Tunneling machine cutters, cutterhead and tunneling machine

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tunneling equipment for soil or rock strata, and particularly to a tunneling machine cutterhead, cutter head, and tunneling machine. The tunneling machine cutterhead includes a cutter holder and a hob. The cutter holder has a mounting groove, and the journal of the hob's cutter shaft is located in the mounting groove on the cutter holder and is pressed by a pressure block. The journal is supported by a cutter shaft buffer device at the bottom of the mounting groove. A movable pressure body is provided on one side of the mounting groove. The front end of the movable pressure body has a mutually engaging inclined surface with the corresponding journal, and the rear end has an elastic support member. When the journal compresses the corresponding cutter shaft buffer device, the movable pressure body advances under the push of the rear elastic support member and presses the journal. The rebound force of the cutter shaft buffer device is greater than the component force exerted by the elastic support member on the journal via the movable pressure body towards the cutter shaft buffer device. During the reset process of the cutter shaft buffer device, the movable pressure body continuously presses the journal, thereby preventing vibration caused by the rapid rebound of the cutter shaft buffer device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunneling equipment for soil or rock strata, and in particular to a tunneling machine cutterhead, cutter head, and tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] Cutting tools are one of the core components of a full-face tunneling machine (TBM). When the cutterhead, housing the cutting tools, rotates and cuts through soil and gravel, especially during rock breaking, the impact force between the cutterhead and the tunnel face is significant. This force is transmitted through the cutterhead to the cutterhead, front shield, tail shield, and rear support modules, negatively impacting the lifespan of the cutterhead, bearings, seals, and electrical components. Increased wear on these components directly increases construction costs and slows down the construction schedule. Furthermore, vibration also has a negative impact on the physical and mental health of construction workers. Low-frequency vibrations, in particular, are close to the natural frequencies of many human organs, posing a greater risk of injury during construction and contradicting the societal advocacy for humane construction practices.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, patent application CN106401596A, published on February 15, 2017, discloses a device for reducing the impact load on a tunnel boring machine (TBM) cutterhead. The specification discloses a cutting tool comprising a cutter holder body and a hob. The cutter holder body has a mounting groove for the journal of a cutter shaft to be inserted. Hydraulic push rods are respectively provided on the bottom of the mounting groove and on one side of the groove wall. The hob includes a cutter shaft and a cutter wheel rotatably mounted on the cutter shaft. The journal of the cutter shaft has three anti-rotation surfaces; one anti-rotation surface cooperates with a pressure block on the cutter holder body, and the other two anti-rotation surfaces cooperate with two hydraulic push rods respectively. During the cutting of the tunnel face, the vibration generated is absorbed by the compression of the two hydraulic push rods, thereby achieving a certain degree of vibration mitigation.

[0004] While the aforementioned cutting tools can mitigate vibration to some extent, the fixed position of the pressure block means that when the cutter head is subjected to pressure and presses down on the hydraulic jack, a gap or even a larger space will appear between the journal and the pressure block. In this case, the constraint effect of the pressure block on the journal will disappear, leaving the journal unsecured and highly susceptible to tilting or displacement. Furthermore, when the pressure is released, the journal will be pushed towards the pressure block by the hydraulic jack, resulting in an impact that will still generate vibration. Moreover, the aforementioned tools only use a hydraulic jack between the journal and the cutter holder for vibration damping. When the cutterhead experiences significant vibration during excavation, the damping device between the cutter shaft and the cutter holder alone may not be sufficient, and severe vibration will still occur. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tunneling machine cutterhead to solve the vibration problem of existing full-face tunneling machine cutterheads. Furthermore, this invention also aims to provide a cutterhead and a tunneling machine using the aforementioned cutterhead.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the tunneling machine cutter of the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a tunneling machine cutter, including a cutter holder and a hob, wherein the cutter holder is provided with a mounting groove, the hob includes a cutter wheel and a cutter shaft, the journal of the cutter shaft is located in the mounting groove on the cutter holder and is pressed by a pressure block, the journal is supported by a cutter shaft buffer device at the bottom of the mounting groove, a movable pressure body is provided on one side of the mounting groove, the front end of the movable pressure body is provided with a mutually fitting inclined surface between the front end and the radial side of the corresponding journal, and an elastic support member is provided at the rear end of the movable pressure body. When the journal compresses the corresponding cutter shaft buffer device, the movable pressure body advances under the push of the rear elastic support member and presses the journal, and the rebound force of the cutter shaft buffer device is greater than the component force provided by the elastic support member to the journal towards the cutter shaft buffer device through the movable pressure body.

[0007] Beneficial effects: This invention improves upon existing technology by incorporating a movable clamping body on the tool holder. This movable clamping body features an inclined surface that engages with the journal, and an elastic support member is located at the rear. When vibration occurs, the journal compresses the tool shaft buffer device and moves away from the clamping block. The movable clamping body, under the action of the elastic support member, advances and provides a clamping force on the journal through the inclined surface, thus clamping the journal. Because the downward pressure on the journal provided by the elastic support member is less than the rebound force of the tool shaft buffer device, the tool shaft buffer device will drive the journal to reset after the pressure load on the front face of the tool disc disappears. During the reset process, the movable clamping body continuously clamps the journal, thereby preventing vibration caused by the rapid rebound of the tool shaft buffer device.

[0008] Furthermore, the cutter shaft buffer device includes a cutter shaft corrugated damping tube.

[0009] Furthermore, the cutter shaft bellows damping tube is fitted with a limiting sleeve to restrict the compression of the tube. By limiting the compression of the tube, the limiting sleeve protects it and prevents excessive journal movement, ensuring the tool remains in an effective cutting state.

[0010] Furthermore, the cutter shaft corrugated damping tube includes a tube body and an inflatable corrugated tube unit and a buffer solution disposed within the tube body.

[0011] Furthermore, the elastic support is a support spring mounted on top between the movable clamping body and the tool holder. Using a support spring as the elastic support has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

[0012] Furthermore, the surfaces of the journal that mate with the pressure block and the cutter shaft buffer device are both flat. The flat surface facilitates the mating with the pressure block and the cutter shaft buffer device, and also serves to prevent rotation.

[0013] Furthermore, the cutter also includes a mounting frame comprising a fixed plate and a movable plate arranged at intervals. A corrugated vibration damping tube is provided between the fixed plate and the movable plate. A guide rod is provided on the movable plate to guide and cooperate with the fixed plate, and the other end of the guide rod is connected to the cutter holder. The corrugated vibration damping tube can cooperate with the aforementioned cutter shaft buffer device to achieve a secondary vibration damping effect, further preventing vibration during tunneling.

[0014] Furthermore, the front side of the movable clamping body is flush with the surface of the pressure block that mates with the journal. With this structure, the surface of the pressure block that originally mates with the journal can provide support for the movable clamping body after the journal leaves the pressure block, ensuring the reliability of the structure.

[0015] Furthermore, the tool holder and the movable plate are respectively located on both sides of the fixed plate, and the tool holder vibration damping bellows is a suspended bellows vibration isolator.

[0016] The cutter head of the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0017] A cutter head includes a cutter head base and cutters mounted on the cutter head base. The cutters include a cutter holder and a hob. The cutter holder has a mounting groove. The hob includes a cutter wheel and a cutter shaft. The journal of the cutter shaft is located in the mounting groove on the cutter holder and is pressed by a pressure block. The journal is supported by a cutter shaft buffer device at the bottom of the mounting groove. A movable clamping body is provided on one side of the mounting groove. The front end of the movable clamping body and the corresponding journal have mutually fitting inclined surfaces. The rear end of the movable clamping body has an elastic support member. When the journal compresses the corresponding cutter shaft buffer device, the movable clamping body advances under the push of the rear elastic support member and presses the journal. The rebound force of the cutter shaft buffer device is greater than the component force provided by the elastic support member to the journal towards the cutter shaft buffer device through the movable clamping body.

[0018] Beneficial effects: This invention improves upon existing technology by incorporating a movable clamping body on the tool holder. This movable clamping body features an inclined surface that engages with the journal, and an elastic support is located at its rear. When vibration occurs, the journal compresses the tool shaft buffer device. As it moves away from the clamping block, the movable clamping body, under the action of the elastic support, advances and provides a clamping force on the journal via the inclined surface, effectively clamping the journal. Since the downward pressure on the journal provided by the elastic support is less than the rebound force of the tool shaft buffer device, the tool shaft buffer device will drive the journal to reset after the pressure load on the front face of the tool disc disappears. During the reset process, the movable clamping body continuously clamps the journal, thus preventing vibration caused by the rapid rebound of the tool shaft buffer device.

[0019] Furthermore, the cutter shaft buffer device includes a cutter shaft corrugated damping tube.

[0020] Furthermore, the cutter shaft bellows damping tube is fitted with a limiting sleeve to restrict the compression of the tube. By limiting the compression of the tube, the limiting sleeve protects it and prevents excessive journal movement, ensuring the tool remains in an effective cutting state.

[0021] Furthermore, the cutter shaft corrugated damping tube includes a tube body and an inflatable corrugated tube unit and a buffer solution disposed within the tube body.

[0022] Furthermore, the elastic support is a support spring mounted on top between the movable clamping body and the tool holder. Using a support spring as the elastic support has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

[0023] Furthermore, the surfaces of the journal that mate with the pressure block and the cutter shaft buffer device are both flat. The flat surface facilitates the mating with the pressure block and the cutter shaft buffer device, and also serves to prevent rotation.

[0024] Furthermore, the cutter also includes a mounting frame comprising a fixed plate and a movable plate arranged at intervals. A corrugated vibration damping tube is provided between the fixed plate and the movable plate. A guide rod is provided on the movable plate to guide and cooperate with the fixed plate, and the other end of the guide rod is connected to the cutter holder. The corrugated vibration damping tube can cooperate with the aforementioned cutter shaft buffer device to achieve a secondary vibration damping effect, further preventing vibration during tunneling.

[0025] Furthermore, the front side of the movable clamping body is flush with the surface of the pressure block that mates with the journal. With this structure, the surface of the pressure block that originally mates with the journal can provide support for the movable clamping body after the journal leaves the pressure block, ensuring the reliability of the structure.

[0026] Furthermore, the tool holder and the movable plate are respectively located on both sides of the fixed plate, and the tool holder vibration damping bellows is a suspended bellows vibration isolator.

[0027] The tunneling machine of the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0028] A tunneling machine includes a cutterhead, which comprises a cutterhead base and cutters mounted on the cutterhead base. Each cutter includes a cutter holder and a hob. The cutter holder has a mounting groove. The hob includes a cutter wheel and a cutter shaft. The journal of the cutter shaft is located in the mounting groove on the cutter holder and is pressed by a pressure block. The journal is supported by a cutter shaft buffer device at the bottom of the mounting groove. A movable pressure body is provided on one side of the mounting groove. The front end of the movable pressure body has a mutually engaging inclined surface with the corresponding journal. The rear end of the movable pressure body has an elastic support member. When the journal compresses the corresponding cutter shaft buffer device, the movable pressure body advances under the push of the rear elastic support member and presses against the journal. The rebound force of the cutter shaft buffer device is greater than the component force exerted by the elastic support member on the journal via the movable pressure body, directed towards the cutter shaft buffer device.

[0029] Beneficial effects: This invention improves upon existing technology by incorporating a movable clamping body on the tool holder. This movable clamping body features an inclined surface that engages with the journal, and an elastic support is located at its rear. When vibration occurs, the journal compresses the tool shaft buffer device. As it moves away from the clamping block, the movable clamping body, under the action of the elastic support, advances and provides a clamping force on the journal via the inclined surface, effectively clamping the journal. Since the downward pressure on the journal provided by the elastic support is less than the rebound force of the tool shaft buffer device, the tool shaft buffer device will drive the journal to reset after the pressure load on the front face of the tool disc disappears. During the reset process, the movable clamping body continuously clamps the journal, thus preventing vibration caused by the rapid rebound of the tool shaft buffer device.

[0030] Furthermore, the cutter shaft buffer device includes a cutter shaft corrugated damping tube.

[0031] Furthermore, the cutter shaft bellows damping tube is fitted with a limiting sleeve to restrict the compression of the tube. By limiting the compression of the tube, the limiting sleeve protects it and prevents excessive journal movement, ensuring the tool remains in an effective cutting state.

[0032] Furthermore, the cutter shaft corrugated damping tube includes a tube body and an inflatable corrugated tube unit and a buffer solution disposed within the tube body.

[0033] Furthermore, the elastic support is a support spring mounted on top between the movable clamping body and the tool holder. Using a support spring as the elastic support has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

[0034] Furthermore, the surfaces of the journal that mate with the pressure block and the cutter shaft buffer device are both flat. The flat surface facilitates the mating with the pressure block and the cutter shaft buffer device, and also serves to prevent rotation.

[0035] Furthermore, the cutter also includes a mounting frame comprising a fixed plate and a movable plate arranged at intervals. A corrugated vibration damping tube is provided between the fixed plate and the movable plate. A guide rod is provided on the movable plate to guide and cooperate with the fixed plate, and the other end of the guide rod is connected to the cutter holder. The corrugated vibration damping tube can cooperate with the aforementioned cutter shaft buffer device to achieve a secondary vibration damping effect, further preventing vibration during tunneling.

[0036] Furthermore, the front side of the movable clamping body is flush with the surface of the pressure block that mates with the journal. With this structure, the surface of the pressure block that originally mates with the journal can provide support for the movable clamping body after the journal leaves the pressure block, ensuring the reliability of the structure.

[0037] Furthermore, the tool holder and the movable plate are respectively located on both sides of the fixed plate, and the tool holder vibration damping bellows is a suspended bellows vibration isolator. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the tunneling machine cutting tool of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA section view;

[0040] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion at point D.

[0041] In the diagram: 101, mounting bracket; 11, base plate; 12, top plate; 13, support rod; 14, guide rod; 15, movable plate; 16, corrugated vibration damping tube for cutter holder; 102, cutter holder; 103, hobbing cutter; 31, cutter wheel; 32, cutter shaft; 104, pressure block; 105, cutter shaft buffer device; 106, limiting sleeve; 107, movable clamping body; 108, elastic support component. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; that is, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0043] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0044] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, terms such as "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0045] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0046] Embodiment 1 of the tunneling machine cutting tool of the present invention:

[0047] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the tool includes a mounting bracket 101, a tool holder 102, and a hob 103.

[0048] The structure of mounting bracket 101 is as follows: Figure 1As shown, the system includes a base plate 11, a top plate 12, and a support rod 13 (not limited to a rod shape, but can also be other shapes) connecting the top plate 12 and the base plate 11. A movable plate 15 is mounted on the top plate 12 via a guide rod 14. The rear end of the guide rod 14 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 15, and the front end passes through the top plate 12, providing a guiding fit. After installation, the movable plate 15 can move up and down relative to the top plate 12, thus the top plate 12 forms a fixed plate relative to the movable plate 15. A tool holder corrugated vibration damping tube 16 is provided between the top plate 12 and the movable plate 15. The tool holder corrugated vibration damping tube 16 is a suspended corrugated pipe vibration isolator. Specifically, the front end of the tool holder corrugated vibration damping tube 16 is fixedly and sealed to the top plate 12, and the rear end is fixedly and sealed to the movable plate 15. The tool holder corrugated vibration damping tube 16 is filled with an inflatable corrugated pipe unit and a buffer solution. In this embodiment, the buffer solution is hydraulic oil. During operation, the corrugated damping tube 16 of the tool holder absorbs the mechanical energy of vibration and dissipates it as internal frictional heat. The corrugated damping tube primarily utilizes hydraulic oil to transmit pressure, providing elasticity through the compression of the inflatable bellows unit. It exhibits piecewise linear stiffness characteristics. By suspending the bellows container and subjecting the damping tube to tension when the structure is under pressure, near-zero stiffness can be achieved, reducing vibration transmission, especially low-frequency vibrations. In use, the tool of this invention can be mounted onto the tool holder base of the tool holder via the mounting bracket 101.

[0049] The structure of the tool holder 102 is as follows Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, in this embodiment, the cutter holder 102 is specifically a box-type cutter holder, and the front end of the cutter holder 102 can be used to install the roller cutter 103. The rear end of the cutter holder 102 is connected to the guide rod 14. The distance between the rear end of the cutter holder 102 and the top plate 12 of the mounting frame 101 is specially designed so that when the corrugated vibration damping tube 16 of the cutter holder is stretched to a certain extent, the rear end of the cutter holder 102 and the top plate 12 block each other, thereby protecting the corrugated vibration damping tube 16 on the one hand, and ensuring that the roller cutter 103 can continue to work normally in rock breaking on the other hand.

[0050] The hob 103 includes a cutter wheel 31 and a cutter shaft 32, with the cutter wheel 31 rotatably mounted on the cutter shaft 32. The journal of the cutter shaft 32 is installed in a mounting groove at the front end of the cutter holder 102 and is constrained by a pressure block 104. Figure 2 , 3As shown, a further formed groove is provided on the bottom of the mounting groove, in which a cutter shaft buffer device 105 is installed. The cutter shaft buffer device 105 is supported on the journal of the cutter shaft 32. When the hob 103 is subjected to compressive force and moves backward, it can compress the cutter shaft buffer device 105, which absorbs energy and blocks the vibration transmission path. In this embodiment, the cutter shaft buffer device 105 is a cutter shaft corrugated vibration damping tube. Compared with the cutter seat corrugated vibration damping tube, the cutter shaft corrugated vibration damping tube is a compression tube. The rest is the same as the cutter seat corrugated vibration damping tube, which will not be described in detail here. In order to protect the cutter shaft corrugated vibration damping tube and to ensure that the hob can continue to work normally in rock breaking, a limiting sleeve 106 is fitted on the outside of the cutter shaft corrugated vibration damping tube to limit the compression of the cutter shaft corrugated vibration damping tube.

[0051] Another groove is provided on the wall of the mounting slot, in which a movable clamping body 107 is installed. The movable clamping body 107 can move radially along the cutter shaft 32. In this embodiment, the movable clamping body 107 is specifically a clamping slider. The front end of the clamping slider (the end near the cutter shaft) is provided with an inclined surface, and the journal of the cutter shaft 32 is provided with an inclined surface that corresponds to and fits against the aforementioned inclined surface. This allows the clamping slider to apply a rearward component force to the journal of the cutter shaft 32 when it moves forward, thereby clamping the journal. An elastic support member 108 is mounted on the rear end of the movable clamping body 107. The elastic support member 108 presses the movable clamping body 107 forward, and the downward component force on the journal generated by it is less than the rebound force of the cutter shaft buffer device. Because the cutter shaft buffer device can overcome the force of the elastic support member, the hob is reset.

[0052] In this embodiment, the surfaces of the journal that mate with the pressure block and the cutter shaft buffer device are both flat, which provides an anti-rotation effect. The front side of the movable clamping body is flush with the surface of the pressure block 104 that mates with the journal. With this structure, the surface of the pressure block 104 that originally mates with the journal can provide support for the movable clamping body 107 after the journal leaves the pressure block, ensuring the reliability of the structure. Of course, in other embodiments, the above-mentioned position of the journal can also be an arc surface. In this case, an anti-rotation structure can be provided at other parts of the cutter shaft.

[0053] In this embodiment, the cutting tool has two levels of vibration damping: one level is located at the journal of the hob, and the other level is located between the tool holder and the mounting bracket. The two levels of damping are arranged in series, but can function individually or in combination. When the hob interacts with the tunnel face, the cutter shaft buffer device adapts to the compression of the corrugated damping tube of the hob shaft. Simultaneously, the movable clamping body moves forward to fill the gap between the journal and the clamping block, while also clamping the journal to ensure no clearance movement. When the hob's downward stroke exceeds a certain distance, the journal and the limiting sleeve rigidly engage, protecting the corrugated damping tube from over-stroke breakage and ensuring the hob can continue its normal rock-breaking operation.

[0054] When the entire cutting tool moves downward under the action of force, the corrugated damping tube of the tool holder can play a role in damping vibration. When the limit stroke is reached, the tool holder is in rigid contact with the top plate of the mounting frame, ensuring normal rock breaking even in rock conditions with high hardness.

[0055] Embodiment 2 of the tunneling machine cutting tool of the present invention:

[0056] In Embodiment 1 of the tunneling machine cutter of the present invention, in order to achieve two-stage vibration reduction of the cutter, a cutter shaft buffer device is provided between the journal of the cutter shaft and the cutter holder, and a cutter holder corrugated vibration damping tube is provided between the cutter holder and the mounting frame. In this embodiment, only the cutter shaft buffer device is provided. In this case, the cutter can still play a role in vibration reduction and is suitable for some bottom excavation.

[0057] Embodiment 3 of the tunneling machine cutting tool of the present invention:

[0058] In embodiments 1 and 2 of the tunneling machine cutter of the present invention, the cutter shaft vibration damping device uses a corrugated vibration damping tube. In this embodiment, the cutter shaft vibration damping device specifically uses a damping spring, specifically a helical spring. Of course, in other embodiments, the damping spring can also be a hydraulic spring, a pneumatic spring, or a disc spring.

[0059] Embodiment 4 of the tunneling machine cutting tool of the present invention:

[0060] In embodiments 1, 2, and 3 of the tunneling machine cutter of the present invention, the cutter shaft vibration damping device is equipped with a limiting sleeve. In this embodiment, no limiting sleeve is provided. In this case, the cutter shaft vibration damping device controls the translation amount of the cutter shaft by a preset compression limit. For example, when it is compressed to a certain extent, the cutter shaft vibration damping device can no longer compress.

[0061] Embodiment 5 of the tunneling machine cutting tool of the present invention:

[0062] In embodiments 1-4 of the tunneling machine cutter of the present invention, the movable plate and the cutter holder are respectively located on both sides of the top plate (fixed plate) of the mounting frame. In this embodiment, the movable plate and the cutter holder are respectively located on the same side of the top plate of the mounting frame. At this time, the cutter holder damping bellows will become a compression type damping bellows, with the same structure as the cutter shaft buffer device.

[0063] Embodiments of the cutter head of the present invention:

[0064] The cutterhead includes a cutterhead base and cutters mounted on the cutterhead base, wherein the cutters may adopt the structure of any of the cutters in embodiments 1-5 of the tunneling machine cutters of the present invention.

[0065] Embodiments of the tunneling machine of the present invention:

[0066] The tunneling machine includes a cutterhead, wherein the cutterhead is the cutterhead of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunneling machine cutter, comprising a cutter holder (102) and a hob (103), wherein the cutter holder (102) is provided with a mounting groove, the hob (103) comprises a cutter wheel (31) and a cutter shaft (32), the journal of the cutter shaft (32) is located in the mounting groove on the cutter holder (102) and is pressed by a pressure block (104), the journal is supported by a cutter shaft buffer device (105) at the bottom of the mounting groove, characterized in that, A movable clamping body (107) is provided on one side of the mounting groove. The front end of the movable clamping body (107) and the corresponding radial side of the journal are provided with mutually fitting inclined surfaces. The inclined surfaces are located on the side of the journal away from the cutter shaft buffer device (105). An elastic support member (108) is provided at the rear end of the movable clamping body (107). When the journal compresses the corresponding cutter shaft buffer device (105), the movable clamping body (107) advances and clamps the journal under the push of the rear elastic support member (108), and provides a component force toward the cutter shaft buffer device (105) to the journal through the mutually fitting inclined surfaces. The rebound force of the cutter shaft buffer device (105) is greater than the component force toward the cutter shaft buffer device (105) provided by the elastic support member (108) to the journal through the movable clamping body (107).

2. The tunneling machine cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter shaft buffer device (105) includes a cutter shaft corrugated damping tube.

3. The tunneling machine cutting tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cutter shaft corrugated damping tube is fitted with a limiting sleeve (106) to limit the compression of the cutter shaft corrugated damping tube.

4. The tunneling machine cutting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cutter shaft corrugated damping tube includes a tube body, an air-filled corrugated tube unit body, and a buffer solution disposed within the tube body.

5. The tunneling machine cutting tool according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The elastic support (108) is a support spring mounted on top between the movable clamping body (107) and the knife holder (102).

6. The tunneling machine cutting tool according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The surfaces of the journal that mate with the pressure block (104) and the cutter shaft buffer device (105) are both planes.

7. The tunneling machine cutting tool according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The tool also includes a mounting bracket (101), which includes a fixed plate and a movable plate (15) arranged at intervals. A corrugated damping tube (16) for the tool holder is provided between the fixed plate and the movable plate (15). A guide rod (14) is provided on the movable plate (15) to guide and cooperate with the fixed plate. The other end of the guide rod (14) is connected to the tool holder (102).

8. The tunneling machine cutting tool according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The front side of the movable clamping body (107) is flush with the surface of the clamping block (104) that mates with the journal.

9. A cutter head, comprising a cutter head base and a cutting tool mounted on the cutter head base, the cutting tool comprising a cutter holder (102) and a hob (103), the cutter holder (102) having a mounting groove, the hob (103) comprising a cutter wheel (31) and a cutter shaft (32), the journal of the cutter shaft (32) being located in the mounting groove on the cutter holder (102) and pressed by a pressure block (104), the journal being supported by a cutter shaft buffer device (105) at the bottom of the mounting groove, characterized in that, A movable clamping body (107) is provided on one side of the mounting groove. The front end of the movable clamping body (107) and the corresponding radial side of the journal are provided with mutually fitting inclined surfaces. The inclined surfaces are located on the side of the journal away from the cutter shaft buffer device (105). An elastic support member (108) is provided at the rear end of the movable clamping body (107). When the journal compresses the corresponding cutter shaft buffer device (105), the movable clamping body (107) advances and clamps the journal under the push of the rear elastic support member (108), and provides a component force toward the cutter shaft buffer device (105) to the journal through the mutually fitting inclined surfaces. The rebound force of the cutter shaft buffer device (105) is greater than the component force toward the cutter shaft buffer device (105) provided by the elastic support member (108) to the journal through the movable clamping body (107).

10. The cutter head according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cutter shaft buffer device (105) includes a cutter shaft corrugated damping tube.

11. The cutter head according to claim 10, characterized in that, The cutter shaft corrugated damping tube is fitted with a limiting sleeve (106) to limit the compression of the cutter shaft corrugated damping tube.

12. The cutter head according to claim 11, characterized in that, The cutter shaft corrugated damping tube includes a tube body, an air-filled corrugated tube unit body, and a buffer solution disposed within the tube body.

13. The cutter head according to any one of claims 9-12, characterized in that, The elastic support (108) is a support spring mounted on top between the movable clamping body (107) and the knife holder (102).

14. The cutter head according to any one of claims 9-12, characterized in that, The surfaces of the journal that mate with the pressure block (104) and the cutter shaft buffer device (105) are both planes.

15. The cutter head according to any one of claims 9-12, characterized in that, The tool also includes a mounting bracket (101), which includes a fixed plate and a movable plate (15) arranged at intervals. A corrugated damping tube (16) for the tool holder is provided between the fixed plate and the movable plate (15). A guide rod (14) is provided on the movable plate (15) to guide and cooperate with the fixed plate. The other end of the guide rod (14) is connected to the tool holder (102).

16. The cutter head according to any one of claims 9-12, characterized in that, The front side of the movable clamping body (107) is flush with the surface of the clamping block (104) that mates with the journal.

17. A tunneling machine, comprising a cutterhead, the cutterhead comprising a cutterhead base and cutters mounted on the cutterhead base, the cutters comprising a cutter holder (102) and a hob (103), the cutter holder (102) having a mounting groove, the hob (103) comprising a cutter wheel (31) and a cutter shaft (32), the journal of the cutter shaft (32) being located in the mounting groove on the cutter holder (102) and being pressed by a pressure block (104), the journal being supported by a cutter shaft buffer device (105) at the bottom of the mounting groove, characterized in that, A movable clamping body (107) is provided on one side of the mounting groove. The front end of the movable clamping body (107) and the corresponding radial side of the journal are provided with mutually fitting inclined surfaces. The inclined surfaces are located on the side of the journal away from the cutter shaft buffer device (105). An elastic support member (108) is provided at the rear end of the movable clamping body (107). When the journal compresses the corresponding cutter shaft buffer device (105), the movable clamping body (107) advances and clamps the journal under the push of the rear elastic support member (108), and provides a component force toward the cutter shaft buffer device (105) to the journal through the mutually fitting inclined surfaces. The rebound force of the cutter shaft buffer device (105) is greater than the component force toward the cutter shaft buffer device (105) provided by the elastic support member (108) to the journal through the movable clamping body (107).

18. The tunneling machine according to claim 17, characterized in that, The cutter shaft buffer device (105) includes a cutter shaft corrugated damping tube.

19. The tunneling machine according to claim 18, characterized in that, The cutter shaft corrugated damping tube is fitted with a limiting sleeve (106) to limit the compression of the cutter shaft corrugated damping tube.

20. The tunneling machine according to claim 19, characterized in that, The cutter shaft corrugated damping tube includes a tube body, an air-filled corrugated tube unit body, and a buffer solution disposed within the tube body.

21. The tunneling machine according to any one of claims 17-20, characterized in that, The elastic support (108) is a support spring mounted on top between the movable clamping body (107) and the knife holder (102).

22. The tunneling machine according to any one of claims 17-20, characterized in that, The surfaces of the journal that mate with the pressure block (104) and the cutter shaft buffer device (105) are both planes.

23. The tunneling machine according to any one of claims 17-20, characterized in that, The tool also includes a mounting bracket (101), which includes a fixed plate and a movable plate (15) arranged at intervals. A corrugated damping tube (16) for the tool holder is provided between the fixed plate and the movable plate (15). A guide rod (14) is provided on the movable plate (15) to guide and cooperate with the fixed plate. The other end of the guide rod (14) is connected to the tool holder (102).

24. The tunneling machine according to any one of claims 17-20, characterized in that, The front side of the movable clamping body (107) is flush with the surface of the clamping block (104) that mates with the journal.

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