A spray washing and cyclone centrifugal composite separator and separation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention proposes a separator of spray washing and swirl centrifugation composite and a separation method thereof, which belongs to the technical field of dust removal and gas absorption devices. In this method, washing liquid is sprayed through a washing liquid nozzle at the inlet of the contraction section of the venturi tube, so that the washing liquid is effectively dispersed into droplets, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency and gas absorption efficiency. The swirler in the straight cylinder at the rear of the expansion section of the venturi tube promotes the formation of a swirl in the gas. Under the action of centrifugation, the droplets and dust are thrown to the wall of the straight cylinder and eventually fall into the dirty liquid cavity, which can achieve effective removal of dust and droplets in the airflow. The swirler of the present invention includes two types: radial swirler and axial swirler, which can be applied to two working conditions of low air flow and high air flow, respectively. The present invention has a simple structure, compact design, and is easy to use. It can be widely used in the fields of dust removal, desulfurization, decarbonization, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of dust removal and gas absorption devices, and in particular relates to a spray washing and cyclone centrifugal composite separator and a separation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Wet scrubbers are widely used for dust removal and gas absorption, with Venturi scrubbers being the most widely used. Venturi scrubbers are simple in structure, easy to operate, and high-temperature resistant, and generally consist of three parts: a contraction tube, a throat, and an expansion tube. During the scrubbing and dust removal and gas absorption processes, after the gas enters the contraction tube section, the flow rate gradually increases and the pressure gradually decreases. At the throat, the flow rate reaches its maximum value, and the scrubbing liquid enters the throat through the liquid inlet pipe in an ejected manner. It is then accelerated by the high-speed airflow and atomized into droplets. During the dust removal process, the droplets combine with dust particles in the gas through mechanisms such as inertial collision, interception capture, and diffusion capture, achieving dust particle capture. During the absorption process, after the scrubbing liquid is dispersed into droplets in the throat of the Venturi tube, the liquid surface area increases, and the corresponding gas-liquid mass transfer area increases, thereby improving gas absorption efficiency.

[0003] However, after the gas and scrubbing liquid are mixed in the above-mentioned traditional Venturi tube scrubber, some dust particles cannot be captured by the droplets, and the dust removal standards cannot be met, or the gas absorption is incomplete and the emission standards cannot be met. Moreover, the air flow scrubbed by the Venturi tube contains a large number of droplets, and subsequently needs to be separated by a dehydration device to achieve gas-liquid separation. The process flow is relatively complicated and the integration level is not high.

[0004] If a high-efficiency separator that combines dust removal (or gas absorption) and dehydration can be invented, such problems can be solved. To this end, we provide a separator that combines spray washing and cyclone separation and a separation method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a separator and a separation method thereof combining spray washing and cyclone separation, which has good dust removal (or gas absorption) and dehydration effects, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A separator combining spray washing and cyclone separation comprises an air inlet pipe, a liquid inlet pipe, a washing liquid nozzle, a venturi tube, a straight cylinder, a swirl starter, a dirty liquid cavity, a sewage pipe and an exhaust pipe. The air inlet pipe includes a curved pipe section and straight pipe sections at both ends thereof, the straight pipe section and the curved pipe section are welded to each other, the air inlet is located in the straight pipe section, and the air inlet is flange-connected; the liquid inlet pipe is a hollow pipe body, the inlet end of which is flange-connected, the liquid inlet pipe enters the separator from the curved pipe section of the air inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe and the separator shell are coaxial; the washing liquid nozzle is placed at the end of the liquid inlet pipe, and the spraying direction is consistent with the gas flow direction; the Venturi tube includes a contraction pipe section, a throat section and an expansion pipe section arranged in sequence, and the contraction pipe section is placed at the outlet of the straight pipe section at the other end of the air inlet pipe; the straight cylinder is placed behind the expansion pipe section of the Venturi tube, and a flange connection is provided in the middle of the straight cylinder to facilitate the installation of the swirler. After passing through the swirler, the airflow forms a vortex in the straight cylinder, and the droplets and dust particles in the airflow are thrown to the wall; The swirler is placed in the upper half of the straight cylinder, and the swirler and the straight cylinder are coaxial. The swirler has two optional structural forms, including a radial swirler and an axial swirler; the radial swirler includes an outer cover cylinder, a guide inner cover cylinder and radial swirling blades, and the radial swirling blades are placed between the outer cover cylinder and the guide inner cover cylinder; the axial swirler includes a hollow guide cone and axial swirling blades, and the axial swirling blades are placed between the hollow guide cone and the separator outer shell; the dirty liquid chamber is placed at the rear of the straight cylinder, including a frustum section and a cylindrical section, for collecting dust and washing liquid; the sewage pipe is placed at the bottom of the cylindrical section of the dirty liquid chamber, for discharging sludge and sewage; the exhaust pipe extends into the dirty liquid chamber, and the inlet of the exhaust pipe is located at the frustum section of the dirty liquid chamber, for discharging purified gas.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid outlet of the cleaning liquid nozzle is placed at the inlet of the contraction tube section of the Venturi tube.

[0009] Preferably, the inlet diameter of the contraction section of the Venturi tube is equal to the outlet diameter of the expansion section.

[0010] Preferably, the diameter of the throat section of the venturi tube is calculated based on the operating gas flow rate and the gas velocity at the throat section, and the gas velocity at the throat section ranges from 40 to 120 m / s.

[0011] Preferably, the contraction angle of the contraction tube section of the venturi tube is set to 20° to 35°, and the expansion angle of the expansion tube section is set to 3° to 20°.

[0012] Preferably, the radial swirler's radial swirler blades have an elevation angle of 20° to 30° to the horizontal plane, a blade thickness of 0.5 to 10 mm, and a number of 4 to 32 blades.

[0013] Preferably, the outlet angle of the axial swirling blades of the axial swirler is 15° to 30°, the thickness of the blades is 0.5 to 10 mm, and the number of the blades is 6 to 32.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The device can effectively disperse the washing liquid into droplets by setting the washing liquid nozzle at the inlet of the contraction section of the venturi tube, and achieve good gas-liquid mixing effect, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency and gas absorption efficiency.

[0016] 2. The device is equipped with a vortex generator to enhance the disturbance of the airflow, which can increase the collision of dust and liquid droplets during the dust removal process and the absorption rate of gas at the gas-liquid interface during the gas absorption process, thereby further improving the dust removal efficiency and gas absorption efficiency.

[0017] 3. The device is equipped with a vortexer, which can throw the dust and liquid droplets in the gas to the wall of the straight cylinder, so that the dust and liquid fall down along the wall into the dirty liquid chamber, thereby enhancing the dust removal and dehydration effects of the separator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a separator combining spray washing and cyclone centrifugation;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view in (for radial rotator);

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 AA section view in (for axial spinner);

[0021] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the radial rotator;

[0022] Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of the axial spinner.

[0023] In the figure: 1 air inlet pipe, 2 liquid inlet pipe, 3 washing liquid nozzle, 4 venturi tube, 401 contraction pipe section, 402 throat pipe section, 403 expansion pipe section, 5 straight cylinder, 6 swirler, 601 outer cover cylinder, 602 guide inner cover cylinder, 603 radial swirling blades, 604 hollow guide cone, 605 axial swirling blades, 7 dirty liquid chamber, 8 drain pipe, 9 exhaust pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the technical solutions in the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] See also Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution: a separator combining spray washing and cyclone centrifugation, characterized in that it includes an air inlet pipe 1, a liquid inlet pipe 2, a washing liquid nozzle 3, a venturi tube 4, a straight cylinder 5, a vortex generator 6, a dirty liquid chamber 7, a sewage pipe 8 and an exhaust pipe 9;

[0026] The air inlet pipe 1 is composed of a curved pipe section and straight pipe sections at both ends thereof, the straight pipe section and the curved pipe section are welded to each other, the air inlet is located in the straight pipe section, and the air inlet is flange-connected;

[0027] The liquid inlet pipe 2 is a hollow tube with a flange connection at its inlet end. The liquid inlet pipe enters the separator from the bend of the air inlet pipe 1. The liquid inlet pipe 2 and the separator housing are coaxial. The washing liquid nozzle 3 is placed at the end of the liquid inlet pipe 2, and the spraying direction is consistent with the gas flow direction.

[0028] The venturi tube 4 includes a contraction section 401, a throat section 402, and an expansion section 403 arranged in sequence, and the contraction section 401 is placed at the outlet of the straight section at the other end of the air inlet pipe 1;

[0029] The straight cylinder 5 is placed behind the expansion tube section 403 of the venturi tube 4, and a flange connection is set in the middle of the straight cylinder. After the airflow passes through the swirler, a vortex is formed in the straight cylinder, and the droplets and dust particles in the airflow are thrown to the wall.

[0030] The spinner 6 is placed on the upper half of the straight cylinder 5. The spinner 6 and the straight cylinder 5 are coaxial. The spinner 6 has two optional structural forms, including a radial spinner and an axial spinner.

[0031] The radial rotator includes an outer cover tube 601, an inner guide cover tube 602 and radial rotator blades 603, wherein the radial rotator blades 603 are placed between the outer cover tube 601 and the inner guide cover tube 602;

[0032] The axial swirler includes a hollow guide cone 604 and axial swirling blades 605, and the axial swirling blades 605 are placed between the hollow guide cone 604 and the separator housing;

[0033] The dirty liquid chamber 7 is arranged at the rear of the straight cylinder 5, and comprises a frustum section and a cylinder section, and is used to collect dust and washing liquid;

[0034] The sewage pipe 8 is placed at the bottom of the cylindrical section of the sewage chamber 7 and is used to discharge sludge and sewage;

[0035] The exhaust pipe 9 extends into the dirty liquid chamber 7 , and the inlet of the exhaust pipe 9 is located at the frustum section of the dirty liquid chamber 7 , for discharging the purified gas.

[0036] Furthermore, the liquid outlet of the cleaning liquid nozzle 3 is placed at the inlet of the venturi tube contraction section 401 .

[0037] Furthermore, the inlet diameter of the venturi tube contraction section 401 is equal to the outlet diameter of the expansion section 403 .

[0038] Furthermore, the diameter of the venturi tube throat section 402 is calculated based on the operating gas flow rate and the gas velocity at the throat, and the gas velocity at the throat ranges from 40 to 120 m / s.

[0039] Furthermore, the contraction angle of the venturi tube contraction section 401 is set to 25°, and the expansion angle of the expansion section 403 is set to 5°.

[0040] Furthermore, the radial rotating blades 603 of the radial rotator have an elevation angle of 30° with respect to the horizontal plane, a blade thickness of 2 mm, and a number of 12 blades.

[0041] Furthermore, the outlet angle of the axial rotating blades 605 of the axial rotator is 30°, the blade thickness is 2 mm, and there are 6 blades in total.

[0042] Working principle: During the dust removal process, the dust-laden gas enters the contraction section 401 of the venturi tube from the air inlet pipe 1. At this time, the dust-laden gas will fully contact the droplets sprayed by the washing liquid nozzle 3. Then, the airflow containing dust and droplets is continuously accelerated in the contraction section 401 of the venturi tube. The airflow velocity reaches the maximum value in the throat section 402, and then enters the expansion section 403. In the venturi tube 4, the droplets combine with the dust particles in the gas to achieve the wetting and capture of the dust particles. In the gas absorption process, the gas-liquid two-phase flow and The dust removal process is similar, but in the Venturi tube 4, the nozzle sprays the washing liquid to form droplets that fully contact the gas under strong turbulent disturbance, thereby achieving efficient absorption of the gas; the dust-containing and droplet-containing gas leaving the expansion pipe section 403 flows through the vortex generator 6 in the straight cylinder 5 to form a vortex, so that the droplets and dust are thrown to the wall of the straight cylinder 5, and then enter the dirty liquid chamber 7 along the wall of the straight cylinder 5, thereby achieving separation of the droplets and dust from the main body of the airflow; finally, the dirty liquid in the dirty liquid chamber 7 is discharged from the drain pipe 8 at the bottom, and the separated and purified gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 9.

[0043] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A separator combining spray washing and cyclone centrifugation, characterized in that: It includes air inlet pipe, liquid inlet pipe, washing liquid nozzle, venturi tube, straight cylinder, swirl device, dirty liquid chamber, sewage pipe and exhaust pipe; The air inlet pipe includes a curved pipe section and straight pipe sections at both ends thereof, the straight pipe section and the curved pipe section are welded to each other, and the air inlet is located at one end of the straight pipe section, and the air inlet is flange-connected; The liquid inlet pipe is a hollow pipe with a flange connection at its inlet end. The liquid inlet pipe enters the separator from the bend section of the air inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe and the separator housing are coaxial. The washing liquid nozzle is placed at the end of the liquid inlet pipe, and the spraying direction is consistent with the gas flow direction; The venturi tube comprises a contraction section, a throat section and an expansion section which are arranged in sequence, and the contraction section is placed at the outlet of the straight section at the other end of the air inlet pipe; The straight cylinder is placed behind the expansion section of the venturi tube, and a flange is provided in the middle of the straight cylinder. After the airflow passes through the swirler, a swirl is formed in the straight cylinder, and the droplets and dust particles in the airflow are thrown toward the wall. The spinner is placed on the upper half of the straight cylinder, and the spinner and the straight cylinder are coaxial. The spinner has two optional structural forms, including a radial spinner and an axial spinner. The radial rotator comprises an outer cover tube, an inner guide cover tube and radial rotator blades, wherein the radial rotator blades are placed between the outer cover tube and the inner guide cover tube; The axial swirler comprises a hollow guide cone and axial swirling blades, wherein the axial swirling blades are placed between the hollow guide cone and the separator housing; The dirty liquid chamber is placed at the rear of the straight cylinder and includes a frustum section and a cylinder section, and is used to collect dust and washing liquid; The sewage pipe is placed at the bottom of the cylindrical section of the sewage chamber to discharge sludge and sewage; The exhaust pipe extends into the interior of the dirty liquid chamber, and the inlet of the exhaust pipe is located at the frustum section of the dirty liquid chamber, for conducting out the purified gas; The liquid outlet of the cleaning liquid nozzle is placed at the inlet of the contraction tube section of the venturi tube.

2. The spray washing and cyclone centrifugal composite separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet diameter of the contraction section of the venturi tube is equal to the outlet diameter of the expansion section.

3. The spray washing and cyclone centrifugal composite separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the throat section of the venturi tube is calculated based on the operating gas flow rate and the gas velocity at the throat section. The gas velocity at the throat section ranges from 40 to 120 m / s.

4. The spray washing and cyclone centrifugal composite separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contraction angle of the contraction tube section of the venturi tube is set to 20°~35°, and the expansion angle of the expansion tube section is set to 3°~20°.

5. The spray washing and cyclone centrifugal composite separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial rotating blades of the radial rotator have an elevation angle of 20° to 30° with respect to the horizontal plane, a blade thickness of 0.5 to 10 mm, and a number of 4 to 32 blades.

6. The spray washing and cyclone centrifugal combined separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet angle of the axial rotating blades of the axial rotator is 15° to 30°, the thickness of the blades is 0.5 to 10 mm, and the number of the blades is 6 to 32.

7. The separation method of the separator using a combination of spray washing and cyclone centrifugation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: During the dust removal process, the dust-laden gas enters the contracting section of the Venturi tube from the air inlet pipe. At this time, the dust-laden gas will begin to come into contact with the droplets sprayed by the scrubbing liquid nozzle. Then, the airflow containing dust and droplets is continuously accelerated in the contracting section of the Venturi tube, and the airflow velocity reaches its maximum value in the throat section. After that, it enters the expanding section. In the Venturi tube, the droplets combine with the dust particles in the gas to achieve wetting and capture of the dust particles. During the gas absorption process, the gas-liquid two-phase flow is similar to the dust removal process. In the Venturi tube, the droplets formed by the scrubbing liquid sprayed by the nozzle fully contact the gas under strong turbulent disturbance, achieving efficient gas absorption. The dust-laden and droplet-laden gas leaving the expanding section flows through the vortex generator in the straight tube to form a vortex, so that the droplets and dust are thrown to the wall of the straight tube, and then enter the dirty liquid chamber along the wall of the straight tube, realizing the separation of the droplets and dust from the main airflow. Finally, the dirty liquid in the dirty liquid chamber is discharged from the drain pipe at the bottom, and the separated and purified gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe.

Images