A near-zero energy consumption prefabricated building system in cold regions

Abstract

A nearly zero-energy prefabricated building system in cold regions, which relates to a building system in cold regions. The present invention aims to solve the problem that in cold regions, buildings focus on heating and insulation design, resulting in a decrease in the living comfort of buildings in summer. In the present invention, the north and south wall modules are installed on the ground module, two side wall modules are symmetrically installed on both sides of the north and south wall modules, the north cellar module is installed on the north side of the north and south wall modules, the south cellar module is installed on the south side of the north and south wall modules, the roof module is installed on the top of the north and south wall modules, the ventilation module is inserted into the north and south wall modules, and the top ventilation opening of the ventilation module is located outside the roof module. An underground air layer is provided in the ground module, and the north cellar module and the south cellar module are communicated with the indoor space composed of the roof module, the ground module, two side wall modules and the north and south wall modules through the underground air layer. The present invention belongs to the technical field of cross-application of new energy and green buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a building system in cold regions, belonging to the cross - application technical field of new energy and green buildings. Background Art

[0002] In cold regions, due to the relatively low outdoor temperature in winter, in order to ensure the living comfort, heating equipment is usually installed in buildings, and the building itself needs to be designed with a thermal insulation structure. However, the heating equipment consumes a large amount of energy. Although the thermal insulation structure of the building itself can keep the indoor temperature in winter, in the hot summer, this thermal insulation structure will make the indoor temperature relatively high, resulting in a significant decline in living comfort. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problem that the living comfort of buildings in cold regions decreases in summer due to the emphasis on heating and thermal insulation design, the present invention further provides a nearly zero - energy prefabricated building system in cold regions.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is as follows: The present invention includes a roof module, a north cellar module, a south cellar module, a ground module, two side - wall modules, a north - south wall module, and a ventilation module; the north - south wall module is installed on the ground module, the two side - wall modules are symmetrically installed on both sides of the north - south wall module, the north cellar module is installed on the north side of the north - south wall module, the south cellar module is installed on the south side of the north - south wall module, the roof module is installed on the top of the north - south wall module, the ventilation module is inserted into the north - south wall module, and the top ventilation opening of the ventilation module is located outside the roof module. An underground air layer is provided in the ground module, and the north cellar module and the south cellar module are communicated with the indoor space formed by the roof module, the ground module, the two side - wall modules, and the north - south wall module through the underground air layer.

[0005] Further, the roof module includes a frame and a plurality of louvers. The plurality of louvers are arranged in a matrix within the frame, and the louvers are rotatably connected to the frame.

[0006] Further, the louver is composed of an air - layer outer shell, a heat - medium circulation pipe, two transmission rods, and an air - layer inner shell. The air - layer outer shell, the heat - medium circulation pipe, and the air - layer inner shell are stacked together from outside to inside in sequence. The two ends of the heat - medium circulation pipe are rotatably connected to the frame through the two transmission rods, and the heat - medium circulation pipe is filled with a heat - medium.

[0007] Further, a radiative heating material coating is provided between the inner side of the air - layer outer shell and the outer side of the heat - medium circulation pipe, and a radiative cooling material coating is provided between the inner side of the heat - medium circulation pipe and the outer side of the air - layer inner shell.

[0008] Further, both the north cellar module and the south cellar module include a cellar main body and a daylighting cellar top cover; the daylighting cellar top cover is installed at the wellhead of the daylighting well of the cellar main body.

[0009] Furthermore, the daylighting cellar top cover includes a Fresnel lens, a directional reflection wall, and heat-to-color-changing glass; the Fresnel lens, the directional reflection wall, and the heat-to-color-changing glass are arranged in sequence from inside to outside, and the Fresnel lens, the directional reflection wall, and the heat-to-color-changing glass are all rotatably connected to the wellhead of the daylighting well of the cellar main body.

[0010] Furthermore, the roof module, the north cellar module, the south cellar module, the ground module, the two side wall modules, the north-south wall module, and the ventilation module are all prefabricated components, and the area of each prefabricated component is less than or equal to 2.4m * 6m.

[0011] Furthermore, the ventilation module consists of a solar chimney and a ground-source heat pump thermal circulation ventilation system.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] 1. The present invention comprehensively adopts passive energy-saving technologies in terms of wind, light, and heat, improves the spatial comfort, and achieves near-zero energy consumption;

[0014] 2. The present invention can change the operation mode with the change of seasons to ensure the indoor comfort in different seasons;

[0015] 3. The present invention adopts an assembled design, with low construction and transportation costs, and can be customized according to the needs of different rural population sizes and different regional climate environments;

[0016] 4. The present invention utilizes the chimney effect, geothermal energy, and solar radiation through the solar chimney - ground-source heat pump thermal circulation system to ensure the comfort of the indoor thermal environment; through the roof radiation cooling and heating system, it utilizes solar radiation to keep the building roof at an appropriate temperature to achieve the heat preservation effect of "warm in winter and cool in summer"; through the phase change wall heat collection system, it stores the solar radiation on the south side of the building during the day and releases it into the room at night to achieve the heat preservation effect; through the seasonal sunroom heat collection structure, a winter sunroom is formed on the south side to utilize solar radiation to reduce the heat dissipation of the building; through the roof indoor daylighting supplement structure, the daylighting of the indoor north side space is supplemented to improve the indoor daylighting uniformity; through the assembled module structure, the construction and transportation costs of the building are reduced; therefore, the present invention replaces the traditional mode of regulating indoor comfort by electromechanical equipment through the passive energy-saving technology of the combination of various structures and systems, improves the indoor wind, light, and heat environments, and effectively reduces the energy consumption of buildings in cold regions. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is the exploded structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3It is a schematic structural diagram of the roof module;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the north cellar module and the south cellar module;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the winter operation of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the summer operation of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0023] Specific embodiment one: With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 describe this embodiment. The near-zero energy consumption prefabricated building system in cold regions described in this embodiment includes a roof module 1, a north cellar module 2, a south cellar module 3, a ground module 4, two side wall modules 5, a north-south wall module 6, and a ventilation module 7; the north-south wall module 6 is installed on the ground module 4, the two side wall modules 5 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the north-south wall module 6, the north cellar module 2 is installed on the north side of the north-south wall module 6, the south cellar module 2 is installed on the south side of the north-south wall module 6, the roof module 1 is installed on the top of the north-south wall module 6, the ventilation module 7 is inserted into the north-south wall module 6, and the top ventilation opening of the ventilation module 7 is located outside the roof module 1. An underground air layer is provided in the ground module 4, and the north cellar module 2 and the south cellar module 3 are connected to the indoor space formed by the roof module 1, the ground module 4, the two side wall modules 5, and the north-south wall module 6 through the underground air layer.

[0024] Specific embodiment two: With reference to Figure 3 describe this embodiment. The roof module 1 of the near-zero energy consumption prefabricated building system in cold regions described in this embodiment includes a frame 101 and a plurality of louvers 102. The plurality of louvers 102 are arranged in a matrix within the frame 101, and the louvers 102 are rotatably connected to the frame 101. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in specific embodiment one.

[0025] Specific embodiment three: With reference to Figure 3 describe this embodiment. The louver 102 of the near-zero energy consumption prefabricated building system in cold regions described in this embodiment is composed of an air layer outer shell 1021, a heat medium circulation pipe 1023, two transmission rods 1024, and an air layer inner shell 1026. The air layer outer shell 1021, the heat medium circulation pipe 1023, and the air layer inner shell 1026 are stacked together in sequence from outside to inside. Both ends of the heat medium circulation pipe 1023 are rotatably connected to the frame 101 through two transmission rods 1024, and the heat medium circulation pipe 1023 is filled with heat medium. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in specific embodiment two.

[0026] Specific embodiment four: With reference to Figure 3Referring to this embodiment, between the inner side of the air layer outer shell 1021 and the outer side of the heat medium circulation pipe 1023 of the near-zero energy consumption prefabricated building system in cold regions described in this embodiment, there is a radiation heating material coating 1022, and between the inner side of the heat medium circulation pipe 1023 and the outer side of the air layer inner shell 1026, there is a radiation cooling material coating 1025. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the third specific embodiment.

[0027] Specific embodiment five: Figure 4 Referring to this embodiment, both the north cellar module 2 and the south cellar module 3 of the near-zero energy consumption prefabricated building system in cold regions described in this embodiment include a cellar main body 201 and a daylighting cellar top cover; the daylighting cellar top cover is installed at the wellhead of the daylighting well of the cellar main body 201. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first specific embodiment.

[0028] Specific embodiment six: Figure 4 Referring to this embodiment, the daylighting cellar top cover of the near-zero energy consumption prefabricated building system in cold regions described in this embodiment includes a Fresnel lens 202, a directional reflection wall 203, and a heat-to-color-changing glass 204; the Fresnel lens 202, the directional reflection wall 203, and the heat-to-color-changing glass 204 are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, and the Fresnel lens 202, the directional reflection wall 203, and the heat-to-color-changing glass 204 are all rotatably connected to the wellhead of the daylighting well of the cellar main body 201. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the fifth specific embodiment.

[0029] Specific embodiment seven: Figure 1 and Figure 2 Referring to this embodiment, the roof module 1, the north cellar module 2, the south cellar module 3, the ground module 4, the two side wall modules 5, the north-south wall module 6, and the ventilation module 7 of the near-zero energy consumption prefabricated building system in cold regions described in this embodiment are all prefabricated components, and the area of each prefabricated component is less than or equal to 2.4 m × 6 m. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first specific embodiment.

[0030] Specific embodiment eight: Figure 1 and Figure 2 Referring to this embodiment, the ventilation module 7 of the near-zero energy consumption prefabricated building system in cold regions described in this embodiment is composed of a solar chimney and a ground source heat pump thermal circulation ventilation system. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first specific embodiment.

[0031] Working principle

[0032] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 explain the working principle of the present invention

[0033] As Figure 5The following shows the winter operation mode of the present invention: Open the daylighting cellar top cover of the south cellar module 3 to absorb solar radiation, transfer the heat to the underground air layer, and the hot air rises; The air at the top of the solar chimney of the ventilation module 7 transfers heat to the outside world and the temperature drops, and the cold air descends; The hot air at the bottom rises into the indoor heating space, and after heat dissipation, it descends to the underground air layer together with the cold air at the top, and then enters the room after heating, so that the room remains warm;

[0034] In winter, the top surface of the roof module 1 adjusts the rotating louvers 102 in real time to the optimal angle for radiation utilization, uses the radiation heating surface to receive solar radiation, and circulates the generated heat from the roof to the indoor roof space through the water heat transfer medium, and transfers the heat to the roof air layer; The phase change heat collection wall absorbs solar radiation during the day for heat collection and transfers heat to the indoor space at night; The two work together to improve the heat preservation performance of the whole house;

[0035] Open the daylighting cellar top covers of the north cellar module 2 and the south cellar module 3, and unfold the south exterior wall as a sunroom. The directional radiation wall 203 and the thermochromic glass 204 absorb solar radiation to heat the space, and together with other walls of the building corridor, they form a sunroom, which has the functions of outdoor heat collection and indoor space expansion; The two work together to improve the indoor environment of the building.

[0036] As Figure 6 The following shows the summer operation mode of the present invention: Close the daylighting cellar top cover of the south cellar module 3. The thermochromic glass 204 reduces its transparency and reflects solar radiation together with the bottom directional reflection wall 203 to reduce the temperature of the underground air layer and form a cold air layer; The solar chimney at the top of the ventilation module 7 absorbs heat to generate hot air, opens the side louvers for ventilation, and generates a wind pressure difference with the underground air layer; The cold air at the bottom rises into the room under the influence of the wind pressure difference to lower the space temperature, and after heat absorption, it is discharged from the building together with the hot air at the top, so that the room remains cool;

[0037] In summer, the roof surface adjusts the rotating louvers 102 in real time to the optimal angle for radiation utilization, uses the radiation cooling surface to receive solar radiation, and releases the heat in the indoor roof space to the roof through the water heat transfer medium, and discharges the heat of the roof air layer; Affected by the shading of the corridor, the phase change heat collection wall does not receive solar radiation during the day; The two work together to improve the heat preservation performance of the whole house;

[0038] Close the daylighting cellar top covers of the north cellar module 2 and the south cellar module 3. The south building corridor shades the south phase change wall, which has the functions of outdoor shading and indoor space expansion; The two work together to improve the indoor environment of the building.

[0039] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments by using the above-disclosed technical content within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made to the above embodiments within the spirit and principle of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A near-zero energy consumption prefabricated building system in cold regions, characterized in that: The described nearly zero - energy prefabricated building system in cold regions includes a roof module (1), a north cellar module (2), a south cellar module (3), a ground module (4), two side - wall modules (5), a north - south wall module (6), and a ventilation module (7); the north - south wall module (6) is installed on the ground module (4), the two side - wall modules (5) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the north - south wall module (6), the north cellar module (2) is installed on the north side of the north - south wall module (6), the south cellar module (3) is installed on the south side of the north - south wall module (6), the roof module (1) is installed on the top of the north - south wall module (6), the ventilation module (7) is inserted into the north - south wall module (6), and the top ventilation opening of the ventilation module (7) is located outside the roof module (1). An underground air layer is provided in the ground module (4), and the north cellar module (2) and the south cellar module (3) are connected to the indoor space composed of the roof module (1), the ground module (4), the two side - wall modules (5), and the north - south wall module (6) through the underground air layer; Both the north cellar module (2) and the south cellar module (3) include a cellar main body (201) and a daylighting cellar top cover; the daylighting cellar top cover is installed at the wellhead of the daylighting well of the cellar main body (201); The daylighting cellar top cover includes a Fresnel lens (202), a directional reflection wall (203), and a heat - responsive color - changing glass (204); the Fresnel lens (202), the directional reflection wall (203), and the heat - responsive color - changing glass (204) are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, and the Fresnel lens (202), the directional reflection wall (203), and the heat - responsive color - changing glass (204) are all rotatably connected to the wellhead of the daylighting well of the cellar main body (201).

2. The near-zero energy consumption prefabricated building system in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roof module (1) includes a frame (101) and a number of louvers (102), and the number of louvers (102) are arranged in a matrix within the frame (101), and the louvers (102) are rotatably connected to the frame (101).

3. The near-zero energy consumption prefabricated building system in cold regions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The louver (102) is composed of an air - layer outer shell (1021), a heat - medium circulation pipe (1023), two transmission rods (1024), and an air - layer inner shell (1026). The air - layer outer shell (1021), the heat - medium circulation pipe (1023), and the air - layer inner shell (1026) are stacked together in sequence from the outside to the inside. The two ends of the heat - medium circulation pipe (1023) are rotatably connected to the frame (101) through two transmission rods (1024), and the heat - medium circulation pipe (1023) is filled with a heat - medium.

4. The near-zero energy consumption prefabricated building system in cold regions according to claim 3, characterized in that: A radiation heating material coating (1022) is provided between the inner side of the air - layer outer shell (1021) and the outer side of the heat - medium circulation pipe (1023), and a radiation cooling material coating (1025) is provided between the inner side of the heat - medium circulation pipe (1023) and the outer side of the air - layer inner shell (1026).

5. The near-zero energy consumption prefabricated building system in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roof module (1), the north cellar module (2), the south cellar module (3), the ground module (4), the two side - wall modules (5), the north - south wall module (6), and the ventilation module (7) are all prefabricated components, and the area of each prefabricated component is less than or equal to 2.4m×6m.

6. The near-zero energy consumption prefabricated building system in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation module (7) is composed of a solar chimney and a ground - source heat - pump thermal - cycle ventilation system.

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