A sectional ultrafine grinding beneficiation method for finely disseminated copper ore

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for beneficiating fine-grained disseminated copper ore by sectional ultrafine grinding. A flotation process is carried out successively, including grinding, roughing operation, first cleaning operation, scavenging operation, and second cleaning operation. By developing an efficient selective inhibitor YSY-101, gangue minerals such as chlorite and mica can be inhibited. An efficient selective collector YSP-106 is also developed, which can weaken the collection effect on gangue minerals such as chlorite and mica, increase the floatability difference between the target mineral copper sulfide ore and gangue minerals, thereby improving the quality of copper concentrate. In addition, for the inconsistent dissemination particle sizes of bornite and chalcopyrite in the present invention method, the dissemination particle size of bornite is P80@25μm, and the dissemination particle size of chalcopyrite is P80@18μm. A sectional ultrafine grinding process is developed, which can prevent over-grinding caused by one-stage ultrafine grinding and avoid affecting the concentrate quality due to insufficient dissociation of chalcopyrite.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of beneficiation methods for copper ores, and particularly to a beneficiation method for finely disseminated copper ores with staged ultrafine grinding. Background Art

[0002] Copper is a non-ferrous metal that has a very close relationship with humans and is widely used in fields such as electricity, light industry, machinery manufacturing, construction industry, and national defense industry. In China, its consumption in non-ferrous metal materials ranks second only to aluminum.

[0003] Sulfide copper minerals are the main mineral forms of copper metal resources. Chalcopyrite and bornite minerals have a relatively high proportion in nature and are important sulfide minerals. Sulfide copper has good flotability and is often recovered by flotation. As the disseminated particle size of copper minerals gradually becomes finer, the stage grinding and flotation process of "coarse grinding of raw ore - fine grinding of rough concentrate" has been widely used. However, due to the inconsistent disseminated particle sizes of chalcopyrite and bornite, the disseminated particle size of chalcopyrite is lower than that of bornite. Improving the fine grinding accuracy of the concentrate and reducing the over-grinding of the already dissociated target minerals, and increasing the dissociation degree of fine-grained chalcopyrite by adding ultrafine grinding operations are of great significance for improving copper flotation indexes.

[0004] Copper ores often contain relatively high amounts of chlorite, mica, pyroxene, etc., which also have good flotability. Finding the pulp pH at which the flotability of gangue minerals deteriorates and jointly developing selective gangue inhibitors will increase the flotability difference between sulfide copper minerals and gangue and improve the separation indexes. Xanthate collectors have strong collecting ability but poor selectivity. During the flotation process, they will increase the flotability of gangue minerals such as chlorite and mica, affecting the grade of copper concentrate. Therefore, developing selective auxiliary collectors to increase the flotability difference of target minerals is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a beneficiation method for finely disseminated copper ores with staged ultrafine grinding.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A beneficiation method for finely disseminated copper ores with staged ultrafine grinding, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Grinding: Add raw ore and water into a mill, and then add lime for grinding;

[0009] S2. Rough selection operation: Conduct a rough selection operation on the grinding product obtained in step S1 to obtain a rough concentrate and a rough tailing; In the rough selection operation, add the reagents butyl xanthate and No. 2 oil;

[0010] S3. First beneficiation operation: The roughly beneficiated concentrate obtained in step S2 is subjected to an ultra-fine grinding operation. Lime is added during the ultra-fine grinding operation. The pulp obtained from the ultra-fine grinding operation is subjected to a first beneficiation operation. In the first beneficiation operation, reagents YSY-101, YSP-106, and No. 2 oil are added in sequence to obtain a first beneficiation concentrate and a first beneficiation tailing. YSY-101 is a mixture of starch, sodium hexametaphosphate, aluminum sulfate, and guar gum. The mass ratio of starch:sodium hexametaphosphate:aluminum sulfate:guar gum is 2:1:3:1. YSP-106 is synthesized by reacting sodium isobutyl xanthate, dioctyldimethylammonium chloride, and sodium dithiophosphate in a reaction kettle at 60 °C for 5 hours. The mass ratio of sodium isobutyl xanthate:dioctyldimethylammonium chloride:sodium dithiophosphate is 4:1:2.

[0011] S4. Fine scavenging operation: The first beneficiation tailing obtained from the first beneficiation operation in step S3 is subjected to a fine scavenging operation to obtain a fine scavenging concentrate and a fine scavenging tailing. Butyl xanthate is added during the fine scavenging operation.

[0012] S5. Second beneficiation operation: The fine scavenging concentrate in step S4 is subjected to an ultra-fine grinding operation. Lime is added during the ultra-fine grinding operation. The pulp obtained from the ultra-fine grinding operation is subjected to a second beneficiation operation. In the second beneficiation operation, reagents YSY-101, YSP-106, and No. 2 oil are added to obtain a second beneficiation concentrate and a second beneficiation tailing. The second beneficiation tailing is returned to the first fine scavenging operation.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S1, the grinding mass concentration is 62.5%, and the fineness of the grinding product is 65% at -0.075 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific process of step S2 is as follows: The grinding product obtained in step S1 is fed into a flotation machine for a first roughing operation to obtain a first roughing concentrate and a first roughing tailing. Butyl xanthate and No. 2 oil are added in sequence during the first roughing operation. The first roughing tailing enters a second roughing operation to obtain a second roughing concentrate and a second roughing tailing. Butyl xanthate and No. 2 oil are added in sequence during the second roughing operation. The first roughing concentrate and the second roughing concentrate are combined as the roughly beneficiated concentrate.

[0015] Even further, in step S2, after the grinding product obtained in step S1 is fed into the flotation machine, the grinding product is first stirred, and then butyl xanthate and No. 2 oil are added for the first roughing operation. The pH value of the grinding product is 9.9.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S3, the ultra-fine grinding operation obtains a product with a grinding fineness of P80@25 μm.

[0017] Further, in step S3, after adding the pulp obtained from the first ultrafine grinding operation to the flotation machine, first stir, and then add reagents YSY-101, YSP-106, and No. 2 oil for the first cleaning operation; the pH value of the pulp obtained from the first ultrafine grinding operation = 11.25.

[0018] Further, the specific process of step S4 is as follows: Feed the first cleaning tailings obtained from the first cleaning operation into the flotation machine, add butyl xanthate, stir for the first scavenging operation to obtain the first scavenging concentrate and the first scavenging tailings; the first scavenging tailings are subjected to the second scavenging operation to obtain the second scavenging concentrate and the second scavenging tailings, and butyl xanthate is added in the second scavenging operation.

[0019] Further, in step S5, the product obtained from the second ultrafine grinding operation has a grinding fineness of P80@18μm.

[0020] Further, in step S5, after adding the pulp obtained from the second ultrafine grinding operation to the flotation machine, first stir, and then add reagents YSY-101, YSP-106, and No. 2 oil for the second cleaning operation; the pH value of the pulp obtained from the second ultrafine grinding operation = 10.7.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] (1) The present invention develops an efficient selective inhibitor YSY-101, which can inhibit gangue minerals such as chlorite and mica, and develops an efficient selective collector YSP-106, which can weaken the collection effect on gangue minerals such as chlorite and mica, increase the floatability difference between the target mineral copper sulfide ore and gangue minerals, thereby improving the quality of copper concentrate.

[0023] (2) The present invention develops a segmented ultrafine grinding process. Aiming at the inconsistent dissemination sizes of bornite and chalcopyrite, the dissemination size of bornite is P80@25μm, and the dissemination size of chalcopyrite is P80@18μm. Developing a segmented ultrafine grinding process can prevent over-grinding in the first-stage ultrafine grinding and avoid affecting the concentrate quality due to insufficient dissociation of chalcopyrite.

[0024] (3) In the present invention, intensive stirring is carried out before the action of flotation reagents, which can improve the pulp environment, adjust the pH value and potential of rough selection, increase the floatability of sulfide minerals, and improve the recovery of copper sulfide minerals.

[0025] (4) In the present invention, during cleaning, by adjusting the pulp pH value to alkaline (pH = 11.25), the hydrophilicity of gangue minerals such as chlorite and mica is enhanced, the floatability is reduced, and an inhibitory effect is obtained.

[0026] (5) The present invention provides a beneficiation method for finely disseminated copper ores with high efficiency, high separation efficiency, strong pertinence, strong operability and good separation indexes, which can provide reference for the comprehensive recovery of resources of this type of copper ore. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is the overall flow chart of the method of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is the overall flow chart of the method of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that this embodiment is based on the present technical solution, and detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] This embodiment provides a beneficiation method for the staged ultrafine grinding of finely disseminated copper ores. The ore to be separated is a porphyry copper ore in Brazil. The original ore contains 0.83% copper, the copper oxidation rate is 9.52%, the gold content is 0.14 g / t, and the sulfur content is 0.44%. The main metal minerals in the ore are bornite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, a small amount of cuprite, and trace covellite. The gangue minerals are mainly pyroxene group, quartz, feldspar, etc. At the grinding fineness of -0.075 mm accounting for 65%, the monomer dissociation degree of copper-sulfur minerals is 67.08%, and the proportion of rich associated bodies is 13.57%. At the current fineness, copper minerals have not been fully dissociated. As Figure 1 shown, the specific process is as follows:

[0032] S1. Grinding: Add 1 kg of original ore with a particle size of -2 mm and 600 ml of water into an XMB-φ200×240 rod mill. The grinding mass concentration is 62.5%. Add 400 g / t of industrial lime into the rod mill, and grind for 6 minutes. The fineness of the grinding product is -0.075 mm accounting for 65%.

[0033] S2. Rough selection operation: Feed the grinding product obtained in step S1 into a 3L single-cell flotation machine. Start the flotation machine, stir the pulp for 5 minutes, the pulp pH value = 9.9. Based on the dry weight of each ton of original ore, add 40 g / t of butyl xanthate and stir for 3 minutes, then add 30 g / t of No. 2 oil and stir for 2 minutes. Aerate and scrape foam in the flotation machine for 3 minutes. The foam product is the rough selection concentrate 1. Add 20 g / t of butyl xanthate and 15 g / t of No. 2 oil into the flotation machine and stir for 3 minutes, aerate and scrape foam in the flotation machine for 2 minutes. The foam product is the rough selection concentrate 2. The underflow of the rough selection two operation is the final tailing 1.

[0034] S3. Selective beneficiation operation: The rough beneficiation concentrate and rough beneficiation concentrate obtained in S2 are combined and fed into a vertical ultrafine mill. Then, 500 g / t of lime is added to the ultrafine mill, and after ultrafine grinding for 2 minutes, a product with a grinding fineness of P80@25μm is obtained. The ground pulp is added to a 100 g hanging trough flotation machine, stirred for 3 minutes, and the pulp pH value is 11.25. Based on the dry weight of each ton of raw ore, 300 g / t of YSY-101 is added to the flotation cell, stirred for 3 minutes, then 5 g / t of YSP-106 and 5 g / t of No. 2 oil are added, stirred for 2 minutes, and then a baffle is added to scrape the foam for 2.5 minutes to obtain Concentrate 1 product.

[0035] YSY-101 is an efficient selective inhibitor, which is a mixture of starch, sodium hexametaphosphate, aluminum sulfate, and guar gum. The mass ratio of starch:sodium hexametaphosphate:aluminum sulfate:guar gum is 2:1:3:1.

[0036] YSP-106 is an efficient selective collector, which is synthesized by reacting sodium isobutyl xanthate, dioctyldimethylammonium chloride, and sodium dithiophosphate in a reaction kettle at 60°C for 5 hours. The mass ratio of sodium isobutyl xanthate:dioctyldimethylammonium chloride:sodium dithiophosphate is 4:1:2.

[0037] S4. Scavenging operation: Based on the dry weight of each ton of raw ore, 20 g / t of butyl xanthate is added to the 100 g hanging trough flotation machine in step S3, stirred for 2 minutes, and then a baffle is added to scrape the foam for 2 minutes to obtain the scavenging concentrate; 10 g / t of butyl xanthate is added to the 100 g hanging trough flotation machine, stirred for 2 minutes, and then a baffle is added to scrape the foam for 2 minutes to obtain the second scavenging concentrate. The underflow in the flotation machine is the final tailings 2.

[0038] S5. Second selective beneficiation operation: The scavenging concentrate and the second scavenging concentrate obtained in step S4 are combined and fed into a vertical ultrafine mill. Then, 100 g / t of lime is added to the ultrafine mill, and after ultrafine grinding for 1 minute, a product with a grinding fineness of P80@18μm is obtained. The ground pulp is added to a 50 g hanging trough flotation machine, stirred for 2 minutes, and the pulp pH value is 10.7. Based on the dry weight of each ton of raw ore, 200 g / t of YSY-101 is added to the flotation cell, stirred for 4 minutes, then 10 g / t of YSP-106 and 10 g / t of No. 2 oil are added, stirred for 2 minutes, and then a baffle is added to scrape the foam for 3 minutes to obtain Concentrate 2 product. The underflow in the flotation machine is returned to the scavenging operation.

[0039] Comparative Example 1

[0040] For the same ore as in Example 1, sodium butyl xanthate was used as the collector, sodium hexametaphosphate as the inhibitor. The original ore was ground to 70% passing -0.075 mm, and subjected to two rough selections and one quick flotation cleaning to obtain Concentrate 1. The middlings from the quick flotation cleaning and the second roughing were combined and reground to P80@18 μm, and then subjected to three cleanings to obtain Concentrate 2. The second clean scavenging yielded Tailings 2. In the flotation process, the middlings from the cleaning and the clean scavenging were sequentially returned to the previous operation. Sodium hexametaphosphate was used as the dispersant and gangue inhibitor, sodium butyl xanthate as the collector, and No. 2 oil as the frother. The process flow is as Figure 2 shown.

[0041] Table 1 is a comparison table of the process indexes of the method in Example 1 and Comparative Example 2.

[0042] Table 1

[0043]

[0044] For those skilled in the art, various corresponding changes and deformations can be given according to the above technical solutions and concepts, and all such changes and deformations should be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for beneficiating fine-grained disseminated copper ore by sectional ultrafine grinding, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Grinding: Add the raw ore and water into a mill, and then add lime for grinding; S2. Rough selection operation: Conduct a rough selection operation on the grinding product obtained in step S1 to obtain a rough selection concentrate and a rough selection tailing; In the rough selection operation, add the reagents butyl xanthate and No. 2 oil; S3. First cleaning operation: Conduct an ultra-fine grinding operation on the rough selection concentrate obtained in step S2, and add lime during the ultra-fine grinding operation; Conduct a first cleaning operation on the pulp obtained from the ultra-fine grinding operation. In the first cleaning operation, sequentially add the reagents YSY-101, YSP-106, and No. 2 oil to obtain a first cleaning concentrate and a first cleaning tailing; YSY-101 is a mixture of starch, sodium hexametaphosphate, aluminum sulfate, and guar gum, and the mass ratio of starch: sodium hexametaphosphate: aluminum sulfate: guar gum is 2:1:3:1; YSP-106 is synthesized by reacting sodium isobutyl xanthate, dioctyldimethylammonium chloride, and sodium dithiophosphate in a reaction kettle at 60 °C for 5 hours; The mass ratio of sodium isobutyl xanthate: dioctyldimethylammonium chloride: sodium dithiophosphate is 4:1:2; S4. Final cleaning and scavenging operation: Conduct a final cleaning and scavenging operation on the first cleaning tailing obtained in the first cleaning operation in step S3 to obtain a final cleaning and scavenging concentrate and a final cleaning and scavenging tailing; Add the reagent butyl xanthate during the final cleaning and scavenging operation; S5. Second cleaning operation: Conduct an ultra-fine grinding operation on the final cleaning and scavenging concentrate in step S4, and add lime during the ultra-fine grinding operation; Conduct a second cleaning operation on the pulp obtained from the ultra-fine grinding operation. In the second cleaning operation, add the reagents YSY-101, YSP-106, and No. 2 oil to obtain a second cleaning concentrate and a second cleaning tailing, and the second cleaning tailing is returned to the first final cleaning and scavenging operation.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step S1, the grinding mass concentration is 62.5%, and the fineness of the grinding product is 65% with a particle size of -0.075 mm.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of step S2 is as follows: Feed the grinding product obtained in step S1 into a flotation machine for the first rough selection operation to obtain a first rough selection concentrate and a first rough selection tailing. Sequentially add butyl xanthate and No. 2 oil during the first rough selection operation; The first rough selection tailing enters the second rough selection operation to obtain a second rough selection concentrate and a second rough selection tailing. Sequentially add butyl xanthate and No. 2 oil during the second rough selection operation; Combine the first rough selection concentrate and the second rough selection concentrate as the rough selection concentrate.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S2, after feeding the grinding product obtained in step S1 into the flotation machine, first stir the grinding product, and then add butyl xanthate and No. 2 oil for the first rough selection operation; The pH value of the grinding product is 9.

9.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the ultra-fine grinding operation obtains a product with a grinding fineness of P80@25 μm.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that In step S3, after adding the pulp obtained from the ultra-fine grinding operation into the flotation machine, first stir, and then add the reagents YSY-101, YSP-106, and No. 2 oil for the first cleaning operation; The pH value of the pulp obtained from the ultra-fine grinding operation is 11.

25.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein The specific process of step S4 is as follows: Feed the first cleaning tailing obtained from the first cleaning operation into a flotation machine, add butyl xanthate, and stir for the first final cleaning and scavenging operation to obtain a first final cleaning and scavenging concentrate and a first final cleaning and scavenging tailing; The first final cleaning and scavenging tailing conducts a second final cleaning and scavenging operation to obtain a second final cleaning and scavenging concentrate and a second final cleaning and scavenging tailing. Add butyl xanthate during the second final cleaning and scavenging operation.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step S5, the product with a grinding fineness of P80@18μm is obtained in the second ultrafine grinding operation.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step S5, after the pulp obtained from the second ultrafine grinding operation is fed into the flotation machine, it is first stirred, and then the reagents YSY-101, YSP-106 and No. 2 oil are added for the second cleaning operation; the pH value of the pulp obtained from the second ultrafine grinding operation is 10.7.

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