An iron powder preparation device and method for powder metallurgy

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and specifically discloses an iron powder preparation device and method for powder metallurgy, including a primary crushing device for initially crushing pellets and obtaining crushed materials, a secondary crushing device connected to the primary crushing device and used for further crushing the crushed materials, a conveyor belt arranged below the primary crushing device and the secondary crushing device and used for transporting the crushed materials, a fine grinding device arranged at the end of the conveyor belt and used for finely grinding the crushed materials, and a box body for enclosing the primary crushing device, the secondary crushing device, the conveyor belt and the fine grinding device. A screening structure for screening the crushed materials is further arranged in the box body between the primary crushing device and the conveyor belt, solving the problem that in the traditional powder metallurgy industry, during the process of preparing iron powder, crushers and ball mills need to be continuously used, and the pellets cannot be crushed at one time to obtain iron powder with a sufficient particle size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and specifically discloses an iron powder preparation device and method for powder metallurgy. Background Art

[0002] Powder metallurgy is a process technology for producing metal powders or using metal powders, or mixtures of metal powders and non-metal powders as raw materials, and manufacturing metal materials, composite materials, and various products through shaping and sintering. Therefore, powder metallurgy technology has become the key to solving new material problems and plays an important role in the development of new materials.

[0003] Powder metallurgy mainly includes two steps: powder production and product manufacturing. Specifically, it can be divided into four steps carried out in sequence: powder production, pressing and forming, sintering, and post-treatment. Among them, the powder production process includes steps such as powder preparation and powder mixing. Among them, the methods for converting metals, alloys, or metal compounds into powders in a solid state include the following two:

[0004] Mechanical crushing method and electro-chemical corrosion method for producing metal and alloy powders from solid metals and alloys; reduction method for producing metal and alloy powders from solid metal oxides and salts; reduction-chemical combination method for producing metal compound powders from metal and alloy powders, metal oxides, and non-metal powders.

[0005] Among them, for the powder metallurgy powder preparation process of preparing iron powder by mechanical crushing method, in the prior art, the commonly used process steps include the following: adding iron concentrate, binder, and water for mixing and pelletizing, then performing redox reaction on the generated pellets, after the redox reaction is completed, crushing and grinding the obtained pellets, and obtaining primary reduced iron powder, and then the primary reduced iron powder is further reduced by hydrogen to obtain secondary reduced iron powder.

[0006] In the process of crushing and grinding the pellets to obtain iron powder, two separate steps of crushing and grinding the pellets are required. Among them, a crusher is needed for crushing the pellets, and a ball mill is needed for grinding the pellets.

[0007] After the pellets enter the crusher in sequence, the crusher performs primary crushing on the falling pellets, and the integrity of the crushed pellets depends on the number of crushing roller groups set in the crusher. The more the number of crushing roller groups set from top to bottom, the better the crushing effect. The pellets crushed by the crusher will be transported by a belt to the ball mill for pulverization until iron powder within a specified particle size range is obtained.

[0008] In the prior art, the two process steps of crushing and grinding carried out in sequence by the above method need to be carried out by two different devices, and the process of ball milling the crushed iron blocks using a ball mill takes a long time.

[0009] Therefore, in view of this, the inventor provides a device and method for preparing iron powder for powder metallurgy to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that in the traditional powder metallurgy industry, during the process of preparing iron powder, a crusher and a ball mill need to be continuously used, and the pellets cannot be crushed at one time to obtain iron powder with a sufficient particle size.

[0011] To achieve the above purpose, the basic solution of the present invention provides a device for preparing iron powder for powder metallurgy, including a primary crushing device for initially crushing pellets and obtaining crushed materials, a secondary crushing device connected to the primary crushing device and used for further crushing the crushed materials, a conveyor belt arranged below the primary crushing device and the secondary crushing device and used for transporting the crushed materials, a fine grinding device arranged at the end of the conveyor belt and used for finely grinding the crushed materials, and a box body for enclosing the primary crushing device, the secondary crushing device, the conveyor belt and the fine grinding device;

[0012] A screening structure for screening the crushed materials is further arranged in the box body between the primary crushing device and the conveyor belt, and the end of the screening structure is arranged above the secondary crushing device;

[0013] The fine grinding device includes a feeding table arranged at the end of the conveyor belt, an abrasive table arranged outside the feeding table, and a guiding table for connecting the end face of the feeding table and the end face of the abrasive table;

[0014] The height of the abrasive table is lower than that of the feeding table. A number of through holes penetrate through the abrasive table. An inlet groove for feeding a solvent is arranged at the top end of the guiding table. A retaining net is fixedly connected to the outer end of the inlet groove. A number of mixing structures for mixing the solvent and the crushed materials to form abrasive are equally spaced on the guiding table. A baffle for preventing the abrasive from overflowing is arranged from the feeding table to the abrasive table. Fine grinding components for finely grinding the abrasive are arranged in the through holes in the abrasive table;

[0015] It further includes a power structure for driving the primary crushing device and the screening structure respectively, a second driving motor for driving the secondary crushing device, a third driving motor for driving the conveyor belt, and a fine grinding driving structure for driving the fine grinding components.

[0016] Furthermore, the screening structure includes a screening plate whose one end is rotatably connected between the inner walls on both sides of the box body and a multi-functional box arranged on the inner wall of the box body on the side away from the secondary crushing device. A number of screening holes for screening the crushed materials are arranged on the screening plate. A moving chute is arranged on one side of the box body. The bottom end of the screening plate is slidably connected with a reciprocating sliding rod whose one end extends out of the moving chute and is driven by the power structure to reciprocate in the moving chute.

[0017] Furthermore, the multifunctional box is provided with an arc-shaped groove for the free end of the screening plate to slide, and a reciprocating spring is fixedly connected between the top surface of the arc-shaped groove and the free end of the screening plate. The top surface of the arc-shaped groove of the multifunctional box is also fixedly connected to an inflatable block, an air cavity is provided in the inflatable block, an opening connected to the air cavity is provided at the bottom of the inflatable block, an air supply port connected to the air cavity and provided with a one-way valve opening outward is provided at the top of the inflatable block, the free end of the screening plate is fixedly connected to an air pumping block that is slidably connected to the opening and can slide into the air cavity, and an air supply pipeline connected to the air supply port and used to supply air to the material guide table is also provided in the box.

[0018] Furthermore, the power structure includes a first drive motor, a gear transmission member driven by the first drive motor and controlling the working state of the first crushing device, and a belt transmission member driven by the first drive motor and driving the reciprocating slide bar to slide back and forth in the movable slide groove.

[0019] Furthermore, the material guiding platform is provided with a plurality of rows of mixing structures, and each row of mixing structures is staggered.

[0020] Furthermore, the mixing structure includes two separation plates combined to form an eight-shaped structure and two aggregation plates both in an L-shape and located on the outside of the separation plates. The bottom ends of the aggregation plates are tilted outward at a certain angle, and a gap is left between the bottoms of the aggregation plates on both sides for the abrasive to pass through.

[0021] Furthermore, the top ends of the through holes are all provided with inclined platforms facing inwards.

[0022] Furthermore, the fine grinding assembly includes a material shifting structure, a coarse grinding structure and a fine grinding structure which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and a rotating structure for driving the material shifting structure, the coarse grinding structure and the fine grinding structure to rotate respectively.

[0023] The basic solution of the present invention also provides a method for preparing iron powder for powder metallurgy, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Step S001: Start the primary crushing device and ensure that the screening plate moves up and down;

[0025] Step S002: Start the secondary crushing device and the material belt to ensure normal feeding and air supply;

[0026] Step S003: supplying solvent and starting the fine grinding device;

[0027] Step S004: Observe whether there is solvent flowing out from the bottom of the fine grinding device. If there is solvent flowing out, add pellets into the primary crushing device in the box.

[0028] The principle and effect of this solution are:

[0029] 1. The present invention can crush pellets to obtain crushed materials through a continuously arranged primary crushing device and secondary crushing device. The crushed pellets are transported into a fine grinding device through a material belt. The crushed materials are further finely ground by the fine grinding device to obtain iron powder with the required particle size, solving the problem in the traditional powder metallurgy industry that during the preparation of iron powder, a crusher and a ball mill need to be continuously used, and the pellets cannot be crushed at one time to obtain iron powder with a sufficient particle size.

[0030] 2. By arranging a screening structure under the primary crushing device, the present invention can directly transport the crushed materials with qualified particle size after primary crushing into the fine grinding device, reducing the number of repeated crushing times and accelerating the fine grinding efficiency.

[0031] 3. A solvent is also supplied into the guide table of the fine grinding device of the present invention, so that the solvent is mixed with the crushed materials to form abrasive. By adopting wet fine grinding, solutes that can increase the fine grinding efficiency can be added to the solvent to improve the fine grinding efficiency. At the same time, it is convenient for the movement of the abrasive during fine grinding.

[0032] 4. The mixing structure arranged on the guide table of the present invention can repeatedly separate and cross-mix the solvent and the crushed materials to be mixed and preliminarily mixed, making the abrasive mixture more uniform.

[0033] 5. The reciprocating screening plate arranged by the present invention can not only screen the crushed materials of qualified size, so that the qualified crushed materials fall into the material belt below and are transported into the fine grinding device, but also, during the reciprocating movement, squeeze the air injection block into the air filling block to supply air to the air conveying pipeline and jet air onto the guide table, facilitating the movement of the abrasive on the guide table. And the reciprocating spring installed in the multifunctional box can reset the screening plate.

[0034] 6. The fine grinding assembly installed by the present invention can successively complete the coarse grinding and fine grinding processes of the abrasive through a coarse grinding structure and a fine grinding structure. Compared with directly performing fine grinding, it can reduce the wear of the coarse grinding structure and the fine grinding structure in the fine grinding assembly and facilitate the control of the particle size of the iron powder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0036] Figure 1 FIG. shows a schematic diagram of an iron powder preparation device and method for powder metallurgy proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2The internal schematic diagram of an iron powder preparation device and method for powder metallurgy proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0038] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of a screening plate of an iron powder preparation device and method for powder metallurgy proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0039] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of a fine grinding device of an iron powder preparation device and method for powder metallurgy proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0040] Figure 5 The partial schematic diagram of a fine grinding device of an iron powder preparation device and method for powder metallurgy proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0041] Figure 6 The partial schematic diagram of a fine grinding device of an iron powder preparation device and method for powder metallurgy proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0042] Figure 7 The partial schematic diagram of a fine grinding device of an iron powder preparation device and method for powder metallurgy proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] To further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following, in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation manners, structures, features and their effects of the present invention as follows.

[0044] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: primary crushing device 1, primary crushing roller 101, multifunctional box 102, inflatable block 103, screening plate 104, gas transmission pipeline 105, secondary crushing device 2, secondary crushing roller 201, material belt 202, abrasive table 3, main driving spindle 301, main driving sub-shaft 302, power station 303, shifting block 304, grinding table 305, shifting rod 306, rough grinding disc 307, rough grinding plate 308, stationary grinding disc 309, primary fine grinding disc 310, secondary movable fine grinding disc 311, secondary fixed fine grinding disc 312, blanking hole 313, spindle transmission gear 314, sub-shaft transmission gear 315, power box 4, first driving motor 401, disc 402, reversing wheel 403, reciprocating slide rod 404, reciprocating slider 405, fine grinding driving box 5, material guiding table 6, mixing structure 601, retaining net 602.

[0045] An iron powder preparation device for powder metallurgy, as shown in the embodiments Figure 1 as follows:

[0046] It includes a primary crushing device 1 for initially crushing pellets and obtaining primary crushed materials, a secondary crushing device 2 arranged after the primary crushing device 1 and communicating with the primary crushing device 1 for further crushing the primary crushed materials, a conveyor belt 202 arranged below the primary crushing device 1 and the secondary crushing device 2, and a fine grinding device arranged at the end of the conveyor belt 202. The primary crushing device 1, the secondary crushing device 2, the conveyor belt 202, and the primary fine grinding device are all installed inside the box body, and support feet are installed at the bottom end of the box body for support.

[0047] As Figure 2 shown, the primary crushing device 1 includes a primary crushing box, two primary rotating shafts respectively installed between the inner side walls of the primary crushing box, and primary crushing rollers 101 respectively coaxially installed on the two primary rotating shafts. The primary crushing box is installed at the left top of the box body, and a feed inlet is opened at the top end of the primary crushing box. An inwardly inclined closing fence plate is also installed on the outer wall of the top end of the feed inlet to prevent the internal crushed materials from splashing out. A number of equally spaced primary crushing teeth are integrally formed on the outer walls of the two primary crushing rollers 101, and the primary crushing teeth on the two primary crushing rollers 101 are arranged staggeredly.

[0048] At the bottom of the primary crushing box, and respectively located outside the two primary crushing rollers 101, two primary arc plates are welded to wrap the primary crushing teeth inward. A clamping block is fixedly installed between the two sides of the primary crushing box below the two primary crushing rollers 101. Concave surfaces in contact with the outer top edges of the primary crushing teeth are opened on both sides of the clamping block. Primary material dropping grooves for the crushed materials to fall are left between the two sides of the clamping block and the inner ends of the primary arc plates.

[0049] The two primary crushing rollers 101 are placed in contact, the primary crushing teeth on the primary crushing rollers 101 also abut against the adjacent inner wall of the box body, and the rotation directions of the primary crushing rollers 101 are the same and both rotate inward. After the pellets fall from the feed inlet into the first crushing box, they will be crushed by the primary crushing rollers 101 rotating inward simultaneously in cooperation with the primary crushing teeth to obtain primary crushed materials.

[0050] The secondary crushing device 2 includes a secondary crushing box, two secondary rotating shafts respectively installed between the inner side walls of the secondary crushing box, and secondary crushing rollers 201 respectively coaxially installed on the two secondary rotating shafts. The secondary crushing box is installed below the right side of the primary crushing box. A number of equally spaced secondary crushing teeth are also integrally formed on the outer walls of the secondary crushing rollers 201, and the secondary crushing teeth on the two secondary crushing rollers 201 are arranged staggeredly, and the density of the secondary crushing teeth is less than that of the primary crushing teeth. And the distance between the two secondary crushing rollers 201 is less than the distance between the two primary crushing rollers 101.

[0051] At the bottom of the secondary crushing box, on the outer sides of the two secondary crushing rollers 201 respectively, there are also two secondary arc plates welded, which wrap the secondary crushing teeth inward. There is a secondary blanking chute for the crushed material to fall between the inner ends of the secondary arc plates. The secondary crushing rollers 201 rotate in the same direction and both rotate inward. After the primary crushed material falls, it will fall into the secondary crushing device 2, and the secondary crushing rollers 201 cooperate with the secondary crushing teeth to perform crushing to obtain the secondary crushed material.

[0052] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, inside the box body between the primary crushing device 1 and the secondary crushing device 2, a screening structure is also installed to screen the falling primary crushed material and convey the remaining primary crushed material after screening into the secondary crushing device 2. The screening structure is installed above the material belt 202.

[0053] The screening structure specifically includes: a screening rotating shaft installed between the two sides of the box body, a screening plate 104 and a multi-functional box 102. The screening rotating shaft is rotatably installed between the two sides of the box body. A rotating pipe is welded to the right end of the screening plate 104, and the rotating pipe is coaxially installed with the screening rotating shaft. The left end of the screening plate 104 bends downward to form an arc section, and the arc section extends into the multi-functional box 102. An arc-shaped groove for the arc section to extend into and slide is opened on the right side of the multi-functional box 102.

[0054] A number of screening holes are opened on the screening plate 104. The aperture of the screening holes allows some crushed materials that meet the standard and do not need secondary crushing to fall onto the material belt 202, while the primary crushed materials that do not pass through the screening holes remain on the screening plate 104. On the lower end face of the screening plate 104, a reciprocating sliding groove is also opened. The reciprocating sliding groove is arranged in the left and right directions. At the lower end of the screening plate 104, a reciprocating slider 405 that slides in the reciprocating sliding groove is also installed. A reciprocating sliding rod 404 is installed at both ends of the reciprocating slider 405. A vertical moving sliding groove for the end of the reciprocating sliding rod 404 to extend out is opened on the left side of the box body.

[0055] The multifunctional box 102 is installed on the left inner wall of the box body, and the top of the multifunctional box 102 abuts against the bottom of the first-stage arc plate on the left side. An arc-shaped groove is opened at the right end of the multifunctional box 102. The top extends along the arc direction to the top end face of the multifunctional box 102, and the bottom extends along the arc direction but does not penetrate the multifunctional box 102. On both sides of the arc-shaped groove, a reciprocating spring is fixedly installed between the upper end face where the screening plate 104 extends into the arc-shaped groove. And at the top of the arc-shaped groove, an inflatable block 103 is installed. The cross-sectional shape of the inflatable block 103 is arc-shaped and fits the arc-shaped groove. An air cavity is opened in the inflatable block 103. An air outlet for exhausting air outward is installed at the inner side of the top end of the inflatable block 103. A one-way valve is installed at the air outlet. An opening communicating with the air cavity and facing the screening plate 104 is opened at the bottom end of the inflatable block 103. A pumping block is also slidably installed in the inflatable block 103. The bottom end of the pumping block extends out of the opening and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the screening plate 104 by bolts.

[0056] On the left side of the box body, a power box 4 is also installed. A power structure for driving the first-stage crushing device 1 and the screening structure is installed in the power box 4. Among them, the second driving motor and the third driving motor are both independent for driving the second-stage crushing device 2 and the material belt 202. Among them, the second driving motor is coaxially connected to the second-stage rotating shaft on the left side in the second-stage crushing device 2. A second-stage gear is coaxially installed on the second-stage rotating shaft on the left side and on the second-stage rotating shaft on the right side respectively. The second-stage gears on the two second-stage rotating shafts are meshed to drive the second-stage crushing rollers 201 to rotate inward synchronously.

[0057] Among them, the power structure for driving the first crushing device and the screening structure includes a first driving motor 401, a gear transmission part driven by the driving motor, and a belt transmission part driven by the driving motor. The output shaft of the first driving motor 401 is coaxially connected to the first rotating shaft on the left side in the first crushing device. The left end of the first rotating shaft on the right side extends out of the left side of the box body and is coaxially connected to a driven gear. The gear transmission part includes a first driving wheel coaxially installed on the output shaft of the first driving motor 401 and a first driven wheel rotatably installed on the outer wall of the box body. A first belt is meshed between the first driving wheel and the first driven wheel. A driving gear is also coaxially connected to the first driven wheel. The driving gear is meshed with the driven gear. When the output shaft of the first driving motor 401 rotates, it will drive the first driving wheel and the first driven wheel to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the driving gear and the driven gear to mesh, and driving the two first rotating shafts to rotate inward.

[0058] The belt transmission component includes a second driving wheel coaxially connected to the output shaft of the first driving motor 401, a second driven wheel rotatably mounted on the box body below the first driving motor 401, and a reversing wheel 403 rotatably mounted above the reciprocating slider 405 of the sieve plate. A disc 402 is also coaxially mounted on the second driven wheel, and a rotating rod is rotatably mounted at a point deviating from the center of the disc 402. A second belt is engaged between the second driving wheel and the second driven wheel, and a pull rope is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod. The pull rope is pulled to the reversing wheel 403 and bypasses the reversing wheel 403 from the other side. The end of the pull rope is fixed to the left end of the reciprocating slide rod 404 at the bottom end of the sieve plate, which is located on a section outside the box body. When the output shaft of the first driving motor 401 rotates, it will drive the disc 402 on the second driven wheel to rotate through the belt transmission. The rotation of the rotating rod on the disc 402 will continuously pull and release the pull rope, thereby driving the reciprocating slide rod 404 at the end of the pull rope to move up and down repeatedly in the moving chute, and further driving the sieve plate to perform a reciprocating motion of swinging up and down.

[0059] During the reciprocating motion of the screening plate 104 swinging up and down, the air pumping block will be pushed upward into the air filling block 103, and the gas inside the air filling block 103 will be discharged through the air outlet. Then, the air pumping block will be reset and re-fill the air inside the air filling block 103.

[0060] At the bottom end of the multifunctional box 102, an air conveying pipeline 105 is installed. Inside the multifunctional box 102, an air conveying pipeline is opened to connect the air conveying pipeline 105 and the air outlet of the air filling block 103.

[0061] The material belt 202 is installed below the screening plate 104 and the secondary conveying device. The material belt 202 is installed through three rotating wheels. Specifically, it includes a driving rotating wheel, a driven rotating wheel, and a steering rotating wheel. Among them, the driving rotating wheel is rotatably mounted between the two side walls of the box body below the multifunctional box 102, the driven rotating wheel is rotatably mounted between the two side walls of the box body on the right side of the secondary crushing device 2, and the steering rotating wheel is rotatably mounted between the two side walls of the box body on the left side of the secondary crushing device 2. Among them, the driving rotating wheel is installed above the driven rotating wheel, the driven rotating wheel and the steering rotating wheel have the same height. Guide blocks are installed on the left and right sides of the steering rotating wheel, and the material belt 202 passes through below the guide blocks. The guide blocks are used to limit the moving direction and orientation of the material belt 202. The material belt 202 is installed by the driving rotating wheel and the driven rotating wheel and is steered at the steering rotating wheel, making the material belt 202 at the driving rotating wheel and the steering rotating wheel inclined, and the material belt 202 at the steering rotating wheel and the driven rotating wheel horizontal. The crushed materials falling from the screening of the screening plate 104 will fall on the inclined material belt 202 and be driven to the horizontal section along with the movement of the material belt 202, and then move to the end of the material belt 202 and fall along with the secondary crushed materials.

[0062] As Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown in the figure, the fine grinding device includes a feeding table, a guiding table 6 installed on the right side of the feeding table, and an abrasive table 3 installed on the right side of the guiding table 6. The height of the abrasive table 3 is less than that of the feeding table, and the upper end surface of the guiding table 6 is inclined from the right end of the feeding table to the left end of the abrasive table 3 for guiding the falling crushed materials and feeding them onto the abrasive table 3.

[0063] The right end of the driven runner and the material belt 202 installed on the driven runner are located above the feeding table, and on the upper right side of the feeding table, specifically above the inclined part at the top of the guiding table 6. On the feeding table, below the material belt 202, a sweeping table is also installed. The top end surface of the sweeping table contacts the lower end surface of the material belt 202 and a brush plate is fixedly installed on it. A number of bristles are arranged on the brush plate for brushing off the crushed materials attached to the material belt 202. The right end of the sweeping table is flush with the right end of the feeding table, and an inclined slot extending to the right end is opened downward on the upper end surface of the sweeping table. The crushed materials initially swept off from the material belt 202 will fall into the guiding table 6 through the inclined slot.

[0064] On the guiding table 6, three rows of staggered mixing structures 601 are also installed. The mixing structures 601 in each row are arranged at equal distances. The mixing structure 601 includes two outward-distributed separating plates that form an eight-shaped combination and two L-shaped converging plates located outside the separating plates. As Figure 4 shown, the converging plates are respectively located outside the separating plates, and the bottoms of the two converging plates on both sides are inclined outward at a certain angle, and a gap for the abrasive to pass through is left between the bottoms of the two converging plates on both sides.

[0065] On the top of the guiding table 6, a liquid inlet groove is opened, and a liquid supply pipeline is opened inside the guiding table 6. The liquid supply pipeline is connected to an external pump for pumping a solvent into the liquid inlet groove. On the guiding table 6, at the end of the liquid inlet groove, a retaining net 602 is installed. The meshes in the retaining net 602 are arranged in a fine pattern, and the solvent is discharged from the liquid inlet groove through the retaining net 602. The gas transmission pipeline 105 installed in the box body is connected to the inclined slot on the sweeping table, and an air outlet connected to the gas transmission pipeline 105 is opened on the inclined slot, and the air outlet faces the direction of the mixing structure 601 on the guiding table 6.

[0066] When the crushed materials fall from the end of the material belt 202, they will first fall above the retaining net 602. The solvent flowing out from the retaining net 602 will catch the falling crushed materials and mix with the crushed materials and move downward along the guiding table 6. Due to the continuous gushing of the solvent and the blocking of the retaining net 602, the crushed materials will not fall into the liquid tank. At the same time, the airflow ejected from the air outlet will assist in blowing the movement of the solvent and the crushed materials. When the solvent carrying the crushed materials moves to the mixing structure 601, first the separating plates separate the abrasive formed by the combination of the solvent and the crushed materials, and then the converging plates mix the separated abrasive again, and so on to mix the solvent and the crushed materials evenly to form a uniform abrasive.

[0067] There are three through holes penetrating the abrasive table 3 on the abrasive table 3, and a fine grinding drive box 5 is also installed in the box above the abrasive table 3 and the material guiding table 6. On the upper end surface of the abrasive table 3, a material blocking plate is fixedly installed. The material blocking plate is composed of three parts: a back plate installed at the right end of the abrasive table 3, outer plates integrally formed on both sides of the back plate and located outside the two through holes on both sides, and a partition plate integrally formed between the three through holes and located in front of the abrasive table 3. Three semi-circular holes with the same diameter as the through holes are opened on the back plate, respectively wrapping the three through holes. The outer plates extend from both sides of the feeding table and are connected to both sides of the back plate. The inner sides of the outer plates located on the abrasive table 3 are also inclined inward. The partition plate is a triangular plate used to separate the broken materials falling from the material guiding table 6.

[0068] As Figure 5 shown, at the top of the through hole, an inclined table is opened. In the through hole, a set of fine grinding components is installed. The fine grinding components include a material dialing structure, a rough grinding structure, and a fine grinding structure coaxially arranged from top to bottom along the falling direction of the broken materials. The material dialing structure, the rough grinding structure, and the fine grinding structure all perform the fine grinding work on the broken materials by rotating.

[0069] An active rotation structure is installed in the middle through hole, and a driven rotation structure is installed in the through holes on both sides. The material dialing structure, the rough grinding structure, and the fine grinding structure installed in the three through holes are respectively driven by the active rotation structure and the driven rotation structure to rotate.

[0070] The active rotation structure includes an active main shaft 301, an active sub-shaft 302, and a drive motor. The active sub-shaft 302 is sleeved outside the active main shaft 301. The active main shaft 301 is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the drive motor through a coupling. The drive motor is installed in the fine grinding drive box 5, and a transmission shaft perpendicular to the axis of the active main shaft 301 is also installed in the fine grinding drive box 5. An active bevel gear is fixedly installed on the active main shaft 301, a driven bevel gear is fixedly installed on the active sub-shaft 302, and a transmission bevel gear meshing with both the active bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is installed on the transmission shaft.

[0071] When the output shaft of the drive motor rotates, the active main shaft 301 rotates synchronously, and the active bevel gear also rotates synchronously, and the rotation is transmitted to the driven bevel gear through the transmission bevel gear, thereby driving the active sub-shaft 302 to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the rotation directions of the active main shaft 301 and the active sub-shaft 302 are opposite.

[0072] The driven rotation structure includes a driven main shaft and a driven sub-shaft. A rotation hole for accommodating the rotation of the driven main shaft is opened upward at the bottom end of the driven sub-shaft.

[0073] A turntable is respectively fixedly installed at the bottom end of the abrasive table 3. The bottom ends of the active main shaft 301 and the driven main shaft are respectively rotatably installed in the turntable.

[0074] As Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, taking the middle through-hole as an example, the material feeding structure includes a grinding table 305 coaxially mounted on the driven secondary shaft 302, a power table 303 mounted on the top end of the grinding table 305 through bolts and coaxially mounted with the driven secondary shaft 302, and two feeding blocks 304 respectively mounted on the top ends of the grinding table 305 on both sides of the power table 303. The top end face of the grinding table 305 is flush with the bottom end of the inclined table. A section at the top end of the grinding table 305 inclines inward to form a feeding section. The grinding table 305 below the feeding section is an abrasive section. A number of grinding balls are integrally formed on the outer wall of the grinding table 305. The diameter of the power table 303 is smaller than the diameter of the top end of the grinding table 305. The top end of the feeding block 304 inclines inward, and the inclined angle of the outer side wall of the feeding block 304 is the same as that of the inclined table and can contact the inclined table. The crushed materials falling from the material guiding table 6 will fall into the through-hole. During the rotation of the feeding block 304, while further mixing the abrasive, the abrasive can also be fed into the gap between the feeding section of the grinding table 305 and the through-hole. The grinding balls on the outer wall of the grinding table 305 will re-crush the abrasive until it can enter the through-hole below.

[0075] The rough grinding structure includes a stationary grinding disc 309 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the through hole by bolts, a rough grinding disc 307 installed above the stationary grinding disc 309 and coaxially installed and rotatable with the main driven shaft 302, and two rough grinding plates 308 respectively installed on the inner sides of the rough grinding disc 307. A perforation for the main driven shaft 302 to pass through is formed on the stationary grinding disc 309. Among them, two rectangular blanking holes 313 are formed on the stationary grinding disc 309. The lower end surface of the rough grinding disc 307 is in contact with the upper end surface of the stationary grinding disc 309, and a number of grinding balls are also arranged on the upper end surface of the stationary grinding disc 309. Two symmetrical first grinding grooves are formed on the inner side of the rough grinding disc 307, and the two rough grinding plates 308 are respectively installed in the first grinding grooves and completely enclose the first grinding grooves. A feeding groove communicating with the first grinding grooves is formed on the rough grinding disc 307 between the two first grinding grooves. An adjusting hole is symmetrically formed between the first grinding groove and the top end surface of the rough grinding disc 307, and there is an adjusting platform in the adjusting hole. A height adjusting tube that can extend into the adjusting hole is integrally formed on the upper end surface of each rough grinding plate 308. An adjusting rod is rotatably installed on the adjusting platform. External threads are formed on the outer wall of the bottom end of the adjusting rod, and internal threads meshing with the external threads are formed in the height adjusting tube. A rotating ring is integrally formed on a section of the outer wall of the adjusting rod located inside the adjusting platform, and a rotating groove for the rotating ring to rotate inside is formed in the adjusting platform. The top end of the adjusting rod is fixedly installed with a knob located in the adjusting hole. By rotating the knob to drive the adjusting rod to rotate, the height of the rough grinding plate 308 can be adjusted through threaded connection and limited by the first grinding groove, so as to adjust the gap between the bottom surface of the rough grinding plate 308 and the top surface of the stationary grinding disc 309 and adjust the precision of rough grinding. Two dial rods 306 that are in contact with the upper end surface of the rough grinding disc 307 are also installed in the through hole above the rough grinding disc 307.

[0076] The fine grinding structure includes a primary fine grinding part and a secondary fine grinding part arranged successively from top to bottom.

[0077] At the primary fine grinding part, an annular secondary groove is formed by the through hole inward. The primary fine grinding part includes a primary fine grinding disc 310 coaxially connected with the main driven shaft 302 and abrasive grains arranged alternately on the upper and lower end surfaces of the primary fine grinding disc 310. Four flow holes for abrasive to flow down are circumferentially formed on the primary fine grinding disc 310. The position where the main driven shaft 302 installs the primary fine grinding disc 310 is the cut-off position of the main driven shaft 302.

[0078] The secondary fine grinding components include a secondary movable fine grinding disc 311 coaxially connected to the main driving spindle 301 below the main driving countershaft 302, and a secondary fixed fine grinding disc 312 fixedly installed between the outer wall of the turntable and the inner wall of the through hole. The upper end surface of the secondary movable fine grinding disc 311 is in contact with the lower end surface of the primary fine grinding disc 310, the lower end surface of the secondary movable fine grinding disc 311 is in contact with the upper end surface of the secondary fixed fine grinding disc 312, and a number of abrasives are arranged in a staggered manner on both the secondary movable fine grinding disc 311 and the secondary fixed fine grinding disc 312. Four flow holes for the abrasive to flow down are also formed on the secondary movable fine grinding disc 311 and the secondary fixed fine grinding disc 312.

[0079] On the abrasive table 3, between adjacent through holes, two transmission chambers are respectively vertically arranged. A countershaft transmission gear 315 and a main shaft transmission gear 314 are respectively rotatably installed in the upper and lower opposite vertical transmission chambers through shaft parts. A rough grinding rack is installed on the outer wall of the rough grinding disc 307, and a fine grinding rack is installed on the outer wall of the secondary movable fine grinding disc 311. One section of the outer walls on both sides of the rough grinding disc 307 respectively extends into the transmission chambers at the tops on both sides, and one section of the outer walls on both sides of the secondary movable fine grinding disc 311 respectively extends into the transmission chambers at the bottoms on both sides. The rough grinding rack meshes with the countershaft transmission gear 315, and the fine grinding rack meshes with the main shaft transmission gear 314.

[0080] On the abrasive table 3, the material feeding structures, rough grinding structures and fine grinding structures in the through holes on both sides are the same as those in the middle through hole. Through the meshing of the rough grinding disc 307 with the countershaft transmission gear 315 and the meshing of the secondary movable fine grinding disc 311 with the main shaft transmission gear 314, the driven main shaft and the driven countershaft in the through holes on both sides are driven to rotate. And in this embodiment, the rotation directions between the main driving countershaft 302 and the main driving spindle 301 are opposite, and the rotation directions between the driven main shaft and the driven countershaft are also opposite. By rotating in the opposite direction for fine grinding of the abrasive, a better fine grinding effect can be achieved.

[0081] In this embodiment, a method for preparing iron powder for powder metallurgy is also provided, including the following steps:

[0082] Step S001: Start the primary crushing device 1, make the primary crushing roller 101 rotate inward, and ensure that the screening plate 104 reciprocates up and down;

[0083] Step S002: Start the secondary crushing device 2 and the material belt 202 to ensure normal feeding and air supply;

[0084] Step S003: Feed in the solvent and start the fine grinding device;

[0085] Step S004: Observe whether there is solvent flowing out at the bottom of the fine grinding device. After the solvent flows out, put the pellets into the feeding port at the top of the box.

[0086] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not impose any formal limitations on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An iron powder preparation device for powder metallurgy, characterized in that: The invention comprises a primary crushing device for initially crushing pellets and obtaining crushed materials, a secondary crushing device connected to the primary crushing device and used for further crushing the crushed materials, a material belt provided below the primary crushing device and the secondary crushing device and used for transporting the crushed materials, a fine grinding device provided at the end of the material belt and used for finely grinding the crushed materials, and a box for enclosing the primary crushing device, the secondary crushing device, the material belt and the fine grinding device; A screening structure for screening the crushed material is also provided in the box between the lower part of the primary crushing device and the material belt, and the end of the screening structure is provided above the secondary crushing device; The fine grinding device includes a feed table arranged at the end of the material belt, a grinding table arranged outside the feed table, and a material guide table for connecting the end surface of the feed table and the end surface of the grinding table; The height of the grinding table is lower than that of the feeding table, and a plurality of through holes are passed through the grinding table. The top of the guide table is provided with a liquid inlet tank for supplying solvent, and the outer end of the liquid inlet tank is fixedly connected to a blocking net. The guide table is also equidistantly arranged with a plurality of mixing structures for mixing solvent and crushed material to form abrasives. The guide table is provided with a plurality of rows of mixing structures, and each row of mixing structures is staggered. The mixing structures include two separation plates combined to form an eight-shaped separation plate and two polymer plates that are both L-shaped and respectively located on the outside of the separation plates. The bottom ends of the polymer plates are inclined outward at a certain angle, and a gap for abrasives to pass through is left between the bottoms of the polymer plates on both sides. A baffle plate for preventing abrasives from overflowing is also provided from the feeding table to the grinding table. Fine grinding assemblies for fine grinding abrasives are also provided in the through holes in the grinding table, and inclined platforms are provided inwardly at the tops of the through holes. The fine grinding assemblies include a material shifting structure, a coarse grinding structure and a fine grinding structure arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and a rotating structure for driving the material shifting structure, the coarse grinding structure and the fine grinding structure to rotate respectively; It also includes a power structure for driving the primary crushing device and the screening structure respectively, a second drive motor for driving the secondary crushing device, a third drive motor for driving the material belt, and a fine grinding drive structure for driving the fine grinding assembly; The cam is provided with a plurality of camming tools on the top of the cam, and a plurality of camming tools are provided on the top of the cam, and a plurality of camming tools are provided on the top of the cam, and a plurality of camming tools are provided on the bottom of the cam.

2. The iron powder preparation device for powder metallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power structure includes a first driving motor, a gear transmission member driven by the first driving motor to control the working state of the first crushing device, and a belt transmission member driven by the first driving motor to drive the reciprocating slide rod to reciprocate in the moving chute.

3. A method for preparing iron powder for powder metallurgy by using the iron powder preparation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step S001: Start the primary crushing device and ensure that the screening plate reciprocates up and down; Step S002: Start the secondary crushing device and the material belt to ensure normal feeding and air supply; Step S003: Feed in the solvent and start the fine grinding device; Step S004: Observe whether there is solvent flowing out at the bottom of the fine grinding device. After the solvent flows out, put the pellets into the primary crushing device in the box.

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