Horizontal double-layer vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device and ship

Abstract

The application discloses a horizontal double-layer vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device, which comprises an inner shell, an outer tank body, a connecting structure, an inner shell support module and an outer shell fixing module, the outer tank body is arranged outside the inner shell, a closed cavity is formed between the inner shell and the outer tank body, the inner shell support module is arranged between the inner shell and the outer tank body, and the outer shell fixing module is arranged at the bottom of the outer tank body; and the inner shell and the outer tank body are fixedly connected through the connecting structure. The device is connected with the inner shell and the outer tank body through the second reinforcing structure, the heat conduction path is prolonged through the arrangement of the S-shaped structure, the heat leakage rate during the use of the storage tank is reduced, the deformation of the tank body is absorbed during thermal expansion and cold contraction, and the use safety of the storage tank is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of shipbuilding technology, specifically relating to a horizontal double-walled vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device and a ship. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing scarcity of energy and the environmental impact of traditional fossil fuels, energy structure adjustment is urgently needed. Hydrogen energy is hailed as the most promising green energy source of the 21st century, attracting significant attention from countries worldwide. The most critical aspect is the storage and transportation of hydrogen. Liquid hydrogen has a normal boiling point of only 20.3K (compared to 90K for liquid oxygen), and its density is 845 times that of gaseous hydrogen at room temperature and pressure. Its latent heat of vaporization is less than one-seventh that of liquid oxygen, making it extremely prone to vaporization. Due to its extremely low boiling point and large temperature difference with the environment, liquid hydrogen requires highly insulated containers. Therefore, large-scale, long-distance storage and transportation necessitates cryogenic liquid methods, primarily using storage tanks, tank trucks, and tank containers. Double-walled storage tanks have gained widespread acceptance in the cryogenic liquid storage and transportation equipment market and possess enormous development potential.

[0003] Liquid hydrogen storage tanks generally consist of three main components: an inner shell, an outer tank, and a supporting structure. The inner shell is placed inside the outer tank, with a cavity between them. This cavity is insulated using a vacuum and added insulation material. This structure effectively prevents external heat from entering the inner shell, and the vacuum effectively reduces heat leakage caused by thermal convection. Therefore, this structure is the most common in current engineering applications. For large liquid hydrogen storage tanks, in addition to considering the insulation performance of the tank itself, the insulation capacity of the internal supporting structure must also be considered. Since the supports primarily serve a fixing function during tank use, their strength must be considered. However, when the supports are directly connected to the inner shell, heat leakage through the supporting structure can account for nearly 30% of the total heat leakage of the tank. Therefore, the insulation of the supporting structure is also a key issue that needs to be addressed in the tank design. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a horizontal double-layer vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device. The device of this invention connects the inner shell and the outer tank by setting a second reinforcing structure. The heat conduction path is extended by setting an S-shaped structure, which reduces the heat leakage rate during the use of the storage tank. At the same time, it absorbs the deformation generated by the tank during thermal expansion and contraction, thereby improving the safety of the storage tank.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution provided by this invention patent is as follows:

[0006] A horizontal double-walled vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device includes an inner shell, an outer tank, a connecting structure, an inner shell support module, and an outer shell fixing module. The outer tank is disposed outside the inner shell, forming a sealed cavity between the inner shell and the outer tank. The inner shell support module is disposed between the inner shell and the outer tank, and the outer shell fixing module is disposed at the bottom of the outer tank. The inner shell and the outer tank are fixedly connected by the connecting structure, which includes a first connecting structure and a second connecting structure. The first connecting structure is disposed on the outer surface of the inner shell, one end of the second connecting structure is connected to the first connecting structure, and the second connecting structure is fixedly connected to the top of the outer tank.

[0007] The aforementioned inner shell support module includes a support block and a shell groove. The shell grooves are respectively disposed on the outer surface of the inner shell and the inner surface of the outer tank. A support block is disposed between the shell grooves disposed on the outer surface of the inner shell and the corresponding shell grooves disposed on the inner surface of the outer tank. Multiple inner shell support modules are uniformly disposed between the middle of the inner shell and the middle of the outer tank and between the bottom of the inner shell and the bottom of the outer tank. The support block and the shell groove are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic with low thermal conductivity.

[0008] The aforementioned outer shell support module includes an outer shell support plate and a base. The outer shell support plate is arranged around the bottom of the outer tank. The base is arranged at the bottom of the outer shell support plate. The base includes a liquid tank body plate, anti-shift flat steel, laminated wood, and a fixed outer shell. The outer shell is fixedly installed on the ship deck. Laminated wood is installed on both sides inside the outer shell. Anti-shift flat steel is arranged between the laminated wood. The liquid tank body plate is arranged on the upper part of the outer shell and is connected and fixed to the bottom of the outer shell support plate. The upper part of the anti-shift flat steel is fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid tank body plate.

[0009] The inner shell is cylindrical in shape. The inner surface of the inner shell is polished and plated with silver or nickel. Multiple inner shell reinforcing rings are provided inside the inner shell. The inner shell reinforcing rings are welded and fixed to the inner surface of the inner shell and are parallel to each other. A liquid inlet is provided at the top of the inner shell, and an opening reinforcing ring is provided at the liquid inlet. The inner shell is made of austenitic stainless steel or aluminum alloy.

[0010] The first connecting structure is welded and fixed to the outer surface of the inner shell. The first connecting structure is also welded and fixed to the upper liquid inlet of the inner shell. The upper part of the first connecting structure is anchored to the bottom of the second connecting structure. The second connecting structure is generally S-shaped. The upper end of the second connecting structure is welded and fixed to the upper part of the outer tank.

[0011] The outer tank has a protruding structure in the middle, with an air dome in the middle of the protruding structure. A second connecting structure is provided around the air dome. The air dome is aligned with the liquid inlet of the inner shell. The outer tank is made of austenitic stainless steel, carbon steel, or aluminum alloy. A vacuum maintaining pump is provided at the bottom of the outer tank to maintain the vacuum degree between the inner shell and the outer tank. The vacuum degree between the inner shell and the outer tank is 0.01-1.7 Pa. The sealed cavity between the outer tank and the inner shell is filled with a vacuum powder insulation layer.

[0012] The aforementioned vacuum powder insulation layer is at least one of powder, fiber, and aerogel materials, and the vacuum powder insulation layer also includes copper sheets, aluminum sheets, or gaseous metal particles.

[0013] The outer tank body is provided with an annular reinforcing structure, which is concentric with the inner shell reinforcing ring.

[0014] A vessel comprising the aforementioned horizontal double-walled vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank assembly.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, the horizontal double-layer vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device of this invention has achieved the following technical advantages through practical application:

[0016] 1. The present invention discloses a horizontal double-layer vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device. By setting a second reinforcing structure to connect the inner shell and the outer tank, the heat conduction path is extended by setting an S-shaped structure, reducing the heat leakage rate during the use of the storage tank. At the same time, it absorbs the deformation generated by the tank during thermal expansion and contraction, thereby improving the safety of the storage tank.

[0017] 2. The present invention discloses a horizontal double-layer vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device, which reduces heat leakage caused by vacuum support of the storage tank by using a composite material support block with low thermal conductivity. At the same time, the low density of liquid hydrogen requires low support strength, so that the support block can achieve the effect of forming an inner shell, thereby reducing heat leakage of the tank while ensuring support stability.

[0018] 3. The present invention discloses a horizontal double-layer vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device, which reduces the heat leakage of the storage tank by combining low vacuum powder insulation and double-layer cylindrical tank structure. At the same time, the use of low-pressure storage tank avoids the damage of "hydrogen embrittlement" to the tank material, achieves higher storage density, lower operating cost compared with high vacuum storage tank, and lower manufacturing difficulty and construction cost compared with membrane type.

[0019] 4. The present invention discloses a horizontal double-layer vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device, which sets an inner shell reinforcement frame on the inner surface of the inner shell by welding. This strengthens the structural strength of the inner shell while blocking the flow of liquid hydrogen, reducing the impact of ship swaying on the tank during navigation, and improving the safety of the storage tank during use. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a side sectional view of the liquid hydrogen storage tank in a horizontal double-layer vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a front side view of the liquid hydrogen storage tank in a horizontal double-layer vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a front view of the liquid hydrogen storage tank in a horizontal double-layer vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention is described below with reference to specific examples shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0024] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this invention pertains to a horizontal double-walled vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device. The device includes an inner shell 4, an outer tank 3, a connecting structure, an inner shell support module, and an outer shell fixing module. The outer tank 3 is disposed outside the inner shell 4, forming a sealed cavity between the inner shell 4 and the outer tank 3. The inner shell support module is disposed between the inner shell 4 and the outer tank 3, and the outer shell fixing module is disposed at the bottom of the outer tank 3. The inner shell 4 and the outer tank 3 are fixedly connected by the connecting structure, which includes a first connecting structure 12 and a second connecting structure 13. The first connecting structure 12 is disposed on the outer surface of the inner shell 4, one end of the second connecting structure 13 is connected to the first connecting structure 12, and the second connecting structure 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer tank 3.

[0025] The inner shell support module includes a support block 7 and a shell groove 8. The shell groove 8 is respectively disposed on the outer surface of the inner shell 4 and the inner surface of the outer tank 3. The support block 7 is disposed between the shell groove 8 disposed on the outer surface of the inner shell 4 and the corresponding shell groove 8 disposed on the inner surface of the outer tank 3. Multiple inner shell support modules are uniformly disposed between the middle part of the inner shell 4 and the middle part of the outer tank 3 and between the bottom of the inner shell 4 and the bottom of the outer tank 3. The support block 7 and the shell groove 8 are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic with low thermal conductivity. By using the low thermal conductivity composite material support block 7, the heat leakage caused by the vacuum support of the storage tank is reduced. At the same time, the low density of liquid hydrogen requires low support strength, so that the support block 7 can achieve the effect of making the inner shell 4, reducing the heat leakage of the tank while ensuring support stability.

[0026] The outer shell support module includes an outer shell support plate 6 and a base 9. The outer shell support plate 6 is arranged around the bottom of the outer tank 3. The base 9 is arranged at the bottom of the outer shell support plate 6. The base 9 includes a liquid tank body plate 91, anti-slip flat steel 92, laminated wood 93 and a fixed outer shell 94. The outer shell is fixedly installed on the ship deck. Laminated wood 93 is installed on both sides of the inside of the outer shell. Anti-slip flat steel 92 is arranged between the laminated wood 93. The liquid tank body plate 91 is arranged on the upper part of the outer shell and is connected and fixed to the bottom of the outer shell support plate 6. The upper part of the anti-slip flat steel 92 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid tank body plate 91.

[0027] The inner shell 4 is cylindrical in shape. The inner surface of the inner shell 4 is polished and plated with silver or nickel. Multiple inner shell reinforcing rings 10 are provided inside the inner shell 4. The inner shell reinforcing rings 10 are welded and fixed to the inner surface of the inner shell 4. The inner shell reinforcing rings 10 are parallel to each other. A liquid inlet is provided at the upper part of the inner shell 4. The liquid inlet of the inner shell 4 is provided with an opening reinforcing ring 14. The inner shell 4 is made of austenitic stainless steel or aluminum alloy.

[0028] The first connecting structure 12 is welded and fixed to the outer surface of the inner shell 4. The first connecting structure 12 is also welded and fixed to the upper liquid inlet of the inner shell 4. The upper part of the first connecting structure 12 is anchored to the bottom of the second connecting structure 13. The second connecting structure 13 has an overall S-shaped structure. The upper end of the second connecting structure is welded and fixed to the upper part of the outer tank 3. A second reinforcing structure is provided to connect the inner shell 4 and the outer tank 3. The S-shaped structure extends the heat conduction path, reduces the heat leakage rate during the use of the storage tank, and absorbs the deformation generated by the tank during thermal expansion and contraction, thereby improving the safety of the storage tank.

[0029] The outer tank 3 has a protruding structure in the middle, and an air dome 1 is provided in the middle of the protruding structure. A second connecting structure 13 is provided around the air dome 1. The air dome 1 is aligned with the liquid inlet of the inner shell 4. The outer tank 3 is made of austenitic stainless steel, carbon steel or aluminum alloy. A vacuum maintaining pump 11 is provided at the bottom of the outer tank 3 to maintain the vacuum degree between the inner shell 4 and the outer tank 3. The vacuum degree between the inner shell 4 and the outer tank 3 is 0.01-1.7 Pa. The sealed cavity between the outer tank 3 and the inner shell 4 is filled with a vacuum powder insulation layer 5.

[0030] The vacuum powder insulation layer 5 is at least one of powder, fiber and aerogel materials, and the vacuum powder insulation layer 5 also includes copper sheets, aluminum sheets or gaseous metal particles.

[0031] The outer tank body 3 is provided with an annular reinforcing structure 2, which is concentric with the inner shell reinforcing ring 10.

[0032] A vessel comprising the aforementioned horizontal double-walled vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank assembly.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of the invention or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal double-layer vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank apparatus, characterized by, The device includes an inner shell, an outer tank, a connecting structure, an inner shell support module, and an outer shell fixing module. The outer tank is disposed outside the inner shell, forming a sealed cavity between the inner shell and the outer tank. The inner shell support module is disposed between the inner shell and the outer tank, and the outer shell fixing module is disposed at the bottom of the outer tank. The inner shell and the outer tank are fixedly connected by the connecting structure, which includes a first connecting structure and a second connecting structure. The first connecting structure is disposed on the outer surface of the inner shell, one end of the second connecting structure is connected to the first connecting structure, and the second connecting structure is fixedly connected to the top of the outer tank. The first connecting structure is welded and fixed to the outer surface of the inner shell, and the first connecting structure is welded and fixed to the upper liquid inlet of the inner shell. The upper part of the first connecting structure is anchored to the bottom of the second connecting structure. The second connecting structure is generally S-shaped, and the upper end of the second connecting structure is welded and fixed to the upper part of the outer tank.

2. The horizontal double-layer vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The inner shell support module includes a support block and a shell groove. The shell grooves are respectively disposed on the outer surface of the inner shell and the inner surface of the outer tank. A support block is disposed between the shell grooves disposed on the outer surface of the inner shell and the corresponding shell grooves disposed on the inner surface of the outer tank. Multiple inner shell support modules are evenly disposed between the middle of the inner shell and the middle of the outer tank and between the bottom of the inner shell and the bottom of the outer tank. The support block and the shell groove are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic with low thermal conductivity.

3. The horizontal double-walled vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell support module includes an outer shell support plate and a base. The outer shell support plate is arranged around the bottom of the outer tank. The base is arranged at the bottom of the outer shell support plate. The base includes a liquid tank body plate, anti-shift flat steel, laminated wood, and a fixed outer shell. The outer shell is fixedly installed on the ship deck. Laminated wood is installed on both sides inside the outer shell. Anti-shift flat steel is arranged between the laminated wood. The liquid tank body plate is arranged on the upper part of the outer shell and is connected and fixed to the bottom of the outer shell support plate. The upper part of the anti-shift flat steel is fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid tank body plate.

4. The horizontal double-walled vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner shell is cylindrical in shape. The inner surface of the inner shell is polished and plated with silver or nickel. Multiple inner shell reinforcing rings are provided inside the inner shell. The inner shell reinforcing rings are welded and fixed to the inner surface of the inner shell and are parallel to each other. A liquid inlet is provided at the top of the inner shell, and an opening reinforcing ring is provided at the liquid inlet. The inner shell is made of austenitic stainless steel or aluminum alloy.

5. A horizontal double-walled vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer tank has a protruding structure in the middle, and an air dome in the middle of the protruding structure. A second connecting structure is provided around the air dome. The air dome is aligned with the liquid inlet of the inner shell. The outer tank is made of austenitic stainless steel, carbon steel, or aluminum alloy. A vacuum maintaining pump is provided at the bottom of the outer tank to maintain the vacuum degree between the inner shell and the outer tank. The vacuum degree between the inner shell and the outer tank is 0.01-1.7 Pa. The sealed cavity between the outer tank and the inner shell is filled with a vacuum powder insulation layer.

6. A horizontal double-walled vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The vacuum powder insulation layer is at least one of powder, fiber and aerogel materials, and the vacuum powder insulation layer also includes copper sheets, aluminum sheets or gaseous metal particles.

7. A horizontal double-walled vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer tank body is provided with an annular reinforcing structure, which is concentric with the inner shell reinforcing ring.

8. A ship, characterized in that, The vessel includes the horizontal double-walled vacuum liquid hydrogen storage tank assembly as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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