Gas guide built-in cyclone preheater

Abstract

The application relates to the field of cement production equipment, in particular to a built-in air guide type cyclone preheater, which comprises a cyclone cylinder, a mixed heat exchanger, a straight air inlet pipe, a straight air outlet pipe and a connecting pipe; the top of the cyclone cylinder is provided with a feeding port, and the bottom is provided with a discharging port; in the mixed heat exchanger, the material is vertically sent downwards from the top, and the gas is obliquely sent upwards from the bottom, so that the gas flow and the descending material flow form cross convection mixing, and the material is more uniformly distributed in the gas; the annular heat exchange pipe, the straight air inlet pipe and the straight air outlet pipe are arranged, so that the airflow cannot be strongly deflected in the bending, material accumulation and caking at the bending are avoided, and the gas flow resistance is reduced; the annular heat exchange pipe, the straight air inlet pipe and the straight air outlet pipe are arranged in the cyclone preheater, so that the overall multi-stage cyclone preheating system is more compact, that is, the total height is lower compared with the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cement production equipment, and more specifically to a built-in air-guided cyclone preheater. Background Technology

[0002] Cyclone preheaters are used to separate fine particles from flowing gas by centrifugal force. They consist of a cylindrical shell, usually sloping downwards. The airflow carrying the solid particles to be separated cuts in directly from under the top cover of the shell, creating a vortex flow within the shell. During this process, the particles are thrown against the wall by centrifugal force, where they are strongly decelerated due to friction. The decelerated particles then slide downwards in the container and enter the gas supply pipe or collection container for the next lower separator through an outlet opening provided at the lower end of the separator shell. The purified airflow is then extracted from the separator shell through an outlet pipe located in the center of the top cover.

[0003] Existing cyclone preheaters mainly include Humboldt type and Smith type, etc. Their cyclone tubes are roughly funnel-shaped, with an air outlet pipe connected to the top and a material discharge pipe connected to the bottom. An air inlet is provided on the upper side wall of the cyclone tube. The cyclone tubes are arranged in a crisscross pattern to form two longitudinal parallel axes. The air outlet pipe of the next stage cyclone tube is connected to the air inlet of the previous stage cyclone tube located on its upper left or upper right side. The material discharge pipe of the upper stage cyclone tube located directly above it is inserted into the air outlet pipe of the cyclone tube. These cyclone tubes are connected in series vertically and a decomposition furnace is set between the two lowest cyclone preheaters to form a multi-stage cyclone preheating system.

[0004] Multi-stage cyclone preheating systems composed of this type of cyclone preheater have the following disadvantages:

[0005] 1. The system has a large overall height, which results in a high pressure loss in the boost gas stage connecting the various separator stages, and also requires a relatively high cost.

[0006] 2. The material falling from the discharge pipe of the separator is laterally fed into the rising airflow, which leads to high-impact exchange between the material and the airflow. This can easily cause wear on the piping system and is not conducive to the uniform distribution of the material in the airflow, resulting in unsatisfactory heat exchange.

[0007] 3. Due to the cross-connection design of each cyclone preheater in the multi-stage cyclone preheater, the heat exchange pipes will have strong bends, and the material will accumulate and clump at the bends. In addition, the cross-connection design greatly lengthens the movement path of the material and gas, which increases the flow resistance of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Therefore, this invention was made in view of the above problems. The purpose of this invention is to solve several problems existing in the existing multi-stage cyclone preheating system by setting up annular heat exchange tubes, straight inlet air ducts and straight outlet air ducts, and placing the annular heat exchange tubes, straight inlet air ducts and straight outlet air ducts inside the cyclone preheater. This invention achieves the above objective through the following technical solution:

[0009] An internally mounted cyclone preheater includes a cyclone cylinder, a mixing heat exchanger, a straight inlet duct, a straight outlet duct, and a connecting pipe. The cyclone cylinder has an inlet at the top and an outlet at the bottom. A mixing heat exchanger is fixedly installed inside the cyclone cylinder near its upper end. The mixing heat exchanger consists of a mixing cylinder, a spiral heat exchange tube, a material gathering disc, and a dispersing disc. A spiral heat exchange tube is provided on the outer wall of the mixing cylinder. A material gathering disc, which is an inverted conical disc structure, is located at the upper end of the mixing cylinder and is directly below the inlet on the cyclone cylinder. A dispersing disc is located at the lower end of the mixing cylinder. The straight inlet duct is fixedly installed inside the cyclone cylinder at the lower end of the mixing heat exchanger, and its upper end communicates with the interior of the mixing cylinder. A straight outlet duct is fixedly installed inside the straight inlet duct, and a connecting pipe connects the straight outlet duct and the straight inlet duct. The other end of the connecting pipe communicates with the interior of the cyclone cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, multiple air-guided built-in cyclone preheaters are arranged vertically to form a multi-stage cyclone preheating system.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the spiral heat exchange tube is tangentially connected to the inner wall of the mixing cylinder, and the other end is tangentially connected to the inner wall of the cyclone separator.

[0012] Preferably, the dispersing fan is a conical disc structure, with the dispersing fan and the material gathering disc arranged opposite to each other, and multiple dispersing air holes provided on the conical surface of the dispersing fan.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the direct outlet duct passes through the center of the mixing heat exchanger and is connected to the exhaust gas dust removal system inside the direct inlet duct of the previous stage or outside the system, and the other end is connected to the connecting pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the gas in the straight-inlet duct is dispersed into multiple airflows through the dispersion holes on the dispersion fan and enters the mixing cylinder to mix with the material flowing down from the material collection plate. After mixing, the gas flows out through the spiral heat exchange tube into the cyclone. After the gas and material are separated by forming a vortex inside the cyclone, the gas can enter the straight-outlet duct through the connecting pipe and then enter the next-level straight-inlet duct or the exhaust gas dust removal system outside the system.

[0015] Beneficial effects of this invention:

[0016] 1. In the mixing heat exchanger, the material is fed vertically downward from the top, and the gas is fed obliquely upward from the bottom, so that the gas flow and the descending material flow form a cross-convection mixing, making the material more evenly distributed in the gas.

[0017] 2. By setting up annular heat exchange tubes, straight inlet air ducts and straight outlet air ducts, the airflow will not be strongly deflected in the bend, avoiding the accumulation and agglomeration of materials at the bend and reducing gas flow resistance;

[0018] 3. By setting the annular heat exchange tube, the straight inlet air duct and the straight outlet air duct inside the cyclone preheater, the multi-stage cyclone preheating system is made more compact, that is, it has a lower overall height compared with the existing technology.

[0019] 4. After passing through the spiral heat exchange tubes on the mixing heat exchanger, the mixed gas enters the cyclone in a swirling manner, which makes the transition of the mixed gas into the cyclone particularly stable, thereby avoiding disturbing turbulence;

[0020] 5. By setting up annular heat exchange tubes, the heat exchange time between the material and the high-temperature flue gas is extended;

[0021] 6. The arrangement of the annular heat exchange tube, the straight inlet air duct, and the straight outlet air duct inside the cyclone preheater ensures that the heat dissipated when the high-temperature gas flows inside the tubes is not lost, and the temperature inside the cyclone and the annular heat exchange tube is higher, resulting in higher heat exchange efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a built-in air-guiding cyclone preheater according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic half-section diagram of an internally mounted cyclone preheater according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view along line AA.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, cyclone separator; 110, feed inlet; 120, discharge outlet; 200, mixing heat exchanger; 210, mixing cylinder; 220, spiral heat exchange tube; 230, material gathering plate; 240, dispersing air plate; 241, dispersing air hole; 300, straight inlet air duct; 400, straight outlet air duct; 500, connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can also be implemented in various different forms, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. In addition, for the purpose of more clearly describing the present invention, parts not connected to the invention will be omitted from the drawings.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, multiple air-guided built-in cyclone preheaters are arranged vertically to form a multi-stage cyclone preheating system;

[0028] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, a built-in air-guiding cyclone preheater includes: a cyclone 100, a mixing heat exchanger 200, a straight air inlet duct 300, a straight air outlet duct 400, and a connecting pipe 500.

[0029] The cyclone 100 is roughly funnel-shaped, with an inlet 110 at the top and an outlet 120 at the bottom. A mixing heat exchanger 200 is fixedly installed inside the cyclone 100 near its upper end. The mixing heat exchanger 200 consists of a mixing cylinder 210, a spiral heat exchange tube 220, a material gathering disc 230, and a dispersing fan disc 240. The mixing cylinder 210 is a cylindrical structure, and a spiral heat exchange tube 220 is provided on its outer wall. One end of the spiral heat exchange tube 220 is tangentially connected to the inner wall of the mixing cylinder 210, and the other end is connected to the cyclone. The inner walls of the cylinder 100 are tangentially connected. The upper end of the mixing cylinder 210 is provided with a material gathering plate 230. The material gathering plate 230 is an inverted conical plate structure and is located directly below the feed inlet 110 on the cyclone cylinder 100. The material flowing from the feed inlet 110 will fall into the material gathering plate 230 and be discharged from the middle and lower end of the material gathering plate 230. The lower end of the mixing cylinder 210 is provided with a dispersing air plate 240. The dispersing air plate 240 is a positive conical plate structure. The dispersing air plate 240 is arranged opposite to the material gathering plate 230. Multiple dispersing air holes 241 are provided on the conical surface of the dispersing air plate 240.

[0030] The straight-inlet duct 300 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the mixing heat exchanger 200 inside the cyclone 100. The upper end of the straight-inlet duct 300 is connected to the interior of the mixing cylinder 210. A straight-outlet duct 400 is fixedly installed inside the straight-inlet duct 300. A connecting pipe 500 is provided between the straight-outlet duct 400 and the straight-inlet duct 300. One end of the straight-outlet duct 400 passes through the center of the mixing heat exchanger 200 and is connected to the exhaust gas dust removal system inside the previous-stage straight-inlet duct 300 or outside the system. The other end is connected to the connecting pipe 500. The gas in the direct inlet duct 300 is dispersed into multiple airflows through the dispersion holes 241 on the dispersion fan 240 and enters the mixing cylinder 210 to mix with the material flowing down from the material collection plate 230. After mixing, the gas flows out through the spiral heat exchange tube 220 into the cyclone 100. After the gas and material are separated by forming a vortex inside the cyclone 100, the gas can enter the direct outlet duct 400 through the connecting pipe 500 and enter the next-level direct inlet duct 300 or the exhaust gas dust removal system outside the system through the direct outlet duct 400.

[0031] Working principle of this invention:

[0032] The high-temperature flue gas discharged from the rotary kiln enters through the direct inlet duct 300 in the cyclone preheater at the bottom. The material discharged from the crusher enters through the feed inlet 110 on the cyclone preheater at the top. The high-temperature flue gas flows into the mixing cylinder 210 through the direct inlet duct 300 and is dispersed into multiple airflows by the dispersion holes 241 on the dispersion plate 240 in the mixing cylinder 210. The material entering from the feed inlet 110 enters the interior of the mixing cylinder 210 through the material gathering plate 230 and collides and mixes with the multiple airflows ejected from the dispersion holes 241. After forming a mixed airflow, it is discharged from the spiral heat exchange tube 220 into the interior of the cyclone cylinder 100. After the material and gas are separated by forming a swirling flow inside the cyclone cylinder 100, the gas can enter the interior of the direct outlet duct 400 through the connecting pipe 500 and enter the upper-level direct inlet duct 300 or the exhaust gas dust removal system outside the system through the direct outlet duct 400.

Claims

1. A gas guide built-in cyclone preheater, comprising a cyclone cylinder (100), a mixing heat exchanger (200), a straight air inlet pipe (300), a straight air outlet pipe (400), a connecting pipe (500); characterized in that: The cyclone cylinder (100) is provided with a feeding port (110) at the top and a discharging port (120) at the bottom; the inside of the cyclone cylinder (100) is fixedly provided with a mixing heat exchanger (200) near the upper end; the mixing heat exchanger (200) is composed of a mixing cylinder (210), a spiral heat exchange pipe (220), a material collecting disc (230) and a dispersion air disc (240); the outer wall of the mixing cylinder (210) is provided with a spiral heat exchange pipe (220); the upper end of the mixing cylinder (210) is provided with a material collecting disc (230), which is a reverse conical disc structure and is located directly below the feeding port (110) of the cyclone cylinder (100); the lower end of the mixing cylinder (210) is provided with a dispersion air disc (240); a straight air inlet pipe (300) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the mixing heat exchanger (200) in the cyclone cylinder (100), and the upper end of the straight air inlet pipe (300) is communicated with the inside of the mixing cylinder (210); a straight air outlet pipe (400) is fixedly installed in the straight air inlet pipe (300), and a connecting pipe (500) is arranged between the straight air inlet pipe (300) and the straight air outlet pipe (400); the other end of the connecting pipe (500) is communicated with the inside of the cyclone cylinder (100); a plurality of the gas guide built-in cyclone preheaters are arranged in multiple levels to form a multi-stage cyclone preheating system; one end of the spiral heat exchange pipe (220) is tangentially communicated with the inner wall of the mixing cylinder (210), and the other end is tangentially communicated with the inner wall of the cyclone cylinder (100); the dispersion air disc (240) is a positive conical disc structure, and the dispersion air disc (240) is arranged opposite to the material collecting disc (230), and a plurality of dispersion air holes (241) are arranged on the conical surface of the dispersion air disc (240); one end of the straight air outlet pipe (400) penetrates through the center of the mixing heat exchanger (200) and is communicated with the inside of the straight air inlet pipe (300) of the upper stage or a waste gas dust removal system outside the system, and the other end is communicated with the connecting pipe (500).

2. A gas-guided built-in cyclone preheater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas in the straight air inlet pipe (300) is dispersed into a plurality of gas streams through the dispersion air holes (241) on the dispersion air disc (240) and enters the inside of the mixing cylinder (210) to mix with the material flowing down on the material collecting disc (230), and then flows out to the inside of the cyclone cylinder (100) through the spiral heat exchange pipe (220), and forms a rotational flow in the cyclone cylinder (100) to complete the separation of the material and the gas, and then the gas enters the inside of the straight air outlet pipe (400) through the connecting pipe (500) and enters the straight air inlet pipe (300) of the upper stage or the waste gas dust removal system outside the system.

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