (A) are aligned, or multiple sub-pistons are designed to be telescopically nested and guided to each other.

16. The working equipment according to claim 15, characterized in that, The geometric central axes (A) of these sub-pistons extend at intervals relative to each other.

17. The working equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, Multiple additional sub-pistons are arranged in through holes in the first sub-piston, each corresponding to only one of these additional sub-pistons.

18. The working equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The other sub-piston is arranged eccentrically relative to the first sub-piston in terms of its working surface.

19. The working equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The midpoint of the other action surface is offset relative to the center of the first action surface (16).

20. The working equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, These action surfaces are configured to not intersect in the direction transverse to the direction of movement (V).

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