A method for storing and germinating coptis seeds

Abstract

The invention provides a method for storing and germinating coptis seeds, comprising five steps of collecting coptis follicles, threshing coptis seeds, air-selecting coptis seeds, moist storage and germination, and sowing seeds. The coptis seed storage and germination method of the invention has strong feasibility, simple operation, and can intuitively check the storage status of coptis seeds in real time. The method can be used for batch storage, greatly reducing the seed storage cost, and is suitable for promotion and use. The coptis seed germination method of the invention can improve the germination rate of coptis seeds, and has important practical value for large-scale cultivation of coptis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of storage and germination of seeds of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and particularly relates to a method for storing and germinating seeds of coptis chinensis. Background Art

[0002] Coptis chinensis Franch. is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Coptis in the family Ranunculaceae. It is also known as Weilian, Chuanlian, and Jizhaolian. The leaves are ovate-triangular, trilobed, slightly leathery, and have long petioles. There are 1-2 scapes, and the dichotomous or polychotomous cymes have 3-8 flowers. The follicles are 6-8 mm long. There are 7-8 seeds, which are oblong, about 2 mm long, about 0.8 mm wide, and brown. It blooms in February and March, and bears fruit in April and June. The dried rhizome is used as medicine, and has the effects of clearing away heat and dampness, purging fire and detoxifying.

[0003] The seeds of Coptis chinensis are brown, oblong, slightly curved, and have longitudinal stripes on the surface. They are about 1.8-2.0mm long, 0.8-1.0mm wide, and weigh 0.96±0.04g per thousand seeds. There are about 500,000 seeds in every 500g of seeds. Coptis chinensis seeds are composed of three parts: seed coat, endosperm and embryo. The seeds have the characteristics of morphological and physiological after-ripening, physiological dormancy and morphological and physiological dormancy. It takes 7-11 months for fresh Coptis chinensis seeds to germinate under natural conditions, and the germination rate is about 30%, which is difficult to meet the development of the Coptis chinensis industry and the demand for Coptis chinensis seedlings for large-scale planting.

[0004] At present, the commonly used method for storing Coptis chinensis seeds is the sand layer storage method. Due to the limitations of storage space, utensils, facilities and equipment, the storage cost is high, the storage volume is small, and it cannot be planted on a large scale. Moreover, because the seed status cannot be seen in real time and intuitively, it is difficult to control the temperature and humidity. It is easy to be infected by fungi or mildew and rot, which affects the seed germination rate and causes a waste of seed resources. In addition, this method is complicated and cumbersome, and the technology is difficult to promote.

[0005] Coptis seeds are the basis of Coptis seedlings, and Coptis seedlings are the guarantee for the development of the Coptis industry. Only by breaking through the technical problems of Coptis seed storage and seedling emergence can we break the bottleneck of the development of the Coptis industry and promote the high-quality and efficient development of the Coptis industry. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for storing and germinating coptis seeds in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The method has strong feasibility and simple operation, and can intuitively view the storage status of coptis seeds in real time, so that measures can be taken at any time for regulation; by adopting the method, coptis seeds can be stored in batches, which greatly reduces the seed storage cost and is suitable for promotion and use.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for storing and germinating Coptis chinensis seeds, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Collecting Coptis chinensis follicles: In early to mid-May, collect mature Coptis chinensis follicles 3 to 5 years after transplanting, place the follicles in a cool, dry and ventilated place indoors, turn them over with a shovel every other day, and dry them in the shade for 2 to 3 days;

[0009] S2, threshing coptis seeds: beating or rubbing the shade-dried follicles obtained in S1, and then separating the seeds and the shells to obtain coptis seeds;

[0010] S3, wind selection: pouring the coptis chinensis seeds obtained in S2 into an agricultural electric windmill for wind selection to obtain wind-selected coptis chinensis seeds;

[0011] S4, moist storage and germination: In an area with an altitude of 1100m to 1800m, the winnowed Coptis chinensis seeds obtained in S3 were piled indoors, the indoor temperature was maintained at 11°C to 25°C, the relative humidity was 70% to 80%, and the seeds were moistly stored for 200 days; within the first 30 days of storage, the seeds were turned over once a day; thereafter, they were turned over every 3 days, and fungicides were sprayed every 20 days;

[0012] S5. Sowing Coptis chinensis seeds: From mid-November to mid-December, prepare the land and then sow the Coptis chinensis seeds obtained in S4 on the ground.

[0013] Preferably, the parameters of the agricultural electric windmill described in S2 are 1450r / min, wind pressure 800Pa, power supply 220V / 50Hz, and power 180W.

[0014] Preferably, the stacking method of the Coptis chinensis seeds in S4 is: stacking them on the ground in ridges with a thickness of 20 cm.

[0015] Preferably, the relative humidity control method described in S4 is: if the humidity is less than 70%, use a sprayer or a watering can to spray water or an air humidifier to increase the humidity, and turn the seed pile over to make the seeds evenly moistened; if the humidity is greater than 80%, open the doors and windows for ventilation, use an electric fan to blow air or use a dehumidifier, and turn the seeds over with a shovel.

[0016] Preferably, the fungicide in S4 is a mixture of a 50% by mass carbendazim wettable powder and a 1:1 by mass soluble powder of aconitum, diluted with water to form a 500-fold solution and sprayed on the seed pile; the 50% by mass carbendazim wettable powder is of Guoguang brand, and the aconitum water-soluble powder is of Spicon brand, purchased from Chongqing Spicon Technology Co., Ltd.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The method for germinating seeds of coptis chinensis of the present invention is highly feasible and easy to operate, and can intuitively check the storage status of coptis chinensis seeds in real time, so that measures can be taken at any time for regulation. The method is green and environmentally friendly, can be stored in batches, greatly reduces the cost of seed storage, and is suitable for promotion and use.

[0019] 2. The method for germinating seeds of the present invention can greatly improve the germination rate of seeds of the coptis chinensis from 80% stored in sand layers to 93%, with remarkable effect, and has important practical value for large-scale cultivation of coptis chinensis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Example 1

[0021] The present embodiment is a method for moist storage of Coptis chinensis seeds, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1. Collecting Coptis chinensis follicles: In early to mid-May, collect mature follicles of Coptis chinensis 5 years after transplantation, bring the follicles back, place them in a cool, dry and ventilated place indoors, turn them over with a shovel every other day, and dry them in the shade for 3 days;

[0023] S2, threshing Coptis chinensis seeds; beating and rubbing the shade-dried follicles obtained in S1, and separating the seeds and the shells with a bamboo sieve to obtain Coptis chinensis seeds;

[0024] S3, wind selection of coptis chinensis seeds: pouring the coptis chinensis seeds obtained in S2 into an agricultural electric windmill for wind selection, to obtain wind-selected coptis chinensis seeds;

[0025] The parameters of the agricultural electric windmill are 1450r / min, wind pressure 800Pa, power supply 220V / 50Hz, and power 180W;

[0026] S4, moist storage and germination: at an altitude of 1300m, choose a well-ventilated room, pile the winnowed Coptis chinensis seeds obtained in S3 on the ground in ridges with a thickness of 20cm, maintain the room temperature at 25°C, and the relative humidity at 75%, and store them in a moist environment for 200 days; if the relative humidity is less than 75%, use a watering can to spray water to increase humidity, and evenly turn the seed pile to make it evenly damp; if the relative humidity is greater than 75%, open the doors and windows for ventilation, turn it with a shovel, and turn on the electric fan to blow air; during the first 30 days of storage, the seeds are in the after-ripening stage and have vigorous metabolism, so the seeds should be turned over once a day to prevent the seed pile from heating up; when the seed coat turns brown, indicating that the seeds are fully ripe, turn them over every 3 days, and spray fungicides every 20 days to prevent the seed pile from mildewing until sowing;

[0027] The fungicide is a mixture of 50% carbendazim wettable powder and a 1:1 water-diluted aquatic solution to spray the seed pile with 500 times the amount of water; wherein the 50% carbendazim wettable powder is Guoguang brand, and the agro-linkerine water-soluble powder is Sibikang brand, purchased from Chongqing Sibikang Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0028] S5. Sowing Coptis chinensis seeds: From mid-November to mid-December, prepare the land and then sow the Coptis chinensis seeds obtained in S4 on the ground.

[0029] This embodiment also carried out a control test of the storage of coptis chinensis seeds in sand stratification, comprising the following steps:

[0030] (1) At an altitude of 1,300 m, choose a house with a flat ground and intact doors and windows, clean it and disinfect the room, keep the room temperature at 25°C and the relative humidity at 75%;

[0031] (2) Move the prepared fine sand into the room, disinfect it with carbendazim and potassium permanganate solution, and stir it constantly to make it uniform, so that the humidity reaches about 70%, that is, it can be clumped when held in the hand, and it will fall apart when the hand is loosened;

[0032] (3) The bottom layer is covered with 3 cm of wet sand; the middle layer is a mixture of sand and seeds, with a ratio of 4:1 and a thickness of no more than 30 cm; the top layer is covered with 5 cm of wet sand, and the top layer of wet sand is kept from showing white, and stored until November; the storage time is from the completion of seed threshing and air separation, and sand storage can begin, which is the same as wet storage.

[0033] The results of the damage rate such as mildew and germination rate of Coptis chinensis seeds stored in moist storage and sand layer storage are shown in Table 1.

[0034] Table 1 Comparison of wet storage and sand layer storage of Coptis chinensis seeds

[0035]

[0036]

[0037] This example also discusses the effects of different altitudes, temperatures and relative humidity on the moist storage of Coptis chinensis seeds, and the results are as follows:

[0038] (I) The effects of different altitudes on the moist storage of Coptis chinensis seeds. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0039] Table 2 Effect of altitude on moist storage of Coptis chinensis seeds

[0040]

[0041] From Table 2, we can see that at an altitude of 900m, the average germination rate of Coptis chinensis seeds is low, because the temperature is high in summer and the seeds are difficult to survive the summer. The higher the altitude, the higher the germination rate, and the germination rate is positively correlated with the altitude; but at altitudes above 1500m, there are few people living, and it is difficult to choose suitable storage conditions.

[0042] (II) Effects of different temperatures on the moist storage of Coptis chinensis seeds. Coptis chinensis seeds were stored in refrigerators and thermostatic boxes according to different temperature ranges. Three replicates were set for each group of experiments to observe the effects of temperature on the moist storage of Coptis chinensis seeds. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0043] Table 3 Effect of temperature on moist storage of Coptis chinensis seeds (under natural conditions)

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] It can be seen from Table 3 that 21℃~25℃ is the suitable temperature for moist storage of Coptis chinensis seeds. When the temperature is between 26℃~30℃, Coptis chinensis seeds are not easy to survive the summer.

[0047] (III) Effects of different relative humidity on moist storage of Coptis chinensis seeds. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0048] Table 4 Effect of relative humidity on moist storage of Coptis chinensis seeds

[0049] Storage space relative humidity Average germination rate 60％ 62.0％ 65％ 68.0％ 70％ 92.0％ 75％ 92.5％ 80％ 92.0％ 85％ 86.0％ 90％ 72.5％ 95％ 52.0％

[0050] From Table 4, it can be seen that the appropriate relative humidity for moist storage of Coptis chinensis seeds is 70% to 80%. Too high relative humidity can easily lead to seed rot. When the relative humidity is 90%, the seed rot loss rate is 30%; when the relative humidity is 95%, the seed rot loss rate is 47%.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] The present embodiment is a method for moist storage of Coptis chinensis seeds, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1. Collecting Coptis chinensis follicles: In early to mid-May, collect mature follicles of Coptis chinensis 4 years after transplanting, bring the follicles back, place them in a cool, dry and ventilated place indoors, turn them over with a shovel every other day, and dry them in the shade for 2 days;

[0054] S2, threshing Coptis chinensis seeds; beating and rubbing the shade-dried follicles obtained in S1, and separating the seeds and the shells with a bamboo sieve to obtain Coptis chinensis seeds;

[0055] S3, wind selection of coptis chinensis seeds: pouring the coptis chinensis seeds obtained in S2 into an agricultural electric windmill for wind selection, to obtain wind-selected coptis chinensis seeds;

[0056] The parameters of the agricultural electric windmill are 1450r / min, wind pressure 800Pa, power supply 220V / 50Hz, and power 180W;

[0057] S4, moist storage and germination: at an altitude of 1100m, choose a well-ventilated room, pile the winnowed Coptis chinensis seeds obtained in S3 on the ground in ridges with a thickness of 20cm, maintain the room temperature at 18°C, and the relative humidity at 80%, and store them in a moist environment for 200 days; if the relative humidity is less than 80%, spray water with a sprayer to increase humidity, and turn the seed pile evenly to make it evenly damp; if the relative humidity is greater than 80%, turn on the electric fan to blow air, and turn it with a shovel at the same time; during the first 30 days of storage, the seeds are in the after-ripening stage, and the metabolism is vigorous, so the seeds should be turned over once a day to prevent the seed pile from heating up; when the seed coat turns brown, indicating that the seeds are fully ripe, turn them over every 3 days, and spray fungicides every 20 days to prevent the seed pile from mildewing until sowing;

[0058] The fungicide is a mixture of 50% carbendazim wettable powder and a 1:1 water-diluted aquatic solution to spray the seed pile with 500 times the amount of water; wherein the 50% carbendazim wettable powder is Guoguang brand, and the agro-linkerine water-soluble powder is Sibikang brand, purchased from Chongqing Sibikang Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0059] S5. Sowing Coptis chinensis seeds: From mid-November to mid-December, prepare the land and then sow the Coptis chinensis seeds obtained in S4 on the ground.

[0060] The damage rate of seeds such as mildew and rot of the wet stored Coptidis seeds of the present embodiment was 1%, and the germination rate was 91%.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] The present embodiment is a method for moist storage of Coptis chinensis seeds, comprising the following steps:

[0063] S1. Collecting Coptis chinensis follicles: In early to mid-May, collect mature follicles of Coptis chinensis 3 years after transplanting, bring the follicles back, place them in a cool, dry and ventilated place indoors, turn them over with a shovel every other day, and dry them in the shade for 3 days;

[0064] S2, threshing Coptis chinensis seeds; beating and rubbing the shade-dried follicles obtained in S1, and separating the seeds and the shells with a bamboo sieve to obtain Coptis chinensis seeds;

[0065] S3, wind selection of coptis chinensis seeds: pouring the coptis chinensis seeds obtained in S2 into an agricultural electric windmill for wind selection, to obtain wind-selected coptis chinensis seeds;

[0066] The parameters of the agricultural electric windmill are 1450r / min, wind pressure 800Pa, power supply 220V / 50Hz, and power 180W;

[0067] S4, moist storage and germination: At an altitude of 1800m, choose a well-ventilated room, pile the winnowed Coptis chinensis seeds obtained in S3 on the ground in ridges with a thickness of 20cm, maintain the room temperature at 11°C, and the relative humidity at 70%, and store them in a moist environment for 200 days; if the relative humidity is less than 70%, use an air humidifier to increase humidity, and turn the seed pile evenly to make it evenly damp; if the relative humidity is greater than 70%, turn on the dehumidifier to dehumidify, and turn it with a shovel; during the first 30 days of storage, the seeds are in the after-ripening stage, and the metabolism is vigorous. The seeds should be turned over once a day to prevent the seed pile from heating up; when the seed coat turns brown, indicating that the seeds are fully ripe, turn them over every 3 days, and spray fungicides every 20 days to prevent the seed pile from mildewing until sowing;

[0068] The fungicide is a mixture of 50% carbendazim wettable powder and a 1:1 water-diluted aquatic solution to spray the seed pile with 500 times the amount of water; wherein the 50% carbendazim wettable powder is Guoguang brand, and the agro-linkerine water-soluble powder is Sibikang brand, purchased from Chongqing Sibikang Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0069] S5. Sowing Coptis chinensis seeds: From mid-November to mid-December, prepare the land and then sow the Coptis chinensis seeds obtained in S4 on the ground.

[0070] The damage rate of seeds such as mildew and rot of the wet stored Coptidis seeds of the present embodiment was 1%, and the germination rate was 95%.

[0071] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent change made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for storing and germinating Coptis chinensis seeds, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Collecting Coptis chinensis follicles: In early to mid-May, collect mature Coptis chinensis follicles 3 to 5 years after transplantation, place the follicles in a cool, dry and ventilated place indoors, turn them over with a shovel every other day, and dry them in the shade for 2 to 3 days; S2, threshing coptis seeds: beating or rubbing the shade-dried follicles obtained in S1, and then separating the seeds and the shells to obtain coptis seeds; S3, air selection: air-selecting the coptis chinensis seeds obtained in S2 to obtain air-selected coptis chinensis seeds; S4, moist storage and germination: In an area with an altitude of 1100m~1800m, the winnowed Coptis chinensis seeds obtained in S3 are piled on the indoor floor in a ridge shape with a thickness of 20cm, and the indoor temperature is maintained at 11℃~25℃, and the relative humidity is 70%~80%, and the seeds are moistly stored for 200 days; within the first 30 days of storage, the seeds are turned over once a day; thereafter, they are turned over every 3 days, and a fungicide is sprayed every 20 days; the fungicide is a mixture of 50% carbendazim wettable powder and agro-linker resistant water-soluble powder in a mass ratio of 1:1, diluted with water to a 500-fold solution, and sprayed through the seed pile; S5. Sowing Coptis chinensis seeds: From mid-November to mid-December, prepare the land and then sow the Coptis chinensis seeds obtained in S4 on the ground.

2. The method for storing and germinating Coptis chinensis seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative humidity control method described in S4 is: if the humidity is less than 70%, use a sprayer or watering can to spray water or an air humidifier to increase the humidity, and turn the seed pile over to make the seeds evenly moistened; if the humidity is greater than 80%, open the doors and windows for ventilation, use an electric fan to blow air or use a dehumidifier, and turn the seeds over with a shovel.

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