Mountain landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system

Abstract

The mountain landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system has special optical fibers covering high areas of mountain landslides, uses segmented fiber cores to bend with landslide soil bodies, and generates light color signals that produce early warning signals in response to small amplitude mountain landslides, has the advantages of wide coverage, low laying cost, and can long time uninterrupted real-time monitoring of mountain landslide situation. Combined with satellite remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography, high position monitoring video and sensor monitoring equipment, form a "sky-ground" situation awareness system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of typhoon disaster risk early warning, in particular to a mountain landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Landslide refers to the overall movement phenomenon of the rock-soil body constituting the slope under the action of gravity and the shear action on the lower weak surface. Landslide disaster is one of the main forms of geological disasters causing human life and property loss.

[0003] At present, common landslide monitoring methods include remote sensing method, monitoring device monitoring method, joint measurement method, etc. The monitoring device monitoring method is to set the monitoring device on the measured slope surface, and observe the movement of the monitoring component on the monitoring device to monitor, but if the monitoring personnel observes the movement and landslides, it will be dangerous. The remote sensing method uses satellites, airplanes, etc. to shoot the deformation of landslides, but this monitoring method is more suitable for large-scale landslide deformation monitoring, and only when large-scale and regional landslides have occurred can they be easily monitored. Small landslides are not easy to monitor, and it is difficult to maintain long-term real-time monitoring.

[0004] Therefore, an early warning system capable of monitoring small amplitude landslides is needed to issue a warning before the disaster expands and protect people's property. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a mountain landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present application: a mountain landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system, comprising a GNSS base station, a laser emitter, an optical fiber, and a color sensor, the optical fiber is buried in the surface layer of the mountain, comprising a core, a cladding, and a coating layer, the core comprises a first end and a tail end, the tail end is provided with an arc-shaped groove, the arc-shaped groove is provided with an opaque coating layer, the opaque coating layer is provided with a light transmission hole corresponding to the axis position, the first end of the core is provided with a ball head part matched with the arc-shaped groove, the outer surface of the ball head part is provided with a plurality of annular light filtering areas around the center, each annular light filtering area is coated with a dye light filtering layer filtering different wavelengths of light, and the adjacent two cores are slidably connected through the ball head part inserted into the arc-shaped groove; the diameter of the light transmission hole is smaller than the width of the annular light filtering area.

[0007] The laser emitter and color sensor are respectively located at both ends of the optical fiber. The laser emitted by the laser emitter passes through the ball head and light-transmitting hole of each fiber core in sequence and is transmitted to the color sensor. When a small landslide occurs, the adjacent fiber core buried on the surface of the landslide site bends, the ball head deflects relative to the arc-shaped groove, and one of the several annular filter areas aligns with the light-transmitting hole. The laser emitted by the laser emitter passes through the dye filter layer that filters light of different wavelengths and displays different colors at the color sensor. The GNSS base station uploads the color change signal collected by the color sensor to the cloud server for early warning.

[0008] Using the above technical solution, through the segmented fiber core structure, when a small landslide occurs on the surface of the mountain where the optical fiber is buried, the landslide soil layer causes the optical fiber to undergo a small settlement deformation. At this time, the two fiber core segments connected end to end bend at a certain angle, causing the ball head to deflect relative to the arc groove. The annular filter area that was originally aligned with the light-transmitting hole is transferred, and another annular filter area is aligned with the light-transmitting hole.

[0009] Because each annular filter area is equipped with a dye filter layer that filters different wavelengths, and the dyes used in each fiber core are different, the laser appears as one color when it passes through the fiber core after it is buried. However, when a small landslide occurs, the annular filter area deflects, and the color of the laser after passing through the fiber core changes in a specific way. The color sensor captures this color change and uploads it to the cloud service as an early warning signal to trigger an alarm, thus completing the monitoring and early warning of landslides.

[0010] When the landslide is too large, the optical fiber will bend or break significantly, and the laser at the color sensor will disappear, which can also serve as an alarm signal.

[0011] As per the instruction manual Figure 6 , 7 As shown, different wavelengths of laser light produce different colors: 405nm (blue-violet) → 450nm (pure blue) → 514nm (cyan-green) → 532nm (bright green) → 635nm (vermilion) → 650nm (scarlet). By dividing the mountain into different areas, and using dyes with distinct ranges in the fiber core annular filter areas of different areas, a specific color is produced when a landslide occurs in a certain area. This allows management personnel to quickly determine the extent of the landslide, enabling precise response and improving the efficiency of early warning and rescue operations.

[0012] The arc-shaped groove at the end of the fiber core is equipped with an opaque coating layer. The opaque coating layer leaves blank light-transmitting holes. The diameter of the light-transmitting holes is smaller than the axial width of a ring-shaped filter area. The purpose is to ensure that the laser transmitted to the end can only pass through the light-transmitting holes and enter the ring-shaped filter area, forming a color change and preventing the light from passing through multiple ring-shaped filter areas.

[0013] Fiber (FIBER) is a guide light fiber quartz glass which utilizes the relative refractive index difference of core and cladding to generate certain "barrier" effect on light, and secondary prevent light from escaping, and can be used as a light transmission tool by using the principle of total reflection of light. In the application, the mountain monitoring distance is short, the optical fiber is manufactured to be relatively thick, and the production process requirement is reduced.

[0014] Further provided in the application is that the GNSS base station is provided with a solar power supply system.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, the solar power supply system is used to supply power for the base station, the laser emitter, the color sensor and other equipment.

[0016] Further provided in the application is that the GNSS base station is provided with a solar power supply system.

[0017] By adopting the technical scheme, the satellite remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography, high-position monitoring video and sensor monitoring equipment are combined to form a "sky-ground" situation awareness system.

[0018] Compared with the conventional monitoring scheme, the application has the advantages that the optical fiber is specially designed for covering the high-position area of the mountain landslide, the segmented core is bent along with the landslide soil body, the generated light color signal generates a warning signal in response to a small-amplitude mountain landslide, the coverage range is wide, the laying cost is low, and the mountain landslide situation can be monitored in real time for a long time without interruption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the optical fiber laid for the mountain of the embodiment of the application;

[0020] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the bending of part of the optical fiber during the mountain landslide of the embodiment of the application;

[0021] Figure 3 The figure is a bending structure diagram of the core of the embodiment of the application;

[0022] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the core structure of the embodiment of the application; Figure 3 The figure is a partial enlarged view of the embodiment of the application;

[0023] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the core structure of the embodiment of the application;

[0024] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the laser wavelength color of the embodiment of the application; Figure 1

[0025] Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the laser wavelength color of the embodiment of the application. Figure 2

[0026] ​​Among them, 1-mountain, 11-landslide, 2-GNSS base station, 3-optical fiber, 31-cladding, 32-coating layer, 4-fiber core, 41-arc groove, 42-light-transmitting hole, 43-opaque coating layer, 44-spherical head, 45-ring filter area, 5-laser. Detailed Implementation

[0027] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the landslide 11 disaster monitoring and early warning system for mountain 1 includes a GNSS base station 2, a laser transmitter 5, an optical fiber 3, and a color sensor. The optical fiber 3 is buried in the surface of mountain 1 and includes several end-to-end fiber cores 4, cladding 31, and coating 32. Each fiber core 4 has a head end and a tail end. The tail end has an arc-shaped groove 41. The arc-shaped groove 41 has an opaque coating 43. The opaque coating 43 has a light-transmitting hole 42 at the corresponding axial position. The head end of the fiber core 4 has a spherical head 44 that fits the arc-shaped groove 41. The outer surface of the spherical head 44 has several annular filter areas 45 around the center. Each annular filter area 45 is coated with a dye filter layer that filters different wavelengths of light. Adjacent fiber cores 4 are slidably connected end-to-end by inserting the spherical head 44 into the arc-shaped groove 41. The diameter of the light-transmitting hole 42 is smaller than the width of the annular filter area 45.

[0028] The laser 5 emitter and color sensor are respectively located at both ends of the optical fiber 3. The laser 5 emitter emits light through the ball head 44 and light-transmitting hole 42 of each fiber core 4 and transmits the light to the color sensor. When a small landslide 11 occurs in the mountain 1, the adjacent fiber core 4 buried on the surface of the mountain 1 at the landslide 11 bends, the ball head 44 deflects relative to the arc groove 41, and one of the several annular filter areas 45 aligns with the light-transmitting hole 42. The laser 5 emitted by the laser 5 emitter passes through the dye filter layer that filters light of different wavelengths and displays different colors at the color sensor. The GNSS base station 2 uploads the color change signal collected by the color sensor to the cloud server for early warning.

[0029] Through the segmented fiber core 4 structure, when a small landslide 11 occurs on the surface of the mountain 1 where the optical fiber 3 is buried, the soil layer of the landslide 11 causes the optical fiber 3 to undergo a small settlement deformation. At this time, the two segments of fiber core 4 connected end to end bend at a certain angle, causing the ball head 44 to deflect relative to the arc groove 41. The annular filter area 45, which was originally aligned with the light-transmitting hole 42, is transferred, and another annular filter area 45 is aligned with the light-transmitting hole 42.

[0030] Because the dye filter layer of each annular filter area 45 filters different wavelengths, and the dye of each section of fiber core 4 is different, after the fiber core 4 is buried, the laser 5 passing through the fiber core 4 is of a color, and when the landslide 11 of the mountain body 1 occurs, the annular filter area 45 is deflected, the color of the laser 5 passing through the fiber core 4 changes, the color sensor captures the color change as a warning signal and uploads to the cloud service for alarm, thereby completing the monitoring and early warning of the landslide 11 of the mountain body 1.

[0031] When the landslide 11 of the mountain body 1 is too large, the optical fiber 3 is bent or broken, and the laser 5 disappears at the color sensor, which can also be used as an alarm signal.

[0032] As shown in the description accompanying drawings, Figure 6 , 7 The color of the laser 5 is different, and the color is different, 405nm (blue-violet)→450nm (pure blue)→514nm (greenish)→532nm (fresh green)→635nm (crimson)→650nm (red). The mountain body 1 is divided into different areas, and the annular filter area 45 of the fiber core 4 in different areas uses different dyes, so that when a landslide 11 occurs in a certain area, a specific color is generated, and the management personnel can quickly determine the range of the mountain body 1 where the landslide 11 occurs, and respond accurately to improve the efficiency of early warning and rescue.

[0033] The non-light-transmitting coating layer 43 is arranged in the arc-shaped groove 41 at the tail end of the fiber core 4, the non-light-transmitting coating layer 43 leaves a light-transmitting hole 42, and the diameter of the light-transmitting hole 42 is smaller than the axial width of one annular filter area 45. The purpose is that the laser 5 transmitted to the tail end can only pass through the light-transmitting hole 42 and enter one annular filter area 45, so that a color change is formed, and the light can not pass through multiple annular filter areas 45.

[0034] The optical fiber 3 (FIBER) is a guide optical fiber 3 of fused quartz glass which uses the relative refractive index difference of the fiber core 4 and the cladding 31 to generate a certain "barrier" effect on light and prevent light from escaping twice, and uses the principle of total reflection of light to be used as a light transmission tool. In the present application, the monitoring distance of the mountain body 1 is short, and the optical fiber 3 is thick, and the production process requirement is reduced.

[0035] The GNSS base station 2 is provided with a solar power supply system.

[0036] By using the above technical scheme, the solar power supply system is used to supply power for the base station 2, the laser 5 transmitter, the color sensor and other equipment.

[0037] The GNSS base station 2 is also provided with a monitoring camera, a monitoring sensor, a drone and a drone nest.

[0038] Combined with satellite remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography, high-level monitoring video and sensor monitoring equipment, a "sky-ground" situation awareness system is formed.

[0039] Compared with the traditional monitoring scheme, the application has a special optical fiber 3 covering the high area of the landslide 11 along the mountain 1, which utilizes the segmented core 4 to bend with the soil body of the landslide 11. The generated light color signal reacts to the small amplitude landslide 11 of the mountain 1 to generate a warning signal, has the advantages of wide coverage, low laying cost, and can long-time uninterrupted real-time monitoring of the landslide 11 of the mountain 1.

Claims

1. A monitoring and early warning system for landslides, characterized in that it comprises: The application relates to a mountain monitoring system, which comprises a GNSS base station, a laser emitter, an optical fiber and a color sensor, wherein the optical fiber is embedded in a mountain surface layer and comprises a plurality of sections of core, cladding and coating, the core comprises a head end and a tail end, the tail end is provided with an arc-shaped groove, the arc-shaped groove is provided with a light-proof coating layer, the light-proof coating layer is provided with a light-transmitting hole corresponding to an axial position, the head end of the core is provided with a ball head part matched with the arc-shaped groove, the ball head part is provided with a plurality of annular light filtering areas around a center, each annular light filtering area is coated with a dye light filtering layer for filtering light of different wavelengths, and two adjacent sections of the core are slidably connected through the ball head part inserted into the arc-shaped groove. The laser emitter and the color sensor are arranged at two ends of the optical fiber, the laser emitted by the laser emitter passes through the ball head part of each section of the core and the light-transmitting hole in sequence and is transmitted to the color sensor, when a mountain produces a small-amplitude landslide, the adjacent sections of the core embedded in the mountain surface layer at the landslide position are bent, the ball head part is deflected relative to the arc-shaped groove, one of the plurality of annular light filtering areas is aligned with the light-transmitting hole, the laser emitted by the laser emitter passes through the dye light filtering layer for filtering light of different wavelengths and appears different colors at the color sensor, and the GNSS base station uploads color change signals collected by the color sensor to a cloud server for early warning.

2. The landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The GNSS base station is provided with a solar power supply system.

3. The landslide disaster monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The GNSS base station is further provided with a monitoring camera, a monitoring sensor, a drone and a drone nest.

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