Automatic feeding device for forming and processing firebrick

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic feeding device for refractory brick forming processing, which comprises a conveying device, a feeding box and a forming die; the conveying device is driven by a PLC intelligent motor; the feeding box is installed on a fixed frame and located below the end of the conveying device; a feeding port is arranged on the top of the feeding box, and a discharging port is arranged on the bottom of the feeding box; a lower cover which is movably connected with the side of the feeding box is arranged at the discharging port; the lower cover is opened or closed by a controller; a pressure-sensitive sensor is installed on the bottom of the feeding box; the pressure-sensitive sensor is signal-connected with the controller and wirelessly connected with the PLC intelligent motor; and the forming die is located below the discharging port. The automatic feeding device improves the automation of refractory brick forming processing and precisely controls the weight of each refractory brick, thereby guaranteeing the quality of the refractory bricks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of refractory brick processing equipment technology, and in particular to an automatic feeding device for refractory brick forming and processing. Background Technology

[0002] The production method of refractory bricks involves pressing refractory raw materials into refractory brick blocks using a pressing device. Currently, the raw materials are manually weighed using a scoop, which results in low accuracy, poor quality of the pressed refractory bricks, and is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient.

[0003] CN213504945U discloses a quantitative feeding device for refractory brick production, including a frame, a storage hopper installed on the upper part of the frame, an opening and closing door installed at the lower part of the storage hopper, a weighing conveyor belt installed on the frame below the storage hopper, a fixed conveyor belt that moves back and forth installed on the frame below the weighing conveyor belt via a slide rail, a discharge hopper installed at the front end of the fixed conveyor belt, and a discharge door installed at the lower part of the discharge hopper.

[0004] CN217372806U discloses a multifunctional raw material delivery device for a refractory material placing machine, including a feeding mechanism and a brick pushing mechanism. The feeding mechanism includes a feeding frame and a feeding hopper mounted on the feeding frame. The brick pushing mechanism includes a brick pushing frame and a brick pushing assembly mounted on the brick pushing frame. The brick pushing frame is fixedly connected to the feeding frame, and the brick pushing assembly is located at the feeding position. The automation level is low, and the refractory brick material conveying accuracy is low, with inconsistent amounts and inaccurate control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, the purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic feeding device for refractory brick forming and processing, which improves the automation of refractory brick forming and processing and accurately controls the weight of each refractory brick, thereby ensuring the quality of refractory bricks.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An automatic feeding device for refractory brick molding and processing includes a conveying device, a feeding box, and a molding die; the conveying device is driven by a PLC intelligent motor; the feeding box is mounted on a fixed frame and located below the end of the conveying device; the top of the feeding box has a feeding port and the bottom has a discharging port, and the discharging port has a lower cover that is movably connected to the side of the feeding box, the lower cover being opened or closed by a controller; a pressure-sensitive sensor is installed at the bottom of the feeding box, the pressure-sensitive sensor being signal-connected to the controller and wirelessly connected to the PLC intelligent motor; the molding die is located below the discharging port.

[0008] Optionally, the feeding box is in the shape of an inverted trapezoid with an inclined side; the inlet and outlet are both rectangular, the inlet being larger than the outlet; and the bottom cover is equal in size to the outlet.

[0009] Optionally, the fixing frame includes a limiting structure, which is disposed at the bottom of the feeding box to limit the feeding box; a vibration side plate is provided on the side of the feeding box, the vibration side plate is connected to a vibration motor, and the vibration motor is signal-connected to the pressure sensor.

[0010] Optionally, the limiting structure includes two parallel tracks, each track comprising a fixedly connected horizontal plate and a vertical plate, the included angle between the horizontal plate and the vertical plate corresponding to the inclination angle of the side slope of the feeding box; the two track openings are placed opposite each other with their openings facing inward, and the spacing corresponds to the width of the feeding box.

[0011] Optionally, the pressure sensor is disposed at the top of the horizontal plate, between the horizontal plate and the bottom of the feeding box.

[0012] Optionally, the vibrating side plate is connected to the feeding box by a compression spring.

[0013] Optionally, a discharge screen is provided at the discharge port, the size of which corresponds to the size of the discharge port; the discharge screen has several discharge holes evenly distributed; the discharge screen is movably connected to the feeding box; and the lower cover is located below the discharge screen.

[0014] Optionally, a material conveying pipe is provided below the discharge port, with the top of the material conveying pipe corresponding to the discharge port and the bottom corresponding to the molding die.

[0015] Refractory bricks, also known as fire bricks, are refractory materials made from refractory clay or other refractory raw materials. They are pale yellow or brownish and are mainly used for lining smelting furnaces. They can withstand high temperatures of 1580℃-1770℃. They are also called fire bricks. Refractory materials with specific shapes and sizes can be classified according to their manufacturing process into fired bricks, unfired bricks, electrofused bricks (cast bricks), and refractory insulating bricks. According to their shape and size, they can be classified into standard bricks, ordinary bricks, and special-shaped bricks. They can be used as high-temperature building materials and structural materials for kilns and various thermal equipment, and can withstand various physical and chemical changes and mechanical actions at high temperatures. Examples include refractory clay bricks, high-alumina bricks, silica bricks, and magnesia bricks.

[0016] The raw materials for refractory bricks are manually weighed and fed into the refractory brick pressing mold using a scoop. This manual feeding method has low accuracy, resulting in poor quality of the pressed refractory bricks. Furthermore, the manual feeding method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, leading to high labor intensity for workers, low production efficiency, high costs, and unstable feeding speed.

[0017] Some processes also employ semi-automatic refractory brick forming, equipped with conveyor belts, metering hoppers, and forming molds. Refractory brick material is placed on the conveyor belt and driven by a motor. When the material reaches the metering hopper, the hopper determines whether the quantity is correct, typically through manual or automatic measurement. The metering hopper may have graduations; manual measurement involves observing the material's position on the graduations, but this method is less precise and prone to over- or under-counting.

[0018] If automatic measurement is used, the measuring barrel is connected to a weight of corresponding mass. As the material enters the measuring barrel, the weight of the measuring barrel increases and the height rises until it is equal to the weight of the weight. At this time, the bottom of the measuring barrel opens and the refractory brick material leaks into the forming mold for processing. However, this automatic method is also very unstable in terms of the control of the refractory brick material.

[0019] Meanwhile, the amount of refractory brick material falling from the conveyor belt is also difficult to control. If the conveyor belt speed is too slow, it will affect the processing efficiency of the refractory bricks; if the conveyor belt speed is too fast, it will be difficult to control the input amount of refractory brick material, and it is easy to add too much material. However, it is impossible to prevent the added material from continuing to fall into the molding die, resulting in refractory bricks with different weights, uneven weight, and inconsistent quality.

[0020] The positive and beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] This invention provides an automatic feeding device for refractory brick molding and processing, including a conveying device, a feeding box, and a molding die; the conveying device is driven by a PLC intelligent motor; the feeding box is mounted on a fixed frame and located below the end of the conveying device; the top of the feeding box has a feeding port and the bottom has a discharging port, and the discharging port has a lower cover that is movably connected to the side of the feeding box, the lower cover being opened or closed by a controller; a pressure-sensitive sensor is installed at the bottom of the feeding box, the pressure-sensitive sensor being signal-connected to the controller and wirelessly connected to the PLC intelligent motor; the molding die is located below the discharging port.

[0022] 1) In the processing of refractory brick forming, the conveying device plays a role in quantitatively transferring and adding refractory brick materials. The conveying device consists of a conveyor belt and multiple conveyor shafts, including a drive shaft and a driven shaft. The PLC intelligent motor drives the drive shaft to rotate, and the refractory brick materials on the conveyor belt are transported to the feeding box. The materials enter the feeding box through the inlet and slowly accumulate to the top of the lower cover. The weight of the feeding box gradually increases as refractory brick materials are added. The weight of the materials is recorded in real time by a pressure sensor. When the set threshold is reached, the pressure sensor simultaneously sends a signal to the PLC intelligent motor and the controller. The signal causes the PLC intelligent motor to pause, stopping the transport of refractory brick materials. This then activates the controller, opening the bottom cover of the feeding box. The refractory brick materials inside fall into the forming mold below under gravity, forming the refractory bricks. After one feeding cycle, the weight of the feeding box decreases to below a set threshold. The pressure sensor then sends an electrical signal to the PLC intelligent motor and controller, causing the PLC intelligent motor to restart transporting refractory brick materials. The controller then closes the bottom cover of the feeding box. This cycle repeats to achieve automatic feeding for refractory brick forming.

[0023] 2) The vibration generated by the vibrating motor helps to dislodge the remaining refractory brick material in the feeding box into the forming mold below. Then the vibration stops. The vibration direction of the vibrating motor is consistent with the length direction of the track. The operation is repeated to accurately control the weight of each refractory brick, which greatly reduces the error in the weight of each refractory brick, making it more uniform and preventing some refractory bricks from being too heavy and others from being too light, thus improving the quality of refractory brick forming and processing.

[0024] 3) Precise control of the weight of each refractory brick greatly reduces the error in the weight of each refractory brick, making them more uniform and preventing some refractory bricks from being too heavy and others from being too light, thus improving the quality of refractory brick forming and processing.

[0025] 4) The vibrating side plate and the feeding box are connected by a compression spring. This makes the vibration frequency of the feeding box not fixed as the vibration time increases. The compression spring can extend and retract freely, allowing the feeding box to move back and forth along the length of the track when the vibrating motor vibrates. The amplitude of the movement is not fixed as time increases, which is beneficial for pouring all the remaining refractory brick material in the feeding box into the molding mold.

[0026] 5) The discharge of refractory brick material is controlled by the discharge net and the vibration motor. The weight change is much easier to control than the weight of material falling directly from the conveyor device, which greatly improves the accuracy of the weight of a single refractory brick, makes the weight of each refractory brick more uniform, and ensures the molding quality of refractory bricks. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the automatic feeding device for refractory brick molding and processing provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a top view of the feeding box provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a side view of the automatic feeding device for refractory brick forming and processing provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic block diagram of the connection of the pressure-sensitive sensor provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration side plate and compression spring provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge mesh provided by the present invention.

[0033] 1. Feeding box; 2. Conveying device; 3. Molding mold; 4. Lower cover; 5. Vibrating side plate; 6. Track; 7. Horizontal plate; 8. Vertical plate; 9. Compression spring; 10. Material conveying pipe; 11. Discharge screen; 12. Vibrating motor. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to some specific embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an automatic feeding device for refractory brick molding and processing includes a conveying device 2, a feeding box 1, and a molding die 3. The conveying device 2 is driven by a PLC intelligent motor. The feeding box 1 is mounted on a fixed frame and located below the end of the conveying device 2. The feeding box 1 has an inlet at the top and an outlet at the bottom. A lower cover 4 is provided at the outlet and is movably connected to the side of the feeding box 1. The lower cover 4 is opened or closed by a controller. A pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the feeding box 1. The pressure sensor is signal-connected to the controller and wirelessly connected to the PLC intelligent motor. The molding die 3 is located below the outlet.

[0037] In the refractory brick forming process, the conveying device 2 plays a role in quantitatively transferring and adding refractory brick materials. The conveying device 2 consists of a conveyor belt and multiple conveyor shafts, including a drive shaft and a driven shaft. The PLC intelligent motor drives the drive shaft to rotate, and the refractory brick materials on the conveyor belt are transported to the feeding box 1. The materials enter the feeding box 1 through the inlet and slowly accumulate to the top of the lower cover 4. The weight of the feeding box 1 gradually increases as refractory brick materials are added. The weight of the materials is recorded in real time by a pressure sensor. When the set threshold is reached, the pressure sensor simultaneously sends an electrical signal to the PLC intelligent motor and the controller. This causes the PLC intelligent motor to stop working, stopping the transport of refractory brick materials; it then causes the controller to start working, opening the bottom cover 4 of the feeding box 1, allowing the refractory brick materials in the feeding box 1 to fall into the forming mold 3 below under gravity, thus forming refractory bricks. After one feeding cycle, the weight of the feeding box 1 decreases to below the set threshold, and the pressure sensor sends an electrical signal to the PLC intelligent motor and controller again, causing the PLC intelligent motor to start running again to transport refractory brick materials, and causing the controller to close the bottom cover 4 of the feeding box 1. By cycling and repeating the above actions, automatic feeding of refractory brick forming can be achieved.

[0038] The weight threshold of the pressure sensor can be flexibly set according to the required weight of the refractory bricks to be produced. The weight threshold is the sum of the weight of the feeding box 1 and the weight of the refractory bricks to be produced.

[0039] The feeding box 1 is in the shape of an inverted trapezoid with an inclined side, allowing the refractory brick material to fall inclinedly down the inner wall of the feeding box 1. Both the inlet and outlet are rectangular, with the inlet being larger than the outlet. The lower cover 4 is the same size as the outlet. This structure provides a greater buffering force to the refractory brick material, reducing its falling speed and ensuring accurate measurement by the pressure sensor.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] refer to Figure 1 The automatic feeding device for refractory brick forming and processing also includes a limiting structure in the fixed frame. The limiting structure is set at the bottom of the feeding box 1 to limit the left and right swaying of the feeding box 1. A vibration side plate 5 is provided on the side of the feeding box 1. The vibration side plate 5 is connected to the vibration motor 12. The vibration motor 12 is connected to the pressure sensor.

[0042] Specifically, the limiting structure includes two parallel tracks 6. Each track 6 comprises a horizontal plate 7 and a vertical plate 8 fixedly connected together. The included angle between the horizontal plate 7 and the vertical plate 8 corresponds to the inclination angle of the side slope of the feeding box 1. The track is L-shaped, with its bottom contacting the horizontal plate 7 and its side contacting the vertical plate 8 when the feeding box 1 is placed on the track 6. The two tracks 6 are positioned opposite each other with their openings facing inwards, and the distance between them corresponds to the width of the feeding box 1. The pressure-sensitive sensor is located at the top of the horizontal plate 7, between the horizontal plate 7 and the bottom of the feeding box 1.

[0043] When the weight of the refractory brick material reaches the set threshold, the pressure sensor sends an electrical signal to the vibration motor 12 to start the vibration motor 12. The vibration generated by the vibration motor 12 helps to vibrate and detach the remaining refractory brick material in the feeding box 1 into the forming mold 3 below. Then the vibration stops. The vibration direction of the vibration motor 12 is consistent with the length direction of the track 6. The cycle operation accurately controls the weight of each refractory brick, greatly reducing the error in the weight of each refractory brick, making it more uniform, preventing some refractory bricks from being too heavy and others from being too light, and improving the quality of refractory brick forming and processing.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown, the vibrating side plate 5 is connected to the feeding box 1 by a compression spring 9. This allows the vibration frequency of the feeding box 1 to become variable with increasing vibration time, and the compression spring 9 to extend and retract freely. This allows the feeding box 1 to move back and forth along the length of the track 6 when the vibrating motor 12 vibrates. The amplitude of the movement is not fixed with increasing time, which facilitates the complete pouring of all the refractory brick material remaining in the feeding box 1 into the molding mold 3.

[0046] Example 4

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, a discharge net 11 is provided at the discharge port. The size of the discharge net 11 corresponds to the size of the discharge port, and can be equal to or smaller than the size of the discharge port. The discharge net 11 is evenly provided with several discharge holes. The discharge net 11 is movably connected to the feeding box 1. The lower cover 4 is located below the discharge net 11, and the setting threshold of the pressure sensor and the sending rules of the control signal are adjusted at the same time.

[0048] The diameter of the discharge hole is determined according to the material of the refractory brick. The diameter can be appropriately larger to increase the conveying speed. The refractory brick material entering from the feed box 1 will be blocked by the discharge net 11 and the lower cover 4. It is possible that the conveying speed of the conveying device 2 is too fast or the refractory brick material is in large pieces, etc., the refractory brick material falling from the conveying device 2 is too large. Then, the weight of the refractory bricks produced when all of them fall into the forming mold 3 will also be too heavy, resulting in inconsistent quality of the refractory bricks produced.

[0049] Therefore, the pressure sensor records the weight change of the feeding box 1 in real time. When the weight change of the feeding box 1 exceeds the weight of a single refractory brick, the pressure sensor simultaneously sends electrical signals to the PLC intelligent motor, controller, and vibration motor 12, causing the PLC intelligent motor to stop working and stop the conveying of refractory brick material; causing the controller to start working, opening the bottom cover 4 of the feeding box 1, causing the vibration motor 12 to start and vibrate; at this time, some or all of the material will remain on the discharge screen 11, and this part of the material cannot be completely poured into the molding mold 3; as the vibration motor 12 vibrates, the amount of refractory brick material on the discharge screen 11 gradually decreases, and the pressure sensor records this weight change in real time until the weight change is equal to the weight of a single refractory brick, then sends an electrical signal to control the vibration motor 12 to stop vibrating, controls the controller to close the bottom cover 4, and controls the conveying device 2 to start after a certain delay. When the size of the discharge mesh 11 is smaller than the size of the discharge port, some material will fall directly after the lower cover 4 is opened, while some material will remain on the discharge mesh 11 and fall due to vibration. This can increase the discharge speed of refractory bricks while ensuring discharge accuracy. By controlling the discharge of refractory brick material through the vibration of the discharge mesh 11 and the vibration motor 12, the weight variation of the material is much easier to control compared to the weight of material falling directly from the conveyor device 2. This greatly improves the accuracy of the weight of a single refractory brick, making the weight of each refractory brick more uniform and ensuring the molding quality of the refractory bricks.

[0050] A conveying pipe 10 is provided below the discharge port. The top of the conveying pipe 10 corresponds to the discharge port, and the bottom corresponds to the molding mold 3. The refractory brick material falling from the discharge port falls into the molding mold 3 either through the conveying pipe 10 or directly.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Any other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic feeding device for refractory brick forming and processing, characterized in that, Including conveying device, feed tank and forming die; The conveying device is driven by PLC intelligent motor; The feed tank is installed on the fixed frame and is located below the end of the conveying device; The top of the feed tank is provided with a feeding port, and the bottom is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port is provided with a lower cover which is movably connected with the side of the feed tank, and the lower cover is opened or closed by the controller; The pressure sensitive sensor is installed at the bottom of the feed tank, and the pressure sensitive sensor is signal connected with the controller and wirelessly connected with the PLC intelligent motor; The forming die is located below the discharge port; The fixed frame comprises a limiting structure, the limiting structure is arranged at the bottom of the feed tank and is used for limiting the feed tank; The side of the feed tank is provided with a vibrating side plate, the vibrating side plate is connected with a vibrating motor, and the vibrating motor is signal connected with the pressure sensitive sensor; The vibrating side plate and the feed tank are connected through a compression spring.

2. The automatic feeding device for forming and processing of fireproof bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape of the feed tank is inverted trapezoidal, and the side is inclined; The shape of the feeding port and the discharge port is rectangular, the size of the feeding port is larger than that of the discharge port; The size of the lower cover is equal to that of the discharge port.

3. The automatic feeding device for forming and processing of refractory bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting structure comprises two parallel tracks, the track comprises a horizontally arranged plate and a vertically arranged plate, the included angle between the horizontally arranged plate and the vertically arranged plate corresponds to the inclination angle of the inclined surface of the side of the feed tank; The two tracks are oppositely placed with the opening facing inwards, and the spacing corresponds to the width of the feed tank.

4. The automatic feeding device for forming and processing of fireproof bricks according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressure sensitive sensor is arranged on the top of the horizontally arranged plate between the horizontally arranged plate and the bottom of the feed tank.

5. The automatic feeding device for forming and processing of fireproof bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge port is provided with a discharge net, the size of the discharge net corresponds to the size of the discharge port; The discharge net is uniformly provided with a plurality of discharge holes; The discharge net is movably connected with the feed tank; The lower cover is located below the discharge net.

6. The automatic feeding device for forming and processing of fireproof bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the discharge port is provided with a conveying pipeline, the top of the conveying pipeline corresponds to the discharge port, and the bottom corresponds to the forming die.

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