Tool mounting seat for assisting mechanical continuous rock breaking, combined rock breaking tool and method

Abstract

The present invention provides a tool mounting seat, a rock breaking tool and a method for assisting mechanical continuous rock breaking. The present invention arranges corresponding card slots, slide rails and slide grooves on the tool mounting seat, which can flexibly adjust the relative position and cutting angle of the tool, and perform real-time adjustment of the target distance of the combined tool. The combined tool includes a cavity cutter and a water jet device. The water jet is built into the cavity cutter, and the cutter body provides it with external protection, which can achieve auxiliary mechanical continuous rock breaking. The present invention has the advantage of continuous auxiliary mechanical rock breaking function, and can meet the needs of combined rock breaking combined mode / advantage parameter research through degree of freedom adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of TBM and shield tunneling machine, and relates to a tool mounting seat for assisting mechanical continuous rock breaking, a combined rock breaking tool and a method. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] As a highly integrated tunnel construction machine, the full-face rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) boasts advantages such as high excavation speed, minimal surrounding rock disturbance, and safety and reliability, making it widely used in rock tunnel construction. However, when encountering high confining pressure, highly abrasive hard rock, and extremely hard rock, the rock breaking capability of the roller cutter is seriously insufficient, resulting in a series of problems such as low penetration and abnormal damage to the cutterhead, which seriously restricts TBM excavation efficiency. To improve the cutter's ability to break extremely hard rock, the concept of water jet-assisted rock breaking technology was proposed and quickly became a hot topic of research in underground engineering both domestically and internationally.

[0004] At present, the use of water jet devices mounted on TBMs for auxiliary rock breaking has made certain progress in theory and technology, but a large number of indoor combined rock breaking tests are still needed for further in-depth research. In traditional test methods, a single water jet nozzle is simply combined with a single roller cutter to study the auxiliary rock breaking effect and mechanism of water jets. The following problems were encountered during implementation: 1. The water jet nozzle lacks targeted protection measures. The current water jet nozzle protection device is generally a protective cover, which is far away from the rock surface, increases the target distance, and reduces the cutting effect of the water jet; 2. The water jet nozzle protective cover does not have the ability to actively break rock. The rock ridge left in the combined rock breaking process will cause the protective cover to deflect or fail abnormally, resulting in damage to the water jet and termination of continuous rock breaking; 3. The water jet nozzle and the roller cutter have a single way of matching, and the adjustment of the jet target distance, impact cutting angle, etc. is complicated. There is a lack of convenient and fast multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment, matching and mode switching; Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a tool mounting seat, a rock breaking tool and a method for assisting mechanical continuous rock breaking. The present invention has the advantages of adjustable cutting angle, adjustable target distance, adjustable cutting trajectory and nozzle protection. The installed combined tool has the functions of cutting, squeezing, scraping and breaking rock ridges and rock debris, ensuring continuous auxiliary mechanical joint rock breaking, and at the same time, it can meet the needs of joint rock breaking joint mode / advantage parameter research through freedom adjustment.

[0006] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A tool mounting seat for assisting a machine in continuous rock breaking, comprising a combined tool support, a rail attachment plate and a tool;

[0008] The combined tool support is connected to the hob cutter holder through a vertical slide groove. By changing the relative position of the combined tool support and the hob cutter, the target distance of the combined tool can be adjusted during the test. In addition, a horizontal slide groove is provided on the combined tool support to provide a horizontal translation guide rail for the rail attachment plate.

[0009] The rail attachment clamping plate comprises two symmetrically arranged components, each component comprising a connecting plate and a clamping plate. The connecting plate is movably connected to the combined tool support via a transverse slide groove. The connecting plate moves left and right on the transverse slide groove to adjust the rock breaking mode of the combined tool and the roller cutter with the same or different trajectories. The connecting plate is provided with an arc-shaped slide rail, which can provide a rotating guide rail for the rail attachment clamping plate to achieve an adjustable angle with the combined tool support.

[0010] The clamping plate is connected to the connecting plate, and the combined cutter is arranged between the two clamping plates. The angle between the combined cutter and the clamping plates is adjustable through an arc-shaped slot.

[0011] The combined tool includes a cavity cutter and a water jet device. The cavity cutter includes a cutter body and a cutter blade. The cutter body is connected to a splint. The cutter blade is arranged on the cutter body, and a groove is provided on the cutter blade. The groove is connected to the internal through hole of the cavity cutter. The water jet device is installed at the through hole, and the nozzle is arranged at the groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the water jet device is installed inside the cavity cutter to form a combined tool. Under the protection of the cutter, the combined tool can realize active rock breaking.

[0013] As an optional implementation, the combined tool support is connected to the hob tool via a vertical slide groove, so that the front and rear relative positions of the tool mounting seat and the hob can be changed, thereby adjusting the target distance.

[0014] As an optional embodiment, the combined cutter support is provided with two parallel transverse chutes, and the connecting plates are connected to the corresponding transverse chutes via fasteners, each of which is mounted within the arc-shaped guide rail. The connecting plates move left and right along the transverse chutes to adjust the rock breaking pattern of the combined cutter and the roller cutter, with the combined cutter and the roller cutter trajectories aligned and differing.

[0015] As an optional embodiment, when the rail attachment splint and the combined cutter support are twisted and rotated, the combined cutter can achieve rock breaking in different ways such as oblique cutting and tangential cutting.

[0016] As a further feature, the transverse sliding groove is a T-shaped groove.

[0017] Furthermore, the lengths of both ends of the arc-shaped slide rail are arranged to exceed the transverse slide groove.

[0018] As an optional embodiment, the clamping plate and the connecting plate are arranged vertically, and the two clamping plates are arranged relatively symmetrically.

[0019] As an optional embodiment, at least two discontinuous arc-shaped grooves are provided on the splint, and the cutter body of the cavity cutter is slidably connected to the arc-shaped grooves through a clamping part. The arc-shaped groove provides a rotating slide rail for the cutter body to achieve a torsional change in the angle between the combined tool and the cutting direction of the roller.

[0020] As an optional embodiment, the combined tool support is provided with a connecting piece that can be slidably connected to the hob cutter seat, and the hob cutter seat is provided with a vertical sliding groove.

[0021] As an optional embodiment, the water jet device includes a jet nozzle, a jet bracket, and a high-pressure hose. One end of the jet bracket is connected to the jet nozzle, and the other end of the jet bracket is connected to the cutter body. The high-pressure hose passes through the jet bracket and is connected to the jet nozzle to provide a jet power source.

[0022] A combined rock breaking tool comprises the above-mentioned tool mounting seat, a combined tool and a hob cutter. The combined tool mounting seat is connected to the hob cutter seat, and the combined tool is mounted on the tool mounting seat.

[0023] A rock breaking test method for a rock breaking tool comprises several of the following steps:

[0024] By adjusting the vertical relative position of the combined tool support to the hob cutter, the relative position of the hob cutter and the combined tool module is changed to perform the target distance test;

[0025] By adjusting the relative position of the combined tool support and the hob cutter in the horizontal direction, the combined tool and the hob cutter are placed on the same cutting trajectory or misaligned, and the same or different trajectory test is performed;

[0026] By adjusting the angle between the rail attachment plate and the combined tool support, the combined tool and the hob are placed on the same horizontal line or at a certain angle, and the cutter is tested for tangent and bevel cutting.

[0027] By adjusting and changing the angle between the combined tool and the hob cutting direction, the cutting angle can be adjusted and tested.

[0028] The combined cutter continuously assists the disc cutter in rock breaking and tunneling. The water jet cuts along the cut marks from the previous cycle, while the cavity cutter portion of the combined cutter compresses, scrapes, and removes rock ridges and debris. Finally, the disc cutter completes the cut. This cycle repeats.

[0029] Under the protection and synergy of the combined tool, the water jet device can perform secondary breaking of the rock mass that has not been broken by the roller cutter without damaging the water jet, thereby realizing the combined coupled rock breaking and realizing continuous jet-assisted excavation.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] This invention solves the problem of continuous tunneling with water jet-assisted tools. The water jet first impacts and cuts the rock, while the chambered cutter then squeezes, scrapes, and removes rock ridges and debris, collaborating with the roller cutter to complete the combined cutting. Because the water jet is protected by the chambered cutter, and the cutter can break up rock mass not broken by the roller cutter, this reciprocating motion enables continuous water jet-assisted tunneling.

[0032] The water jet device of the present invention is built into the cavity cutter, and the cavity cutter provides external protection for it; the blade part of the cavity cutter is made of a high-strength alloy material and a groove design is adopted at the water outlet, which reduces the direct collision and wear between the rock and the water jet nozzle during excavation; at the same time, under the protection of the cavity cutter, the water jet can get as close to the rock surface as possible to reduce the target distance and improve the water jet cutting efficiency.

[0033] The present invention can flexibly adjust the relative position, cutting angle, and target distance by arranging corresponding clamping grooves, sliding grooves, and sliding rails, and can flexibly perform combined rock breaking tests.

[0034] The invention has a simple structure, is easy to implement and has good practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a front view of the tool mounting base and the combined rock breaking tool of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 A side view of the tool mounting base and the combined rock breaking tool of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A top view of the tool mounting base and the combined rock breaking tool of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a side view of the combined tool of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure, 101, combined tool support; 102, rail attachment plate; 103, combined tool; 104, vertical slide; 105, horizontal slide; 106, connecting plate; 107, splint; 108, arc-shaped slot; 1031, cavity cutter; 109, cutter body; 110, cutter blade; 111, water jet device; 112, groove; 113, water jet nozzle; 114, jet bracket; 115, high-pressure hose; 116, arc-shaped slide; 201, hob cutter holder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0043] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the tool mounting base proposed in this invention for assisting mechanical continuous rock breaking is located on one side of a hob cutter base 201. It primarily comprises a combined tool support 101, a rail attachment plate 102, and a cavity cutter 1031. The combined tool 103, mounted on the tool mounting base, consists of the cavity cutter 1031 and a water jet device 111. The hob cutter base 201 provides an attachment point for the multifunctional tool mounting base and features a vertical slot 104. The tool mounting base is bolted to the slot 104 to connect to the hob cutter base 201.

[0045] In this embodiment, the combined tool support 101 is connected to the hob cutter holder 201 via a bolted vertical slot 104. A transverse slot 105 is provided within the combined tool support, providing a guideway for the attachment plate 102. The relative position of the attachment plate 102 and the combined tool support 101 can be adjusted by sliding and securing the bolts within the transverse slot 105. This allows the relative relationship between the cutting paths of the combined tool 103 and the hob cutter to be altered. When the paths overlap, they remain aligned; otherwise, they remain disjointed.

[0046] In this embodiment, if Figure 3As shown, there are two transverse chutes 105, which are arranged in parallel. Both transverse chutes 105 are T-shaped slots.

[0047] The rail attachment plate 102 is symmetrically arranged, comprising a connecting plate 106 and a clamping plate 107. In this embodiment, the two parts are integrally cast and arranged perpendicularly, with the connecting plate 106 arranged parallel to the transverse slot 105 of the combined tool support 101. The connecting plate 106 is connected to the transverse slot 105 via bolts, allowing the overall position of the rail attachment plate 102 to be adjusted.

[0048] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the connecting plate 106 is also provided with a curved rail 116. This rail 116 extends a certain length relative to the transverse slot 105, providing a range of motion for adjusting the overall angle of the combined cutter. Specifically, the curved rail 116 adjusts the angle between the attachment plate 102 and the combined cutter support 101. When the attachment plate 102 is not twisted, the cavity cutter 1031 is in perpendicular contact with the tunnel face, achieving a tangential cut. After twisting, the cavity cutter 1031 tilts with the tunnel face, achieving an oblique cut.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, a discontinuous arc-shaped slot 108 is provided on the clamping plate 107, providing a rotational track for the combined cutter 103. The angle between the combined cutter 103 and the rail clamping plate 102 can be adjusted by sliding a bolt within the arc-shaped slot 108. This allows the vertical angle between the combined cutter 103 and the hob to be varied, thereby adjusting the cutting angle.

[0050] In this embodiment, the combined tool 103 includes a cavity cutter 202, namely a cutter body 109 and a cutter blade 110, and a water jet device 111; the cutter body 109 is connected to the splint 107 in the form of bolts through an arc-shaped slot 108, and is connected to the cutter blade 110, and a water jet device 111 is arranged inside; the cutter blade 110 is located at the front end of the excavation of the cutter body 109, and has a certain hardness and toughness. In this embodiment, an alloy blade can be selected to realize the function of continuous auxiliary excavation.

[0051] The middle portion of the cutter blade 110 is provided with a groove 112 (in some embodiments, it can also be a through hole), and the water jet nozzle 113 is exposed here and does not protrude from the groove 112. In other words, the water jet device is arranged inside the chambered cutter 1031, and the cutter body 109 provides support and protection for it.

[0052] In this embodiment, the water jet device module includes a jet nozzle 113, a jet bracket 114, and a high-pressure hose 115. One end of the jet bracket 114 is connected to the jet nozzle 113 and the relative angle between the two is adjustable. The other end of the jet bracket 114 is connected to the cutter body 109; the high-pressure hose 115 passes through the jet bracket 114 to provide jet power for the jet beam and is connected to the jet power source.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other similar connection methods may also be used to implement the present invention, such as welding, bonding, or screwing.

[0054] Likewise, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned sliding connection, or fastening / fixing method may be replaced by a similar connection method, such as a sliding portion and a sliding member, a groove and a fixing block, etc.

[0055] The invention has the advantages of adjustable cutting angle, real-time adjustment of target distance and protection of nozzle, and the mechanical teeth installed have the functions of crushing, scraping and removing rock ridges and rock debris to play a role of continuous auxiliary mechanical rock breaking.

[0056] The combined tool unit combines a water jet system with a chambered cutter, enabling continuous tunneling assistance. The water jet first impacts and cuts the rock, while the chambered cutter then squeezes, scrapes, and removes rock ridges and debris, collaborating with the roller cutter to complete the combined cutting. Because the water jet system is protected by the chambered cutter, and the cutter removes rock not removed by the roller cutter, this reciprocating motion enables continuous water jet-assisted tunneling.

[0057] The present invention can realize the testing of various rock breaking influencing factors:

[0058] ① Target distance test: By adjusting the relative position of the combined cutter support on the vertical slide rail of the hob cutter, the relative position of the hob cutter module and the combined cutter module is changed. The target distance increases when moving away from the tunnel face, and decreases when moving away from the tunnel face. This is to test the effect of target distance on excavation.

[0059] ② Same-different track test: The position of the multi-function tool mounting base relative to the hob is adjusted by sliding the bolts in the transverse slide. When the combined tool and the hob are on the same cutting track, it is the same track excavation. When the combined tool and the hob are misaligned in cutting track, the combined tool and the hob excavation path are different, which is different track excavation.

[0060] Cutter angle test: adjust the angle between the rail attachment plate and the combined tool support; when the combined tool is tilted relative to the tunnel face, it is an oblique cutting test, and when it is perpendicular to the tunnel face, it is a tangent test.

[0061] ③ Test the relative angle between the combined cutter and the hob: The angle between the combined cutter and the hob is adjusted by sliding the bolts in the arc-shaped slot. This changes the angle between the combined cutter and the hob in the cutting direction, allowing the cutting angle to be adjusted, thereby testing the effect of the angle between the combined cutter and the hob on excavation.

[0062] The present invention achieves continuous water jet-assisted rock breaking, ensuring the continuity of the water jet's impact and cutting of the rock surface. This continuity is achieved through a cyclic operation. The water jet first impacts and cuts the rock, while the chambered cutter then squeezes, scrapes, and removes rock ridges and debris, collaborating with the roller cutter to complete the combined cutting. Because the water jet is protected by the chambered cutter, and the cutter can break away rock not broken by the roller cutter, this reciprocating cycle enables continuous water jet-assisted excavation.

[0063] Although the above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without any creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool for assisting a machine to continuously break rock, characterized by: Includes tool mounts, joint cutters, and hob cutters; The combined cutter includes a cavity cutter and a water jet device; The tool mounting seat includes a combined tool support and a rail attachment clamp; The combined tool support is connected to the hob cutter seat through a vertical slide groove. The target distance of the combined tool is adjusted by changing the relative position of the combined tool support and the hob cutter. The combined tool support is provided with a connecting piece that can be slidably connected to the hob cutter seat. The hob cutter seat is provided with a vertical slide groove. The combined tool support is provided with a transverse slideway to provide a transverse translation guide for the rail attachment plate; The rail attachment clamping plate comprises two symmetrically arranged components, each component comprising a connecting plate and a clamping plate. The connecting plate is movably connected to the combined tool support via a transverse slide groove. The connecting plate moves left and right on the transverse slide groove to adjust the rock breaking mode of the combined tool and the roller cutter with the same or different trajectories. The connecting plate is provided with an arc-shaped slide rail, which can provide a rotating guide rail for the rail attachment clamping plate to achieve an adjustable angle with the combined tool support. The cavity cutter includes a cutter body and a cutter blade. The cutter body is connected to the clamping plate. The cutter blade is arranged on the cutter body, and a groove is arranged on the cutter blade. The groove is connected to the internal through hole of the cavity cutter. The water jet device is installed at the through hole, and the nozzle is arranged at the groove; The clamping plate is connected to the connecting plate, and the combined cutter is arranged between the two clamping plates. The angle between the combined cutter and the clamping plates is adjustable through an arc-shaped slot.

2. A tool for assisting mechanical continuous rock breaking as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The combined tool support is provided with two parallel transverse sliding grooves, and the connecting plates are connected to the corresponding transverse sliding grooves through a fastener respectively, and the fastener is sleeved in the arc-shaped slide rail.

3. A tool for assisting mechanical continuous rock breaking as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the angle between the rail attachment plate and the combined tool support does not change, the cavity cutter is perpendicular to the tunnel face and is called tangent. When the angle changes due to torsion, that is, the cavity cutter tilts and contacts the rock surface, it is called oblique cutting.

4. A tool for assisting mechanical continuous rock breaking as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Two transverse sliding grooves extend from both ends of the groove of the arc-shaped sliding rail.

5. A tool for assisting mechanical continuous rock breaking as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping plate and the connecting plate are arranged vertically, and the two clamping plates are arranged opposite to each other; Alternatively, at least two discontinuous arc-shaped slots are provided on the splint, and the cutter body of the cavity cutter is slidably connected to the arc-shaped slots through a clamping piece, and the arc-shaped slots provide a motion trajectory for the cutter body to achieve adjustable vertical angle of the cutter body / angle between the cutter and the roller.

6. A tool for assisting mechanical continuous rock breaking as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The water jet device includes a jet nozzle, a jet bracket, and a high-pressure hose. One end of the jet bracket is connected to the jet nozzle, and the relative angle between the two is adjustable. The other end of the jet bracket is connected to the cutter body. The high-pressure hose passes through the jet bracket and connects the jet nozzle and the jet power source.

7. A rock breaking test method using a tool for assisting mechanical continuous rock breaking according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Includes several of the following steps: By adjusting the relative position of the combined tool support in the cutting direction of the hob cutter, the relative position of the hob cutter and the cavity cutter module is changed to perform the target distance test; By adjusting the relative position of the combined tool support and the hob cutter blade, the combined tool and the hob are placed on the same horizontal line or misaligned, and the same or different trajectory test is performed; By adjusting the angle between the rail attachment plate and the combined tool support, the cavity cutter can be made to contact the tunnel face vertically or obliquely to achieve tangent or oblique cutting, thereby conducting tangent and oblique cutting tests of the cavity cutter. By adjusting and changing the angle between the combined tool and the hob in the hob cutting direction, the cutting angle can be adjusted and the relative angle test can be performed.

8. The rock breaking testing method of a rock breaking tool according to claim 7, wherein: The combined tool water jet device performs jet impact cutting along the cutting scratches of the previous cycle. The cutting edge of the combined tool then squeezes, scrapes and removes the rock ridges and rock debris. Finally, the hob tool completes further cutting. This is the cycle content. The cycle is repeated to achieve continuous water jet-assisted rock breaking and excavation.

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